ppt on water poullutants

8/10/2019 Ppt on Water Poullutants

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ABBU


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A pollutant is a substance or energy introduced into the

environment that has undesired effects, or adversely affects the

usefulness of a resource.


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Dredged spoil

Solid waste

Incinerator residue

Filter backwash

Sewage sludge

Munitions

Chemical wastes

Biological materials

Radioactive materials


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Industrial

Municipal

Agricultural waste discharged into water


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The definition of solid waste is any unwanted

or discarded material that is not a liquid or a

gas. It can include organic waste, paper,

metals, glass, cloth, brick and rock, yard

waste and wood.


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Incineration is a waste treatment processthat involves the combustion of organicsubstances contained in waste materials


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Sewage sludge

treatment describes

the processes used

to manage and

dispose of the

sludges produced

during sewage

treatment.


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War materiel, especially weapons and ammunition. Often used in the plural.


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Chemical waste is a waste that is madefrom harmful chemicals


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Any material containing genetic information and capable ofreproducing itself or being reproduced in a biological system


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Radioactive Materials (TENORM) consist of materials, usually industrial wastes or by-

products enriched with radioactive elements found in the environment, such as

uranium, thorium and potassium and any of their decay products, such as radium and

radon.


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POLLUTANT Major sources Effects

AcidsAcid rains; mine drainage;planting of extensive areas ofconiferous forests whichacidify the soil.

Acidification of naturalwastes; sharp declinespecies riches;concomitant increase inlevel of toxic metals in

solution, eg. aluminium.

Toxic metalsHg, Pb, Cd, Zn,Sn.

Ore mining; associatedindustries; lead from vehicleexhaust emission.

Bio magnification of toxicmetal with each successivestage of food chain; threatto consumers includinghumans.


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Oil Drilling operations; oil tankers-spills; natural seepage; wastedisposal.

Contamination of the aquaticenvironment, death of birdsand mammals.

DDT (an organchlorine)

Direct application; agriculturalrun off and via aerial crop-spraying

Bio magnification; topcarnivores (especially birds) atrisk; very persistent in theenvironment.

PCBs Sewage effluent; land fill sites Biomagnifications; topcarnivores at risk; effects onhuman health include jointpain, chlorance and fatigue.


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Radiation 0% natural sources; 20% fromnuclear weapons testing,medical X-rays, nuclear energyindustry, etc.

Degree of tissue damage andrisk of death depended onexposure; radio nuclides canbe biomagnified, and someare very persistent in theenvironment.

HeatCoolants from industry,

principally the electricitygenerating industry.

Change in species compositionusually accompanied; fish maymigrate or be killed bysuffocation; reproductive cycleof fish and other aquaticorganism disrupted.


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ppt on water poullutants

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