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1

AUTOMOTIVE BRAKING SYAUTOMOTIVE BRAKING SY

STEMSSTEMS

http://www.hunter.com/pub/undercar/index.htmhttp://www.hunter.com/pub/undercar/index.htmhttp://www.hunter.com/pub/undercar/index.htmhttp://www.hunter.com/pub/undercar/index.htmhttp://www.hunter.com/pub/undercar/index.htmhttp://www.hunter.com/pub/undercar/index.htm

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How it WorksHow it Works

Friction develops heat which

absorbs kinetic energy of thecar

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PURPOSE OF BRAKINGPURPOSE OF BRAKING

SYSTEMSYSTEMStop the vehicle by converting the kinetic energy of

the vehicle to heat energy.

Heat energy is created in the brakes by friction.

Friction is created between a moving and a non-

moving surface at each wheel to generate the heat.

isc and drum brakes are the most common type of

braking systems used.

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Factors Effecting Braking*Factors Effecti

ng Braking*

"umber of wheels braking.

#eight of vehicle.

$ype of friction material.

Surface area of friction

material.

Si%e or discs or drums

$ire traction.

&oad surface.

'oad transfer.

(ncline or decline of road.

)gravity*

+ngine braking.,ressure applied

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Types of Braking SystemsTypes of Braking Systems

Service brakes. (ts the

primary braking

system using a thepedal connected to a

hydraulic system

causing it to operate.

Parking brakes. (tsmechanically applied

by a lever or pedal.

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BASIC PARTSBASIC PARTS

,edal assembly

Hydraulic system

,ower booster isc brake assembly

rum brakeassembly

,arking brake

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DISC BRAKESDISC BRAKES

isc brakes use arotating disc withtwo stationary

friction pads that arepressed against torotor by the caliperto create friction and

heat.isc brakes aremore effective atdissipating heat.

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Disc Brake RotorDisc Brake Rotor

RotorRotorPadsPads

CaliperCaliper

PistonPistonBrakeBrake

LineLine

BleederBleederscrewscrew

ThroughThrough

BoltsBolts

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RotorsRotors

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Performance RotorsPerformance Rotors

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CaliperCaliper

4oot,iston

Seal

5aliperHousing

4leed Screw

6-&ing

4ushing

4olts

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Disc Brake PadsDisc Brake Pads

7sbestos

8etallic

Semi-8etallic6rganic

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1!

Wheel ssem!lyWheel ssem!ly

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Disc Brake ssem!lyDisc Brake ssem!ly

D B kD B k

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Drum BrakesDrum Brakes

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Drum BrakesDrum Brakes

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Drum Brake ctionDrum Brake ctionAdjust by drivin in r!v!rs! "nd br"#inAdjust by drivin in r!v!rs! "nd br"#in

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DRUM BRAKESDRUM BRAKES#heel 5ylinder

.4acking ,late

.Secondary 4rake Shoe

9pper &eturn Spring

,arking 4rake 'ever

,rimary 4rake Shoe

,iston

7d:uster

7nchor,in

.'ower &eturn Spring

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Two Types of Drum BrakesTwo Types of Drum Brakes

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Two Types of Drum BrakesTwo Types of Drum Brakes

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$YDRAU%IC SYSTEM$YDRAU%IC SYSTEM

4rake pedal assembly

,ower booster

8aster cylinder ,roportioning valve

8etering valve

#arning light valve

'ines 5alipers

#heel cylinders

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Brake LightBrake LightHydraulic system

fails

,arking brake is on

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"aster Cylinder"aster Cylinder $he master cylinder displaces brake fluid under

pressure to brake system.

#hen brake pedal is depressed; push rod moves the

primary piston forward in the cylinder.Hydraulic pressure created and the force of the

primary piston spring moves the secondary piston

forward.

forward movement of the pistons causes primary

cups to cover bypass holes; hydraulic pressure

builds up and is transmitted to the wheel cylinders.

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"ST#R C$L%&D#R"ST#R C$L%&D#R

pedal retracts; the pistons allow fluid fromthe reservoir to fill the chamber

Special sensors within the master cylinderused to monitor level of fluid in reservoir;and alerts driver if pressure imbalancedevelops.

standard dual master cylinder gives frontand rear brakes separate hydraulic systems.

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"aster Cylinder"aster Cylinder

(f a brake fluid leak occurs in one system;

the other system will still operate; making it

possible to. . .S$6, $H+ 57&

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"aster Cylinder"aster Cylinder

$oFront

4rakes

$o &ear4rakes

8aster

5ylinder

&eservoirs

,ower

4ooster

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2

Reser'oirsReser'oirs

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Reser'oir Pro!lemsReser'oir Pro!lems

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Power Brake BoosterPower Brake BoosterG"in &'(!r )r'* v"+uu* in int"#! *"ni)',d

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Brake LinesBrake Lines 4rake lines are stee

tubing with copper

and lead coatings to

prevent rust andcorrosion. 7s the

brake pedal is

depressed; it moves

pistons within themaster cylinder and

forcing hydraulic

brake fluid

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Brake LinesBrake Lines

$hroughout the brakesystem and into the wheel)or brake* cylinders.

$he pressure placed

upon this fluid causes thecylinder pistons to

move; forcing the brakeshoes or friction pads and

brake drums or

rotors to slow thevehicle.

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3!

Brake PartsBrake Parts

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Hydraulic )al'esHydraulic )al'es

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Hydraulic ction in the CaliperHydraulic ction in the Caliper

S=uee%e &otor

,ush out on rum

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Basics of HydraulicsBasics of Hydraulics

H d li ti i th Wh lH d li ti i th Wh l

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Hydraulic ction in the WheelHydraulic ction in the Wheel

CylinderCylinder

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Braking )ideosBraking )ideos

http>??www.raybestos.com?main.htm@techcenter.htm

http://www.raybestos.com/main.htm?techcenter.htmhttp://www.raybestos.com/main.htm?techcenter.htm

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PARKING BRAKEPARKING BRAKE

,arking brake pedal or

lever

5ables7d:uster

rum brake linkage

isc brake lever

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!1

BRAKE INSPECTIONBRAKE INSPECTION

&emove all four wheels of the vehicle.

6n drum brakes remove the drums and

wash brake dust with proper cleaner.

5heck brake pads and brakes shoes for

wear.

5heck drums and rotors for wear and

damage.

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!2

Brake *luidBrake *luid

'itmus test

5olor

"on compressible

&esists boiling

High Alowtemperature stability

"on-corrosive torubber parts

HydroscopicB 7bsorbs water

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Brake Ser'iceBrake Ser'ice

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Pro!lemsPro!lems

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!/

BSBS

8odulator

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BSBSWheel locks up-

reduces power to thatwheel

,ulsates brakes if

sliding,ulsates brakes on hard

braking

Stops vehicle undercontrol

NOTfaster