BY:

E.VIKRAM (11M91A0441)

K.SAI KUMAR (11M91A0445)

K.RAGHU NANDAN(11M91A0447)

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:

G.RAMCHANDRA KUMAR

The main purpose of this project is to switch ON

and OFF street lights without manual operation.

By using this system energy consumption is

reduced .

IR sensors and micro controller are the main

components of the project.

IR sensor is like our eye which detect the presence

of an object.

In the present days Automated systems have less

manual operations, high flexibility, and accurate.

Especially in the field of electronics automated

systems are giving good performance.

our project is to control the switching of Street

Lights automatically.

IR’s which detects the vehicle with the micro

controller are used.

MICROCONTROLLER

AT89S52

IR

IR

IR

HIGH POWER

LED’s

Regulated Power Supply

Microcontroller (AT89S52)

IR Sensors

Light Dependent Resistor[LDR]

Light Emitting Diode [LED]

U1

VCC

40

EA31

X1 19X218

RST9

P1.01

P1.12

P1.23

P1.34

P1.45

P1.56

P1.67

P1.78

P3.0/RXD10

P3.1/TXD11

P3.2/INT012

P3.3/INT113

P3.4/T014

P3.5/T115

P3.6/WR16

P3.7/RD17

Y1

33pf 33pf

10uf

10k

SW1

330

330

330

330

330

330

4 X IN4001

+

E

D

1 3

2

+

MOC 7811

MOC 7811

MOC 7811

230V AC

+

+

D

E

E

+

+

D

330

10k

330

10k.

10k

330

T11 5

4 8

- +

1

4

3

2

470uf 0.1uf 0.1uf

7805

AT89S52

Pin diagram of AT89S52

The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit

microcontroller.

It has a 4K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash memory.

128 bytes of RAM,32 I/O lines, watchdog timer, two data

pointers.

two 16-bit timer,on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry.

PIN DESCRIPTION:

VCC PORT 3

GND RST

VDD ALE

PWR/GND PSEN

PORT 0 EA

PORT 1 XTAL1

PORT 2 XTAL2

Infrared sensor is an electronic instrument.

It is used to sense certain characteristics in its

surroundings by emitting infrared radiations.

It is capable of measuring heat and detection of moving

object.

SPECIFICATIONS:

Size: [Refer to the image beside]

TX: Transmitter

RX: Receiver

An LDR( light dependent resistor), offers the resistance in

response to the ambient light.

The resistance of the LDR increases as the intensity of

light increases.

It can act as a sensor, since a varying voltage drop can be

obtained in accordance with the varying light.

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light

source.

LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many devices, and

are increasingly used for lighting.

LEDs are introduced as a practical electronic

component in 1962.

Electrical symbol & polarities of LED

Structure inside a LED

The working of the project can be clearlyexplained by considering the street lights.

The main aim of the project is to automatic switchON/OFF the street light by sensing the vehicle.

In this project IR’s are used for sensing thevehicles.

Initially the street lights are in OFF state by usingthe LDR’S.

As the IR senses the vehicle the street lightsassociated w.r.t that sensor will switch ON and OFFafter certain time.

Keil compiler is the software used in the

machine language code.

The machine source code is converted into

hex code.

This hex code is dumped into the

microcontroller for further processing.

The main idea of this project is to reduce the

wastage of electricity.

For this purpose IR’s and LDR’s are used as

sensors.

The street light corresponding to that IR will

switch-ON automatically when a vehicle

passes.

Can overcome the crisis of natural power

production resources in forth coming days.

Can reduce the wastage of electricity.

Ultimately can conserve some of the natural

resources from completely getting vanished.

www.wikipedia.com

www.keil.com

www.maxim-ic.com

www.electronicsforu.com

www.allaboutcircuits.com

Books Referred:

Raj kamal –Microcontrollers Architecture,

Programming, Interfacing and System Design.

Mazidi and Mazidi –Embedded Systems.

DIP Microcontroller Manual – Microchip.

Embedded C-Michael J Pont