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Powerpoint Obtained from:. http://msjensen.cehd.umn.edu/webanatomy/muscular/Musc_action_flashcards.ppt. Anatomy Muscles Flashcards. Origins and Insertions Intended for entry level anatomy students. Anatomy Muscles Flashcards. Origins and Insertions. Intended to be viewed as full-screen…. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Powerpoint Obtained from:
http://msjensen.cehd.umn.edu/webanatomy/muscular/Musc_action_flashcards.ppt
![Page 2: Powerpoint Obtained from:](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062500/56815294550346895dc0ba7d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Intended for entry level anatomy students
![Page 3: Powerpoint Obtained from:](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062500/56815294550346895dc0ba7d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Intended to be viewed as full-screen….
select full-screen, and use “Page Down” to scroll through individual “flashcards” !
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Note: Learn origins and insertions of each muscle well.
This is why the bony landmarks are so important.
Do not memorize the function of muscles !
Muscles contract only linearly.
Thus, to know the origin and insertion of a muscle is to know the function.
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Note: Every muscle has a multitude of actions.
Listed are the primary actions of each muscle !
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Presented in Three Parts:
I – Muscles of Face, head, neck, thorax, and abdomen
II – Muscles of the upper extremity
III – Muscles of the lower extremity
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Each card is a set of three:
The first asks to identify the muscle.
The next provides the clues.
The third gives the name of the muscle.
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1. Identify this muscle and its action !
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1. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: margin of the orbit
• Insertion: eyelid & skin of face
• Action: closes eye, blink
• Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)
Orbicularis Oculi
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2. Identify this muscle and its action !
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2. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Maxilla and mandible
• Insertion: Fibers of the lips
• Action: Compresses lips
• Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)
Orbicularis oris
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3. Identify this muscle and its action !
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3. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Zygomatic bone
• Insertion: mandible
• Action: Elevates mandible, closes jaws, chewing (“mastication”)
• Innervation: Mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (CN V3)
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3. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Zygomatic bone
• Insertion: mandible
• Action: Elevates mandible, closes jaws, chewing (“mastication”)
• Innervation: Mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (CN V3)
Masseter
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4. Identify this muscle and its action !
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4. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: manubrium and clavicle• Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone• Action: Flexes head at neck (both right and left muscles working together),
or bends neck toward shoulder and turns face away (one-side only)• Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
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4. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: manubrium and clavicle• Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone• Action: Flexes head at neck (both right and left muscles working together),
or bends neck toward shoulder and turns face away (one-side only)• Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Sternocleidomastoid
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5. Identify this muscle and its action !
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5. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Inferior clavicle and fascia of chest• Insertion: Inferior surface of mandible• Action: Draws corners of mouth inferiorly and tenses skin of the neck by
drawing it superiorly• Innervation: Cervical Branch of Facial Nerve (CN VII)
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5. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Inferior clavicle and fascia of chest• Insertion: Inferior surface of mandible• Action: Draws corners of mouth inferiorly and tenses skin of the neck by
drawing it superiorly• Innervation: Cervical Branch of Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Platysma
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6. Identify this muscle and its action !
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6. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Inferior border of rib• Insertion: Superior border of inferior rib• Action: Elevates ribs• Innervation: Intercostal nerves
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6. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Inferior border of rib• Insertion: Superior border of inferior rib• Action: Elevates ribs• Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Hint: External intercostals run in the same direction as your fingers when you put your hands in your pockets
External Intercostals
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7. Identify this muscle and its action !
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7. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Superior border of inferior rib• Insertion: Inferior border of superior rib• Action: Depresses ribs• Innervation: Intercostal nerves
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7. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Superior border of inferior rib• Insertion: Inferior border of superior rib• Action: Depresses ribs• Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Hint: Internal intercostals run in the direction that your fingers run when you place your hands on your heart (i.e. deep and perpendicular to external intercostal muscles)
Internal Intercostals
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Origin: originates on the inferior border of the rib cage
Insertion: inserts on the central tendon.
Action: Flattens when it contracts to increase area of thorax and inflate lungs.
Innervation: Phrenic nerve (C3,4,5)
8. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Respiratory Diaphragm
Origin: originates on the inferior border of the rib cage
Insertion: inserts on the central tendon.
Action: Flattens when it contracts to increase area of thorax and inflate lungs.
Innervation: Phrenic nerve (C3,4,5)
8. Identify this muscle and its action !
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9. Identify this muscle and its action !
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9. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: External, inferior borders of ribs• Insertion: linea alba and iliac crest• Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen• Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Note that the muscle fibers run in the direction that your fingers run when you put your hands in your pockets.
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9. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: External, inferior borders of ribs• Insertion: linea alba and iliac crest• Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen• Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Note that the muscle fibers run in the direction that your fingers run when you put your hands in your pockets.
External Oblique Abdominus
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10. Identify this muscle and its action !
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10. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Pubis
• Insertion: costal cartilages and xiphoid process
• Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen
• Innervation: Intercostal nerves
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10. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Pubis
• Insertion: costal cartilages and xiphoid process
• Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen
• Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Rectus abdominus
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Presented in Three Parts:
I – Muscles of Face, head, neck, thorax, and abdomen
II – Muscles of the upper extremity
III – Muscles of the lower extremity
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11. Identify this muscle and its action !
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11. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae• Insertion: Clavicle and scapula• Action: elevation of scapulae• Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
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11. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae• Insertion: Clavicle and scapula• Action: elevation of scapulae• Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Trapezius
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12. Identify this muscle and its action !
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12. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: vertebral spinous processes, iliac crest, and ribs
• Insertion: Intertubercular groove and lesser tubercle (humerus
(common insertion with teres major muscle).
• Action: Adduction of arm at shoulder
• Innervation: spinal nerves (C6-C8)
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12. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: vertebral spinous processes, iliac crest, and ribs
• Insertion: Intertubercular groove and lesser tubercle of humerus
(common insertion with teres major muscle).
• Action: Adduction of arm at shoulder
• Innervation: spinal nerves (C6-C8)
Latissimus dorsi
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Anterior view
I13. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Anterior view
I13. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Subscapular fossa
• Insertion: Lesser tubercle (humerus)
• Action: Medial rotation of shoulder
• Innervation: spinal nerve from posterior cord of brachial plexus
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Anterior view
I13. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Subscapular fossa
• Insertion: Lesser tubercle (humerus)
• Action: Medial rotation of arm at shoulder
• Innervation: spinal nerve from posterior cord of brachial plexus
Subscapularis(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)
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Anterior viewposterior view
14. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Anterior viewposterior view
14. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Supraspinous fossa
• Insertion: Greater tubercle
• Action: abduct arm at shoulder
• Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus
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Anterior viewposterior view
14. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Supraspinous fossa
• Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus)
• Action: abduct arm at shoulder
• Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus
Supraspinatus(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)
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15. Identify this muscle and its action !
Anterior viewposterior view
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15. Identify this muscle and its action !
Anterior viewposterior view
• Origin: Infraspinous fossa
• Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus)
• Action: Lateral rotation of arm at shoulder
• Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus
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Anterior viewposterior view
15. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Infraspinous fossa
• Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus)
• Action: Lateral rotation of arm at shoulder
• Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus
Infraspinatus(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)
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posterior view
16. Identify this muscle and its action !
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posterior view
16. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: lateral border of scapula
• Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus)
• Action: Laterally rotates arm at shoulder
• Innervation: Axillary nerve
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posterior view
16. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: lateral border of scapula
• Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus)
• Action: Laterally rotates arm at shoulder
• Innervation: Axillary nerve
Teres Minor(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)
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Anterior viewposterior view
17. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Anterior viewposterior view
17. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: clavicle and scapula
• Insertion: deltoid tuberosity (humerus)
• Action: ab-duct arm at shoulder
(similar to supraspinatus)
• Innervation: Axillary nerve
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Anterior viewposterior view
17. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: clavicle and scapula
• Insertion: deltoid tuberosity (humerus)
• Action: ab-duct arm at shoulder
(similar to supraspinatus)
• Innervation: Axillary nerve
Deltoid
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18. Identify this muscle and its action !
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18. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: clavicle, costal cartilage, and sternum
• Insertion: Greater tubercle
• Action: flex arm at shoulder
• Innervation: Pectoral nerves (spinal nerves from brachial plexus)
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18. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: clavicle, costal cartilage, and sternum
• Insertion: Greater tubercle
• Action: flex arm at shoulder
• Innervation: Pectoral nerves (spinal nerves from brachial plexus)
Pectoralis major
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19. Identify this muscle and its action !
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19. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Long Head: Supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
Short Head: Coracoid process (scapula)• Insertion: Radial tuberosity• Action: flex forearm at elbow and supinate forearm/ hand at elbow
(a two-joint muscle)• Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
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19. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Long Head: Supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
Short Head: Coracoid process (scapula)• Insertion: Radial tuberosity• Action: flex forearm at elbow and supinate forearm/ hand at elbow
(a two-joint muscle)• Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
Biceps brachii
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Anterior view
Posterior view
20. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Anterior viewPosterior view20. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin of Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
Medial Head: Posterior, lateral humerus
Lateral Head: Posterior, medial humerus
• Insertion: Olecranon (ulna)
• Action: Extend forearm at elbow
• Innervation: Radial nerve
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Anterior viewPosterior view20. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin of Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
Medial Head: Posterior, lateral humerus
Lateral Head: Posterior, medial humerus
• Insertion: Olecranon (ulna)
• Action: Extend forearm at elbow
• Innervation: Radial nerve
Triceps brachii
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21. Identify this muscle and its action !
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21. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
• Insertion: Base of fifth metacarpal
• Action: Extend and adduct hand at the wrist
• Innervation: Posterior Interosseus Nerve, a branch of the Radial Nerve
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21. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
• Insertion: Base of fifth metacarpal
• Action: Extend and adduct hand at the wrist
• Innervation: Posterior Interosseus Nerve, a branch of the Radial Nerve
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
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22. Identify this muscle and its action !
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22. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
• Insertion: Base of second and third metacarpals
• Action: Flex and abduct hand at the wrist
• Innervation: Median Nerve
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22. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
• Insertion: Base of second and third metacarpals
• Action: Flex and abduct hand at the wrist
• Innervation: Median Nerve
Flexor Carpi Radialis
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Presented in Three Parts:
I – Muscles of Face, head, neck, thorax, and abdomen
II – Muscles of the upper extremity
III – Muscles of the lower extremity
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23. Identify this muscle and its action !
Posterior view
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Posterior view• Origin: iliac crest, sacrum
• Insertion: iliotibial tract, linea aspera
• Action: extension of thigh at hip and lateral rotation of thigh
• Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
23. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Posterior view
Gluteus Maximus
23. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: iliac crest, sacrum
• Insertion: iliotibial tract, linea aspera
• Action: extension of thigh at hip and lateral rotation of thigh
• Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
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24. Identify this muscle and its action !
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• Origin: iliac crest
• Insertion: Greater trochanter
• Action: Abduction and medial rotation of thigh at the hip
• Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
24. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Gluteus Medius
24. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: iliac crest
• Insertion: Greater trochanter
• Action: Abduction and medial rotation of thigh at the hip
• Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
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25. Identify this muscle and its action !
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• Origin: Lateral surface of ilium
• Insertion: Greater trochanter
• Action: Abduction, medial rotation at hip
• Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
25. Identify this muscle and its action !
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• Origin: Lateral surface of ilium
• Insertion: Greater trochanter
• Action: Abduction, medial rotation at hip
• Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Gluteus Minimus
25. Identify this muscle and its action !
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26. Identify this muscle and its action !
Posterior view
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26. Identify this muscle and its action !
Posterior view• Origin: ischial tuberosity
• Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia
• Action: flex leg at knee
• Innervation: Tibial nerve
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26. Identify this muscle and its action !
Posterior view• Origin: ischial tuberosity
• Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia
• Action: flex leg at knee
• Innervation: Tibial nerve
Semimembranosus
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27. Identify this muscle and its action !
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27. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Ischial tuberosity
• Insertion: Medial surface of superior tibia,
via pes anserinus
• Action: flex leg at knee
• Innervation: Tibial nerve
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27. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Ischial tuberosity
• Insertion: Medial surface of superior tibia,
via pes anserinus
• Action: flex leg at knee
• Innervation: Tibial nerve
Semitendinosus
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28. Identify this muscle and its action !
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28. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: ischial tuberosity
• Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia
• Action: flex leg at knee
• Innervation: Tibial nerve
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28. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: ischial tuberosity
• Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia
• Action: flex leg at knee
• Innervation: Tibial nerve
Biceps Femoris, Long-Head
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29. Identify this muscle and its action !
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29. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: linea aspera
• Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia
• Action: flex leg at knee
• Innervation: common fibular nerve
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29. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: linea aspera
• Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia
• Action: flex leg at knee
• Innervation: common fibular nerve
Biceps Femoris, Short-Head
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30. Identify this muscle and its action !
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30. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
• Insertion: Medial side of superior tibia,
via pes anserinus
• Action: flex thigh at hip & flex leg at knee
• Innervation: Femoral nerve
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30. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
• Insertion: Medial side of superior tibia,
via pes anserinus
• Action: flex thigh at hip & flex leg at knee
• Innervation: Femoral nerve
Sartorius
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31. Identify this muscle and its action !
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31. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine
• Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris
• Action: Flex thigh at hip & extend leg at knee
• Innervation: Femoral nerve
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31. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine
• Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris
• Action: Flex thigh at hip & extend leg at knee
• Innervation: Femoral nerve
Rectus Femoris
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32. Identify this muscle and its action !
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32. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Intertrochanteric line
• Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris
• Action: Extend leg at knee
• Innervation: Femoral nerve
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32. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Intertrochanteric line
• Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris
• Action: Extend leg at knee
• Innervation: Femoral nerve
Vastus Medialis
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33. Identify this muscle and its action !
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33. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Greater trochanter
• Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris
• Action: Extend leg at knee
• Innervation: Femoral nerve
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33. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Greater trochanter
• Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris
• Action: Extend leg at knee
• Innervation: Femoral nerve
Vastus Lateralis
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34. Identify this muscle and its action !
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34. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Anterolateral surface of femur
• Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris
• Action: Extend leg at knee
• Innervation: Femoral nerve
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34. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Anterolateral surface of femur
• Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris
• Action: Extend leg at knee
• Innervation: Femoral nerve
Vastus Intermedius
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35. Identify this muscle and its action !
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35. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Femoral condyles
• Insertion: Calcaneus, via calcaneal tendon
• Action: Plantar flexion of foot at ankle
• Innervation: Tibial nerve
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35. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: Femoral condyles
• Insertion: Calcaneus, via calcaneal tendon
• Action: Plantar flexion of foot at ankle
• Innervation: Tibial nerve
Gastrocnemius
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36. Identify this muscle and its action !
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36. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: tibia
• Insertion: 1st metatarsal
• Action: Extension (dorsiflexion) of foot at ankle, inversion of foot
• Innervation: Deep fibular nerve
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36. Identify this muscle and its action !
• Origin: tibia
• Insertion: 1st metatarsal
• Action: Extension (dorsiflexion) of foot at ankle, inversion of foot
• Innervation: Deep fibular nerve
Tibialis Anterior
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Structures that you should study!
Flexor and extensor retinacula (of wrist and ankle)
Without these, muscle tendons would “bow-string” and make it very difficult to perform their function.
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This project was made possible by:
Rachel Uppgaard (Human Anatomy TA, 2007- present)
and artwork by
Jimmy Chue-mai Yang (TA, 2005-2006)