powerpoint presentation · • liverpool city council: cdm 2007 r9(1) –£15,000 & £100,000...
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CDM 2015
Professor Billy Hare School of Engineering & Built Environment
School of Engineering & Built Environment GCU
GCU
£444m to Scottish Economy
17,335 Students
95% Graduate Employment
School of E.B.E.
Largest Scottish B.E. Students
High Scottish B.E. Research
New BSc (Hon) H&S Mgt.
H&S Research: BIM; SCB; Skill Decay, Migrant Workers
CPD: CDM; W@H; S.L.W.E.
Industry Eng.: IOSH; CITB; CDM (PD Guidance); CIOB; ICE; KTP
Aim of Today’s Briefing Session
Aim
• Introduction and overview of CDM 2015
• Roles of Duty Holders
• Summary of recent Court Cases
CDM 2015: Structure of Regulations
Part 1: (1) Citation (2) Interpretation (3) Application
Part 2: (4) Client (5) Appointments (6) Notification (7) Domestic Clients
Part 3: (8) General (9&10) Designer & GB (11) PD (12) CPP H&SF (13&14) PC (15) Contractor
Part 4: (16 – 35) Site HS&W
Part 5: (36) Fire Regulation; (37) Transitional (38) Amendments (39) Review
Schedules: (1) F10 (2) Welfare (3) High Risk Activities (4) Transitional (5) Amendments
Appendix: (1) Principles of Prevention (2) PCI (3) CPP (4) H&SF (5) Interaction (6) Domestic C
HSE: Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015,
Guidance L153
CITB/CONIAC Guidance
Each Duty Holder
CDM 2015: Guidance
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l153.pdf
http://www.citb.co.uk/health-safety-and-other-topics/health-safety/construction-design-and-
management-regulations/cdm-guidance-documents/
Clien
t
Pri
ncip
al
Desig
ner
Desig
ner
Pri
ncip
al
Co
ntr
acto
r
Co
ntr
acto
r &
Wo
rker
Management Arrangements Appointments Notification
Eliminate Reduce Inform Control
Plan Manage Monitor
Co-Ord. H&S
Skills Knowledge Experience
Training Supervision
General Duties:
SKE, Org. Capability, Co-op, Report, Info.
Site
HS&W
Plan Manage Monitor
Co-Ord. H&S
Duty Holders
Com
merc
ial C
lient
Regulation 4
Regulation 5
Regulation 6
Regulation 8(4)(6)
Commercial Client Guidance Reg 4
Make suitable arrangements to manage H&S, secure welfare facilities.
Ensure management arrangements are maintained and reviewed.
Provide PCI.
Ensure CPP in place prior to start of construction phase.
Ensure PD prepares, updates and makes available the H&SF.
Ensure PD & PC comply with all their duties.
Pass H&SF to new Client.
Election when there is more than one Client.
Reg 5
Appoint PD & PC as soon as practicable,
Client by default; More than 1 Contractor
Reg 6
Notification F10: Over 30 days & more 20 workers or over 500 p/d
Reg 8
General duties
Do
me
stic C
lient
Regulation 7
Domestic Client Guidance
Reg 7
Duties carried out by
• Contractor
• PC (if more than 1)
• PD (by written agreement)
Default PD & PC
• Designer in Control PD
• Contractor in Control PC
Reg 16(3)
• If Client ‘controls’ construction work
then subject to Part 4 Duties
Client Fine £120,000 after fatal fall
BBC News July 2016
• Unsupervised
• Installing black-out
covers
• No fall protection
• New sentencing
guidelines could mean
£m’s for future
Council fined after man dies and another
injured in roadworks
• Both incidents during major resurfacing works
• 74yr man hit by a car while using crossing at temporary lights
• Temp. pedestrian lights not working; no alternative provided
• Following month, 69yr old killed attempting to cross a single lane of traffic on the same road; changes had been made to the traffic control lights
Enterprise Liverpool Limited: • failed to ensure the designs for the traffic management
were checked or approved
• failed to ensure the construction plan for
pedestrian routes and provision of barriers
was being followed
• at the time of the incidents provided no safe
means of pedestrians crossing the works
area or the carriageway
• Tarmac Trading Limited…
Tarmac Trading Limited:
Responsible for the provision and installation of the traffic and pedestrian management:
• 1st Incident - failed to provide alternative assistance for pedestrians at the time of the first incident despite it being known that the temporary lights were broken
• temporary bus stop had also been placed in the middle of the road at the crossing
• 2nd Incident - temporary lights had been removed but no alternative control measures were put in place to enable pedestrians to cross the live lane of traffic
• large A-frame sign was placed on the crossing obscuring the view of both pedestrians and motorists
Sentencing:
• Liverpool City Council: CDM 2007 R9(1)
– £15,000 & £100,000 costs
• Enterprise Liverpool Limited: CDM 2007 R22(1)
– £25,000 & £80,000 costs
• Tarmac Trading Limited: HASAWA S3(1)
• fined £1.3 million and ordered to pay £130,000 costs
Client:
Arrangements
PC: Plan
Manage Monitor Contract
or
safety
of
others
(public)
Prin
cip
al D
esig
ne
r
Regulation 8
Regulation 11
Regulation 12
PD Guidance
Reg 11
Plan manage monitor pre-construction phase & coordinate H&S.
Apply general principles of prevention (and content of CDM
documents) to technical, organisational, stage planning, and
time aspects of the work.
Identify, eliminate or control foreseeable risks for: construction,
maintenance, cleaning, use/workplace.
Ensure Designers comply with duties.
Ensure cooperation with Client, PD and each other.
Assist Client with PCI, provide PCI to others. Liaise with PC.
Reg 12
Assist PC with CPP using PCI & other info.
Prepare H&SF:- Ensure Reviewed Updated Revised
Pass H&SF to C. or PC if role ends
Reg 8
General duties
Level 1 Unaware
Level 2 Compliance
Level 3 Proactive
Level 4 Natural
Developing the PD role:
HSE’s expectations
Delegate H&S
to CDMC
Use of ‘non-active’
Designers (Ex-
CDMC) as PD
‘Active’ designers
undertaking PD
with Ex-CDMC
support
Lead Designer
Automatically PD
No support
Pre-Oct. 2015 Next 2 Years 1 - 5 Years 5+ Years
Oxford Architects Fined £195,000
Desig
ner
Regulation 8
Regulation 9
Regulation 10
Designer Guidance
Reg 9
Client aware of duties.
Apply general principles of prevention (and content of PCI)
to eliminate foreseeable risks relating to construction,
maintenance, cleaning and use as a workplace.
Reduce or control risks and provide appropriate info. to
PD for PCI and H&SF.
Include with design, info. about design/construct/
maintenance to help others.
Reg 10
Design outside GB:- Person who commissions or
Client if person is outside GB ensures Reg 9, Not Dom.C
Reg 8
General duties
Luton Airport & Designer
The HSE said the crossing should have had Belisha beacons, zigzag lines and a stop-line at least 1m from the start of the crossing.
Judge Philip Bartle QC said: "There was a foreseeable risk of injury or death to pedestrians and the seriousness is that LLAOL exposed eight million to nine million visitors a year to that risk.“
The court heard that the crossing had been altered following the death of Ms Whiting and the size and number of heavy vehicles using the road had been reduced.
The two companies were not charged with offences specifically relating to Ms Whiting's death.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-beds-bucks-herts-24582857
Result of site tour with maintenance team
How easy to change
this light bulb?
Easily replaced
Light fitting descends from ceiling
Design for Health:
Reduced on-site cutting (dust)
Planning for Health:
Eliminate generator diesel exhaust
Prin
cip
al C
on
tra
cto
r
Regulation 8
Regulation 12
Regulation 13
Regulation 14
PC Guidance Reg 8
General duties
Reg 13
Plan manage monitor construction phase and coordinate H&S.
Apply general principles of prevention to technical, organisational,
stage planning, and time aspects of the work.
Cooperation and coordination of [Sub] Contractors, including their
legal requirements; employers/ self-employed application of
general principles of prevention to Part 4, and follow CPP.
Requirements: induction, controlled access, welfare facilities.
Reg 14 Worker Engagement
Co-operate on develop/promote/check H&S;
consult in good time; Inspections (Some exclusions)
Reg 12
Prepare/arrange for CPP; Arrangements, Rules, Sch3 work
Ensure CPP Reviewed Updated Revised
Pass info. to PD for H&SF; Receive H&SF if PD ends:-
Ensure H&SF Reviewed Updated Revised & Pass to C.
Contr
acto
r
Regulation 8
Regulation 15
Contractor Guidance Reg 8
General duties
Reg 15
Client aware of duties.
Plan manage monitor own work to ensure worker H&S.
If more than one Contractor:
• comply with PD/PC directions; follow PC’s CPP.
If the only Contractor:
• apply general principles of prevention to technical,
organisational, stage planning, time aspects of their work.
• prepare/arrange for CPP.
Only appoint and put to work, people with (or obtaining) skills
knowledge training and experience.
Supervision, instruction and information.
Specific information for workers: induction (if not covered by PC),
emergencies, risk assessment, other contractors’ activities, other
statutory provisions.
Prevent unauthorised access before work starts.
Ensure welfare facilities in place.
Bulgarian contractor hit with huge
£500K safety fine (Aug 2016)
CDM Documentation
The paperwork…
• Projects: » >30 days & 20 workers on site at same time or
» 500p/d
» Including Dom. Client
• Content:
• See Schedule 1
• No actual form
• (online submission)
https://extranet.hse.gov.uk/lfserver/external/f10
Notification (F10)
• PCI provides a basis for the preparation of the CPP
• May also be relevant to H&SF
• Defined as:
“information about the project that is already in the client’s possession or which is
reasonably obtainable by or on behalf of the client”
• Relevant to the project
• Appropriate level of detail
• Proportionate to level of H&S risk
“Preliminary information gathered at the start of the project is unlikely to be sufficient.”
CDM Documentation: PCI
Contents Examples
Project Info. Client Brief & key dates for
Construction Phase
Planning & Management
Arrangements
Resources; Time; Co-ordination
Meetings
H&S Hazards & how they will be
addressed
Existing site hazards; Design
Hazards
Any other relevant info. Exiting H&S File
CDM Documentation: PCI
• Convenient form and easily understandable
• Evolve as project progresses towards Construction Phase
• Assess for adequacy and gaps
• Commission surveys to fill any gaps
• Provide PCI to every Designer and Contractor (assisted by PD)
• Engaged; tendering; or employed on the project
Client fined for inadequate PCI
• No refurbishment and demolition survey conducted
• Two workers stripped out the AIB without any effective precautions
• Received significant exposure to asbestos fibres
• Asbestos can be found in any building built before the year 2000
• Firestone Estates Limited, fined £10,000 and were ordered to pay
£1020.64 in costs with a £1,000 victim surcharge.
April 2016
• Cable strike: two workers excavated for installation of drainage
• bucket of excavator came into contact with a 20kV underground
electric cable
• Both workers avoided injury, but was an HSE investigation
• Egger (Client) provided out of date services diagram
• Failed to update this diagram following the earlier work
• Egger (UK) Ltd fined £8000 + costs
• Today’s fines consider turnover (£); ‘risk’ (not the consequence);
increased fine for multiple people at risk: up to £3m
Client fined: out of date PCI
March 2014
CDM Documentation: CPP
• Construction Phase Plan includes:
• H&S arrangements
• Site rules
• Specific measures covering high risk work (Schedule 3)
• Information should:
• Be relevant to the project
• Sufficient detail covering above items
• Still proportionate to H&S risks
• Not Generic RAMS
Construction Phase Plan Contents
Description of project; key dates; key
members of the project team
Management Arrangements:
• the health and safety aims for the project;
• the site rules;
• arrangements to ensure co-op. and co-
ord. of work e.g. regular site meetings;
• arrangements for involving workers;
• site induction;
• welfare facilities; and
• fire and emergency procedures
Control measures for high risk activities in
Schedule 3
CDM Documentation: CPP
• Developed from the PCI
• Drawn up before
Construction Phase begins
• Client assess adequacy
• Client ensure remains “fit for
purpose”
CDM Documentation: Shc. 3 Work where…
1. risk of burial under earthfalls, engulfment in swampland or falling from a height,
aggravated by the nature of the work, processes or environment;
2. puts workers at risk from chemical or biological substances requiring health
monitoring;
3. ionizing radiation per regulation 16 of the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999;
4. near high voltage power lines;
5. exposing workers to the risk of drowning;
6. on wells, underground earthworks and tunnels;
7. carried out by divers having a system of air supply;
8. carried out by workers in caissons with a compressed air atmosphere;
9. involving the use of explosives;
10. involving the assembly or dismantling of heavy prefabricated components.
• Contain relevant H&S information for any subsequent project » E.g. maintenance; cleaning; refurbishment or demolition
CDM Documentation: H&SF
Contents
Description of the work carried out
Residual hazards and how they are to be controlled
Key structural principles (pre/post tension; SWL of floors/roofs)
Hazardous materials used (e.g. lead paints)
How to remove/dismantle fixed plant
How to use equipment to safely clean/maintain structure
Nature, location, marking of (especially hidden) services
As-built drawings (those needed for H&S e.g. access service voids
Note:
• Only required for
projects >1 Contractor
• No C. duty to update
H&SF during use
Taster of CDM Training
CONCEPT & FEASIBILITY
DESIGN & PLANNING
TENDER / SELECTION
CONSTRUCTION COMMISSION
& HANDOVER
OPERATION
& USE
CDM 2015 & Project Life Cycle CDM
F10 & Mgt.
Arrangements
Appointments
PCI PCI
CPP
H&SF to
C H&SF
Use H&SF; Pass on
PD: Plan Manage Monitor Co-ord.
PC: Plan Manage Monitor
Co-ord.
Site HSW
ERI ERI
CDM & Procurement routes
• Client Brief = Design = Tender = Construction (lump sum)
• Optional ‘Contractor Design Portions’
• Popular Domestic Client Option Traditional
• Client’s Requirements = (Initial Design) = D&B Contractor
• D&B Contractor: Design Development (PD & PC)
• Prime Contract: D&B with established supply chain
Design & Build
• Client Brief = Design Team = Contractor (cost + fee) = sub-contractors
• Opportunity for early Contractor Involvement in Design Phase
Management Contracting
• Client + Project Team = Design + Construction often parallel
• Contractor ‘Agent’ (cost + fee); Opportunity for early involvement
• Hands-on Client; quick pace; Client ensure SKE of supply chain
Construction Management
Thresholds & Appointments
CDM 2015 All Projects >30 & > 20 /
500
Multi-
Contractor
One
Contractor
Notification
(F10)
Client
Appointments
(PD & PC)
Client
PCI &
Construction
Phase Plan
PD & PC
Client &
Contractor
H&S File
PD (or PC)
CDM & Project Management Processes
CONCEPT & FEASIBILITY
DESIGN & PLANNING
TENDER / SELECTION
CONSTRUCTION COMMISSION
& HANDOVER
OPERATION
USE/MAINT.
Brief/
Strategy
Feasibility Studies
Project Team
P.E.P.
Design Delivery
Procure Supply Chain
Contracts
Monitor Test &
Commission
Handover Doc’s
Evaluation & Feedback
Client Team
Appoint PD
H&S Objectives
H&S Risk Register/PCI
Appoint PC (if early)
PCI/H&SF
ERIC
H&S Selection Criteria
H&S Standards
Implement CPP
Handover H&SF
Monitor Use of H&SF
App. PC Develop CPP
Hazard & Risk
Work Phase(s)
Element Initial Risk Rating
Risk Owner Designer ERIC Measures Residual Risk Rating
Underground services: Explosion or Electrocution
Construction Phase 1
Under-ground
HIGH M&E Engineer
Alternative Route for new services; Utility Dwg’s made available to PC
LOW
Roof work: falls Construction Phase 2 & Maintenance
Existing Roof
MEDIUM Architect Raised height of parapet with non-penetrative retro fit edge protection
LOW
Working on live site: students & staff
Downtakings, Construction and Maintenance
General site operations
MEDIUM Engineer & Architect
Architect provided layout Dwg’s with separate access routs for contractor traffic; staff decanted from bordering offices
LOW
Connection to heating system; burns
Construction Installation MEDIUM M&E Engineer
Phased for summer when heating system can be shut off
LOW
H&S Risk Register
RED Highway Building Rail Tunnelling Energy
Use of ladders & stepladders
Designs with no provision for segregation
Specifying fragile roofs
Underground plant with no fire suppression devices
Underground designs without adequate ventilation
RAG Lists
RED
Avoid unless there is no alternative. Must be justified and
additional risk mitigation must be included in the design.
AMBER Highway Building Rail Tunnelling Energy
Specification of materials at height needing regular maintenance
Specification of blocks >20kg
Manholes in heavy used vehicle zones
Pipe / service routes crossing walkways
Scheduling works in flood-prone areas during rainy seasons
RAG Lists
AMBER
Use sparingly and carefully. Provide advice and guidance if
these elements need to be incorporated.
AMBER Highway Building Rail Tunnelling Energy
Design permanent access for regular maintenance at height
Pre-fabricate structures off-site for a one-lift installation during construction
Provide fold down lightweight signal structures
Provision of crash protection barriers (e.g. Armco, bollards)
RAG Lists
GREEN
Preferred solutions.