powered by the sun
TRANSCRIPT
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POWERED BY THE SUNAlex Moundalexis
@technmsg
Slides: github.com/technmsg/sun-powered
CC BY 4.0
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WHY ME?18 months w/ solar panels
practical knowledge
computery guy by training and trade
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WHY PEOPLE CHOOSE SOLAR?reduce dependency on non-renewables
reduce utility bills
insulate against future energy costs
increase home resale value
cool factor
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SOLAR PV 101
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RESIDENTIAL PV SYSTEM
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0. SUNLIGHT
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the sun delivers more energy to Earth in one hour thanhumanity consumes over the course of a year
-- MIT Technology Review
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1. SOLAR PV MODULES
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Photovoltaics is the direct conversion of light intoelectricity at the atomic level.
-- NASA
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remember solar calculators?
ever notice that old ones get flaky?
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Photons strike and ionize semiconductor material on thesolar panel, causing outer electrons to break free of their
atomic bonds. -- Solar Energy Industries Association
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solar panel output degrade over time
most manufacturers warrant ~80% of rated power a�er 25 years
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2. INVERTER
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converts direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC)
(apologies to Nikola Tesla)
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2A. PRODUCTION METER
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measures what the system produces
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3. FUSEBOX
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backfeeding
bus bars don't care about the source of power
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4. BATTERY (OPTIONAL)
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expensive
heavy
maintenance
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5. METER
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by default, meters measure absolute usage
net metering
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6. GRID
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ACQUISITION
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PURCHASEyou own it
all the incentives
cash up front / special loans
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LEASE / PPAvendor-owned
buy power per-kWh
typically zero down
no incentives
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COMMUNITY SOLARshared roo�ops & spaces
shared costs
shared incentives
co-op style
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PICKING A VENDORshop around
savings calculations (kWh)
3rd party contractors
reputation
local presence
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PAPERWORK
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INSPECTIONroof: dimensions, orientation, gotchas
attic: truss spacing
electrical: panel
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SYSTEM DESIGNCAD drawing
power output report: accounts for dimensions, orientation, roof pitch, shade,time of year
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INTERCONNECTnotifies utility of intent to generate power
proper billing
safety for utility workers
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HOA APPROVALSsolar easements and rights laws
(tedious)
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SREC REGISTRATIONSolar Renewable Energy Credit
1 MW = 1 credit
commodity market
typically sold via aggregator to utilities
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EXAMPLE SYSTEM #116 SunPower panels
SunPower inverter
3.92 kW
purchase
17,000 USD
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EXAMPLE SYSTEM #224 Yingli panels
SolarEdge inverter
6.63 kW
20 year PPA @ 11.3¢/kWh
zero down
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EXAMPLE SYSTEM #320 unknown panels
unknown inverter
6.25 kW
20 year PPA @ 6.1¢/kWh
7300 USD pre-paid in full
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INSTALLATION DAY
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BEFORE
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DURING
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AFTER
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ACTIVATION
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waiting...
for a County inspector to check structure & electrical
for the power company to install the net meter
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(anticlimactic)
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BREAK?
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IMPACT
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DAILYwith net metering, usage unchanged
most days production > usage
w/o net metering, migrate demanding tasks to daytime
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Energy Produced on 2 May 2016
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MONTHLYproduction varies by season
no maintenance required
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Energy Products in 2015
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LONG TERM12 months in...
85% of my electrical needs
50% expenses recouped
payoff expected in 5-6 years
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MONITORING
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Dashboard
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GAMIFICATIONinevitable, given data
measure everything
minimize usage
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DAILY USAGE
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BIG USES2 kWh - fridge
2 kWh - always-only Internet**** fiber ONT, router, UPS, two wireless routers, Chromecast, VOiP bridge, VOiP handsets, core switch
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LIGHTINGlargely overlooked
inefficient incandescent
3-way bulb > entertainment center
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ELECTRONICSmost modern electronics are wildly efficient
1 kWh - 8 hrs WFH: laptop, monitor, speakers
¼ kWh - stream a movie on home theater
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STANDBY CONSUMPTION
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INKJET PRINTER1.4W standby
0.1W powered off
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DELL FLAT-PANEL35-45W in operation
3.7W standby
3.6W powered off
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DOWNSIZING
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HOME SERVERDell PowerEdge SC 440
100W = 72 kWh/month = $9.36
vs
Raspberry Pi B+
1.6W = 1.5 kWh/month = 20¢
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(ENERGY) PRODUCTION DATAREST API
web scraping
to automate browser activitySelenium
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ENPHASE
The allows mobile apps, buildingmanagement tools and other so�ware applications to
access and use system performance data. --
Enlighten API
Enphase Support
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SOLARCITY
The PowerGuide API is a RESTful service that can beinvoked from any HTTP client, and allows you to query
PowerGuide Data. -- PowerGuide API documentation
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SUNPOWER
The API was developed for our flex applications and thereare no plans to make it available to 3rd party developers.
-- @sunpower
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CSVInterval Start Date,Energy (kWh) 2016-05-14T05:00:00,0 2016-05-14T06:00:00,0.040 2016-05-14T07:00:00,0.160 2016-05-14T08:00:00,0.270 2016-05-14T09:00:00,0.390 2016-05-14T10:00:00,0.930 2016-05-14T11:00:00,1.440 2016-05-14T12:00:00,1.530 2016-05-14T13:00:00,2.780 2016-05-14T14:00:00,0.810
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SPECIAL THANKSFreedom Solar Power
SunPower
(show and tell goodies)
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MORE WORDSBlog: Going Solar
bit.ly/v2-solar
Get solar (via SunPower)
bit.ly/get-solar
Slides
github.com/technmsg/sun-powered