practical application of the oras the corrections institute center for criminal justice research...
TRANSCRIPT
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Practical Application of the ORAS
The Corrections Institute
Center for Criminal Justice Research
University of Cincinnati
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Overall Objectives
• Review the output of the ORAS• Discuss components of an effective
case management plan• Develop an effective case management
plan using the ORAS
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Principles of Effective Classification
• Risk• Need• Responsivity• Professional Discretion
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Risk/Need
• Static and dynamic factors that are associated with new criminal behavior
• Higher risk = more intensive services• Lower risk = lesser intensive services
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Responsivity
• Specific responsivity– Barriers to services– Non-criminogenic needs
• Motivation• Childcare• Support for change• Race/ethnicity
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Case Planning
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Why Case Plan?
• Provides a structured approach to case management
• Documents interventions and progress
• Provides offender with concrete expectations
• Guides decision-making
• Helps maintain focus on criminogenic needs
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Case Management Models
• Strengths-based model
• Assertive model
• Blended model (Strengths-based + Assertive)
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Case Management - The Main Task
•Match offender to services and programs which address risk factors and remove or accommodate barriers related to responsivity considerations
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Prioritizing Interventions: What to Change and Why
• Criminogenic targets – reduce risk
• Non-criminogenic targets – reduce barriers but NOT risk
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Prioritizing Needs
• Reasons for prioritization– Most needy/risky– Interest of the offender– Court order– Most difficult– Easiest
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Practice Identifying Individual Targets for Change
• Use the scenario in the workbook
• Identify areas of risk
• Prioritize individualized needs
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Blended Case Management
Slide 13
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What is assessment-driven case management?
1. Assess risk (ORAS)
2. Prioritize targets for change
3. Develop goals/objectives based on individual needs flagged on ORAS
4. Remove barriers (responsivity = acute or chronic)
5. Track on-going progress
6. Re-assess using the ORAS
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Results of the ORAS
– Criminal history– Education, Employment, and Financial
Support– Family and Social Support– Neighborhood problems– Substance use– Peer Associations– Criminal attitudes and behavioral patterns
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Individualized Needs within Each Domain
Domain
Targets for Change
Individual Needs
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Components of a Case Plan
Individual Needs
Goals
Objectives
Techniques
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Problem/need:
Objectives: Techniques: Date Initiated: Date Completed:
Strengths:
Goal:
Sample Case Management PlanNeed area risk level:
Barriers:
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Domains
• Directly from assessments
• Major focus on criminogenic factors
• Address responsivity issues
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Individualized Targets
Examine domains flagged as moderate to high risk
Determine what makes it risky for the offender
Use specialized assessments if needed
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Substance Abuse
Issue with peers?
Physiologically Addicted?
Poor emotional regulation?
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Examples of Individualized Needs
1. Ineffective communication with prosocial family
2. Presence of antisocial friends and lack of prosocial influences
3. Marijuana use
4. Poor problem solving skills
5. Pattern of aggressive behavior
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Goals
• Long-term outcomes
• One goal for each individualized target
• Does not have to be measurable
• States a desired behavioral change
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Examples of Goals1. Develop and maintain healthy relationships
with prosocial family members.
2. Develop and maintain prosocial peer relationships.
3. Develop skills to maintain substance-free lifestyle.
4. Maintain employment in a prosocial environment.
5. Increase ability to manage anger with prosocial coping skills.
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Examples of Goals in Offender’s Language
• Get along with spouse better• Hang out with friends who stay out of
trouble• Learn new ways to stay away from
drugs• Get a job and keep it• Learn to handle situations without
getting physical
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Goals Exercise
Develop long-term goals for 2 needs you identified in the previous case.
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Objectives
• Short-term steps to reach broad goal
• Will likely need several objectives to reach ultimate goal
• Consider offender input
• Must be measurable (quantifiable)
• State in “SMART” terms
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SMART Objectives
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Time-based
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Examples of Objectives
Goal: Increase ability to manage anger with prosocial coping skills.
Objectives:
1. During the next meeting, list costs and benefits of current behavior when angry.
2. Identify situations and thoughts that lead to angry behavior by September 4.
3. Over the next 8 weeks, learn and practice 5 skills which will help manage your anger.
4. Teach the skills you have practiced to your mom by the next session.
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Practice with Objectives
Choose 2 goals and develop objectives which meet the SMART criteria.
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Techniques
• Provider responsibilities to assist offender with change
• Each objective should have a corresponding technique
• Consider 3 areas:– Supervision– Referrals– In-person meetings
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Techniques – Supervision
• Family contact• Work contact• School contact• Drug screens• Electronic monitoring
• House arrest• Provider updates• Curfew checks• Telephone contact• Technical violations
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Techniques – Referrals
• Substance abuse• Social skills• Antisocial thinking• Anger management• Family intervention• Problem-solving• Educational needs
• Vocational services• Prosocial activities• Mentoring• Mental health• Transportation• Abuse• Sexual misconduct
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Techniques – Face-to-Face
• Build rapport• Progress updates• Drug screens• Build motivation• Problem-solving• Skill-building• Crisis management• Administer reinforcers
• Family intervention• Case plan review• Model prosocial
behavior• Review journals and/or
thinking reports• Reassess needs
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Examples of Techniques
Goal: Increase ability to manage anger with prosocial coping skills.
Objective 1:
During the next meeting, list costs and benefits of current behavior when angry.
Techniques:
1. Complete a cost-benefit analysis with offender to help build motivation.
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Examples of Techniques
Goal: Increase ability to manage anger with prosocial coping skills.
Objective 2:
Identify situations and thoughts that lead to angry behavior by September 4.
Techniques:
1. Refer to anger management group.
2. Monitor participation through monthly contact with provider.
3. Review group homework regarding triggers.
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Practice with Techniques
Choose 2 objectives and develop corresponding techniques. Focus on supervision, referrals, and face-to-face interactions for each objective.
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Putting It All Together
• Create a case from scratch• Develop a goal for 2 domains• Develop 1 objective per goal• Develop 2 techniques per objective
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Using the Case Plan to Track Progress
• Identify goals/objectives
• Track progress on each goal/objective
• Creates a record of accomplishments and continued needs
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Updating the Case Plan with the ORAS
• Develop a case plan off initial assessment
• Re-assessment provides up-to-date risk
• Individualize goals/objectives
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ORAS and the Case Plan
• Use the ORAS to inform areas of need• Develop individualized targets for
change• Track change• Reassess• Maintain success and continued need