POWER GENERATION FROM SPEED BREAKERS

PREPARED BY-

JASHOBANTI BISWAL

REGDN. NO-0901106119

ELECTRICAL ENGINEEERING DEPARTMENT

CONTENTS Introduction Different mechanisms Spring coil mechanism Rack pinion mechanism MERITS and demerit scope and uses CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION A large amount of energy is wasted

at the speed breakers through friction , every time a vehicle passes over it.

So electricity can be generated using the vehicle weight (potential energy) as input.

So, this is a small step to try to improve this situation.

POSSIBLE USING DIFFERENT MECHANISMS

SPRING COIL MECHANISM

RACK- PINION MECHANISM

CRANK-SHAFT MECHANISM

ROLLER MECHANISM

OUT OF THE ABOVE METHODS CRANK-SHAFT MECHANISM & ROLLER

MECHANISM ARE NOT USED BECAUSE OF THE DEMERITS RELATED TO THESE METHODS.

SO ONLY SPRING COIL MECHANISM &

RACK- PINION MECHANISM ARE

DISCUSSED.

SPRING COIL MECHANISM

Working principleConversion of mechanical

energy to pneumatic energy which is converted

to electical energy

CONSTRUCTION OF THE SPEED BREAKER Here we are making the speed breaker

of vibrating type, when a vehicle crosses the speed breaker, it gets pressed and then it gets back to its original position.

Dimensions of speed breaker:- Height      : 0.2m Width             : 0.4m Length            : 4m

DESIGN OF THE SPEED BREAKER

•The material used in construction of speed breakers is steel.•The shape of speed breaker is trapezoidal .

CONSTRUCTION OF THE TRENCH

• Height: 0.35m• Length : 4m• Width   :0.45m• The bottom layer of the trench is filled with concrete or with wooden plates of 0.5m. •This is for cushion effect.

DESIGN OF THE SPRING The actual height of spring is 0.3m before loading. The deflection of the spring is given by δ = 64 w *n*N*R^3 /(Gd^4) where δ-deflection (in our case maximum δ =0.1m) w=designed load R= mean diameter of coil d =diameter of wire n=no of spring turns G= Modulus of rigidity = 8*10^4 N/mm2 N= No. of springs The no of turns in the spring to get the deflection

of 0.1m is given by n= δGd^4/(64 w*N*R^3)

WORKING PROCESS

Vehicle approaching the speed breaker

CONTINUED.. Maximum load on the

speed breaker is when the vehicle is on the middle of the speed breaker.

When the load is on the speed breaker, the volume of air compressed by it is found by,

Volume of compressed air = Volume of air in base – Volume of spring

= (x m^3)/s

CONTINUED.. When the

pressure in the FRL unit exceeds the defined level the valve opens and the pressurized air is given to the nozzle.

NOZZLE The diameter of the inlet

of nozzle must be greater than outlet.

Here the pressure energy is converted to kinetic energy i.e pressure→high velocity.

This high velocity compressd air when hits the impeller ,makes it to rotate.

IMPELLER CONSISTS - Casing Runner and buckets

CASING- This is provided to safeguard device against

accidents.

RUNNER It consists of a circular

disc on the periphery of which have number of buckets evenly spaced are fixed. Each bucket is divided in to 2 symmetrical parts by a dividing wall is know as splitter.

When the air strikes the runner ,it rotates & continues rotation due to inertia.

ALTERNATOR An electrical generator is a machine

which converts mechanical energy in to electrical energy.

The output of the alternator is used to light the street lights & is rectified & stored in batteries.

RACK-PINION MECHANISM

PRINCIPLE MECHANICAL ENERGY IS

CONVERTED TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS

The various machine elements used in the construction of power hump are

RACK-PINION

SPROCKETS

GEARS FLY WHEEL

SHAFT

ELECTRIC GENERATOR

SPROCKET MECHANISMTransfers rotary motion between two shafts

GEAR MECHANISMThe input gear transfers power to the output gear.

FLYWHEEL

This is used to regulate the energy and maintain the energy at an uniform level so that the shaft rotate at an uniform r.p.m

CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS

WORKING PROCEDURE Here the reciprocating motion of the

speed-breaker is converted into rotary motion using the rack and pinion arrangement.

Rack and pinion gears normally change rotary motion into linear motion, but sometimes we use them to change linear motion into rotary motion.

CONTINUED.. The axis of the pinion is coupled with the sprocket

arrangement. The axis of the smaller sprocket is coupled to a

gear arrangement. Finally the gear arrangement is coupled with the

generator

BLOCK DIAGRAM

VOLTAGE GENERATED (VS) SPEED OF VEHICLE

Speed of vehicle(km\hr)

Voltage generated

(volts) 10 20 30 40 50

7.93 6.28 5.03 4.66 3.03

VOLTAGE GENERATED (VS) LOAD

Load(kgs) Voltage generated(V)

60(man load) 130 170 200 270

8.33 9.45 10.22 11.23 11.81

merits demerits

Low Budget electricity production

Less floor area No obstruction to traffic Suitable at parking of

multiplexes, malls, toll booths, signals, etc.

We have to check mechanism from time to time

It can get rusted in rainy season

May not work with light weight vehicles

Less quantity

SCOPE AND USES

This mechanism is very economical and easy to install.

Two protocols of this type of speed breakers are developed in India .not practically implemented till date.

Practically implemented in New Jersy,China and Indonesia.

Lots of researches and investgations are going on to practically utilise this technique

.

CONCLUSION The existing source of energy such as coal, oil etc

may not be adequate to meet the ever increasing energy demands. These conventional sources of energy are also depleting and may be exhausted.

These are some non-conventional methods of producing energy. This project is a one step to path of exploring the possibilities of energy from several non-conventional energy sources.

THANK YOU