The English

Language

By Paulina Escobar A.

English

Can be defined

throughcomparing

Its origin And

historyOld

EnglishModernEnglish

1 2

The origin and history of the English Language

British Isles

Firstly the

were

inhabited

by

Many people

at least 50,000 years

1

However

Nobody knows

the

Languages spoken

in

The British Isles

Until

the arrival

Of the CELTS

Around 3,000 years ago

whospoke

CELTICS Language

sWhich

Still survives in

But they are not considered English

Celtics languages

derives

Which are

Irish Englis

hScottish English

Nevertheless.

from

Two varieties

of English

Then

The Roman Empire

arrived

To the British Isles

LATIN

Had a strong

influence

Celtic languages

Germanic Languages

on

and

In fact

Some words

wall

kitchenwine

street

mile

Were borrowed from latin into germanic and

vice versa

In 449

English officially starts

when

The Germanic tribes

andTheir

languagescontact

The Frisian

s

The Angles

TheSaxons

TheJutes

The British Isles

Maybe they spoke a North Sea Germanic

Map of the Germanic migrations

English

startedas a

Germanic dialect

spoken

In a small

part of ENGLAN

D

Today

Is spoken

By lot of people

In

The world

English

derives from

Germanic Language

but part of its

Vocabulary

Came from

Latin French

and

Some words taken from

French and Latin Languages

machine

peoplepoor

society

administration

member

street

patient

2Modern English

Old English

Un scylun hergan hefaenricaes uard

‘Now we should praise the guardian of the heavenly kingdom’.

5 words Lack of grammatical

words

Not letter ‘V’

ofthe

we

Hefaen(heaven)

in

10 words Presence of grammatical

words

Different pronunciation

Modern English

has

13 or 14 different vowels At least 25

consonants

has

Syllable structure

the

is

complex

Strikes splits

Have 3 consonants at the beginning and 2 at the end.

One important aspect

Is that within

Variaties

there are

A language

Regional variation

such as

Social class variation

Registervariation

Level of formality variation

The science that studies these varieties is called “sociolinguistics”

Also

there are

Externalchange

Internal change

and1 2

Both changes affect the language

External

change

1

Are produced by

Language

contact

Between

Speakers of different

languages

Innovation by speake

rs

Issues of

political or social identit

y

Some external events that affected the process of the English language

Celtics language

Added many geographical

names

KentAvon

Dover, etc

500 BC

Roman invasion

Added some words

wine street

43 AD

The arrival of Normans

793

Introduced LATIN

WORDS

abbotaltar

600

The arrival of Scandinavian

languages

Words such as

egg legcall,Etc.

Maybe the end of Old English is a result of scandinavian influence

on grammar

1066

The conversion of Christianity

French became the language of

nobility

some words were added

government authority judge

3

21

There are three stages of the English language.

External events that contributed with the development of the English language

Early modern Modern

Internal change

2

Occurs

Within the language

For example

Changes in vowels or

consonants

ham skip

Changed into

home ship

Internally

There is

A difference between

Old English

Modern English

has

Numerous endings

uses

More grammatical words