pre intermidiate(french)

7/27/2019 Pre Intermidiate(French)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/pre-intermidiatefrench 1/89

New

Inside OutPre-intermediate

Companion

French Edition

Sue Kay, Vaughan Jones & Ji ll Leatherbarrow



Welcome to the New Inside Out Pre-intermediate Companion!

What inormation does the New Inside Out Companion give you?

• a summary o key words and phrases rom each unit o New Inside Out Pre-intermediate Student’s Book

• pronunciation o the key words and phrases

• translations o the key words and phrases• sample sentences showing the words and phrases in context

• a summary o the Grammar Extra Reerence rom New Inside Out Pre-intermediate Student’s Book

Abbreviations used in the Companion

VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS CONSONANTS

(art) article

(v) verb

(v*) irregular verb

(adj) adjective

(n) noun

(phr v) phrasal verb

(pron) pronoun

(prep) preposition

(det) determiner

() eminine

(m) masculine

(pl n) plural noun

(adv) adverb

(conj) conjunction

/ɪ/ big ish /bɪg fɪʃ/

/і:/ green beans /gri:n bi:nz/

/ʊ/ should look /ʃʊd lʊk/

/u:/ blue moon /blu: mu:n/

/e/ ten eggs /ten egz/

/ǝ/ about mother /ǝbaʊt mʌðǝ/

/ɜ:/ learn words /lɜ:n wɜ:dz/

/ɔ:/ short talk /ʃɔ:t tɔ:k/

/æ/ at cat /fæt kæt/

/ʌ/ must come /mʌst kʌm/

/ɑ:/ calm start /kɑ:m stɑ:t/

/ɒ/ hot spot /hɒt spɒt/

/ɪǝ/ ear /ɪǝ/

/eɪ/ ace /feɪs/

/ʊǝ/ pure /pjʊǝ ͬ/

/ɔɪ/ boy /bɔɪ/

/ǝʊ/ nose /nǝʊz/

/eǝ/ hair /heǝ/

/aɪ/ eye /aɪ/

/aʊ/ mouth /maʊɵ/

/p/ pen /pen/

/b/ bad /bæd/

/t/ tea /ti:/

/d/ dog /dɒg/

/tʃ/ church /tʃɜ:tʃ/

/dʒ/ jazz /dʒæz/

/k/ cost /kɒst/

/g/ girl /gɜ:l/

/f/ ar /fɑ˚: ͬ/

/v/ voice /vɔɪs/

/ɵ/ thin /ɵɪn/

/ð/ then /ðen/

/s/ snake /sneɪk/

/z/ noise /nɔɪz/

/ʃ/ shop /ʃɒp/

/ʒ/ measure /meʒə˚ /ͬ

/m/ make /meɪk/

/n/ nine /naɪn/

/ŋ/ sing /sɪŋ/

/h/ house /haʊs/

/l/ leg /leg/

/r/ red /red/

/w/ wet /wet/

/j/ yes /jes/



U 1 (.4)

about (30/50/60 etc) (prep) /əˈbaʊt/ environ (30/50/60 etc) “How old is Ben?” “I think he’s about 30.”

actually (adv) (TS) /ˈækʧuəli/ réellement My riends call me Ben. Actually my old riends call meTree.

amaze (v) /əˈmeɪz/ stupéer President Roosevelt amazed his sta by rememberingnearly everyone’s name.

at least /ət ˈliːst/ au moins Repeat the name in your head at least three times.

banker (n) /ˈbæŋkə/ banquier A banker is someone who has an important job in a bank.

break the law / ̩br eɪk ðə ˈlɔː/ enreindre la loi I you break the law, you do something that is illegal.

breeze (n) / briːz/ brise A breeze is a light, gentle wind.

call (v) /kɔːl/ ) appeler, nommer qn (Sense ) My English riends call me Marie.

2) appeler qn (par tél.) (Sense 2) I can always call Dave i I’m eeling down.

careully (adv) /ˈkeəi/ attentivement When you meet someone or the rst time, listen

careully to their name.choose (v) /ʧuːz/ choisir Choosing a name or your child is an important decision.

close riend (n) /ˌkləʊs ˈfrend/ ami proche A close riend is a riend you like a lot and spend a lot otime with.

decision (n) /dɪˈsɪʒn/ decision Choosing a name or your child is an important decision.

earn (v) /ɜːn/ gagner Bankers earn a lot o money and are very rich.

exercise (v) /ˈeksəsaɪz/ entraîner When you exercise your brain, you think hard in order toremember or do something.

ashionable (adj) /ˈfæʃnəbl/ à la mode It’s ashionable to choose names o places or children’snames.

eel down (TS) /ˌːl ˈdaʊn/ être déprimé When I’m eeling down, I can always talk to him.be ocused on yoursel / bi ˌfəʊkəst ɒn jəˈself / être concentré sur I you’re too ocused on yoursel, you won’t remember

soi-même people’s names.

ollow a trend /ˌfɒləʊ ə ˈtrend/ suivre une tendance When people ollow a trend, they do somethingbecause it is ashionable.

orehead (n) /ˈfɒrɪd; ˈfɔːhed/ ront President Roosevelt visualised the name on the person’sorehead.



2

riendly (adj) /ˈfrendli/ sympathique Someone who is riendly is easy to talk to.

have a go /ˌhæv ə ˈgəʊ/ essayer, tenter (de) It’s important to participate in class and have a go.

hear o (phr v) /ˈhɪər əv/ entendre parler de Have you ever heard o anyone called Sky, Rain or River?

identiy (v) /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ identier Your name is how you identiy yoursel and how otherpeople identiy you.

initial (n) /ɪˈnɪʃl/ initiale His initials are CD—Charles Denroche. joke (n) /ʤəʊk / plaisanterie Do you enjoy telling jokes at parties?

learner (n) /ˈlɜːnə/ apprenant A good language learner practises a lot.

let-handed (adj) /ˌleftˈhændɪd/ gaucher Someone who is let-handed writes with their let hand.

like best /ˌlaɪk ˈbest/ préérer What do you like best in class – reading, writing,speaking or listening?

local (adj) /ˈləʊkl/ du quartier Don’t name your child ater your local pizza restaurant orshopping mall!

maiden name (n) /ˈmeɪdn ˌneɪm/ nom de jeune lle A woman’s maiden name is her surname beore she wasmarried.

make a good impression /ˌmeɪk ə ˌgʊd ɪmˈpreʃn/ aire une bonne impression Remembering people’s names always makes a goodimpression.

meaning (n) /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ sens, signication Does your name have a special meaning?

memorable (adj) /ˈmem(ə)rəbl/ mémorable Something memorable about a person’s appearance issomething that is easy to remember about the way theylook.

memory (n) /ˈmem(ə)ri/ mémoire I’ve got a bad memory – I can never remember newvocabulary.

middle-aged (adj) /ˌmɪdlˈeɪʤd/ d’un âge moyen Someone who is middle-aged is between about 45 and 55.

name (v) /neɪm/ nommer Madonna named her daughter Lourdes.

name sb ater sb/sth (phr v) /ˈneɪm ˌɑːftə/ nommer qn d’après She named her daughter Lourdes ater the town inqn/qch. France.

nature (n) /ˈneɪʧə/ nature Names like Sky, River and Rain all come rom nature.

notebook (n) /ˈnəʊtˌbʊk / carnet Write new vocabulary in a notebook.

nowadays (adv) /ˈnaʊəˌdeɪz/ de nos jours Nowadays a lot o people name their children ateramous people.

original (adj) /əˈrɪʤn(ə)l/ original People with unusual or original names oten eel special.



3

parking ticket (n) /ˈpɑːkɪŋ ˌtɪkɪt/ contravention de Unortunately when we got back to the car, we had astationnement parking ticket!

pay attention /ˌpeɪ əˈtenʃn/ aire attention The rst step in remembering someone’s name is to payattention.

popular (adj) /ˈpɒpjʊlə/ à la mode Beyoncé and Britney were popular names a ew years ago.

Really? /ˈrɪəli/ Vraiment ? “We went to a abulous new restaurant in town.”

“Really? What is it called?”recent (adj) /ˈriːsənt/ récent A recent survey showed that people with unusual names

eel special.

record (v) /rɪˈkɔːd/ consigner, enregister It’s a good idea to record new words in a notebook.

religious (adj) /rəˈlɪʤəs/ religieux “Mary” is a religious name.

remember (v) /rɪˈmembə/ se rappeler Do you nd it easy to remember people’s names?

retired (adj) /rɪˈtaɪəd/ retraité Someone who is retired no longer works.

review (v) /rɪˈvjuː/ réviser It’s important to record and constantly review newlanguage.

shopping mall (n) /ˈʃɒpɪŋ ˌmɔːl/ centre commercial A shopping mall is a very large building with a lot o

shops.

shy (adj) / ʃaɪ/ timide Someone who is shy eels nervous when they are withother people.

side o the amily /ˌsaɪd əv ðə ˈfæmli/ côté de la amille Which side o the amily is bigger – your mother’s side oryour ather’s side?

speak out (phr v) /ˌspiːk ˈaʊt/ s’exprimer People who are shy nd it dicult to speak out in class.

sta (n) /stɑːf / personnel President Roosevelt amazed his sta by rememberingnearly everyone’s name.

stay in touch (TS) /ˌsteɪ ɪn ˈtʌʧ / garder contact Dave and I stay in touch by email and phone.

step (n) /step/ étape What are the our easy steps or remembering someone’s

name?stressed (adj) /strest/ stressé Someone who is stressed is worried or nervous because

they have a lot o problems.

subtitles (n pl) /ˈsʌbˌtaɪtlz/ sous-titres Do you watch English DVDs with English subtitles?

survey (n) /ˈsɜːveɪ/ étude A recent survey showed that people with unusual nameseel special.

taste (v) /teɪst/ goûter The sushi is antastic – the best I’ve ever tasted!



4

the past (n) /ˌðə ˈpɑːst/ le passé In the past parents named their children ater amilyrelatives.

train (v) /treɪn/ entraîner Learning new words is a good way o training yourmemory.

trend (n) /trend/ vogue, tendance Nowadays naming children ater places has become atrend.

typical (adj) /ˈtɪpɪkl/ typique “Pedro” is a typical Spanish name.unortunately (adv) /ʌnˈfɔːʧ (ə)nətli/ malheureusement Unortunately when we got back to the car, we had a

parking ticket!

unusual (adj) /ʌnˈjuːʒʊəl/ inhabituel Do you preer names that are unusual and original?

visualise (v) /ˈvɪʒʊəlaɪz/ visualiser President Roosevelt visualised the name on the person’sorehead.

wonder (v) /ˈwʌndə/ se demander I wonder i everyone with an unusual or original nameeels special.

Family members membres de la Famille

aunt (n) /aːnt/ tante Your aunt is the sister o your mother or ather.boyriend (n) /ˈbɔɪˌfrend/ petit ami “Does Marie have a boyriend?” “I don’t know.”

brother (n) /ˈbrʌðə/ rère Marie’s brother calls her “Baby”.

brother-in-law (n) /ˈbrʌðəɪnˌlɔː/ beau-rère Your brother-in-law is the brother o your husband orwie.

child (n)/children (pl) /ʧaɪld/ˈʧɪldrən/ enant (s) Some people name their children ater amous people.

cousin (n) /ˈkʌzn/ cousin (e) Your cousins are the children o your aunt or uncle.

daughter (n) /ˈdɔːtə/ lle Madonna named her daughter Lourdes, ater the town inFrance.

ex-husband (n) /ˌeksˈhʌzbənd/ ex-mari Your ex-husband is the man you are divorced rom.

ex-wie (n) /ˌeksˈwaɪf / ex-emme Your ex-wie is the woman you are divorced rom.

ather (n) /ˈfaːðə/ père Your ather is your male parent.

ather-in-law (n) /ˈfaːðəɪnˌlɔː/ beau-père Your ather-in-law is your wie’s or husband’s ather.

girlriend (n) /ˈgɜːlˌfrend/ petite amie Dave listened to me when I had girlriend problems.

granddaughter (n) /ˈgrænˌdɔːtə/ petite-lle Your granddaughter is the daughter o your son ordaughter.

grandather (n) /ˈgrænˌfaːðə/ grand-père Your grandather is the ather o your mother or ather.



5

grandmother (n) /ˈgrænˌmʌðə/ grand-mère Your grandmother is the mother o your mother orather.

grandson (n) /ˈgrænˌsʌn/ petit-ls Your grandson is the son o your daughter or son.

great grandather (n) /ˌgreɪt ˈgrænfaːðə/ arrière grand-père Your great-grandather is the ather o yourgrandmother or grandather.

great grandmother (n) /ˌgreɪt ˈgrænmʌðə/ arrière grand-mère Your great-grandmother is the mother o your

grandmother or grandather.hal-brother (n) /ˌhaːfˈbrʌðə/ demi-rère A hal-brother is a brother who has either the same

mother or the same ather as you.

hal-sister (n) /ˌhaːfˈsɪstə/ demi-sœur A hal-sister is a sister who has either the same motheror the same ather as you.

mother (n) /ˈmʌðə/ mère Your mother is your emale parent.

mother-in-law (n) /ˈmʌðəɪnˌlɔː/ belle-mère Your mother-in-law is your wie’s or husband’s mother.

nephew (n) /ˈnefjuː/ neveu Your nephew is a son o your brother or sister.

niece (n) /niːs/ nièce Your niece is a daughter o your brother or sister.

parents (n pl) /ˈpeərənts/ parent In the past, parents named their children ater important

amily relatives.

partner (n) /ˈpaːtnə/ partenaire Your partner is the person you live with but who you arenot married to.

relative (n) /ˈrelətɪv/ parenté Your relatives are the people in your amily.

sister (n) /ˈsɪstə/ sœur Ben’s sisters call him “Big Ben”.

sister-in-law (n) /ˈsɪstəɪnˌlɔː/ belle-sœur Your sister-in-law is the sister o your husband or wie.

son (n) /sʌn/ ls David and Victoria Beckham named their son Brooklynater an area in New York.

stepather (n) /ˈstepˌfaːðə/ beau-père Your stepather is your mother’s second husband.

stepmother (n) /ˈstepˌmʌðə/ belle-mère (marâtre) Your stepmother is your ather’s second wie.

twin (n) /twɪn/ jumeau (jumelle) A twin is one o two children born at the same time tothe same mother.

uncle (n) /ˈʌŋkl/ oncle Your uncle is the brother o your ather or mother.



6

U 2 (.12)

adventure (n) /ədˈvenʧə/ aventure I you’re looking or adventure, don’t go to Dahab – it’squiet there.

air conditioning (n) /ˈeə kənˌdɪʃnɪŋ/ air conditionné It’s hot in summer, but ortunately my oce has airconditioning.

architecture (n) /ˈaːkɪˌtekʧə/ architecture The architecture in Rio is a mixture o old and new.

buzzing (adj) /ˈbʌzɪŋ/ bourdonnant, vibrant Reykjavik is small but the nightlie is buzzing.

contrast (n) /ˈkɒntraːst/ contraste Iceland is a land o ice and re – ull o contrasts.

currency (n) /ˈkʌrənsi/ unité monétaire The currency o a country is the type o money that isused there.

dance foor (n) /ˈdaːns ˌɔː/ piste de danse We went to a disco at 2.00 a.m. and were surprised to seeonly a ew people on the dance oor.

delicious (adj) /dɪˈlɪʃəs/ délicieux In Shanghai you can eat delicious noodles in the street.

go diving /ˌgəʊ ˈdaɪvɪŋ/ aire de la plongée You can go diving in the Red Sea i you like!

do everything wrong /ˌduː ˌevriθɪŋ ˈrɒŋ/ aire tout aux They do everything wrong here, but the quality o lieis great!

dream holiday (n) /ˈdriːm ˌhɒlɪdeɪ/ vacances de rêve Win a Dream Holiday or two in our competition!

energetic (adj) (TS) /ˌenəˈʤetɪk / énergique Argentinian people are loud, energetic and really goodun.

enjoy yoursel (v ref) /ɪnˈʤɔɪ jəˌself / s’amuser The quality o lie is great and people know how to enjoythemselves.

enough (det.) /ɪˈnʌf / susament It’s important to get enough sleep.

excitement (n) /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/ agitation Do you like holidays with excitement, adventure andparties?

all in love (with) /ˌfɔːl ɪn ˈlʌv/ tomber amoureux (de) Now I understand why people all in love with Arica.re (n) /ˈfaɪə/ eu Iceland is a land o contrasts -- o ice and fre.

famingo (n) /əˈmɪŋgəʊ/ famant rose Flamingos are tall pink birds that live near water.

reezing (adj) /ˈfriːzɪŋ/ gelé The air in Iceland is reezing but the springs are very hot.

go back (phr v) /ˌgəʊ ˈbæk / retourner Arica is great and I want to go back there.

good un (TS) /ˌgʊd ˈfʌn/ très gai Argentinian people are loud, energetic and really goodun.



hate (v) (TS) /heɪt/ haïr I really hate living here. It’s horrible.

hippo (n) /ˈhɪpəʊ/ hippopotame Hippos are large Arican animals with thick, grey skin thatlive near rivers.

hot springs (n pl) /ˌhɒt ˈsprɪŋz/ geyser Hot springs consist o hot water that comes up romunder the ground.

ice (n) /aɪs/ glace Iceland is a land o contrasts -- o ice and re.

island (n) /ˈaɪlənd/ île An island is an area o land that is surrounded by water.

I’m kidding. /ˌaɪm ˈkɪdɪŋ/ je plaisante “My parents live in Hollywood.” “Really?” “No, I’mkidding, they live near South Beach.”

leave sb in peace (TS) /ˌliːv sʌmbədi ɪn ˈpiːs/ laisser qn en paix There are too many tourists. Why don’t they leave us inpeace?

lion (n) /ˈlaɪən/ lion A lion is a large Arican animal with golden ur.

be a long way rom /ˌbiː ə ˈlɒŋ weɪ frəm/ être loin de Iceland is a long way rom the rest o Europe but it’s veryup-to-date.

lucky (adj) /ˈlʌki/ chanceux We’re lucky with our hotel – it’s near the city centre andwe have a antastic view.

a mixture o /ə ˈmɪksʧər əv/ un mélange de The architecture in Rio is a mixture o old and new.nightlie (n) /ˈnaɪtˌlaɪf / vie nocturne There are lots o discos and clubs here – the nightlie is

great!

noodles (n pl) /ˈnuːdlz/ nouilles In Shanghai you can eat delicious noodles in the street.

on your own (TS) /ˌɒn jər ˈəʊn/ tout(e) seul(e) Emma few to Buenos Aires on her own.

originally (adv) /əˈrɪʤn(ə)li/ à l’origine I live in New York but I’m originally rom England.

peace and quiet /ˌpiːs ən ˈkwaɪət/ paix et tranquilité I’m not really interested in nightlie – I preer peace andquiet.

plenty o (TS) /ˈplenti əv/ beaucoup de In Rio there are plenty o restaurants, caés and bars.

quality o lie (n) /ˌkwɒləti əv ˈlaɪf / qualité de vie The quality o lie is great and people know how toenjoy themselves.

relax (v) /rɪˈlæks/ se relaxer You can go diving or just relax on the beach.

scenery (n) /ˈsiːnəri/ paysage The scenery in Arica is spectacular.

seat (n) /siːt/ place assise The bus is very crowded but I usually get a seat.

shop till you drop /ˌʃɒ p tɪl jʊ ˈdrɒ p/ aire des courses I you shop till you drop, you shop or a long time jusqu’à épuisement until you eel very tired.

spectacular (adj) /spekˈtækjʊlə/ spectaculaire In Arica the scenery is spectacular.



trac (n) /ˈtræfɪk / circulation Everyone has a car nowadays and there’s too much trafc on the roads.

have trouble doing sth /hæv ˌtrʌbl ˈduːɪŋ sʌmθɪŋ/ avoir des dicultés We went out to dinner at .30 p.m. and had troubleà aire qch. getting a table.

up-to-date (adj) /ˌʌptəˈdeɪt/ au goût du jour, A place that is up-to-date is modern and exciting.à la mode

welcome (n) /ˈwelkəm/ accueil In Dahab, you’ll nd the best welcome in Egypt.welcoming (adj) /ˈwelkəmɪŋ/ accueillant Arican people are riendly and welcoming.

without a doubt /wɪˌðaʊt ə ˈdaʊt/ sans aucun doute Shanghai is, without a doubt, the best place on earthor shopping!

adjectives to describe places adjectiFs poUr décrire les lieUxbeautiul (adj) /ˈbjuːtə/ beau, belle The countryside is beautiul and the air is lovely and

clean.

big (adj) / bɪg/ grand Paulo loves Rio – he thinks it’s big and exciting.

boring (adj) /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ ennuyant Armelle thinks the village is dull and boring at night.

clean (adj) /kliːn/ propre The countryside is beautiul and the air is lovely andclean.

crowded (adj) /ˈkraʊdɪd/ bondé, rempli par Venice is very noisy and crowded, especially in thela oule summer.

dirty (adj) /ˈdɜːti/ sale The canals in Venice are so dirty and polluted.

dull (adj) /dʌl/ ennuyeux, triste I nd it dull here – there aren’t any discos or cinemas.

exciting (adj) /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/ passionnant, excitant “Why do you like Rio?” “It’s big and exciting.”

expensive (adj) /ɪkˈspensɪv/ cher Because o the tourists, the shops are too expensive.

abulous (adj) /ˈfæbjʊləs/ abuleux Win a dream holiday in one o these abulous destinations!

hot (adj) /hɒt/ chaud (très) I don’t like Rio much in the summer; it’s too hot andhumid.

humid (adj) /ˈhjuːmɪd/ humide “What’s the weather like?” “It’s hot and humid.

interesting (adj) /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ intéressant In big cities, there are lots o interesting places to visit.

lovely (adj) /ˈlʌvli/ ravissant The air in the countryside is lovely and clean.

modern (adj) /ˈmɒd(ə)n/ moderne Shanghai is a modern, up-to-date city.



noisy (adj) /ˈnɔɪzi/ bruyant There are too many tourists. It gets very noisy andcrowded.

polluted (adj) / pəˈluːtəd/ pollué The canals in Venice are very dirty and polluted.

romantic (adj) /rəʊˈmæntɪk / romantique A lot o people think Venice is a special place – a veryromantic city.

small (adj) /smɔːl/ petit Armelle lives in a small village with her parents.

spectacular (adj) /spekˈtækjʊlə/ spectaculaire The view o the city rom our hotel room is spectacular.

compass directions points cardinaUxcentre (n) /ˈsentə/ centre Ankara is in the centre o Turkey.

north (n/adj) /nɔːθ/ nord Hollywood is north o Los Angeles.

north-east (n/adj) /ˌnɔːθˈiːst/ nord-est Manchester is just north-east o Liverpool.

north-west (n/adj) /ˌnɔːθˈwest/ nord-ouest Manchester and Liverpool are in the north-west oEngland.

south (n/adj) /saʊθ/ sud Los Angeles is south o Hollywood.

south-east (n/adj) /ˌsaʊθˈiːst/ sud-est London is in the south-east o England.south-west (n/adj) /ˌsaʊθˈwest/ sud-ouest Cornwall is a region in the south-west o England.

east (n/adj) /iːst/ est Berlin is in the east o Germany.

west (n/adj) /west/ ouest Los Angeles is on the west coast o the USA.

places in a city lieUx dans Une villeart gallery (n) /ˈɑːt ˌgæl(ə)ri/ galerie d’art Paris has a lot o wonderul museums and art galleries.

bar (n) / bɑː/ bar There are lots o interesting caés and bars in Rio.

beach (n) / biːʧ / plage Copacabana Beach is the most amous beach in theworld.

bridge (n) / brɪʤ/ pont The Rialto Bridge is a very amous bridge in Venice.

canal (n) /kəˈnæl/ canal In Venice the canals are dirty and polluted.

car park (n) /ˈkɑː ˌpɑːk / parking It can be dicult to park in big cities as the car parks areoten ull.

castle (n) /ˈkɑːsl/ château There’s a very amous castle in Edinburgh on top o a hill.

cathedral (n) /kəˈθiːdrəl/ cathédrale A cathedral is a very big church in a city.



0

church (n) /ʧɜːʧ / église San Marco in Venice is one o the most amous churches in the world.

ountain (n) /ˈfaʊntɪn/ ountaine A ountain is a structure through which water rises intothe air and alls again.

high-rise buildings (n pl) /ˌhaɪ ˌraɪz ˈbɪldɪŋz/ hautes tours In some parts o Rio there are too many high-risebuildings.

hill (n) /hɪl/ colline The statue in Rio stands on top o a hill.library (n) /ˈlaɪbrəri/ bibliothèque A library is a building where you go to read or borrow

books.

mosque (n) /mɒsk / mosquée A mosque is a building in which Muslims worship.

museum (n) /mjuːˈziːəm/ musée Paris has a lot o wonderul museums and art galleries.

park (n) / pɑːk / parc The big park in the centre o New York is called CentralPark.

restaurant (n) /ˈrest(ə)rɒnt/ restaurant There are plenty o cheap restaurants and bars in Rio.

sea (n) /siː/ mer Dahab is a town in Egypt by the Red Sea.

shopping centre (n) /ˈʃɒpɪŋ ˌsentə/ centre commercial There are lots o shopping centres in Shanghai.

square (n) /skweə/ place “Piazza” is the Italian word or “square”.

statue (n) /ˈstæʧuː/ statue The statue in Rio stands on top o a hill.

theatre (n) /ˈθɪətə/ théâtre A theatre is a building where you go to see plays.

U 3 (.20)

aair (n) /əˈfeə/ aventure Lady Moon’s husband didn’t hide his aair and this made(extra-conjugale) her eel really bad.

cameraman (n) /ˈkæmrəˌmæn/ caméraman A cameraman is someone who uses a camera to makelms or TV programmes.

canteen (n) (TS) /kænˈtiːn/ cantine Fred went to the canteen and this little lady was servinglunch.

cellar (n) /ˈselə/ cave A cellar is a room at the bottom o a house where youcan keep things.

collection (n) /kəˈnekʃn/ collection, choix Lady Moon’s husband had a collection o ne wines inthe cellar.



contestant (n) /kənˈtestənt/ participant, concurrent Contestants Rosie and Dave want to win the £0,000prize.

correctly (adv) /kəˈrektli/ correctement The old man predicted the weather correctly and savedthe director thousands o dollars.

doorstep (n) /ˈdɔːˌstep/ seuil, pas de porte She went round the village and put a bottle o wine oneach doorstep.

lm (v) /fɪlm/ lmer The director was flming an important lm in the desert.lming (n) /ˈfɪlmɪŋ/ tournage The director and the cameraman talked about the next

day’s flming.

nd out (phr v) /ˌfaɪnd ˈaʊt/ découvrir When she ound out her husband was having an aair,she decided not to leave him.

urious (adj) /ˈfjʊəriəs/ urieux He was urious when Hermione told him she was in anight club.

game show (n) /ˈgeɪm ˌʃəʊ/ jeu télévisé A game show is a TV programme in which people try towin money.

get your revenge /ˌget jə rɪˈvenʤ/ prendre sa revanche When you get your revenge, you do something bad tosomeone who has done something bad to you.

heart attack (n) (TS) /ˈhɑːt əˌtæk / crise cardiaque She nearly had a heart attack when Fred rang her up.

hide (v) /haɪd/ cacher He didn’t hide his aair and this made her eel really bad.

be hosted by / bi ˈhəʊstəd baɪ/ être animé/dirigé par I a game show is hosted by someone, it is presented bythat person.

impressed (adj) /ɪmˈprest/ impressionné The director was impressed and gave the old man a job.

in the background /ˌɪn ðə ˈbækgraʊnd/ dans le ond, en When she answered the mobile, music was playing loudlyarrière-plan in the background.

It doesn’t matter /ɪt ˌdʌznt ˈmætə/ Ce n’est pas important Do you agree that it doesn’t matter i children losetouch with their parents?

lover (n) /ˈlʌvə/ maîtresse, amant She was very angry when she saw his car parked outside

his lover’s house.

main (adj) /meɪn/ principal Do you agree that the main reason or getting married isto have children?

move (to) (v) /muːv/ déménager (à) We moved to dierent places and lost touch with eachother.

operation (n) /ˌɒ pəˈreɪʃn/ opération Dave went into hospital or an operation.

patient (n) /ˈpeɪʃnt/ patient A patient is someone who is ill or injured and receivesmedical treatment.



2

post (v) / pəʊst/ annoter He posted Hermione’s meal to her with a note saying,“Here’s your dinner.”!

pour (v) / pɔː/ verser She poured thick white paint over her husband’s new car.

predict (v) / prɪˈdɪkt/ prédire Someone who predicts something says that it willhappen in the uture.

be right /ˌbi ˈraɪt/ avoir raison The old man was right – he said “Tomorrow rain” and

the next day it rained.same (adj) /seɪm/ même Rosie and Dave have to give the same answers to the

same questions.

separate (adj) /ˈsep(ə)rət/ diérent, séparé Bobby interviews Rosie and Dave in separate studios.

shake your head /ˌʃeɪk jə ˈhed/ secouer la tête I you shake your head, you oten mean “No.” or “Idon’t know.”

be sick (TS) /ˌbi ˈsɪk / être malade, avoir Dave said, “Nurse, I’m going to be sick.”la nausée

storm (n) /stɔːm/ tempête I there is a storm, there is a lot o wind and rain.

studio (n) /ˈstjuːdiəʊ/ studio Bobby interviews Rosie and Dave in separate studios.

on time /ˌɒn ˈtaɪm/ à l’heure Hermione was always late – she never arrived on time.unsurprisingly (adv) /ˌʌnsəˈpraɪzɪŋli/ sans surprise My our riends arrived on time, but unsurprisingly

Hermione didn’t.

war memorial (n) /ˈwɔː məˌmɔːriəl/ monument aux morts She let the other bottles on the war memorial in thecentre o the village.

adjectives and adverbs adjectiFs et adverbesangry (adj) /ˈæŋgri/ âché Lady Moon was angry and decided to get her revenge.

angrily (adv) /ˈæŋgrəli/ en colère “Where are you?” he shouted angrily.

attractive (adj) /əˈtræktɪv/ attirant(e) At rst he ound the dierences between himsel and

Hermione attractive.attractively (adv) /əˈtræktɪvli/ d’ une manière attirante She always looks smart and dresses attractively.

bad (adj) / bæd/ mal (adj) She elt bad because her husband didn’t hide his aair.

badly (adv) /ˈbædli/ mal (adv) I don’t play tennis well – in act I play very badly.

beautiul (adj) /ˈbjuːtə/ beau, belle She poured paint over her husband’s beautiul new blackcar.

beautiully (adv) /ˈbjuːtəi/ admirablement She’s very talented and plays the piano beautiully.



3

careul (adj) /ˈkeə/ prudent She’s a careul driver.

careully (adv) /ˈkeəf (ə)li/ prudemment I plan my days careully.

dierent (adj) /ˈdɪfrənt/ diérent Hermione and I were very dierent.

dierently (adv) /ˈdɪfrəntli/ diéremment We’ve decided to organise things dierently this year.

early (adj) /ˈɜːli/ de bon matin I hate getting up in the early morning.

early (adv) /ˈɜːli/ tôt, en avance I always arrived early; she always arrived late.good (adj) /gʊd/ bon Hermione’s ex-boyriend is a good cook.

late (adj) /leɪt/ tard I you have a late night, it means you go to bed late.

late (adv) /leɪt/ en retard, tardivement I always arrived early; she always arrived late.

loud (adj) /laʊd/ bruyant It’s dicult to have a conversation when the music’s loud.

loudly (adv) /ˈlaʊdli/ bruyamment When she answered her mobile, music was playing loudly in the background.

quick (adj) /kwɪk / rapide They came to see us or a quick visit.

quickly (adv) /ˈkwɪkli/ rapidement She quickly drove home and put a pot o paint into hercar.

Be quiet! (adj) /ˌbi ˈkwaɪət/ Sois /soyez tranquille(s)! There’s too much noise. Please be quiet!

quietly (adv) /ˈkwaɪətli/ tranquillement Lady Moon quietly placed a bottle o wine on eachdoorstep.

tidy (adj) /ˈtaɪdi/ soigné(e) A tidy person always makes sure things are in the correctplace.

tidily (adv) /ˈtaɪdəli/ soigneusement Everything on the desk was arranged tidily.

unhappy (adj) /ʌnˈhæpi/ malheureux(se) Her husband didn’t hide his aair and this made herunhappy.

unhappily (adv) /ʌnˈhæpəli/ malheureusement She thought it was better to be unhappily married thannot married at all.

well (adv) /wel/ bien I cook well so I decided to have a dinner party.

adjectives ending in –ed and –ing adjectiFs se terminant par –é et –ant annoyed (adj) /əˈnɔɪd/ contrarié When the dog makes a lot o noise, the neighbours get

annoyed.

annoying (adj) /əˈnɔɪɪŋ/ contrariant It’s annoying when the dog makes a lot o noise.

bored (adj) / bɔːd/ ennuyé The students are oten bored in lessons.



4

boring (adj) /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ ennuyant Sometimes, our lessons are very boring.

conused (adj) /kənˈfjuːzd/ embrouillé Looking at the map, I was conused.

conusing (adj) /kənˈfjuːzɪŋ/ embrouillant The map wasn’t easy to understand – it was veryconusing.

depressed (adj) /dɪˈprest/ déprimé England ans were depressed at the score: Brazil 6England 0.

depressing (adj) /dɪˈpresɪŋ/ déprimant Brazil 6 England 0 is a depressing score or England ans.

embarrassed (adj) /ɪmˈbærəst/ embarrassé Children are sometimes embarrassed by their parents.

embarrassing (adj) /ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/ embarrassant Parents sometimes do things that their children think areembarrassing.

excited (adj) /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ excité Excited spectators watched the race.

exciting (adj) /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/ excitant The race is very exciting.

rightened (adj) /ˈfraɪtnd/ erayé Are you rightened o dogs?

rightening (adj) /ˈfraɪtnɪŋ/ erayant Some people think dogs are rightening.

interested (adj) /ˈɪntrəstɪd/ intéressé Are you interested in ootball?

interesting (adj) /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ interessant She’s a good teacher – her lessons are very interesting.surprised (adj) /səˈpraɪzd/ surpris The boy got 0% in his exam and was very surprised.

surprising (adj) /səˈpraɪzɪŋ/ surprenant He got a surprising 0% in the exam.

tired (adj) /ˈtaɪəd/ atigué I oten eel tired ater work.

tiring (adj) /ˈtaɪrɪŋ/ atigant Work can be very tiring.

expressions with “get” expressions avec « get ») get a text message /ˌget ə ˈtekst ˌmesɪʤ/ recevoir , trouver How many text messages do you get a day?

un message

get a job /ˌget ə ˈʤɒb

/

trouver un travail I want to get a job or the summer.

get new shoes /ˌget ˌnjuː ˈʃuːz/ trouver des nouvelles I’m going shopping; I want to get some new shoes.chaussures

2) get better /ˌget ˈbetə/ devenir/aller mieux He works hard and is getting better at English.

get dark /ˌget ˈdɑːk / devenir sombre, It gets dark early in the winter.aire nuit

get warm /ˌget ˈwɑːm/ devenir/aire chaud In the summer, it can get very warm.



5

3) get home /ˌget ˈhəʊm/ arriver à la maison What time do you get home?

get there /ˈget ˌðeə/ arriver là, y arriver It takes me 20 minutes to get to school; I leave home at.30 and get there at .50.

get to work /ˌget tə ˈwɜːk / arriver au travail What time do you get to work in the morning?

4) get changed /ˌget ˈʧeɪnʤd/ se changer I got changed and went to play ootball.

get dressed /ˌget ˈdrest/ s’habiller I had a shower and got dressed.

get married /ˌget ˈmærid/ se marier Do you want to get married?

5) get on (phr v) /ˌget ˈɒn/ (bien) s’entendre Do you get on with your brothers and sisters?

get together (phr v) /ˌget təˈgeðə/ se retrouver, être Shall we all get together or a drink?ensemble

get up (phr v) /ˌget ˈʌp/ se lever He usually gets up at .30 in the morning.

narrative linkers mots charnièresA week later /ə ˌwiːk ˈleɪtə/ Une semaine plus tard A week later, Hermione sent a postcard saying, “Too

much salt.”!

At rst /ˌət ˈfɜːst/ Au début, d’abord At frst she was only 5 or 20 minutes late. But she gotlater and later.

At the end o (August) /ˌət ðiː ˈend əv/ À la n d’(août) It’s my birthday at the end o August.

Finally (adv) /ˈfaɪn(ə)li/ Finalement Finally she took a pair o scissors and cut the arms andlegs o all his suits.

Last year /ˌlɑːst ˈjɪə/ L’année dernière Last year, I went out with Hermione or our months.

Next (adv) /nekst/ Ensuite Next she took his collection o wines rom the cellar.

One day /ˈwʌn ˌdeɪ/ Un jour One day she saw his car parked outside his lover’s house.

That evening /ˌðæt ˈiːvnɪŋ/ Ce soir-là That evening my riends arrived on time but Hermionewas late.

That night /ˌðæt ˈnaɪt/ Cette nuit-là That night she went round the village and placed abottle o wine on each doorstep.

The next morning /ðə ˌnekst ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ Le lendemain matin The next morning I posted her dinner to her.

Then (adv) /ðen/ Puis, après She drove to the lover’s house. Then she poured whitepaint over her husband’s car.



6

relationship expressions locUtions exprimant Une relationchat sb up (phr v) /ˌʧæt sʌmbədi ˈʌp/ draguer/allumer qn She chatted Fred up by saying, “I’ll be your girl tonight.”

all in love /ˌfɔːl ɪn ˈlʌv/ tomber amoureux When did Teresa and Fred rst all in love?

ancy sb (v) /ˌfænsi ˈsʌmbədi/ se sentir attiré par qn I you ancy someone, you want to have relationship withthem.

get divorced /ˌget dɪˈvɔːst/ être divorcé, divorcer Teresa got divorced ater 30 years o marriage.

get married /ˌget ˈmærid/ se marier How old were your parents when they got married?

go out together /ˌgəʊ ˌaʊt təˈgeðə/ sortir ensemble They met in Blackpool and went out together or threemonths.

have children /ˌhæv ˈʧɪldrən/ avoir des enants Do you agree that the main reason or getting married isto have children?

have a row /ˌhæv ə ˈraʊ/ avoir une dispute, She was very angry and they had a row.une scène

kiss sb (v) /ˌkɪs ˈsʌmbədi/ embrasser qn When you kiss someone, you touch their ace with yourlips to show that you like them.

live together (phr v) /ˌlɪv təˈgeðə/ vivre ensemble Is it a good idea to live together beore you get

married?lose touch (with sb) /ˌluːz ˈtʌʧ / perdre contact (avec qn) We lost touch with each other ater a ew months.

meet (sb) (v) /miːt/ rencontrer (qn) Teresa and Fred rst met ty years ago.

meet the parents /ˌmiːt ðə ˈpeərənts/ être présenté aux parents I was quite nervous beore meeting the parents.

move in together /ˌmuːv ˈɪn təˌgeðə/ emménager ensemble When two people move in together, they start livingtogether in the same house or fat.

ring sb up (phr v) /ˌrɪŋ sʌmbədi ˈʌp/ appeler qn (par tél.) Fred rang her up and they met soon ater that.

split up (phr v) /ˌsplɪt ˈʌp/ se séparer When two people split up, they end their relationship.

r a (.28)

arrange to do sth /əˌreɪnʤ tə ˈduː sʌmθɪŋ/ convenir de aire qch. One day we arranged to meet in a caé.

chat (v) /ʧæt/ bavarder We chatted and I discovered Mark was an interestingperson.

condent (adj) /ˈkɒnfɪd(ə)nt/ sûr de soi Adriana knew everyone and was very confdent.



cool (adj) /kuːl/ cool I liked her but thought she was too cool.

ar too much/many /ˈfɑː tuː ˌmʌʧ /ˌmeni/ bien trop de We eat ar too much chocolate/ ar too many chocolates.

a rst impression o sb /ə ˌfɜːst ɪmˈpreʃn əv une première What was your frst impression o your best riend?ˌsʌmbədi/ impression de qn

generous (adj) /ˈʤenərəs/ généreux Deb’s a antastic person – she’s very generous and a loto un.

get into trouble /ˌget ɪntə ˈtrʌbl/ se mettre dans We were naughty at school and got into trouble!des problèmes

good-looking (adj) /ˌgʊdˈlʊkɪŋ/ bien de sa personne Someone who is good-looking has an attractive ace.

home town (n) /ˌhəʊm ˈtaʊn/ ville natale Your home town is the town where you were born orgrew up.

immediately (adv) /ɪˈmiːdiətli/ immédiatement Deb and Liz met in a caé and liked each otherimmediately.

internet chat site (n) /ˌɪntənet ˈʧæt ˌsaɪt/ site internet de chat We met on an internet chat site in 2003.

laugh (v) /lɑːf / rire Woody made me laugh 20 years ago and he makes melaugh now!

a living (n sing.) /ˌə ˈlɪvɪŋ/ gagner sa vie/ pour vivre “What do you do or a living?” “I’m a nurse.”look like /ˈlʊk ˌlaɪk / ressembler à He looks very young, in act he looks like a student.

mean (v) /miːn/ signier What does your name mean?

mistake (n) /mɪˈsteɪk / erreur I do my work careully – I never make mistakes!

naughty (adj) /ˈnɔːti/ méchant We were naughty at school and got into trouble!

online (adv) /ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ en ligne, online They talked online all the time and one day theyarranged to meet.

public transport (n) /ˌpʌblɪk ˈtrænspɔːt/ transports publics Public transport is transport that everyone can use suchas buses and trains.

similar (adj) /ˈsɪmɪlə/ semblable Deb and Liz are very similar – they both lived abroad and

both had parents who got divorced.single (adj) /ˈsɪŋgl/ célibataire Someone who is single is not married or does not have a

partner.

wake up (phr v) /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ se réveiller They were watching TV when the baby woke up.



U 4 (.32)

according to /əˈkɔːdɪŋ ˌtuː/ selon, d’après According to environmental groups, cheap clothes arebad or the environment.

across the UK/Spain etc /əˌkrɒs ðə juːˈkeɪ/ˈspeɪn/ à travers/dans tout le New stores are openingacross the UK, Spain and Ireland.

Royaume-Uni/ l’Espagne etcaord to do sth /əˌfɔːd tə ˈduː sʌmθɪŋ/ avoir les moyens de Jim can’t aord to buy electronic equipment – it’s too

aire qch. expensive.

agree (v) /əˈgriː/ être d’accord Most men only agree to go shopping when they reallyneed something.

appointment (n) /əˈpɔɪntmənt/ rendez-vous It’s annoying when people are late or appointments.

on average /ˌɒn ˈævrɪʤ/ en moyenne On average, people buy 50 items o clothing a year.

avoid (v) /əˈvɔɪd/ éviter Why does Conor avoid going into supermarkets?

book review (n) /ˈbʊk rɪˌvjuː/ critique d’un livre A book review is an article in which someone gives theiropinion about a book they have read.

I don’t bother to do sth /aɪ ˌdəʊnt ˌbɒðə tə ˈduː je ne m’embête pas Some women don’t bother to look at the price tag beoreˌsʌmθɪŋ/ à aire qch. they buy.

je ne me donne pasle mal de ..

brightly coloured (adj) /ˈbraɪtli ˌkʌləd/ de couleur vive Do you preer dark or brightly coloured clothes?

compare (v) /kəmˈpeə/ comparer I enjoy comparing prices and quality in dierent shops.

consumer (n) /kənˈsjuːmə/ consommateur Consumers pay low prices or clothes at Primark.

cry (v) (TS) /kraɪ/ pleurer When Eddie’s sister read the card, she cried!

damage (v) /ˈdæmɪʤ/ abîmer Friends o the Earth say cheap clothes are damaging theenvironment.

dark (adj) /dɑːk / sombre Do you preer dark or brightly coloured clothes?

diamond ring (n) /ˌdaɪəmənd ˈrɪŋ/ bague avec un diamant He bought her an expensive diamond ring or herbirthday.

digital (adj) /ˈdɪʤɪtl/ digitale Do you have digital TV?

disaster (n) (TS) /dɪˈzɑːstə/ désastre She didn’t like the present and cried when she read thecard. What a disaster!

disposable (adj) /dɪsˈpəʊzəbl/ à jeter, jetable You can’t recycle cheap clothes – they are disposable.



the environment (n sing.) /ˌðiː ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ l’environnement The environment is the natural world we live in,including land, water and air.

environmental group (n) /ɪnˌvaɪrənˌmentl ˈgruːp/ groupe écologiste Environmental groups want to protect theenvironment.

eventually (adv) (TS) /ɪˈvenʧuəli/ nalement Eventually Eddie ound a really good present – a oot spa.

exchange (v) /ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ/ échanger Can I exchange the top i it doesn’t t?

the ashion pages (n pl) /ðə ˈfæʃn ˌpeɪʤəz/ pages de mode Are you interested in the ashion pages o magazines?

t (v) /fɪt/ aller (vêtement) I clothes ft you, they are the right size or you.

oot spa (n) (TS) /ˈfʊt ˌspɑː/ pédiluve, bain de pied A oot spa is a piece o equipment which you ll withwater and put your eet into to relax.

unny (adj) (TS) /ˈfʌni/ drôle I bought a lovely card or her and wrote a unny messageinside.

gadget (n) /ˈgæʤɪt/ gadget A lot o men like electronic gadgets.

get dressed/undressed /ˌget ˈdrest/ʌnˈdrest/ s’habiller, se déshabiller I always get dressed beore breakast.

give somebody a lit /ˌgɪv sʌmbədi ə ˈlɪft/ prendre/emmener qn Will you give me a lit to the station?(en voiture)

go mad or sth /ˌgəʊ ˈmæd fə sʌmθɪŋ/ devenir ou, perdre la Women went mad or the jacket, which cost £2.tête pour qch.

go on the internet (TS) /ˌgəʊ ɒn ðiː ˈɪntənet/ aller sur Internet Eddie went on the internet to nd his sister a present.

increase (v) /ɪnˈkriːs/ accroître Prots are increasing at Primark and new stores areopening.

intuitive (adj) /ɪnˈtjuːətɪv/ intuiti Someone who is intuitive knows the right thing to say ordo.

item o clothing (n) /ˌaɪtəm əv ˈkləʊðɪŋ/ articles d’habillement On average, people buy 50 items o clothing a year.

jewellery (n) /ˈʤuːəlri/ bijoux Rings, necklaces and bracelets are all types o jewellery.

keep (v) /kiːp/ garder, conserver Do you agree that a real present is something you can

keep?last (v) /lɑːst/ durer Flowers are lovely but they don’t last or more than a

week.

manage to do sth /ˌmænɪʤ tə ˈduː sʌmθɪŋ/ parvenir à aire qch. Jim never manages to fnd time to go shopping.

medium (adj) /ˈmiːdiəm/ moyen A medium size is neither big nor small.

I don’t mind doing sth /aɪ ˌdəʊnt ˌmaɪnd ˈduːɪŋ Cela ne me gêne pas I don’t mind spending a long time lookingsʌmθɪŋ/ (de aire qch.) or clothes.



20

necessity (n) /nəˈsesəti/ nécessité For Conor shopping is a necessity, not a pleasure.

overjoyed (adj) /ˌəʊvəˈʤɔɪd/ ou de joie My husband was overjoyed when I bought him a Swissarmy knie.

planet (n) /ˈplænɪt/ planète Things that you can’t recycle are bad or the planet.

present (n) /ˈprezənt/ cadeau Men and women like dierent sorts o present.

price tag (n) /ˈpraɪs ˌtæg/ étiquette du prix Do you always look at the price tag beore you buyclothes?

prots (n pl) /ˈprɒfɪts/ prots Profts are increasing at Primark and new stores areopening.

put on (phr v) /ˌpʊt ˈɒn/ mettre qch. “Get dressed” means the same as “putting clothes on”.

real (adj) /ˈrɪəl/ vrai Do you agree that a real present is something you cankeep?

receipt (n) /rɪˈsiːt/ quittance, reçu I you want to exchange something, you must keep thereceipt.

recycle (v) /riːˈsaɪkl/ recycler Things that you can recycle are good or the planet.

reuse (v) /rɪˈfjuːz/ reuser Why does Jim reuse to go into shoe shops with his

girlriend?rename (v) /riːˈneɪm/ rebaptiser, renommer In 2005 Primark was renamed “the new Prada”.

right (adj) /raɪt/ bonne, juste I clothes t you, they are the right size or you.

second-hand (adv) /ˌsekəndˈhænd/ d’occasion You can’t sell cheap clothes second-hand.

silly (adj) /ˈsɪli/ ridicule Men don’t usually like brightly coloured ties or silly socks.

size (n) /saɪz/ taille What size is she – small, medium or large?

spokesperson (n) /ˈspəʊksˌpɜːsn/ porte-parole A spokesperson is someone who expresses the opiniono a large organisation.

(I) can’t stand doing sth /(aɪ) ˌkɑːnt ˌstænd ˈduːɪŋ (Je) ne peux supporter A lot o men can’t stand shopping or clothes.sʌmθɪŋ/ de aire qch.

suit (v) /suːt/ aller (vêtement) Red doesn’t really suit me.

surprise (n) səˈpraɪz surprise I always tell my amily I want a surprise or my birthday,but I never get it.

Swiss army knie (n) /ˌswɪs ˈɑːmi ˌnaɪf / couteau suisse A Swiss army knie is a knie with a red handle thatdoes a lot o dierent things.

take o (phr v) /ˌteɪk ˈɒf / ôter “Taking o” your clothes means the same as “gettingundressed”.



2

try on (phr v) /ˌtraɪ ˈɒn/ essayer When you try clothes on, you put them on to see i theyt beore you buy them.

as usual /ˌəz ˈjuːʒʊəl/ comme d’habitude As usual she didn’t really get what she wanted or herbirthday.

adverbs oF FreqUency adverbes de FréqUence

always (adv) /ˈɔːlweɪz/ toujours My amily always ask me what I want and I always tellthem the same thing.

hardly ever (adv) /ˌhɑːdli ˈevə/ presque jamais Flowers hardly ever last or more than a week.

never (adv) /ˈnevə/ jamais Jim never manages to nd time to go shopping.

normally (adv) /ˈnɔːm(ə)li/ régulièrement, My girlriend normally goes shopping without me.normalement

occasionally (adv) /əˈkeɪʒn(ə)li/ occasionnellement “How oten does Conor go into a clothes shop?” “Onlyvery occasionally.”

oten (adv) /ˈɒfn/ souvent Conor oten goes into book shops.

rarely (adv) /ˈreəli/ rarement Jim rarely goes shopping with his girlriend.

sometimes (adv) /ˈsʌmˌtaɪmz/ quelque ois I sometimes do my ood shopping online.usually (adv) /ˈjuːʒʊəli/ habituellement She usually goes shopping without me.

collocations: a box oF … locUtions : Une boîte de…a bUnch oF … Un boUqUet de…a bottle o wine/ /ə ˌbɒtl əv ˈwaɪn/ une bouteille de vin/ Can I order a bottle o red wine?perume/whisky ˈpɜːfjuːm/ˈwɪski/ parum/whisky

a box o chocolates/ /ə ˌbɒks əv ˈʧɒkləts/ une boîte de chocolats/ They gave me a box o chocolates or mymatches/tissues ˈmæʧəz/ˈtɪʃuːz/ d’allumettes/de mouchoirs birthday.

a bunch o fowers/ /ə ˌbʌnʧ əv ˈaʊəz/ un bouquet de feurs/ I got lots o bunches o grapes when I was in hospital.

grapes/keys ˈgreɪps/ˈkiːz/ une grappe de raisin/ un trousseau de clés

a can o beans/ /ə ˌkæn əv ˈbiːnz/ une boîte de haricots/ Pour the can o tomatoes into a saucepan.petrol/tomatoes ˈpetrəl/təˈmɑːtəʊz/ un jerrycan d’essence/

une boîte de tomates

a jar o jam/instant /ə ˌʤɑːr əv ˈʤæm/ un pot de conture/un He opened a jar o instant coee.coee/mayonnaise ɪnstənt ˈkɒ/meɪəˈneɪz/ pot de caé instantané/

un verre de mayonnaise



22

a packet o cigarettes/ /ə ˌpækɪt əv ˈsɪgərets/ un paquet de How much is a packet o cigarettes?crisps/biscuits ˈkrɪsps/ˈbɪskɪts/ cigarettes/

chips/gâteaux secs

a pair o socks/scissors/ /ə ˌpeər əv ˈsɒks/ˈsɪzəz/ une paire de She bought her husband a pair o brightly coloured socks. jeans ˈʤiːnz/ chaussettes/ ciseaux/

un jean

a piece o cake/ /ə ˌpiːs əv ˈkeɪk / une part de gâteau/ A cup o coee and a piece o cake, please.

urniture/wood ˈf ɜːnɪʧə/ˈwʊd/ un meuble/ un morceaude bois

clothes and accessories vêtements et accessoiresbracelet (n) /ˈbreɪslət/ bracelet A bracelet is a piece o jewellery you wear around your

arm.

dress (n) /dres/ robe A lot o women preer wearing jeans to dresses andskirts.

earrings (n pl) /ˈɪərɪŋz/ boucles d’oreille Earrings are pieces o jewellery you wear in your ears.

gloves (n) /glʌvz/ gants You wear gloves on your hands in winter to keep them

warm.hat (n) /hæt/ chapeau He was wearing a woollen hat on his head.

jacket (n) /ˈʤæk ɪt/ veste My avourite piece o clothing is my blue denim jacket.

jeans (n pl) /ʤiːnz/ jean The denim jeans in Photo A cost £20.

jumper (n) /ˈʤʌmpə/ tricot (de emme), A jumper is a piece o clothing made o wool that coverspull-over your arms and body.

necklace (n) /ˈnekləs/ collier A necklace is a piece o jewellery that you wear aroundyour neck.

pyjamas (n pl) / pəˈʤɑːməz/ pyjama Pyjamas are a jacket and trousers that you wear in bed.

raincoat (n) /ˈreɪnˌkəʊt/ imperméable In Photo A Jade is wearing a cream cotton raincoat.

scar (n) /skɑːrf / oulard You wear a scar round your neck in winter to keepwarm.

shirt (n) / ʃɜːrt/ chemise Conor only goes into clothes shops i he needs a newshirt.

shoes (n pl) / ʃuːz/ chaussures Do you preer wearing shoes or trainers?

shorts (n pl) / ʃɔːts/ short In Photos B and D Jade is wearing plain red shorts.

skirt (n) /skɜːt/ jupe A lot o women preer wearing jeans to dresses andskirts.



23

suit (n) /suːt/ costume I wear ormal clothes such as suits to work.

tie (n) /taɪ/ cravatte Men don’t usually like brightly coloured ties.

tights (n pl) /taɪts/ collants (vêtement) Tights are a piece o clothing worn by women that coverthe eet and legs.

top (n) /tɒp/ haut, top In Photo D Jade is wearing a blue-and-white striped top.

trainers (n pl) /ˈtreɪnəz/ baskets Do you preer wearing shoes or trainers?

vest (n) /vest/ maillot (de corps) A vest is a type o T-shirt without sleeves.

waistcoat (n) /ˈweɪstˌkəʊt/ gilet A waistcoat is an item o clothing without sleeves thatyou wear over a shirt.

designs dessinschecked (adj) /ʧekt/ à carreaux A checked shirt is a shirt with a design o small or large

squares.

foral (adj) /ˈɔːrəl/ à feurs A oral design is a design with fowers on it.

pinstriped (adj) /ˈpɪnˌstraɪpt/ à rayures nes People such as bankers or businessmen oten wearpinstriped suits.

plain (adj) / pleɪn/ uni A plain shirt or top has no design on it.

striped (adj) /straɪpt/ rayé In Photo D she’s wearing a blue-and-white striped top.

materials tissUscotton (adj) /ˈkɒtn/ coton Do you preer cotton or nylon shirts?

denim (adj) /ˈdenɪm/ denim Most people have a pair o denim jeans.

leather (adj) /ˈleðə/ cuir He was wearing an expensive pair o leather shoes.

nylon (adj) /ˈnaɪlɒn/ nylon I want a pair o black nylon tights.

silk (adj) /sɪlk / soie He likes wearing expensive silk ties.

woollen (adj) /ˈwʊlən/ (de, en) laine Woollen hats are ashionable or young peoplenowadays.



24

U 5 (.40)

application orm (n) /æplɪˈkeɪʃn ˌfɔːm/ ormulaire de demande Fill in the application orm and post it to us.

awake (adj) /əˈweɪk / réveillé “Awake” is the opposite o “asleep”.

be in danger /ˌbiː ɪn ˈdeɪnʤə

/ être en danger Your health is in danger! You must do more exercise.

benet (n) (TS) /ˈbenɪfɪt/ bénéce One o the benefts o laughter is that it reduces theeects o stress.

boost (v) (TS) / buːst/ stimuler Laughter boosts the immune system.

busy (adj) /ˈbɪzi/ (très) réquenté Heathrow Airport is busier than Los Angeles Airport.

call o (phr v) /ˌkɔːl ˈɒf / annuler Nobody can come to my party – I’d better call it o.

cash (n) /kæʃ / en espèces Cash is money in the orm o notes and coins.

celebrity (n) (TS) /səˈlebrəti/ célébrité, personnalité Beckham, Alonso and Federer are all sports celebrities.

cheap (adj) /ʧiːp/ bon marché “Cheap” is the opposite o “expensive”.

clear up (phr v) /klɪə/ remettre en ordre I you clear something up, you make it clean or tidy.

climb (v) /klaɪm/ monter Do you climb more than 00 stairs a day?

complex (adj) /ˈkɒmpleks/ compliqué Do you think that women are more complex than men?

convenient (adj) /kənˈviːniənt/ commode A lot o people nd shopping online more convenient.

cycle (v) /ˈsaɪkl/ aller à bicyclette Do you walk or cycle to school?

dangerously (adv) /ˈdeɪnʤərəsli/ dangereusement I you scored 20 or less, you are dangerously unt.

deal with sth (phr v) /ˈdiːl wɪð ˌsʌmθɪŋ/ s’occuper (de qch), I must deal with this problem immediately.régler (une aaire)

do the ironing /ˌduː ðiː ˈaɪənɪŋ/ aire le repassage When you do the ironing, you make clean clothessmooth using an iron.

earnings (n pl) /ˈɜːnɪŋz/ salaire Someone’s earnings are the amount o money they getby doing a job.

enjoyable (adj) /ɪnˈʤɔɪəbl/ agréable Lie is more enjoyable when you’re t.

ll in (phr v) /ˌfɪl ˈɪn/ remplir Fill in the application orm and post it to us.

t (adj) /fɪt/ en orme I you are ft, you are healthy and active.

reezing (adj) (TS) /ˈfriːzɪŋ/ gelé The swimming pool wasn’t heated and the water wasreezing.



25

get ready /ˌget ˈredi/ être prêt, se préparer How long does it take you to get ready to go out or theevening?

get to sleep /ˌget tə ˈsliːp/ s’endormir How long does it take you to get to sleep at night?

give away (phr v) /ˌgɪv əˈweɪ/ donner I you give something away, you give it to someone elsewithout asking or money.

give up (phr v) /ˌgɪv ˈʌp/ abandonner, arrêter It’s a good idea to give up smoking.

(de aire qch.)gorgeous (adj) (TS) /ˈgɔːʤəs/ magnique Someone who is gorgeous is very good-looking and

healthy.

hang up (phr v) /ˌhæŋ ˈʌp/ accrocher Hang up your clothes when you take them o.

have a laugh /ˌhæv ə ˈlɑːf / rire (v.) aux éclats Having a laugh is good or people.

health (n) /heˈlθ/ santé I you scored 20 or less, your health is in danger.

healthy (adj) /ˈhelθi/ en bonne santé Healthy people nd lie more enjoyable.

heated (adj) (TS) /ˈhiːtɪd/ chaué The swimming pool wasn’t heated and the water wasreezing.

high (adj) /haɪ/ haut Mount Kilimanjaro is higher than Mount Fuji.

hold on (phr v) /ˌhəʊld ˈɒn/ tenir, agripper Hold on to the board. Don’t let go!

housework (n) /ˈhaʊsˌwɜːk / ménage Do you do at least one hour o housework a day?

immune system (n) (TS) /ɪmˈjuːn ˌsɪstəm/ système immunitaire Laughter boosts the immune system.

inside (adv) (TS) /ɪnˈsaɪd/ à l’intérieur I it was raining, we stayed inside and did Scottishdancing.

kick (v) /kɪk / donner un coup de pied In ootball you must kick the ball, not touch it with yourhand.

laughter (n) /ˈlɑːftə/ rire (s) (n.) 5 to 20 minutes o laughter a day is good or you.

let go /ˌlet ˈgəʊ/ lâcher prise Hold on to the board. Don’t let go!

lie (v) /laɪ/ être allongé Do you preer to lie on the beach or go sightseeing?look my best /ˌlʊk mə ˈbest/ être à son avantage When I want to look my best, I wear a suit.

lung (n) (TS) /lʌŋ/ poumon A loud laugh exercises the lungs.

(a) mess (n sing.) /mes/ désordre Clear up this mess, please!

novel (n) /ˈnɒvl/ roman A novel is a story about people or situations that are notreal.

pick up (phr v) /ˌpɪk ˈʌp/ ramasser Pick up the racket and try again.



26

possession (n) / pəˈzeʃn/ possession, bien My most valuable possession is my MP3 player.

practise (v) /ˈpræktɪs/ s’exercer I’m not very good at tennis because I don’t have time topractise.

release (v) /rɪˈliːs/ libérer When you laugh, you release happy chemicals calledendorphins.

reliable (adj) /rɪˈlaɪəbl/ sûr Are German cars more reliable than British cars?

as a result /ˌəz ə rɪˈzʌlt/ par suite de You are healthier than most people and nd lie moreenjoyable as a result.

rude (adj) (TS) /ruːd/ grossier, malpoli “You’re horrible!” “Don’t be rude, Rebecca!”

sae (adj) /seɪf / plus sûr Is fying saer than driving a car?

(tennis) serve (n) /sɜːv/ service (tennis) Andy Roddick has the astest tennis serve.

(go) sightseeing /ˈsaɪtˌsiːɪŋ/ aller visiter Do you preer to lie on the beach or go sightseeing?

sit down (phr v) /ˌsɪt ˈdaʊn/ s’asseoir Don’t eat breakast on your eet. Sit down and enjoy it!

smell (v) /smel/ sentir I you smell something, you recognise its smell with yournose.

sophisticated (adj) /səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtɪd/ sophistiqué, recherché A lot o people think French ood is very sophisticated.

study (n) (TS) /ˈstʌdi/ étude A recent study shows that adults don’t laugh enough.

sweaty (adj) /ˈsweti/ en sueur I you are sweaty, the surace o your skin is wet becauseyou are very hot.

switch o (phr v) /ˌswɪʧ ˈɒf / éteindre Switching o the lights and sitting in silence is a goodway to relax.

switch on (phr v) /ˌswɪʧ ˈɒn/ allumer Only switch on the TV i you really want to watchsomething.

talented (adj) /ˈtæləntɪd/ talentueux Cristiano Ronaldo is young, good-looking and a verytalented player.

thin (adj) /θɪn/ mince “Thin” is the opposite o “at”.

throw (v) /θrəʊ/ lancer Pick up your racket and throw the ball in the air.

throw away (phr v) /ˌθrəʊ əˈweɪ/ jeter Throw away any clothes you haven’t worn or the pasttwo years.

touch (v) /tʌʧ / toucher In ootball, you mustn’t touch the ball with your hand.

trust (v) /trʌst/ aire conance Only .2% o the population trust the government.

turn up (phr v) /ˌtɜːn ˈʌp/ augmenter, monter I you turn up the volume, you make music or soundlouder.



2

unt (adj) /ʌnˈfɪt/ pas en orme Someone who is unft is not healthy or active.

valuable (adj) /ˈvæljʊbl/ précieux, de prix My most valuable possession is my MP3 player.

walk (v) /wɔːk / marcher Do you walk or cycle to school?

wet (adj) /wet/ humide Rome is wetter than London.

how? …qUestions qUel /-le?…, combien de… ? Forme interrogativeHow ar…? /ˌhaʊ ˈfɑː/ (à) quelle distance… ? How ar is it rom your house to school?

How ast…? /ˌhaʊ ˈfɑːst/ (à) quelle vitesse… ? How ast does your car go?

How long…? /ˌhaʊ ˈlɒŋ/ Combien de temps… ? How long does it take you to do your homework?

How many…? /ˌhaʊ ˈmeni/ Combien de (pl.)… ? How many brothers and sisters do you have?

How much…? /ˌhaʊ ˈmʌʧ / Combien de (sing.).. ? How much exercise do you do every week?

How oten…? /ˌhaʊ ˈɒfn/ Combien de ois… ? How oten do you travel by train?

How old…? /ˌhaʊ ˈəʊld/ Quel âge.. ? How old is Thierry Henry?

How well…? /ˌhaʊ ˈwel/ (à) quel point… ? How well do you know your neighbours?

sports sportsaerobic exercise (n) /eəˈrəʊbɪk / exercice d’aérobic Cycling and rowing are orms o aerobic exercise.

athletics (n) /æθˈletɪks/ athlétisme I never enjoyed doing athletics at school.

basketball (n) /ˈbɑːskɪtˌbɔːl/ basket-ball Proessional basketball players are oten very tall.

cycling (n) /ˈsaɪklɪŋ/ cyclisme, aire du vélo Cycling is a popular sport in France.

shing (n) /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/ pêche, aller à la pêche Fishing is the sport o catching sh.

ootball (n) /ˈfʊtbɔːl/ ootball Football is a very popular sport.

gol (n) /gɒlf / gol Gol is quite an expensive sport.

hiking (n) /ˈhaɪkɪŋ

/ aire de la randonnée, At weekends I enjoy going hiking in the hills.marcher à pied

hockey (n) /ˈhɒki/ hockey In winter Tina did hockey at school.

horse-riding (n) (TS) /ˈhɔːsˌraɪdɪŋ/ monter à cheval, Rebecca hates tennis but likes horse-riding.équitation

jogging (n) /ˈʤɒgɪŋ/ jogging Do you sometimes go jogging?

judo (n) /ˈʤuːdəʊ/ judo People usually wear a white jacket and trousers to do judo.



2

rowing (n) /ˈrəʊɪŋ/ aviron Cycling and rowing are orms o aerobic exercise.

rugby (n) /ˈrʌgbi/ rugby Rugby is more popular with men than women.

skiing (n) /ˈskiːɪŋ/ aire du ski We oten go skiing in the mountains.

snowboarding (n) /ˈsnəʊˌbɔːdɪŋ/ aire du snowboard I’d like to go snowboarding. I love the mountains.

soccer (n) /ˈsɒkə/ ootball américain In the USA, people call ootball “soccer”.

swimming (n) /ˈswɪmɪŋ/ aire de la natation She goes swimming three times a week.tennis (n) /ˈtenɪs/ tennis You need a racket and balls to play tennis.

volleyball (n) /ˈvɒliˌbɔːl/ volleyball Do you enjoy playing volleyball on the beach?

windsurng (n) /ˈwɪndˌsɜːfɪŋ/ aire de la planche I’ve never been windsurfng. I can’t swim.à voile

sports – eqUipment sports – éqUipement ootball (n) /ˈfʊtbɔːl/ ballon de ootball The ball you kick when you play ootball is also called a

ootball.

ootball boots (n) /ˈfʊtbɔːl ˌbuːts/ chaussures de ootball Ronaldo wears expensive ootball boots.

ootball shirt (n) /ˈfʊtbɔːl ˌʃɜːt/ maillot de ootball Jimmy’s wearing the number on his ootball shirt.goggles (n) /ˈgɒglz/ lunettes de natation Goggles protect your eyes when you are swimming.

gol ball (n) /ˈgɒlf ˌbɔːl/ balle de gol A gol ball is small, round and white.

gol club (n) /ˈgɒlf ˌklʌb/ club de gol Gol clubs are the things that you hit a gol ball with.

helmet (n) /ˈhelmɪt/ casque A helmet protects your head when you are skiing.

net (n) /net/ let In tennis you must hit the ball over the net.

running shoes (n) /ˈrʌnɪŋ ˌʃuːz/ chaussures de course/ You should wear special running shoes to do athletics. jogging

running vest (n) /ˈrʌnɪŋ ˌvest/ maillot de sport A running vest is a type o T-shirt without sleeves thatyou wear when you do athletics.

ski boots (n pl) /ˈskiː ˌbuːts/ chaussures de ski How much does a pair o ski boots cost?

ski poles (n pl) /ˈskiː ˌpəʊlz/ bâtons de ski Ski poles are the sticks you hold when you are skiing.

skis (n pl) /skiːz/ skis Skis are the things you wear on your eet to go skiing.

swimming costume (n) /ˈswɪmɪŋ ˌkɒstjuːm/ maillot de bain A swimming costume is a piece o clothing worn or(une pièce) swimming, especially by women.

swimming trunks (n pl) /ˈswɪmɪŋ ˌtrʌŋks/ slip (maillot) de bain Men wear swimming trunks when they go swimming.



2

tennis ball (n) /ˈtenɪs ˌbɔːl/ balle de tennis Tennis balls are round and usually yellow.

tennis racket (n) /ˈtenɪs ˌrækɪt/ raquette de tennis In tennis, you hit the ball using a tennis racket.

sports – people sportiFsathlete (n) /ˈæθliːt/ athlète You have to be very t to be a proessional athlete.

boxer (n) /ˈbɒksə/ boxeur A boxer is someone who wears thick gloves to ght in aring.

ootballer (n) /ˈfʊtbɔːlə/ ootballeur Beckham, Henry and Ronaldo are all proessionalootballers.

goler (n) /ˈgɒlfə/ goleur Someone who plays the sport o gol is a goler.

skier (n) /ˈskiːə/ skieur You have to be very t to be a proessional skier.

swimmer (n) /ˈswɪmə/ nageur All swimmers should wear goggles in the swimmingpool.

tennis player (n) /ˈtenɪs ˌpleɪə/ joueur de tennis Roger Federer is the world’s best tennis player.

sports – places sports – lieUxathletics track (n) /æθˈletɪks ˌtræk / piste d’athlétisme Athletes run around an athletic track, which is circular in

shape.

ootball pitch (n) /ˈfʊtbɔːl ˌpɪʧ / terrain de ootball A ootball pitch is the large rectangular area wherepeople play ootball.

gol course (n) /ˈgɒlf ˌkɔːs/ terrain de gol Walking round a gol course is good exercise.

ski resort (n) /ˈskiː ˌrɪzɔːt/ station de ski Are there any amous ski resorts in your country?

sports eld (n) (TS) /ˈspɔːts ˌːld/ terrain de sport At Tina’s school there was a sports feld, tennis courtsand a swimming pool.

swimming pool (n) /ˈswɪmɪŋ ˌpuːl/ piscine All swimmers should wear goggles in the swimmingpool.

tennis court (n) /ˈtenɪs ˌkɔːt/ court de tennis A tennis court is the large rectangular area wherepeople play tennis.



30

U 6 (.48)

audio equipment (n) /ˈɔːdiəʊ ɪˌkwɪpmənt/ matériel/équipement audio Bensons is a company that produces audio equipment.

baggy (adj) /ˈbægi/ ample, lâche Baggy clothes do not t your body tightly.

bakery (n) /ˈbeɪkəri/ pâtisserie Charlotte dreams o living in a bakery and eating cakesall day.

best (superl. adj) / best/ le meilleur The best thing about being sel-employed is that you cango on holiday when you want.

bite (n) / baɪt/ morsure The dog gave Sally a nasty bite.

bite (v) / baɪt/ mordre The worst thing that happened to Sally was the dog thatbit her.

both (pronoun) / bəʊθ/ les deux Does Charlotte want to be a model or a snowboarder?She wants to do both.

break your leg /ˌbreɪk jə ˈleg/ se casser une jambe I she breaks her leg snowboarding, she can’t domodelling.

conveyor belt (n) /kənˈveɪə ˌbelt/ chaîne (travail à la), Rob stood at the end o a conveyor belt, putting eggsbande transporteuse into boxes.

crash helmet (n) /ˈkræʃ ˌhelmɪt/ casque de protection A crash helmet protects your head when you are doing adangerous activity.

department store (n) /dɪˈpɑːtmənt ˌstɔː/ grand magazin A department store is a large store that sells manydierent types o things.

designer clothes (n pl) /dɪˌzaɪnə ˈkləʊðz/ vêtements de marque When she’s modelling, Charlotte wears beautiuldesigner clothes.

disgusting (adj) /dɪsˈgʌstɪŋ/ dégoûtant The smell in the egg actory was disgusting!

egg-packing actory (n) /ˈegpækɪŋ ˌfæktri/ usine d’emballage d’œus Working conditions in the egg-packing actory wereterrible.

all (v) /fɔːl/ tomber Snowboarding is sometimes dangerous and I oten all.

attening (adj) /ˈfætnɪŋ/ qui ait grossir Cakes and chocolate are attening ood.

fight (n) /aɪt/ vol A fight attendant doesn’t have to pay or ights.

ruit-picking (n) /ˈfruːtˌpɪkɪŋ/ la récolte des ruits Have you ever done ruit-picking in the summer?

hand out (phr v) /ˌhænd ˈaʊt/ distribuer One o Rob’s jobs was handing out publicity fyers on thestreet.



3

jump (n) /ʤʌmp/ saut For the jumps and turns in snowboarding, you have to bestrong.

model (v) /ˈmɒdl/ présenter, porter She can’t model the best skirts in Paris i she breaks herleg!

modelling (n) /ˈmɒdlɪŋ/ aire le mannequin Would you like a career in modelling?

muscles (n pl) /ˈmʌsəlz/ muscles You need to be strong and have muscles to be a

snowboarder.nasty (adj) /ˈnɑːsti/ mauvais The dog gave Sally a nasty bite.

nightmare (adj) /ˈnaɪtˌmeə/ cauchemar For Rob, working in the egg actory was a nightmare job!

publicity fyer (n) / pʌˈblɪsəti ˌaɪə/ prospectus publicitaire A publicity yer is a piece o paper with anadvertisement on it.

review (n) /rɪˈvjuː/ critique Actors hate reading bad reviews about themselves in thenewspapers.

season (n) /ˈsiːzn/ saison Hal the year she’s a snowboarder, then she goes to Parisor a season to be a model.

slim (adj) /slɪm/ svelte Someone who is slim is thin in an attractive way.

smell (n) /smel/ odeur The smell in the egg actory was disgusting!strong (adj) /strɒŋ/ ort You need to be strong and have muscles to be a

snowboarder.

study (v) /ˈstʌdi/ étudier Mia is a model but she wants to start studying againwhen she’s 30.

tell lies /ˌtel ˈlaɪz/ raconter des mensonges People who tell lies do not tell the truth.

top (adj) /tɒp/ top Hal the year Charlotte is a top model in Europe.

turn (n) /tɜːn/ virage For the jumps and turns in snowboarding, you have to bestrong.

turn out (phr v) (TS) /ˌtɜːn ˈaʊt/ arriver, se trouver, Now I have my own company so I’m pleased with the ways’arranger things have turned out.

upset (adj) /ʌpˈset/ bouleversé The reviewers wrote terrible things about me and I was soupset.

useul (adj) /ˈjuːs/ utile Which job do you think is the most useul to society?

various (adj) /ˈveəriəs/ variés, diérents Sally did various jobs when she was a student.

worst (superl. adj) /wɜːst/ pire The worst job I’ve ever done is working as an au pair.



32

jobs métiersactor (n) /ˈæktə/ acteur Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie are both proessional actors.

archaelogist (n) /ˌɑːkiˈɒləʤɪst/ archéologue I was really interested in ancient history and my dreamwas to become an archaeologist.

au pair (n) /ˌəʊ ˈpeə/ au pair Sally worked as an au pair or a rich amily in New York.

ballet dancer (n) /ˈbæleɪ ˌdɑːnsə/ danseur de ballet You have to be very t and talented to be a proessional

ballet dancer.bodyguard (n) /ˈbɒdiˌgaːd/ garde du corps A bodyguard is someone who protects an important

person rom being attacked.

butcher (n) /ˈbʌʧə/ boucher A butcher is someone who sells meat.

cleaner (n) (TS) /ˈkliːnə/ ., h. de ménage, A cleaner is someone who cleans houses, oces oragent de nettoyage buildings or a living.

company director (n) /ˌkʌmp(ə)ni dəˈrektə/ directeur de société Mark started working or his ather and now he’s acompany director.

cook (n) /kʊk / cuisinier A cook has to have very clean hands.

DJ (n) /ˈdiːˌʤeɪ/ DJ A club DJ can get up late in the morning.

doctor (n) /ˈdɒktə/ docteur A surgeon is a doctor who does operations.engineer (n) /ˌenʤɪˈnɪə/ ingénieur Mark didn’t work hard at school so couldn’t become an

engineer.

actory worker (n) /ˈfæktri ˌwɜːkə/ ouvrier d’usine Rob was a actory worker in an egg-packing actory.

armer (n) /ˈfaːmə/ ermier When Frank was ve he wanted to be a armer or a vetbecause he loves animals.

fight attendant (n) /ˈaɪt əˌtendənt/ hôtesse de l’air, steward A ight attendant looks ater passengers on a plane.

managing director (n) /ˌmænɪʤɪŋ dəˈrektə/ directeur général Managing directors run large companies.

model (n) /ˈmɒdl/ mannequin When she was 6 Mia had the chance to earn a lot omoney as a model.

nurse (n) /nɜːs/ inrmière Some nurses don’t get a decent salary.

personal trainer (n) /ˌpɜːsnəl ˈtreɪnə/ coach personnel A personal trainer writes exercise programmes orpeople.

photographer (n) (TS) /fəˈtɒgrəfə/ photographe Elsie’s a photographer who takes photographs o rockstars and bands.

pilot (n) /ˈpaɪlət/ pilote A pilot is the person who fies a plane.



33

police ocer (n) / pəˈliːs ˌɒfɪsə/ policier Do you agree that police ofcers are badly paid?

receptionist (n) /rɪˈsepʃnɪst/ réceptionniste I spoke to the receptionist and made an appointment tohave my hair cut.

sales assistant (n) /ˈseɪlz əˌsɪstənt/ vendeur Edna is applying or a position as sales assistant in adepartment store.

snowboarder (n) /ˈsnəʊˌbɔːdə/ snowboardeur Charlotte has two jobs – she’s a model and a

snowboarder.soldier (n) /ˈsəʊlʤə/ soldat Lots o boys want to be soldiers when they’re young.

surgeon (n) /ˈsɜːʤən/ chirurgien A surgeon is a doctor who does operations.

teacher (n) /ˈtiːʧə/ proesseur Frank is a teacher and he loves it!

telesales person (n) /ˈteliseɪlz ˌpɜːsn/ télévendeur A telesales person sells things on the phone.

tour(ist) guide (n) /ˈtʊər(st) ˌgaɪd/ guide, guide-interprête Tourist guides take tourists around cities or otheramous places.

vet (n) /vet/ vétérinaire A vet looks ater animals who are ill.

waiter (n) /ˈweɪtə/ serveur Sally managed to get a job as a waiter in an Italianrestaurant.

time expressions locUtions dU tempsa ew moments ago /ə ˌfjuː ˌməʊmənts əˈgəʊ/ il y a qq. instants I was speaking to Rob on the phone a ew moments

ago.

in /2005 /ɪn ˌnaɪntiːn ˌnaɪnti ˈeɪt/ en /2005 He went to university in 2004.ˌtuː ˌθaʊzənd ən ˈfaɪv/

last week/summer etc /ˌlɑːst ˈwiːk /ˈsʌmə/ la semaine dernière/ Last summer I did ruit-picking in Greece.l’été dernier

over the years /ˌəʊvə ðə ˈjɪəz/ au cours des années I’ve done lots o part-time jobs over the years.

recently (adv) /ˈriːsntli/ récemment What have you been doing recently?

this week/month etc /ˌðɪs ˈwiːk /ˈmʌnθ/ cette semaine/ ce I’m ill – I haven’t been to work this week.mois-ci

today (adv) /təˈdeɪ/ aujourd’hui We went on a trip to EuroDisney today.

When I was a (student) /ˌwen aɪ ˌwəz ə (ˈstjuːdənt) / Quand j’étais (étudiant) When I was a student, I wanted to be a snowboarder.

years ago /ˈjɪəz əˌgəʊ/ il y a des années Years ago Mark wanted to be a soldier.

yesterday (adv) /ˈjestədeɪ/ hier What did you do yesterday?



34

work travailaccounts department (n) /əˈkaʊnts dɪˌpɑːtmənt/ service comptable The accounts department is the place where a company

keeps records o the money it receives and spends.

advertisement (n) /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/ publicité I saw your advertisement or a sales assistant and wouldlike to apply.

advertising (n) /ˈædvətaɪzɪŋ/ aire de la publicité Advertising is the business o making advertisements.

apply or (a job) (phr v) əˈplaɪ ˌfɔː poser sa candidature Edna is applying or a position as sales assistant in apour (un travail) department store.

ask or permission /ˌɑːsk fə pəˈmɪʃn/ demander la permission When we wanted to go to the toilet we had to ask orpermission.

available (adj) /əˈveɪləbl/ disponible I would be available or an interview at any time, evenat short notice.

badly-paid (adj) /ˌbædliˈpeɪd/ mal payé A lot o people think teachers and nurses are badly paid.

be based at/in / bi ˈbeɪst ət/ɪn/ être basé à /dans Jack works as a bodyguard and he’s based in London.

have a break /ˌhæv ə ˈbreɪk / aire une pause You look tired – you should have a break.

challenge (n) /ˈʧælɪnʤ/ dé, challenge I’m bored at home and eel I’m ready or a newchallenge.

charge (£35 per hour) (v) (TS) /ʧɑːʤ/ demander (5 £ de l’heure) Kate earns a reasonably good salary – she charges £35per hour.

client (n) (TS) /ˈklaɪənt/ client Your clients are the people who you do work or.

company (n) /ˈkʌmp(ə)ni/ société Mark has his own company – he’s a company director.

have a day o /ˌhæv ə deɪ ˈɒf / avoir un jour de congé I never had a day o when I was an au pair!

department (n) /dɪˈpɑːtmənt/ service Elsie runs the photography department.

details (n pl) /ˈdiːteɪlz/ inormations, détails Please see my Curriculum Vitae or more details.

earn (v) /ɜːn/ gagner In which job can you earn the most money?

employ (v) (TS) /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ employer We employ a sta o 05.

employee (n) /ɪmˈplɔɪiː; ˌemplɔɪˈiː/ employé Arthur is our oldest employee at .

enclosed (adj) /ɪnˈkləʊzd/ ci-joint Please see my Curriculum Vitae, enclosed, or moredetails.

experienced (adj) /ɪkˈspɪəriənst/ expérimenté Edna is an experienced shop assistant who has worked indierent departments.

oreign travel (n) /ˌfɒrɪn ˈtrævl/ voyage à l’étranger My job as a bodyguard involves a lot o oreign travel.



35

go to the toilet /ˌgəʊ tə ðə ˈtɔɪlət/ aller aux toilettes When we wanted to go to the toilet we had to ask orpermission.

head oce (n) /ˌhed ˈɒfɪs/ siège social Head ofce is the main oce o a company where mosto the sta work.

import and export (n) /ˌɪmpɔːt ən ˈekspɔːt/ import-export Someone who works in import and export deals withother countries buying and selling goods.

involve (v)/ɪnˈvɒlv/

comporter, impliquer My job as a bodyguardinvolves

a lot o oreign travel.

look or a job in … /ˌlʊk fər ə ˈʤɒb/ chercher un emploi dans… Matt is unemployed but looking or a job in publishing.

look orward to (phr v) /ˌlʊk ˈfɔːwəd tuː/ se réjouir d’avance de (qch.) “I look orward to hearing rom you” is a good way oending a letter when you apply or a job.

make a living /ˌmeɪk ə ˈlɪvɪŋ/ gagner sa vie It can be hard to make a living as an actor.

marketing (n) /ˈmɑːkɪtɪŋ/ marketing People who work in marketing decide how to sell theirproducts by deciding on price, type o customer etc.

outdoors (adv) /ˌaʊtˈdɔːz/ à l’extérieur Farmers work outdoors a lot o the time.

paid holiday (n) /ˌpeɪd ˈhɒlɪdeɪ/ congés payés Mr Reynold’s employees get our weeks’ paid holiday ayear.

part-time (adj) /ˈpɑːtˌtaɪm/ temps partiel I need to work 5 days a week – I don’t want a part-time job.

position (n) / pəˈzɪʃn/ poste Edna is applying or a position as sales assistant.

publishing (n) /ˈpʌblɪʃɪŋ/ édition Publishing is the business o selling books and magazines.

quality control (n) /ˌkwɒləti kənˈtrəʊl/ contrôle de la qualité Someone who works in quality control must make surethat things are o a good enough quality to sell.

resign (v) /rɪˈzaɪn/ démissionner She decided to resign when she got married.

be responsible or / bi rɪˈspɒnsəbl fɔː/ être en charge de Sarah is a receptionist and she’s responsible or appointments and accounts.

retire (v) /rɪˈtaɪə/ prendre sa retraite We never orce anybody to retire here.

retirement age (n) /rɪˈtaɪəmənt ˌeɪʤ/ âge de la retraite Retirement age in the UK is 60 or women and 65 ormen.

run a business/department /ˌrʌn ə ˈbɪznəs/ diriger une aaire/ Mr Reynold’s son is going to run the business rom nextdɪˈpɑːtmənt/ un service year.

salary (n) /ˈsæləri/ salaire Our sta are happy because we pay them a decent salary.

sales and promotion (n) /ˌseɪlz ən prəˈməʊʃn/ les soldes et la promotion Layla is responsible or sales and promotion at acompany called Bensons.



36

sel-employed (adj) (TS) /ˌselfɪmˈplɔɪd/ travailleur indépendant Someone who is sel-employed works or themselves.

at short notice /ət ˌʃɔːt ˈnəʊtɪs/ à court délai I you do something at short notice, you do it withouthaving much time to prepare or think about it.

stressul (adj) /ˈstres/ stressant Nurses work long hours and the job can be very stressul.

take over (phr v) (TS) /ˌteɪk ˈəʊvə/ reprendre My son’s going to take over the business next year.

tourism (n) /ˈtʊərɪz(ə)m/ tourisme Tourism is the business o selling holidays to people.

training (n) /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/ ormation Vets and doctors have to do a long training.

unemployed (adj) /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/ sans travail, au chomâge Someone who is unemployed does not have a job.

useul (adj) /ˈjuːs/ utile Nurses, teachers and police ocers all do very useul jobs.

vocation (n) (TS) /vəʊˈkeɪʃn/ vocation I’ve wanted to be a surgeon since I was a child – it’s myvocation.

well-paid (adj) /ˌwelˈpeɪd/ bien payé Top ootball players are very well paid.

work rom home /ˌwɜːk frəm ˈhəʊm/ travail à domicile Working rom home can be lonely.

worker (n) (TS) /ˈwɜːkə/ travailleur Hal o the workers at Mr Reynold’s store are overretirement age.

working conditions (n pl) /ˈwɜːkɪŋ kənˌdɪʃənz/ conditions de travail Good working conditions are important in any job.

r b (.56)

advice (n) /ədˈvaɪs/ conseil I you’re not sure what to do, you can always ask oradvice.

ambitious (adj) /æm ̍bɪʃəs/ ambitieux Helena’s ambitious but I’m more relaxed.

but (conj) / bʌt/ mais Helena’s ambitious but I’m more relaxed.

close (adj) /kləʊs/ proche Helena and Kate have become much closer in the lastve years.

be complete opposites (TS) / bi kəmˌpliːt ˈɒpəzɪts / être tout à ait Tom and I are very dierent. In act we’re complete diérents opposites.

drive (v) /draɪv/ conduire She earns a lot o money and drives a beautiul car.

ull-time (adj) /ˈfʊlˌtaɪm/ plein temps I can’t aord to work part time – I need a ull-time job.

handsome (adj) /ˈhænsəm/ beau A handsome man is very good-looking.



3

however (conj) /haʊˈevə/ cependant, touteois In many ways we are similar. However there are somedierences.

kindness (n) /ˈkaɪndnəs/ gentillesse The best thing about Helena is her kindness – she alwaysbuys beautiul presents or everyone.

lend (v) /lend/ prêter Could you lend me your mobile?

listener (n) /ˈlɪsnə/ personne qui sait écouter Kate’s a great listener. I I have a problem, I can alwaystalk to her.

look ater (phr v) /ˌlʊk ˈɑːftə/ s’occuper de Helena had to look ater Kate because she was her oldersister.

on the other hand / ɒn ði ˈʌðə ˌhænd/ d’un autre côté David talks too much about ashion. On the other hand he’s the kindest person I know.

pay rise (n) /ˈpeɪ ˌraɪz/ augmentation de salaire Nurses don’t earn a lot – they should get a pay rise.

researcher (n) /rɪˈsɜːʧə; ˈriːsɜːʧə/ chercheur Kate works or a TV company as a researcher.

save money /ˌseɪv ˈmʌni/ aire des économies She’s trying to save money by not buying new clothes.

sensitive (adj) /ˈsensətɪv/ sensible Sensitive people oten cry a lot.

smart (adj) /smɑːt/ distingué She isn’t interested in looking smart – she usually wears

jeans and a T-shirt.successul (adj) /səkˈses/ qui a du succès Helena is the director o a small but successul company.

turn o (phr v) /ˌtɜːn ˈɒf / éteindre Turn o your mobiles beore going into the exam room.

whereas (conj) /weərˈæz/ tandis que David wants to work as an engineer whereas I want tobe an architect.

U 7 (.60)

accommodation (n) (TS) /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/ hébergement Helen’s accommodation will be with the Odoi amily.arrest (v) /əˈrest/ arrêter Police arrested ve people.

authentic (adj) (TS) /ɔːˈθentɪk / authentique “Don’t you want to stay in a hotel?” “No, I want to havean authentic experience.”

break away (rom) (phr v) /ˌbreɪk əˈweɪ/ se détacher (de) A small group o people broke away rom the peaceuldemonstrators.

be buzzing with activity / bi ˌbʌzɪŋ wɪð ækˈtɪvəti/ être bourdonnant Traalgar Square was swarming with people and buzzing d’activité with activity.



3

cause (v) (TS) /kɔːz/ provoquer, causer Do you agree that multinational companies are causing global warming?

construct (v) /kənˈstrʌkt/ construire Volunteers help to construct houses, bridges and roads.

coordinator (n) (TS) /kəʊˈɔːdɪˌneɪtə/ coordinateur The volunteers’ coordinator, Bob White, is meetingHelen when she arrives.

culture (n) (TS) /ˈkʌlʧə/ culture You really experience the local culture with Eco Holidays.

deliver a letter /dɪˌlɪvər ə ˈletə/ remettre une lettre A group o protesters delivered a letter to the PrimeMinister.

duty (n) /ˈdjuːti/ devoir Volunteers do a lot o dierent duties.

embassy (n) /ˈembəsi/ ambassade Protesters marched rom the US embassy to TraalgarSquare.

event (n) /ɪˈvent/ événement The Climate change march was a big event – 20,000people took part.

everybody (pron) /ˈevriˌbɒdi/ chacun In the survey, everybody had used plastic bags or theirshopping.

experience (v) (TS) /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ rencontrer, être You really experience the local culture withconronté à qch. Eco Holidays.

amily-run (adj) /ˈfæmliˌrʌn/ à gestion/exploitation I’m in avour o small amily-run companies.amiliale

armers’ market (n) (TS) /ˌfɑːməz ˈmɑːkɪt/ marché paysan I support local armers and buy ood rom armers’markets.

ght (against) (v) /faɪt (əgenst) / se battre (contre) Nelson Mandela ought against apartheid or over tyyears.

ortunate (adj) (TS) /ˈfɔːʧənət/ chanceux, ortune Helen wants to help people in developing countries whoare less ortunate.

gain (v) /geɪn/ gagner Volunteers learn new skills and gain sel-condence.

go through (phr v) (TS) /ˌgəʊ ˈθruː/ examiner en détails I you go through something again, you explain it again.

have un (TS) /ˌhæv ˈfʌn/ s’amuser It’s my rst demonstration and I’m having un with myriends.

imports (n pl) (TS) /ˈɪmpɔːts/ importations I’m against ood imports and support local armers.

inormation (n) (TS) /ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn/ inormations Eco Holidays will send you inormation about theirholidays.

a large/small number o … /ə ˌlɑːʤ/ˌsmɔːl ˈnʌmbər un petit/grand A large number o people have drunk bottled water in theəv/ nombre de… past two weeks.



3

a long way (TS) /ə ˈlɒŋ ˌweɪ/ loin I’m worried, Helen. Ghana’s a long way rom here.

make your way to /ˌmeɪk jə ˈweɪ tuː/ se diriger, aller vers A group o protesters on bicycles made their way to 0 Downing Street.

most people /ˌməʊst ˈpiːpl/ la plupart des gens In the survey most people had bought a hamburger in aplastic container.

nobody (pron) /ˈnəʊbɒdi/ personne The survey ound that nobody had paid more orenvironmentally-riendly products.

ocean (n) (TS) /ˈəʊʃn/ océan Multinational companies pollute rivers and oceans.

only a ew people /ˌəʊnli ə ˌfjuː ˈpiːpl/ seulement quelques Only a ew people have picked up litter.personnes

organisation (n) /ˌɔːgənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ organisation I work or an organisation called Eco Holidays.

organise (v) /ˈɔːgənaɪz/ organiser The event was organised by the Campaign AgainstGlobal Warming.

orphanage (n) /ˈɔːf (ə)nɪʤ/ orphelinat An orphanage is a place or children without parents.

package holiday (TS) /ˌpækɪʤ ˈhɒlɪdeɪ/ vacances organisées We’re against big hotels and package holidays.

participate (v) / pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ participer, prendre 20,000 people participated in the march.

part àpenguin (n) (TS) /ˈpeŋgwɪn/ pingouin I’m in avour o protecting wild animals like polar bears

and penguins.

pick sb up (phr v) (TS) /ˌpɪk sʌmbədi ˈʌp/ prendre qn (en voiture..) Who’s picking you up at the airport?

piper (n) /ˈpaɪpə/ joueur de cornemuse Music was provided by bands and Scottish pipers.

poetry reading (n) /ˈpəʊɪtri ˌriːdɪŋ/ lectures de poésie The day started with speeches and poetry readings.

polar bear (n) (TS) /ˈpəʊlə ˌbeə/ ours polaire A polar bear is a large white bear that lives in coldregions.

provided by / prəˈvaɪdɪd ˌbaɪ/ ourni par Music was provided by bands and Scottish pipers.

river (n) (TS) /ˈrɪvə/ rivière Multinational companies pollute rivers and oceans.

sel-condence (n) /selfˈkɒnfɪdəns/ conance en soi Volunteers learn new skills and gain sel-confdence.

set re to sth /ˌset ˈfaɪə tə ˌsʌmθɪŋ/ mettre le eu à qch. Some protesters tried to set fre to a supermarket.

several (pron) /ˈsevrəl/ plusieurs “Several” people or things is a number that is more thanone or two, but not many.

sick (adj) /sɪk / malade Sick animals are animals that are ill or injured.

skill (n) /skɪl/ compétence Volunteers learn new skills and gain sel-condence.

smash (v) /smæʃ / briser I you smash something that is made o glass, you break it.



40

start o (phr v) /ˌstɑːt ˈɒf / démarrer The day started o early outside the US embassy.

be swarming with people / bi ˈswɔːmɪŋ wɪð ˌpiːpl/ être grouillant de Traalgar Square was swarming with people and buzzingmonde with activity.

take part in sth /ˌteɪk ˌpɑːt ɪn ˈsʌmθɪŋ/ prendre part à qch. In London today, 20,000 people took part in protestmarches and demonstrations.

tick (v) /tɪk / aire tic-tac When a clock ticks, it makes a small noise.

volunteer (n) /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/ volontaire, bénévole Change your lie and do something important. Become avolunteer.

write down (phr v) (TS) /ˌraɪt ˈdaʊn/ inscrire Write down their name and address or me.

climate change changement climatiqUecampaign (n) /kæmˈpeɪn/ campagne The event was organised by the Campaign Against

Global Warming.

carry banners /ˌkæri ˈbænəz/ porter des bannières Protestors were carrying banners and shouting slogans.

demand urgent action /dɪˌmɑːnd ˌɜːʤənt ˈækʃn/ demander une They delivered a letter demanding urgent action onaction urgente climate change.

demonstrate (against) (TS) /ˈdemənˌstreɪt/ maniester (contre) The people rom Eco Holidays are demonstratingagainst mass tourism.

demonstration (n) /ˌdemənˈstreɪʃn/ maniestation In London today, 20,000 people took part in protestmarches and demonstrations.

demonstrator (n) /ˈdemənˌstreɪtə/ maniestant A small group o people separated rom the peaceuldemonstrators.

destroy (v) /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ détruire Matt thinks that the company is destroying the planet.

global warming (n) /ˌgləʊbl ˈwɔːmɪŋ/ réchauement de A lot o people think that air travel is responsible orla planète global warming.

ice cap (n) (TS) /ˈaɪs ˌkæp/ banquise I the ice caps melt, where will penguins and polar bearslive?

march (v) /mɑːʧ / déler Protesters marched slowly to Traalgar Square.

melt (v) (TS) /melt/ onder When ice caps melt, they disappear because theatmosphere is too warm.

peaceul (adj) /ˈpiːs/ calme, pacique A small group o people separated rom the peaceul demonstrators.

peaceully (adv) /ˈpiːsf (ə)li/ calmement, Most o the protesters marched peaceully.paciquement



4

protest (against) (v) / prəˈtest/ protester (contre) Thirty-six million people protested against the Iraq warin 2003.

protest march (n) /ˈprəʊtest ˌmɑːʧ / délé/marche de In London today, 20,000 people took part in protest protestation marches and demonstrations.

protestor (n) / prəˈtestə/ contestataire A group o protesters on bicycles delivered a letter tothe Prime Minister.

shout slogans /ˌʃaʊt ˈsləʊgənz/ crier des slogans Protestors were carrying banners and shouting slogans.

speech (n) /spiːʧ / discours The day started with speeches and poetry readings.

talks (n pl) /tɔːks/ conérences World leaders met or climate change talks.

urgent action (n) /ˌɜːʤənt ˈækʃn/ action urgente The letter demanded urgent action on climate change.

world leaders (n pl) /ˌwɜːld ˈliːdəz/ grands ches d’Etat World leaders are very important politicians in bigcountries.

environment environnement atmosphere (n) /ˈætməsˌfɪə/ atmosphère Matt thinks that Regal Chemicals is polluting the

atmosphere.

bottle bank (n) /ˈbɒtl ˌbæŋk / containeur de recyclage A bottle bank is a place where people can take emptydes bouteilles bottles or recycling.

cycle to school/work /ˌsaɪkl tə ˈskuːl/ˈwɜːk / aller à l’école/au travail Cycling to work is better or the environment thanen vélo driving a car.

drink bottled water /ˌdrɪŋk ˌbɒtld ˈwɔːtə/ boire de l’eau en bouteille I you drink bottled water, you should recycle thebottles.

environmentally-riendly (adj) /ɪnˌvaɪrənmentliˈfrendli / respectueux de Would you pay more or environmentally-riendly l’environnement products?

global warming (n) /ˌgləʊbl ˈwɔːmɪŋ/ réchauement de The slow increase in the temperature o the Earth isla planète called global warming.

green (adj) /griːn/ écologique The aim o the survey was to nd out how green the

people o Greensville are.mass-produced (adj) /ˌmæs prəːˈdjuːst/ produit en masse Mass-produced, cheap clothes cannot be recycled.

mass tourism (n) (TS) /ˌmæs ˈtʊərɪz(ə)m/ tourisme de masse Mass tourism can be bad or the local culture.

multinational company (n) (TS) /ˌmʌltiˌnæʃn(ə)l société multinationale Do you agree that multinational companies areˈkʌmp(ə)ni/ causing global warming?

organic arming/vegetables (n) /ɔːˌgænɪk ˈfɑːmɪŋ/ agriculture bio/ Volunteers plant trees and do organic arming.ˈveʤtəblz/ légumes bio



42

pick up litter /ˌpɪk ʌp ˈlɪtə/ ramasser les déchets I you pick up litter, you pick up paper, bottles etc thatpeople have let on the ground in a public place.

plant trees /ˌplɑːnt ˈtriːz/ planter des arbres Volunteers plant trees and do organic arming.

plastic bag (n) /ˌplæstɪk ˈbæg/ sac en plastique Using plastic bags or your shopping is bad or theenvironment.

plastic container (n) /ˌplæstɪk kənˈteɪnə/ emballage en plastique The plastic containers or hamburgers are also bad orthe environment.

pollute (v) (TS) / pəˈluːt/ polluer Multinational companies pollute rivers and oceans.

public transport (n) /ˌpʌblɪk ˈtrænspɔːt/ transports publics Using public transport is better or the environment.

recycle bottles /riːˌsaɪkl ˈbɒt(ə)lz/ recycler les bouteilles Do you recycle bottles?

renewable energy (n) /rɪˌnjuːəbl ˈenəʤi/ énergie renouvelable Renewable energy can be replaced by natural processesand is never used up.

travel by air /ˌtrævl baɪ ˈeə/ voyager en avion Travelling by air is bad or the environment.

wild animal (n) (TS) /ˌwaɪld ˈænɪml/ animal sauvage I’m in avour o protecting wild animals such as polarbears and penguins.

opinions opinionsI’m against … /ˌaɪm əˈgenst/ Je suis contre… I’m against ood imports and support local armers.

I’m not anti-cars/tourism etc /aɪm ˌnɒt ænti ˈkɑːz/ Je ne suis pas anti- I’m not anti-cars -- I have a car – but I think peopleˈtʊərɪz(ə)m/ voitures/tourisme etc should use public transport more.

I believe in … /aɪ bɪˈliːv ɪn/ Je crois en… I’m not against tourism but I believe in responsibletourism.

I don’t really care about … /aɪ ˌdəʊnt rɪəli ˈkeər Je ne m’intéresse I don’t really care about people – they can look aterəˌbaʊt/ pas du tout à … themselves.

I’m in avour o … /ˌaɪm ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv/ Je suis pour… I’m in avour o small amily-run companies.

I don’t eel strongly about … /aɪ ˌdəʊnt ːl ˈstrɒŋli Je ne m’intéresse pas I don’t eel strongly about politics, but I’m worriedəˌbaʊt/ trop pour… about global warming.

I support … /ˌaɪ səˈpɔːt/ Je soutiens… I support local armers and buy ood rom armers’markets.

I’m worried about … /ˌaɪm ˈwʌrɪd əbaʊt/ Je m’inquiète au I don’t eel strongly about politics, but I’m worried sujet de… about global warming.



43

on the phone aU téléphoneCould I speak to …? /ˌkʊd aɪ ˈspiːk tuː/ Pourrais-je parler à … ? Could I speak to the Managing Director, please?

Who’s speaking? /ˌhuːz ˈspiːkɪŋ/ Qui parle? “Who’s speaking?” “My name’s Matt Walker.”

Hold on a moment, please. /həʊld ˈɒn ə ˌməʊmənt ˌpliːz/ Restez en ligne, svp. Hold on a moment, please. I’ll try to put you through.

I’ll try to put you through. /aɪl ˌtraɪ tə ˌpʊt ju ˈθruː/ Je vais essayer de Hold on a moment, please. I’ll try to put you through.vous passer

(votre correspondant)I’m araid he’s/she’s out. /aɪm əˌfreɪd hiːz/ ʃiːz ˈaʊt/ Je crains qu’elle ne Hello. I’m araid Mr Carr is out at the moment.

soit pas là.

Would you like to leave /wʊd juː ˌlaɪk tə ˌliːv ə Désirez-vous laisser “Would you like to leave a message?” Yes, please.”a message? ˈmesɪʤ/ un message ?

U 8 (.68)

Absolutely. /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/ Absolument “I think children need their mothers at home.”“Absolutely.”

aterwards (adv) /ˈɑːftəwədz/ ensuite, après My ather let school early and regretted it aterwards.

avoid (v) /əˈvɔɪd/ éviter Avoid talking about subjects such as politics and religion.

become (v) / bɪˈkʌm/ obtenir It’s very expensive to become a geisha.

blood-red (adj) /ˈblʌdred/ rouge sang Geishas have white aces and blood-red lips.

boarding house (n) /ˈbɔːdɪŋ ˌhaʊs/ internat A trainee geisha has to leave her amily and move into aspecial boarding house.

brilliant (adj) /ˈbrɪljənt/ brillant, prodigieux I you’re unemployed, tell them about your plans or abrilliant career.

cheek (n) /ʧiːk / joue You should give Mum a quick kiss on the cheek.comment (n) /ˈkɒment/ commentaire I you make a comment about something, you criticise it.

complicated (adj) (TS) /ˈkɒmplɪˌkeɪtɪd/ compliqué Lie was less complicated in my day.

computer programmer (n) /kəmˌpjuːtə ˈprəʊgræmə/ programmeur More and more people are training to be computer inormaticien programmers.

controversial (adj) /ˌkɒntrəˈvɜːʃl/ controversial, sujet Avoid controversial topics o conversation.à polémiques



44

cook (v) /kʊk / cuisiner You should cook or your boyriend.

couple (n) /ˈkʌpl/ couple Do you think couples should live together beore theyget married?

customer (n) /ˈkʌstəmə/ client A geisha has to serve and entertain customers.

date (n) /deɪt/ rendez-vous You should arrive on time or dates with your girlriend.

denitely (adv) /ˈdef (ə)nətli/ dénitivement We’re defnitely not in a hurry to get married.

describe (v) /dɪˈskraɪb/ décrire We asked Makiko to describe what a geisha does.

develop photographs /dɪˈveləp/ développer des photos Miss Lewis taught us to develop our own photographs.

disturb (v) /dɪˈstɜːb/ déranger We couldn’t disturb him because he was tired.

do well /ˌduː ˈwel/ bien travailler Tony’s ather wanted him to do well at school.

the elderly (n pl) /ˌðiː ˈeldəli/ le troisième âge “The elderly” is an expression meaning old people.

engineering (n) /ˌenʤɪˈnɪərɪŋ/ ingénieurie Andy went to university and studied engineering.

enjoy (v) /ɪnˈʤɔɪ/ prendre plaisir à qch. “Do you enjoy your lie as a geisha?” “I love it.”

entertain (v) /ˌentəˈteɪn/ distraire, divertir A geisha has to serve and entertain customers.

entertainment (n) /ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/ divertissement We didn’t have a TV so we had to make our own

entertainment.equal (adj) /ˈiːkwəl/ égal You should pay when you go out. Women want to be

equal, but not that equal!

ascinated (adj) /ˈfæsɪneɪtɪd/ asciné Both Japanese and oreigners are ascinated by geisha.

asten (v) (TS) /ˈfɑːsn/ boucler Fasten your seatbelt, grandad.

It’s ne to /ɪts ˈfaɪn tuː/ C’est bien de It’s fne to wear jeans and a T-shirt most o the time, butnot when you meet the parents.

rm (adj) /fɜːm/ erme Greet Dad with a frm handshake.

fower arranging (n) /ˈaʊə əˌreɪnʤɪŋ/ art du bouquet Flower arranging is a traditional Japanese art.

oreigner (n) /ˈfɒrɪnə/ étranger Foreigners are people who come rom other countries.

ree (adj) /friː/ gratuit Scott thinks colleges and universities should be ree oreverybody.

reedom (n) /ˈfriːdəm/ liberté When Scott was at school, he had a lot o reedom.

geisha (n) /ˈgeɪʃə/ geisha We asked Makiko to describe what a geisha does.

generation (n) /ˌʤenəˈreɪʃn/ génération A generation is a group o people who are born and liveat about the same time.



45

greet (v) /griːt/ saluer When you greet someone, you say hello to them or shaketheir hand.

grow up (phr v) /ˌgrəʊ ˈʌp/ grandir When I was growing up, my ather was always at work.

handshake (n) /ˈhændˌʃeɪk / poignée de main Greet Dad with a rm handshake.

It’s a hard lie … /ɪts ə ˈhɑːd ˌlaɪf / C’est une vie dure… It’s a hard lie or a trainee geisha – she has to leave heramily and live in a boarding house.

be hard work / bi ˈhɑːd ˌwɜːk / être dur, atiguant I love being a geisha but it’s hard work.have sth in common (with sb) /hæv ˌsʌmθɪŋ ɪn ˈkɒmən/ avoir qch. en Find out i you have anything in common with the

commun (avec qn) parents beore you meet them.

hide (v) /haɪd/ cacher I have a good relationship with my dad – I don’t have tohide anything rom him.

high school (n) /ˈhaɪ ˌskuːl/ collège, lycée Sometimes I want to wear jeans and go to high school like a normal teenager.

honest (adj) /ˈɒnɪst/ honnête Don’t tell lies. You should be honest about what you do.

a horse and cart (n) (TS) /ə ˌhɔːs ən ˈkɑːt/ rouler carosse “I thought you drove a horse and cart in your day.”“Hmm, very unny!”

hungry (adj)/ˈhʌŋgri/

(avoir) aim Don’t give him a salad i he’s hungry.

be in a hurry / biː ɪn ə ˈhʌri/ être pressé We’re denitely not in a hurry to get married.

in my day (TS) /ɪn ˈmaɪ ˌdeɪ/ de mes jours Lie was less complicated in my day.

in the back (TS) /ɪn ðə ˈbæk / dans le dos You have to asten your seatbelt in the back.

instrument (n) /ˈɪnstrəmənt/ instrument (de musique) Geishas have to learn to play instruments.

interior design (n) (TS) /ɪnˌtɪəriə dɪˈzaɪn/ décoration int. “I’m a sort o interior design consultant.” “He works ina urniture shop.”

keep sb waiting /ˌkiːp sʌmbədi ˈweɪtɪŋ/ aire attendre qn Women hate it when you keep them waiting.

kimono (n) /kɪˈməʊnəʊ/ kimono A kimono costs three million yen, that’s about $30,000.

kiss (n) /kɪs/ embrasser Give Mum a kiss on the cheek.

learn (v) /lɜːn/ apprendre Geishas have to learn traditional Japanese arts.

lips (n pl) /lɪps/ lèvres Geishas have white aces and blood-red lips.

luxury (n) /ˈlʌkʃəri/ luxe I have to work to pay or any luxuries I want.

make conversation /ˌmeɪk kɒnvəˈseɪʃn/ aire la conversation A geisha has to sing, dance and make conversation.

make an eort /ˌmeɪk ən ˈefət/ aire un eort Make an eort to dress smartly when you meet theparents.



46

make a good impression /ˌmeɪk ə ˌgʊd ɪmˈpreʃn/ aire bonne impression It’s important to make a good rst impression.

marriage (n) /ˈmærɪʤ/ mariage Attitudes to marriage have changed over the years.

medicine (n) /ˈmedsn/ médecine You must study medicine or seven years beorebecoming a doctor.

military service (n) /ˌmɪlɪt(ə)ri ˈsɜːvɪs/ service militaire Scott’s grandather was proud to do military service.

motorbike (n) (TS) /ˈməʊtəˌbaɪk / moto I had a beautiul motorbike – a Triumph.

motorway (n) (TS) /ˈməʊtəˌweɪ/ autoroute We couldn’t drive ast because there weren’t anymotorways.

mysterious (adj) /mɪˈstɪəriəs/ mystérieux Geishas are beautiul and mysterious women.

obey (v) /əˈbeɪ / obéir My ather was very strict and we had to obey him.

o course /ˌəv ˈkɔːs/ bien sûr “Can you have a amily later?” “O course, I can getmarried when I choose.”

Oh dear! (TS) /ˌəʊ ˈdɪə/ Hélàs ! “You have to wear a seatbelt.” “Oh dear. All these rulesand regulations.”

go to the opposite extreme /ˌgəʊ tə ðiː ˌɒpəzɪt ɪkˈstriːm/ agir à l’extrême opposé Don’t go to the opposite extreme and wear your “jobinterview” clothes.

photo album (n) (TS) /ˈfəʊtəʊ ˌælbəm/ album de photos I’ll get the photo albums and we can look at somephotos.

play a role /ˌpleɪ ə ˈrəʊl/ jouer un rôle University students play an important role in the utureo the country.

politics (n) /ˈpɒlətɪks/ politique Don’t talk about politics or religion.

pregnant (adj) /ˈpregnənt/ enceinte We got married when Louise ound out she was pregnant.

Be prepared to … / bi prɪˈpeəd tuː/ Être préparé à.. Be prepared to answer questions.

preserve (v) / prɪˈzɜːv/ conserver, préserver Geishas play an important role in preserving Japaneseculture and history.

be proud o sb (TS) / bi ˈpraʊd əv ˌsʌmbədi/ être er de qn Recently I won a photography competition – Miss Lewis

would be proud o me!public place (n) /ˌpʌblɪk ˈpleɪsəz/ endroit public We had to meet girlriends in public places.

regret (v) /rɪˈgret/ regretter I let school early and regretted it.

relationship (n) /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ relation Scott and his ather have a close relationship.

religion (n) /rɪˈlɪʤ(ə)n/ religion Avoid subjects such as politics and religion.

research (n) /rɪˈsɜːʧ ; ˈriːsɜːʧ / recherche Do some research and nd out inormation about theparents beore you meet them.



4

rules and regulations (n pl) (TS) /ˌr uːlz ən ˌregjʊˈleɪʃnz/ les règles et les “You have to wear a seatbelt.” “Oh dear. Allréglements these rules and regulations.”

seatbelt (n) /ˈsiːtˌbelt/ ceinture de sécurité Fasten your seatbelt, grandad.

serve (v) /sɜːv/ server A geisha has to serve and entertain customers.

share (v) / ʃeə/ partager You probably don’t share the same opinions so don’t talkabout politics or religion.

strict (adj) /strɪkt/ sévère My ather was very strict and we had to obey him.Take a seat. (TS) /ˌteɪk ə ˈsiːt/ Prendre place, s’asseoir Come in and take a seat.

take care o /ˌteɪk ˈkeər əv/ prendre soin de I you take care o someone, you look ater them.

taste (n) /teɪst/ goût You probably don’t share the same opinions and tastes asthe parents.

tea ceremony (n) /ˌtiː ˈserəməni/ cérémonie du thé The tea ceremony is a Japanese custom that involvesserving tea.

tell the truth /ˌtel ðə ˈtruːθ/ dire la vérité Tell the truth – you should be honest about what you do.

topic o conversation (n) /ˌtɒpɪk əv kɒnvəˈseɪʃn/ sujet de conversation Avoid topics o conversation such as politics or religion.

traditional (adj) /trəˈdɪʃn(ə)l/ traditionnel Geishas have to learn traditional Japanese arts.

trainee (adj) /ˌtreɪˈniː/ élève, en ormation It’s a hard lie or a trainee geisha.

varied (adj) /veərɪd/ varié Her lessons were interesting and varied.

well-dressed (adj) /ˌwelˈdrest/ bien habillé You may be good-looking and well-dressed but youhave to make her laugh as well.

without question /wɪˌðaʊt ˈkwesʧ (ə)n/ sans poser de questions He was very strict – we had to obey him without question.

edUcation and training edUcation et Formationacademic (adj) (TS) /ˌækəˈdemɪk / scolaire I wasn’t very academic at school, but I loved art.

apply or a place /əˌplaɪ fər ə ˈpleɪs/ poser sa candidature At or many students apply or a place atuniversity.

competition (n) (TS) /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/ concours Recently I won a photography competition – Miss Lewiswould be proud o me!

course (n) /kɔːs/ cours (année de cours) Students get a degree when they nish the course.

degree (n) /dɪˈgriː/ diplôme Students get a degree when they nish the course.

end-o-year exam (n) /ˌendəvjɪə ɪgˈzæm/ examen de n d’année I you ail your end-o-year exams, you can usually takethem again.



4

entrance exam (n) /ˈentrəns ɪgˌzæm/ examen d’admission You have to pass an entrance exam i you want to go touniversity.

ail (an exam) (v) /feɪl (ən ɪgzæm) / rater (un examen) Did you pass your exam or ail?

nals (n pl) /ˈfaɪnəlz/ épreuves nales Final year exams are oten called “fnals”.

gap year (n) /ˈgæp ˌjɪə/ année sabbatique A gap year is a year between school and university whenstudents oten go abroad.

get a place at (university) /ˌget ə ˈpleɪs/ obtenir une place à When Tony was eighteen, he got a place at university.(l’université)

go to university /ˌgəʊ tə juːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ aller à l’université It costs a lot o money to go to university.

be good at sth / bi ˈgʊd ət ˌsʌmθɪŋ/ être bon en qch Art was Andy’s avourite subject – he was good at it.

grant (n) /grɑːnt/ bourse My parents didn’t support me nancially because I got agrant.

homework (n) /ˈhəʊmˌwɜːk / devoirs Tony had to do his homework every night ater school.

leave school/university /ˌliːv ˈskuːl/ juːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ arrêter l’école/ l’université Gordon let school early and regretted it aterwards.

lesson (n) /lesn/ cours (leçon) She was a really good teacher – her lessons wereinteresting and varied.

nursery school (n) /ˈnɜːs(ə)ri ˌskuːl/ école maternelle Most children go to nursery school between the ages o3 and 5.

pass (a test/exam) (v) / pɑːs (ə test/ɪgzæm) / réussir (épreuve/examen) Students get a degree when they pass the nal exams.

primary school (n) /ˈpraɪməri ˌskuːl/ école primaire Children start primary school at the age o 5.

qualiy (v) /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ être diplômé It takes seven years beore you qualiy as a doctor.

secondary school (n) /ˈsekənd(ə)ri ˌskuːl/ collège, lycée Children start secondary school at the age o .

studies (n pl) /ˈstʌdiz/ études Scott’s parents pay or his college studies.

subject (n) /ˈsʌbʤekt/ matière What’s your avourite subject at school?

support sb nancially /səˌpɔːt sʌmbədi aider qn nancièrement My parents didn’t support me fnancially because I gotfaɪˈnænʃ (ə)li/ a grant.

take a test/exam /ˌteɪk ə ˈtest/ɪgˈzæm/ re -passer/-aire une I you ail your end-o-year exams, you can usually take épreuve/un examen them again.

train (v) /treɪn/ se ormer What job would you like to train or?

vocational course (n) /vəʊˈkeɪʃn(ə)l ˌkɔːs/ enseignement A vocational course is one such as secretarial studies orproessionnel car maintenance that trains you directly or a job.



4

U 9 (.76)

ability (n) /əˈbɪləti/ capacité Someone who is condent is certain about their abilities.

addictive (adj) /əˈdɪktɪv/ addicti, qui crée Coee can be addictive argument.une dépendance

appear (v) /əˈpɪə/ apparaître On some people, dimples appear in their cheeks whenthey smile.

around (prep) /əˈraʊnd/ autour de A true smile involves the muscles around the eyes.

authority (n) /ɔːˈθɒrəti/ autorité Someone who is a rebel has no respect or authority.

care (about) (v) /keər (əbaʊt) / se soucier (de), aire Someone who is sensitive cares about other people’sattention (à) eelings.

the centre o attention /ðə ˌsentər əv əˈtenʃn/ le centre d’attention Sensitive people don’t usually like being the centre oattention in a crowd.

certain (adj) /ˈsɜːtn/ sûr Someone who is condent is certain about their abilities.

a cold (n) /ə ˈkəʊld/ un rhume When you have a cold, your nose is blocked and you

cough.at the corners o /ˌət ðə ˈkɔːnəz əv/ aux coins de A true smile involves the muscles at the corners o the

mouth.

the cost o living (n) /ðə ˌkɒst əv ˈlɪvɪŋ/ le coût de la vie The cost o living is cheap in Thailand.

the country (n) /ˌðə ˈkʌntri/ la campagne Do you like doing long walks in the country?

crowd (n) /kraʊd/ oule Shy people do not eel condent in a crowd.

the edge o /ˌðiː ˈeʤ əv/ le bord When people smile, wrinkles appear around the edge o their eyes.

encourage (v) /ɪnˈkʌrɪʤ/ encourager A listener will smile to encourage the speaker.

enjoyment (n) /ɪnˈʤɔɪmənt/ plaisir, joie The genuine smile o enjoyment makes us eel good,

and other people too.extremely (adv) /ɪkˈstriːmli/ extrêmement A true smile is extremely hard to ake.

ake (adj) /feɪk / aux “Fake” is the opposite o “true”.

ake (v) /feɪk / simuler It’s very dicult to ake a “true” smile.

or (prep) /weak fə; strong fɔː/ il y a, voilà “How long have you been here, Je?” “For about sixmonths.”



50

genuine (adj) /ˈʤenjuɪn/ véritable “Genuine” means the same as “true”.

go up (phr v) /ˌgəʊ ˈʌp/ se lever When people smile their eyebrows go up.

have a conversation /ˌhæv ə kɒnvəˈseɪʃn/ avoir une conversation When two people have a conversation, they talk toeach other.

have a tooth out /ˌhæv ə ˈtuːθ aʊt/ se aire arracher une dent When you have a tooth out, the dentist removes it.

honeymoon (n) (TS) /ˈhʌniˌmuːn/ lune de miel A honeymoon is a holiday that two people have ater

they get married.horrible (adj) /ˈhɒrəbl/ horrible I your aunt gives you a horrible birthday present, you

might give a polite smile.

inspiring (adj) (TS) /ɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ/ inspiratoire An inspiring place makes you eel happy and excited.

irritating (adj) /ˈɪrɪˌteɪtɪŋ/ énervant Optimists can sometimes be irritating.

joker (n) /ˈʤəʊkə/ blagueur A joker is someone with a good sense o humour wholikes doing or saying unny things.

jungle (n) /ˈʤʌŋgl/ jungle The jungles in the north o Thailand are perect orelephant trekking.

kill (v) /kɪl/ tuer “I’ve got a cold.” “Don’t worry – it won’t kill you.”

laid-back (adj) (TS) /ˌleɪdˈbæk / retiré A laid-back liestyle is calm and relaxed.liestyle (n) /ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/ style de vie Your liestyle is the type o lie you lead.

lock (v) /lɒk / ermer à clé When you lock a door, you close it using a key.

make sb eel good /ˌmeɪk sʌmbədi ːl ˈgʊd/ aire que qn se A true smile makes you and other people eel good.sente bien

miserable (adj) /ˈmɪz(ə)rəbl/ malheureux “Miserable” means very sad or unhappy.

miss (v) (TS) /mɪs/ manquer “What do you miss about home?” “Not the weather orood, but I miss my amily and riends.”

mouth-watering (adj) /ˈmaʊθˌwɔːtərɪŋ/ qui met l’eau à Mouth-watering ood smells or tastes good.la bouche

obvious (adj) (TS) /ˈɒbviəs/ évident What does Je like about Thailand, apart rom theobvious things like weather, ood and liestyle?

optimist (n) /ˈɒptɪmɪst/ optimiste An optimist sees the positive side o lie.

pessimist (n) /ˈpesəmɪst/ pessimiste A pessimist sees the negative side o lie.

polite (adj) / pəˈlaɪt/ poli A polite smile is the sort o smile you give when someonegives you a horrible birthday present.

propose (v) / prəˈpəʊz/ demander la main I’m going to propose to Dawn – I hope she says “yes”.



5

raised (adj) /reɪzd/ relevé Raised eyebrows and dimples in the cheeks are signs o a“true” smile.

realist (n) /ˈrɪəlɪst/ réaliste A realist knows that there are ups and downs in lie.

rebel (n) /ˈrebl/ rebelle Someone who is a rebel has no respect or authority.

rent (v) (TS) /rent/ louer Hans has rented a house in Thailand because he wants towrite a novel.

respect (n) /rɪˈspekt/ respect Someone who is a rebel has no respect or authority.rose petals (n pl) (TS) /ˈrəʊz ˌpetlz/ pétales de rose The Rayavadee Hotel is wonderul – they put rose petals

in our bath!

sense o humour (n) /ˌsens əv ˈhjuːmə/ sens de l’humour Someone who has a good sense o humour can laugh atthings and tell jokes.

the positive/negative /ðə ˈpɒzətɪv/ˈnegətɪv le côté positi/négati An optimist sees the positive side o lie; aside o lie saɪd əv ˌlaɪf / de la vie pessimist sees the negative side o lie.

since (prep) /sɪns/ depuis Becky and Je have been running a bar on the beachsince 2004.

smile (n) /smaɪl/ sourire (n) Very oten social smiles are not real; they are “ake”smiles.

smile (v) /smaɪl/ sourire (v) According to research, we smile or many dierentreasons.

social smile (n) /ˈsəʊʃl ˌsmaɪl/ sourire de politesse Very oten social smiles are not real; they are “ake”smiles.

speaker (n) /ˈspiːkə/ personne qui parle A listener will smile to encourage the speaker.

start up (phr v) (TS) /ˌstɑːt ˈʌp/ démarrer I hope to start up my own company soon.

stay away (phr v) (TS) /ˌsteɪ əˈweɪ/ ne pas venir Tourists stayed away or a long time ater the tsunami.

be sure o yoursel / bi ˈʃɔː əv jəˌself / être sûr de soi People who are sure o themselves are oten bossy andambitious.

tighten (v) /ˈtaɪtn/ serrer “Fake” smiles are easy to do – you just have to tighten

the muscles in your cheeks.toothy (adj) /ˈtuːθi/ de toutes ses dents A toothy smile is one in which you show your teeth.

ups and downs (n pl) /ˌʌps ən ˈdaʊnz/ hauts et bas A realist knows that there are ups and downs in lie.

upset (v) /ʌpˈset/ déstabiliser Someone who is easygoing is calm and is not easy toupset.

vibrant (adj) /ˈvaɪbrənt/ trépidant A place that is vibrant is lively and interesting.



52

waste time /ˌweɪst ˈtaɪm/ perdre son temps I never waste time worrying about the uture.

whatever (pron) (TS) /wɒtˈevə/ quoi que ce soit, “Shall we go to the cinema?” “Yeah, whatever. I don’tn’importe quoi really mind.”

wide (adj) /waɪd/ large A wide, toothy smile shows that a person is easygoingand riendly.

wrinkle (n) /ˈrɪŋkl/ ride Wrinkles are small lines that appear in the skin on yourace.

adjectives to describe character adjectiFs poUr décrire le caractèreambitious (adj) /æmˈbɪʃəs/ ambitieux Someone who is ambitious wants to be successul.

bossy (adj) /ˈbɒsi/ autoritaire Someone who is bossy likes telling other people what to do.

calm (adj) /kɑːm/ calme Someone who is calm is relaxed and not easy to upset.

cheeky (adj) /ˈʧiːki/ eronté, déluré Someone who is cheeky has a good sense o humour butno respect or authority.

condent (adj) /ˈkɒnfɪd(ə)nt/ sûr de soi Someone who is condent is certain about their abilities.

easygoing (adj) /ˌiːziˈgəʊɪŋ/ acile à vivre Someone who is easygoing is relaxed and calm.

riendly (adj) /ˈfrendli/ sympathique A riendly person enjoys being with other people.hardworking (adj) /ˌhɑːdˈwɜːkɪŋ/ travailleur Hardworking, ambitious people work hard to get what

they want.

loyal (adj) /ˈlɔɪəl/ dèle A loyal riend continues to support you in dicult times.

nervous (adj) /ˈnɜːvəs/ nerveux Shy people are nervous in the company o other people.

relaxed (adj) rɪˈlækst détendu A relaxed person is calm and does not worry a lot aboutthings.

sensitive (adj) /ˈsensətɪv/ sensible Sensitive people care about other people’s eelings.

shy (adj) / ʃaɪ/ timide Shy people can also be loyal, sensitive riends.

sociable (adj) /ˈsəʊʃəbl/ sociable Sociable people are riendly and enjoy being with otherpeople.

warm (adj) /wɔːm/ chaleureux I you have a warm personality, you are riendly andsociable.

welcoming (adj) /ˈwelkəmɪŋ/ accueillant The people in Thailand are warm and welcoming.



53

body idioms locUtions avec le corpscost an arm and a leg /ˌkɒst ən ˌɑːm ən ə ˈleg/ coûter les yeux de la tête Something that costs an arm and a leg is

extremely expensive.

give sb a hand /ˌgɪv ˌsʌmbədi ə ˈhænd/ donner un coup de main I you give someone a hand, you help them.

keep your ngers crossed /ˌkiːp jə ˈfɪŋgəz ˌkrɒst/ croiser les doigts I you keep your fngers crossed or someone, you(or sb) hope that something good will happen to them.

not see eye to eye with sb /nɒt siː ˌaɪ tuː ˈaɪ wɪð voir les choses du même People who do not see eye to eye with each other, do notˌsʌmbədi/ œil que qn get on together or agree.

pull sb’s leg /ˌpʊl sʌmbədiz ˈleg/ se moquer de qn I you pull someone’s leg, you say something to them asa joke.

the Face/hair le visage/les cheveUxcheeks (n pl) /ʧiːks/ joues Your cheeks are the sot parts on each side o your ace

below your eyes.

curly (adj) /ˈkɜːli/ bouclé Curly hair is not straight and alls in rings or circles.

dimple (n) /ˈdɪmpl/ ossette In some people, dimples appear in their cheeks whenthey smile.

eyebrows (n pl) /ˈaɪbraʊz/ sourcil Raised eyebrows and dimples in the cheeks are signs o a“true” smile.

ull (adj) /fʊl/ pleine, charnue Full lips are wide and round.

mouth (n) /maʊθ/ bouche Your mouth is the part o your ace that you eat andspeak with.

pale (adj) / peɪl/ pâle Pale cheeks are white in colour.

pointed (adj) /ˈpɔɪntɪd/ pointu A pointed chin is long and narrow, with a point at theend.

rosy (adj) /ˈrəʊzi/ coloré Rosy cheeks are red or pink in colour.

square (adj) /skweə/ carré A square chin has straight edges and is not curved or

pointed.straight (adj) /streɪt/ ) raide ) Straight hair has no curls or waves.

2) droite 2) Straight teeth are in the correct position and do notlean to one side.

teeth (n pl) /tiːθ/ les dents It’s important to brush your teeth regularly.

thick (adj) /θɪk / épais Thick eyebrows are wide with a lot o hairs.



54

thin (adj) /θɪn/ ) mince ) Thin lips are straight and narrow.

2) mince 2) Thin eyebrows are narrow with not many hairs.

wavy (adj) /ˈweɪvi/ risé Wavy hair has waves or small curls in it.

white (adj) /waɪt/ blanc White teeth are the same colour as milk and look clean.

r c (.84)

close our eyes to sth (TS) /ˌkləʊz ɑːr ˈaɪz tə sʌmθɪŋ/ se reuser à voir qch. We mustn’t close our eyes to the problem o theenvironment.

airly (adv) /ˈfeəli/ assez, bien “Fairly” is a word meaning “quite”.

gardener (n) (TS) /ˈgɑːdnə/ jardinier Ater Dad lost his job, he started working as a gardener.

get tired o (TS) /ˌget ˈtaɪəd əv/ en avoir assez de Callum gets tired o eating potatoes, salad and apples.

go green /ˌgəʊ ˈgriːn/ devenir écologiste I you go green, you start do live in a way that is healthyor the environment.

healthily (adv) /ˈhelθəli/ sainement We eat very healthily now and I’ve learned to cook someinteresting vegetables.

issue (n) (TS) /ˈɪʃuː; ˈɪsjuː/ résultat He started working as a gardener and that’s how hebecame interested in green issues.

persuade (v) (TS) /pəˈsweɪd/ convaincre Environmental groups try to persuade people to changetheir lives.

serious (adj) /ˈsɪəriəs/ sérieux Hazel knew Phil was serious about it, so she said yes.

split up (with) (phr v) /ˌsplɪt ˈʌp/ se séparer (de) Meg wants to split up with her boyriend as they havenothing in common.

worthwhile (adj) /ˌwɜːθˈwaɪl/ qui en vaut la peine Meg wants to do something worthwhile so she’s going

to give some money to Greenpeace.



55

U 10 (.88)

ancestors (n pl) /ˈænsestəz/ ancêtres Your ancestors are people related to you who lived along time ago.

army ocer (n) /ˌɑːmi ˈɒfɪsə/ ocier de l’armée Darren is 26 and training to be an army ofcer.

as soon as /əz ˈsuːn əz/ dès que As soon as your husband arrives, he’ll have a tness test.be like chalk and cheese / bi laɪk ˌʧɔːk ən ˈʧiːz/ être comme le jour “Is Pete’s sister like him?” “Not at all – they’re like chalk

et la nuit and cheese.”

click on (phr v) /ˈklɪk ˌɒn/ cliquer sur Once you’re on the website, just click on the dish to seethe complete recipe.

consider (v) /kənˈsɪdə/ considérer I you consider something, you think about it.

consist (o) (v) /kənˈsɪst (əv) / consister (en) Their low-calorie diet consists o three quarters plantood and one quarter animal ood.

cute (adj) /kjuːt/ splendide, ravissante The little red Porsche was cute but I didn’t use it much.

drive sb crazy /ˌdraɪv sʌmbədi ˈkreɪzi/ rendre ou qn My poor Daddy – I used to drive him crazy!

driving licence (n) /ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˌlaɪsəns/ permis de conduire I got a car or my th birthday, but I didn’t even have adriving licence.

engrave (v) /ɪnˈgreɪv/ graver I you engrave something onto stone, you write it thereusing something such as a knie.

tness test (n) /ˈfɪtnəs ˌtest/ check-up de santé As soon as your husband arrives, he’ll have a ftness test.

be ull o beans / bi ˈfʊl əv/ être plein d’entrain I you are ull o beans, you are very energetic.

guy (n) /gaɪ/ type He used to introduce me to all these nice guys, but Iwasn’t interested in them.

heaven (n) /ˈhevn/ paradis “Heaven” is the place where good people are supposedto go when they die.

introduce (v) /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/ présenter Daddy used to introduce me to all these nice guys, but Iwasn’t interested.

It’s a piece o cake. /ɪts ə ˌpiːs əv ˈkeɪk / C’est du gâteau It’s not dicult at all, in act it’s a piece o cake.

knock (v) /nɒk / rapper I someone is ill, a neighbour will always knock on theirdoor to see how they are.

lazy (adj) /ˈleɪzi/ paresseux When Darren was a student, he used to be very lazy.



56

love-hate relationship (n) /ˌlʌvˈheɪt rɪˌleɪʃnʃɪp/ relation ambivalente I had a love-hate relationship with that car – I loved itwhen it worked but I hated it when it broke down!

low-calorie (adj) /ˌləʊˈkæləri/ basses calories Okinawans eat a low-calorie diet.

luggage (n) /ˈlʌgɪʤ/ bagage We didn’t take any luggage because there wasn’t anyroom or suitcases.

non-existent (adj) /ˌnɒnɪgˈzɪst(ə)nt/ inconnu, pas existant Nobody is in a hurry and timetables are non-existent.

not be sb’s cup o tea /nɒt bi ˌsʌmbədɪz ˌkʌp ne pas être à son goût “What do you think o that guy?” “He’s OK, but he’s not əv ˈtiː/ really my cup o tea.

be packed in like sardines / bi ˌpækt ɪn laɪk être serré comme It was so crowded – we were packed in like sardines.ˈsɑːdiːnz/ des sardines

proverb (n) /ˈprɒvɜːb/ proverbe A proverb is a short, well-known statement that givespractical advice about lie.

serving (n) /ˈsɜːvɪŋ/ service, plat The Okinawans eat seven servings o ruit andvegetables every day.

set (v) /set/ se coucher (astre) When the sun sets, it slowly disappears at the end o theday.

stamina (n) (TS) /ˈstæmɪnə/ vigueur Darren is very strong and has amazing stamina.

stone (n) /stəʊn/ dalle (en pierre) Near a beach there is a large stone with a proverbengraved on it.

stress-ree (adj) /ˈstresˌfriː/ sans stress I you have a healthy diet and a stress-ree liestyle, youwill live longer.

stress-resistant (adj) /ˈstresrɪˌzɪst(ə)nt/ résistant au stress I you have a stress-resistant personality, you do notsuer rom stress.

strictly (adv) (TS) /ˈstrɪktli/ strictement You’re not allowed to have a cigarette in here – it’s astrictly no-smoking area.

tent (n) /tent/ tente Every weekend we let town with our tent in the back othe car.

timetable (n) /ˈtaɪmˌteɪbl

/ emploi du temps A timetable is a list o times at which you must dosomething or at which something happens.

be in trouble /ˌbiː ɪn ˈtrʌbl/ avoir des ennuis I you have a cigarette in a no-smoking area, you’ll be introuble!

well-built (adj) /ˌwelˈbɪlt/ bien bâti Someone who is well-built has a body that looks strong.

youth (n) / juːθ/ jeune (n) A youth is a young person, usually a teenager.



5

cars aUtomobilesair conditioning (n) /ˈeə kənˌdɪʃnɪŋ/ air conditionné Air conditioning is a system that makes the air colder.

bonnet (n) /ˈbɒnɪt/ capot The bonnet is the ront part o a car that covers theengine.

boot (n) / buːt/ core The boot is the back part o a car that you can putluggage into.

break down (phr v) /ˌbreɪk ˈdaʊn

/ tomber en panne I your car breaks down, it stops working and you can’tuse it.

bumper (n) /ˈbʌmpə/ pare-chocs A bumper is a piece o metal or rubber at the ront andback o a car that protects it.

economical (adj) /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl; ˌekəˈnɒmɪkl/ économique, avantageux A car that is economical to run does not use a lot opetrol.

engine (n) /ˈenʤɪn/ moteur The engine is the part o a car that uses petrol to producemovement.

environmentally riendly (adj) /ɪnˌvaɪrənmentliˈfrendli / respectueux de A car that is environmentally riendly is designed not tol’environnement harm the environment.

all o (phr v) /ˌfɔːl ˈɒf / aire déection, lâcher One day it was raining, and the windscreen wiper ell o!

fashy (adj) (TS) /ˈæʃi/ qui en jette I’d like to drive a Chevrolet with a silver bumper and big,ashy headlights.

gear stick (n) /ˈgɪə ˌstɪk / levier de vitesse The gear stick is the short metal stick in a car that youuse when you increase speed.

glamorous (adj) (TS) /ˈglæmərəs/ resplendissant I’d love to wear glamorous evening clothes and go to arestaurant in a Chevrolet!

handbrake (n) /ˈhændˌbreɪk / rein à main You pull a handbrake with your hand to keep a car stillater it has stopped.

headlights (n pl) (TS) /ˈhedˌlaɪts/ phares The headlights are the lights on the ront o a car thatyou use or driving at night.

leather seat (n) /ˌleðə ˈsiːt/ siège en cuir A Chevrolet has sot leather seats.

give sb a lit /ˌgɪv sʌmbədi ə ˈlɪft/ conduire/emmener qn Can you give me a lit to the station?

made in your country /ˌmeɪd ɪn jɔː ˈkʌntri/ abriqué dans votre pays I only buy cars that are made in my country.

number plate (n) /ˈnʌmbə ˌpleɪt/ plaque d’immatriculation The number plate is the sign on the ront and back o avehicle with letters and numbers on it.

overtake (v) /ˌəʊvəˈteɪk / doubler You should only overtake other drivers when the roadahead is clear.



5

park (v) / pɑːk / se garer A lot o women want cars that are easy to park.

posh (adj) (TS) / pɒʃ / chic A place that is posh is expensive and attractive.

run (v) /rʌn/ rouler(en voiture), I you run a car, you own it and use it regularly.conduire (une voiture)

run out o (phr v) /ˌrʌn ˈaʊt əv/ tomber en panne de I you run out o petrol, you have no more petrol let.

rush hour (n) /ˈrʌʃ ˌaʊə/ heure de pointe Most people hate driving during the rush hour.

satellite navigation system (n) /ˌsætəlaɪt nævɪˌgeɪʃn GPS, système de A satellite navigation system shows you the in which youˈsɪstəm/ navigation par satellite should travel.

seat belt (n) /ˈsiːt ˌbelt/ ceinture de sécurité Don’t orget to asten your seat belt!

sound system (n) /ˈsaʊnd ˌsɪstəm/ équipement audio A sound system is a piece o equipment or playing music.

spacious (adj) /ˈspeɪʃəs/ spacieux The car is really spacious, with plenty o room to stretchyour legs.

steering wheel (n) /ˈstɪərɪŋ ˌwiːl/ volant The steering wheel is the wheel that you hold and turnto control the direction o the car.

stretch your legs (TS) /ˌstreʧ je ˈlegz/ allonger vos jambes The car is really spacious, with plenty o room to stretchyour legs.

sunroo (n) /ˈsʌnˌruːf / toit ouvrant A sunroo is part o the roo o a car that you can open.trac jam (n) /ˈtræfɪk ˌʤæm/ bouchon I you are stuck in a trafc jam, you can’t drive because

there is too much trac.

tyre (n) /taɪə/ pneu A tyre is the thick rubber cover around the wheel o a car.

wheel (n) /wiːl/ roue A car has our wheels.

windscreen (n) /ˈwɪndˌskriːn/ parebrise The windscreen is the large glass window at the ront oa vehicle.

windscreen wiper (n) /ˈwɪndskriːn ˌwaɪpə/ essuie-glace A windscreen wiper is the long, thin thing that movesacross a windscreen and removes rain.

collocations locUtionsa brisk walk /ə ˌbrɪsk ˈwɔːk / une marche rapide We usually go or a brisk our-hour walk in the morning.

an extended amily /ən ɪkˌstendɪd ˈfæmli/ une parenté An extended amily is a larger amily group thatincludes cousins, aunts, uncles etc.

be in a hurry /biː ɪn ə ˈhʌri/ être pressé In Okinawa, nobody is in a hurry and timetables arenon-existent.



5

keep t /ˌk iːp ˈfɪt/ rester en orme I go swimming twice a week to keep ft.

lead a healthy lie /ˌliːd ə ˌhelθi ˈlaɪf / mener une vie saine Eating ruit and vegetables and doing sport is a good wayto lead a healthy lie.

do martial arts /ˌduː ˌmɑːʃl ˈɑːts/ pratiquer les arts martiaux I you do martial arts, you do sports such as judo orkarate.

a network o riends /ə ˌnetwɜːk əv ˈfrendz/ un réseau d’amis A network o riends is the group o riends you seeregularly.

a spectacular sunset /ə spekˌtækjʊlə ˈsʌnset/ un coucher de soleil A spectacular sunset is very beautiul to watch.spectaculaire

Food & cooking noUrritUre et cUisineadd (v) /æd/ ajouter Add vanilla ice cream to the bananas to make a banana

split.

aubergine (n) /ˈəʊbəʒiːn/ aubergine An aubergine is a vegetable with a dark purple skin andwhite fesh.

bake (v) / beɪk / cuire (au our) You can bake bananas in the oven in their skin.

banana (n) / bəˈnɑːnə/ banane A banana is a long curved ruit with a yellow skin.

banana-split (n) / bəˌnɑːnəˈsplɪt/ banana-split Banana split is a dish that consists o bananas and icecream.

batter (n) /ˈbætə/ pâte Batter is a mixture o four, milk and eggs used in cooking.

bean (n) haricot A bean is a seed o various plants; there are many/ biːn/ dierent types such as green beans, soya beans etc.

boil (v) / bɔɪl/ aire bouillir, I you boil something, you cook it in hot water.ébouillanter

brown sugar (n) /ˌbraʊn ˈʃʊgə/ sucre brun You can grill bananas and put brown sugar on top.

butter (n) /ˈbʌtə/ beurre Cut the bananas in hal and ry them in butter.

carrot (n) /ˈkærət/ carotte A carrot is a long orange vegetable that grows under the

ground.caulifower (n) /ˈkɒliˌaʊə/ chou-feur A cauliower is a vegetable with a hard, round white

part surrounded by green leaves.

cherry (n) /ˈʧ eri/ cerise A cherry is a small round black or red ruit.

chicken (n) /ˈʧɪkɪn/ poulet Chicken is the white meat o a chicken, eaten as ood.

chop (v) /ʧɒp/ découper I you chop something, you cut it into pieces with a knie.



60

coconut (n) /ˈkəʊkəˌnʌt/ noix de coco A coconut is a very large nut that is white inside and hasa hard brown shell.

cucumber (n) /ˈkjuːˌkʌmbə/ concombre A cucumber is a long thin vegetable with dark greenskin, oten eaten in salads.

cut in hal /ˌkʌt ɪn ˈhɑːf / couper en deux I you cut something in hal, you cut it into two equalpieces.

dish (n) /dɪʃ / plat Which o the banana dishes on the website would you

preer?resh (adj) /freʃ / rais You can eat bananas raw in resh ruit salad.

ritters (n pl) /ˈfrɪtəz/ beignets Banana ritters are bananas that are ried in milk, fourand eggs.

ruit salad (n) /ˌfruːt ˈsæləd/ salade de ruits Fruit salad is a dish consisting o small pieces o dierentruit.

ry /fraɪ/ (aire) rire Fry bananas in batter to make banana ritters.

garlic (n) /ˈgɑːlɪk / ail Garlic is a vegetable similar to an onion that you use incooking to add a strong favour.

grape (n) /greɪp/ raisin A grape is a small green or purple ruit that can be used

or making wine.grill (v) /grɪl/ griller Grill bananas with brown sugar on top.

ice cream (n) /ˌaɪs ˈkriːm/ glace A banana split is a dish consisting o bananas and vanillaice cream.

ingredient (n) /ɪnˈgriːdiənt/ ingrédient The ingredients o batter are milk, four and eggs.

lemon (n) /ˈlemən/ citron A lemon is a ruit with a hard yellow skin.

lettuce (n) /ˈletɪs/ laitue Lettuce is a vegetable with large green leaves used ormaking salads.

milk (n) /mɪlk / lait Black coee is coee without milk.

mix (v) /mɪks/ mélanger Mix bananas with rice or a Cuban dish.

mushroom (n) /ˈmʌʃruːm/ champignon A mushroom is a sot brown or grey vegetable with around top.

nut (n) /nʌt/ noix A nut is a dry ruit that grows inside a hard shell on sometypes o tree and bush.

onion (n) /ˈʌnjən/ oignon An onion is a vegetable with thin dry skin that tastes andsmells very strong.

orange (n) /ˈɒrɪnʤ/ orange An orange is a round ruit with hard orange skin.



6

oven (n) /ˈʌvn/ our You can bake bananas in their skin in the oven.

peach (n) / piːʧ / pêche A peach is a ruit with sot yellow-pink skin that has abig stone inside.

peel (v) / piːl/ peler I you peel ruit or vegetables, you take the skin o them.

prawn (n) / prɔːn/ grosse crevette A prawn is a type o small pink sea animal.

raw (adj) /rɔː/ cru Food that is raw has not been cooked.

recipe (n) /ˈresəpi/ recette A recipe is a set o instructions or cooking a dish or meal.red pepper (n) /ˌred ˈpepə/ poivron rouge A red pepper is a vegetable with small white seeds inside

that you cook or eat raw in salads.

rice (n) /raɪs/ riz You can mix bananas with rice to make a Cuban dish.

sardine (n) /sɑːˈdiːn/ sardine A sardine is a common silver sh that is eaten as ood.

sausage (n) /ˈsɒsɪʤ/ saucisse Sausages are long tubes o meat mixed with spices.

slice (v) /slaɪs/ tranche Slice the bananas in hal and add ice cream or a bananasplit.

soup (n) /suːp/ soupe Soup is a liquid ood oten eaten at the beginning o ameal.

spinach (n) /ˈspɪnɪʤ/ épinard Spinach is a vegetable with dark green leaves that youcan cook or eat raw in salads.

sugar (n) /ˈʃʊgə/ sucre Sugar is a very sweet substance that some people add totea and coee.

tea (n) /tiː/ thé Tea is a hot brown drink made by pouring boiling wateronto dried leaves.

tomato (n) /təˈmɑːtəʊ/ tomate A tomato is a very common round red ruit, oten eatenin salads.

trout (n) /traʊt/ truite A trout is quite a large sh that lives in rivers and lakesand is oten eaten as ood.

vanilla (n) /vəˈnɪlə/ vanille Vanilla is the most common favour o ice cream and islight yellow in colour.



62

U 11 (96)

accidentally (adv) /ˌæksɪˈdentli/ par hasard, Morris is a Siamese cat who accidentally deleted someaccidentellement valuable computer les.

activity (n) /ækˈtɪvəti/ activité Do you think that hunting is a cruel activity?

amused (adj) /əˈmjuːzd/ content, amusé When they discovered the cat had deleted some computerles, they were not amused.

arachnophobic (adj) /əˌræknəˈfəʊbɪk / arachnophobique Arachnophobic describes someone who is araid ospiders.

attitude (n) /ˈætɪtjuːd/ comportement Dierent people have dierent attitudes to animals.

away (adv) /əˈweɪ/ loin Robert is oten away on business or weeks, or evenmonths.

bare (adj) / beə/ nu Bare walls are empty; someone who is bare is undressed.

on business /ˌɒn ˈbɪznəs/ pour aaires Robert isn’t at home at the moment – he’s away onbusiness.

call (v) /kɔːl

/ crier, appeler The mynah bird calls “Robbie” a ew hours beoreRobert walks through the door.

change (n) /ʧeɪnʤ/ monnaie Would you keep the money i a shop assistant gave youtoo much change?

companion (n) /kəmˈpænjən/ compagnon Pets can be very good companions or humans.

contact (v) /ˈkɒntækt/ contacter Robert hardly ever contacts his parents when he’scoming home.

cool (adj) /kuːl/ cool Gus thinks Hendrix the spider looks cool!

cruel (adj) /ˌkruː(ə)l/ cruel Do you think that hunting is a cruel activity?

delete (v) /dɪˈliːt/ eacer Morris is a Siamese cat who accidentally deleted somevaluable computer les.

dislike (v) (TS) /dɪsˈlaɪk / ne pas aimer “Are there any animals that you really dislike?” “Spiders– I’m araid o them.”

essential (adj) /ɪˈsenʃl/ essentiel Do you agree that animal testing is essential or progressin the medical eld?

ctional (adj) /ˈfɪkʃnəl/ cti A fctional character in a book is someone who does notexist in real lie.



63

le (n) /faɪl/ chier The deleted computer fles were worth $00,000!

r (n) /fɜː/ sapin A Christmas tree is a type o fr tree.

fuently (adv) /ˈuːəntli/ couramment Someone who speaks a language uently, speaks it verywell.

righten sb away /ˌfraɪtn sʌmbədi əˈweɪ/ earoucher qn Gus’s spider rightens a lot o people away.

get in touch (with) /ˌget ɪn ˈtʌʧ (wɪð) / être en contact (avec) Robert hardly ever gets in touch with his parents to tell

them he’s coming home.get on with /ˌget ˈɒn wɪð/ continuer de Ralph made Morris a bed in his oce and got on with

his work.

heavy breathing (n) (TS) /ˌhevi ˈbriːðɪŋ/ respiration bruyante I you hear heavy breathing, you hear a person oranimal breathing very loudly.

human (n) /ˈhjuːmən/ être humain Do you think that animals are as important as humans?

hunting (n) /ˈhʌntɪŋ/ chasse A lot o people think hunting is very cruel.

illegal (adj) /ɪˈliːgl/ illégal Some people think animal testing is wrong and should beillegal.

image (n) /ˈɪmɪʤ/ image A dolphin recognises its own image in a mirror.

imaginative (adj) /ɪˈmæʤɪnətɪv/ imaginée, ctive A tale is an imaginative story.insect (n) /ˈɪnsekt/ insecte Insects are small animals with six legs that oten have

wings.

keep an eye on /ˌkiːp ən ˈaɪ ɒn/ garder un œil sur Ralph took his sick cat into work to keep an eye on him.

key in (phr v) /ˌkiː ˈɪn/ déverrouiller The cat accidentally keyed in a secret code that deletedsome computer les.

keyboard (n) /ˈkiːbɔːd/ clavier Morris got up and walked across the keyboard o thecomputer.

lead (n) (TS) /liːd/ laisse Angus takes the iguana or walks in the park on a lead!

lit (v) /lɪft/ soulever Ants can lit ty times their own weight!

look alike /ˌlʊk əˈlaɪk / (se) ressembler “Do you and your pet look alike?” “I’m not that hairy– but I think he looks cool, like me!”

look up (phr v) /ˌlʊk ˈʌp/ lever les yeux Pat and Tina looked up and suddenly realised they weresurrounded by cows.

medical eld (n) /ˈmedɪkl ˌːld/ domaine médical Do you agree that animal testing is essential or progressin the medical feld?

mirror (n) /ˈmɪrə/ miroir A dolphin recognises its own image in a mirror.



64

misunderstood (adj) /ˌmɪsʌndəˈstʊd/ mal compris When people do not understand a person or thingproperly, you say that that person or thing ismisunderstood.

Never mind. /ˌnevə ˈmaɪnd/ Çà ne ait rien… “Sorry, Emma, we’re going to London this weekend.”“Never mind.”

ornithologist (n) /ˌɔːnɪˈθɒləʤɪst/ ornithologue Someone who studies birds is an ornithologist.

own (v) /əʊn/ avoir, posséder Ralph owned a Siamese cat called Morris.

owner (n) /ˈəʊnə/ propriétaire Some people say that pets and their owners oten lookalike!

pain (n) / peɪn/ douleur Animal testing is OK i there is no pain or sueringinvolved.

progress (n) /ˈprəʊgres/ progrès Is animal testing essential or progress in the medicaleld?

protect (v) / prəˈtekt/ protéger Do you think that zoos are important or protecting endangered species?

pull up (phr v) /ˌpʊl ˈʌp/ s’arrêter, aire une halte They decided to pull up in a quiet place to have a picnic.

put up (phr v) (TS) /ˌpʊt ˈʌp/ monter, dresser When Richard put the tent up, there weren’t any animals

in the eld.recognise (v) /ˈrekəgnaɪz/ reconnaître A dolphin recognises its own image in a mirror.

respect (v) /rɪˈspekt/ respecter I think animals should be respected and protected.

rule (v) (TS) /ruːl/ aire la loi “Why would you like to be a lion?” “Because they’re bigand tough and they rule.”

run (v) /rʌn/ courir A cheetah can run at 00 kilometres per hour.

sauce (n) /sɔːs/ sauce A sauce is a liquid ood that you put on other ood togive it favour.

scary (adj) /ˈskeəri/ erayant I’m rightened o sharks – I think they’re really scary.

scientist (n) /ˈsaɪəntɪst/ savant, scientique Charles Darwin was the scientist who developed the

theory o evolution.secret code (n) /ˌsiːkrət ˈkəʊd/ code secret The cat accidentally keyed in a secret code that deleted

some computer les.

shadow (n) (TS) /ˈʃædəʊ/ ombre “I could see a shadow outside the tent.” “What was it?”“A big cow!”

suering (n) /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/ sourance Animal testing is OK i there is no pain or suering involved.



65

sunburn (n) /ˈsʌnˌbɜːn/ coup de soleil Did you know that pigs can get sunburn?

tale (n) /teɪl/ conte A tale is an imaginative story.

the theory o evolution /ðə ˌθɪəri əv ˌiːvəˈluːʃn/ la théorie de Charles Darwin was the scientist who developed the l’évolution theory o evolution.

the tip o the nose (TS) /ðə ˌtɪp əv ðə ˈnəʊz/ la pointe du museau Angus’s iguana is almost a metre long rom the tip o itsnose to the end o its tail.

tough (adj) (TS) /tʌf / ort Lions are big and tough, and they rule.tour (v) /tʊə/ visiter They were touring in the north o England by car when

they decided to stop or a picnic.

turn round (phr v) /ˌtɜːn ˈraʊnd/ aire demi-tour When they put on a pop music CD the cows turnedround and walked o!

turn up (phr v) /ˌtɜːn ˈʌp/ arriver, apparaître They know when their son is going to turn up becausethe bird starts calling “Robbie”!

type (v) /taɪp/ taper, écrire I you type inormation into a computer, you write itusing the keys on the keyboard.

unconditional love (n) /ˌʌnkənˌdɪʃn(ə)l ˈlʌv/ amour inconditionnel Unconditional love has no limits.

undressed (adj) /ʌnˈdrest/ déshabillé Someone who is undressed has no clothes on.

unnatural (adj) /ʌnˈnæʧ (ə)rəl/ contre-nature I think zoos are depressing and unnatural.

unwell (adj) /ʌnˈwel/ pas bien, malade “Unwell” is a word that means “ill” or “sick”.

visit (v) /ˈvɪzɪt/ visiter Zoos can be un to visit or children.

walk o (phr v) /ˌwɔːk ˈɒf / s’en aller When they put on a pop music CD the cows turned roundand walked o!

wallet (n) /ˈwɒlɪt/ porteeuille A wallet is a small fat container where men keep money.

weight (n) /weɪt/ poids Ants can lit ty times their own weight!

without (prep) /wɪðˈaʊt/ sans Which animal can last longer without water than acamel?

be worth $00,000 / bi ˌwɜːθ wʌn ˌhʌndrəd valoir 00,000$ The deleted computer les were worth $100,000!ˌθaʊzənd ˈdɒləz/

wrong (adj) /rɒŋ/ mal Some people think that animal testing is wrong andshould be illegal.



66

adjectives and prepositions adjectiFs et prépositionsbe araid o / biː əˈfreɪd əv/ avoir peur de I’m araid o sharks – I think they’re scary.

be allergic to / biː əˈlɜːʤɪk tuː/ être allergique à Richard doesn’t like cats because he’s allergic to them.

be ond o / bi ˈfɒnd əv/ aimer Harry is ond o all animals.

be interested in / biː ˈɪntrəstɪd ɪn/ être intéressé par Richard is interested in wild birds.

be keen on / bi ˈkiːn ɒn/ être enthousiaste pour Alicia likes most animals but she’s particularly keen on

horses.be terried o / bi ˈterəfaɪd əv/ être terrié par “Are you araid o rogs” “Araid?” “I’m terrifed o

them.”

animals animaUxalligator (n) /ˈælɪgeɪtə/ alligator An alligator is an animal with a long tail and sharp,

pointed teeth that lives in water and on land.

animal testing (n) /ˈænɪml ˌtestɪŋ/ expérimentation sur Do you think that animal testing should be illegal?les animaux

bat (n) / bæt/ chauve-souris A bat is an animal that fies at night.

bear (n) / beə/ ours A bear is a large animal such as a panda with thick ur.bull (n) / bʊl/ taureau A bull is an adult male cow.

cage (n) /keɪʤ/ cage Emma keeps the snake in a cage.

cal (n) /kɑːf / veau A cal is a young cow.

camel (n) /ˈkæml/ chameau A camel is a large animal, used or carrying people,especially in the desert.

cat (n) /kæt/ chat Cats and dogs are popular pets.

cheetah (n) /ˈʧiːtə/ guépard Cheetahs can run at 00 kilometres per hour.

chicken (n) /ˈʧɪkɪn/ poulet A chicken is a young hen.

cow (n) /kaʊ/ vache A cow is a popular arm animal used or its milk andmeat.

cricket (n) (TS) /ˈkrɪkɪt/ criquet Crickets are insects that move by jumping and make anoise.

crocodile (n) /ˈkrɒkədaɪl/ crocodile A crocodile has a long body and sharp teeth, and lives inwater.

deer (n) /dɪə/ cer A deer is a brown animal with long legs that is oten veryshy.



6

dog (n) /dɒg/ chien Cats and dogs are popular pets.

dolphin (n) /ˈdɒlfɪn/ dauphin Dolphins live in water and are very intelligent animals.

eagle (n) /ˈiːgl/ aigle An eagle is a large bird that kills other bird or ood.

elephant (n) /ˈelɪfənt/ éléphant Elephants can smell water that is teen kilometresaway.

endangered species (n) /ɪnˌdeɪnʤəd ˈspiːʃiːz/ espèce en voie de An endangered species is a type o animal that may soondisparition no longer exist.

fuy (adj) /ˈʌ/ pelucheux Animals that are uy are covered with a lot o ur andare nice and gentle.

oal (n) /fəʊl/ poulain A oal is a young horse.

rog (n) /frɒg/ grenouille Frogs are small animals with smooth green skin that livein water and on land.

ur (n) /fɜː/ ourrure Fur is the hair that covers some animals.

girae (n) /ʤəˈrɑːf / girae A girae is a very tall animal with a very long neck.

hairy (adj) (TS) /ˈheəri/ poilu A spider has eight hairy legs.

hamster (n) /ˈhæmstə/ hamster Hamsters are popular pets or children.

hen (n) /hen/ poule A hen is a emale chicken.horse (n) /hɔːs/ cheval Can you ride a horse?

iguana (n) /ɪˈgwɑːnə/ iguane An iguana is a type o large lizard with points on its back.

kitten (n) /ˈkɪtn/ chaton A young cat is called a kitten.

lamb (n) /læm/ agneau A young sheep is called a lamb.

lion (n) /ˈlaɪən/ lion Gus likes lions because they’re big and tough.

loveable (adj) (TS) /ˈlʌvəbl/ adorable A loveable pet is one that is easy to love.

mouse (pl mice) (n) /maʊs (pl maɪs) / souris Mice are small urry animals with long tails that live inelds or that people sometimes keep as pets.

mynah bird (n) /ˈmaɪnə ˌbɜːd/ ménate A mynah bird is a bird that can talk.paw (n) / pɔː/ patte (d’animal A paw is a dog’s or cat’s oot.

onguiculé)

pet (n) / pet/ animal amilier Pets are animals that people keep at home ascompanions.

pig (n) / pɪg/ cochon A pig is a at animal with pink skin that armers keep ormeat.



6

puppy (n) /ˈpʌpi/ chiot A puppy is a young dog.

rabbit (n) /ˈræbɪt/ lapin Rabbits are urry and have long ears and some peoplekeep them as pets.

rat (n) /ræt/ rat A rat is an animal like a mouse with a long tail; a lot opeople don’t like them because they are dirty.

reptile (n) (TS) /ˈrepˌtaɪl/ reptile Crocodiles, alligators and iguanas are all reptiles.

shark (n) / ʃɑː

k/ requin A shark is a very large sh with large teeth that can killpeople.

sheep (n) / ʃiːp/ mouton A sheep is an animal with white ur that is made into wool.

snake (n) /sneɪk / serpent Snakes are long thin animals that move along theground and can kill people.

tail (n) /teɪl/ queue Cats usually have long tails.

tortoise (n) /ˈtɔːtəs/ tortue Tortoises have shells on their back and move very slowly.

whale (n) /weɪl/ baleine The blue whale is the largest animal that has ever lived.

wild bird/animal (n) /ˌwaɪld ˈbɜːd/ˈænɪml/ oiseau/animal Wild birds or animals live in natural conditions and aresauvage not kept by humans.

zoo (n) /zuː/ zoo A zoo is a place where wild animals are kept in cages sothat people can see them.

insects insectesant (n) /ænt/ ourmi An ant is a small insect that lives in large groups and can

carry ty times its own weight.

bee (n) / biː/ abeille A bee is a yellow and black insect that fies and makeshoney.

butterfy (n) /ˈbʌtəaɪ/ papillon A buttery is an insect with colourul, oten beautiulwings.

cockroach (n) /ˈkɒkrəʊʧ / caard A cockroach is a large black insect that lives in places

where ood is kept.fy (n) /aɪ/ mouche A y is a very common small insect with wings.

mosquito (n) /mɒsˈkiːtəʊ/ moustique A mosquito is a small fying insect that bites the skin opeople and animals to eed on their blood.

spider (n) /ˈspaɪdə/ araignée Spiders are insects with eight hairy legs that a lot opeople are rightened o.

wasp (n) /wɒsp/ guêpe A wasp is a yellow and black insect that can sting you.



6

U 12 (.104)

abroad (adv) /əˈbrɔːd/ à l’étranger Do you go abroad or your holidays?

adorable (adj) /əˈdɔːrəbl/ adorable That little girl is absolutely adorable!

ago (adv) /əˈgəʊ/ il y a (combien de temps) “How long ago was the Alhambra built?” “In the 3th

or 4th century.”all over the world /ɔːl ˌəʊvə ðə ˈwɜːld/ le monde entier The interior o the hotel is designed by artists rom all

over the world.

anniversary (n) /ˌænɪˈvɜːs(ə)ri/ anniversaire The th anniversary o their relationship was onst July.

architect (n) (TS) /ˈɑːkɪtekt/ architecte “Who was the architect o the Alhambra.” “I don’tknow.”

arrangement (n) /əˈreɪnʤmənt/ disposition The “two Lauras” have made arrangements to meet up.

attached (adj) /əˈtæʧt/ ci-joint Laura released a balloon with her name and address anda note attached.

awul (adj) /ˈɔː/ terrible “His suit isn’t very nice.” “It’s absolutely awul!”

balloon (n) / bəˈluːn/ ballon A balloon is a child’s toy that foats in the air.

build (v) / bɪld/ construire Every winter, work starts on building a new Ice Hotel.

building (n) /ˈbɪldɪŋ/ immeuble, construction Curro thinks that the Alhambra is the most incrediblebuilding he has ever seen.

celebrate (v) /ˈseləˌbreɪt/ célébrer I you celebrate a birthday or anniversary, you have aparty to show that it is special.

century (n) /ˈsenʧəri/ siècle The Alhambra was built in the 3th or 4th century.

connecting fight (n) /kəˌnektɪŋ ˈaɪt/ vol de correspondance They both stopped in Singapore to wait or connectingights.

crazy (adj)/ˈkreɪzi/

ou, dingue Something that is crazy is slightly mad.

delicious (adj) /dɪˈlɪʃəs/ délicieux “The ood is tasty.” “Yes, it’s absolutely delicious!”

design (v) /dɪˈzaɪn/ créé, décoré The interior o the hotel is designed by artists rom allover the world.

disappear (v) /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə/ disparaître In spring, the Ice Hotel melts away and disappears.

enormous (adj) (TS) /ɪˈnɔːməs/ énorme The Alhambra is very big, in act it’s an enormous building.



0

entirely (adv) /ɪnˈtaɪəli/ entièrement The Ice Hotel in Sweden is made entirely o ice.

exhausted (adj) /ɪgˈzɔːstɪd/ épuisé “He looks tired, doesn’t he?” “He looks absolutelyexhausted.”

exist (v) /ɪgˈzɪst/ exister A hotel made entirely o ice exists in Sweden.

expect (v) /ɪkˈspekt/ (s’y) attendre “How many children will I have?” “More than youexpect.”

ame (n) /feɪm/ célébrité Fame is the state or situation o being amous.

golden wedding anniversary (n) /ˌgəʊldən ˈwedɪŋ les noces d’or A golden-wedding anniversary is the day when aˌænɪvɜːs(ə)ri/ couple celebrates 50 years o marriage.

guest (n) /gest/ hôte Guests at the hotel are given special arctic sleeping bags.

guinea pig (n) /ˈgɪni ˌpɪg/ cochon d’Inde Both Lauras have a rabbit and a guinea pig.

helium-lled (adj) /ˈhiːliəmˌfɪld/ rempli à l’hélium A helium-flled balloon is a balloon lled with a gas thatkeeps it in the air.

hilarious (adj) /hɪˈleəriəs/ hilarant Something that is hilarious is extremely unny.

ice cube (n) /ˈaɪːs ˌkjuːb/ glaçon You put ice cubes in drinks to make them cold.

In my opinion (TS) /ɪn ˈmaɪ əˌpɪnjən/ À mon avis In my opinion, the Alhambra is one o the seven

wonders o the modern world.including (prep) /ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/ y compris All the urniture is made o ice, including the beds!

incredible (adj) /ɪnˈkredəbl/ incroyable What’s the name o the most incredible building Currohas ever seen?

inside (prep) /ɪnˈsaɪd/ à l’intérieur Inside the hotel, the temperature is always around -5ºC.

interior (n) /ɪnˈtɪəriə/ intérieur The interior o the hotel is designed by artists rom allover the world.

journey (n) /ˈʤɜːni/ voyage Amy didn’t know that Ian had just started his journey rom Sydney to London.

king (n) (TS) /kɪŋ/ roi The Alhambra Palace was built or the Moorish kings.

Labrador (n) /ˈlæbrədɔː/ Labrador A Labrador is a type o large dog with short hair that is apopular pet.

location (n) /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ emplacement The location o a building is the place or position whereit is built.

meet up (phr v) /ˌmiːt ˈʌp/ se rencontrer I two people decide to meet up, they arrange to seeeach other.

melt (away) (v) /melt (əweɪ)/ ondre In spring, the Ice Hotel melts away and disappears.



note (n) /nəʊt/ petit mot Laura released a balloon with her name and address anda note attached.

outside (adv) /ˌaʊtˈsaɪd/ à l’extérieur, dehors Outside, the temperature is -30ºC.

overlook (v) (TS) /ˌəʊvəˈlʊk / surplomber The Alhambra is built on a hill overlooking the city oGranada.

palace (n) (TS) /ˈpæləs/ palais The Alhambra is a beautiul palace in the south o Spain.

or pleasure /ˌfə ˈpleʒə/ pour le plaisir I you do something or pleasure, you do it because youlike and enjoy it.

pretty (adj) /ˈprɪti/ joli “That dress is very pretty.” “Yes, it’s absolutelygorgeous.”

reindeer skin (n) /ˈreɪndɪə ˌskɪn/ peau de renne The beds in the Ice Hotel are covered with reindeerskins.

release (v) /rɪˈliːs/ lâcher I you release a balloon, you let it go into the air.

reply (n) /rɪˈplaɪ/ réponse The letter was a reply rom another Laura Buxton.

ridiculous (adj) /rɪˈdɪkjʊləs/ ridicule £,500 or a dress? That’s absolutely ridiculous.

shore (n) / ʃɔː/ rive The hotel is situated on the shores o the Torne River.

be situated / bi ˈsɪʧueɪtɪd/ être situé It’s situated on the shores o the Torne River.sleeping bag (n) /ˈsliːpɪŋ ˌbæg/ sac de couchage Guests at the hotel are given special arctic sleeping

bags.

spring (n) /sprɪŋ/ printemps In spring, the Ice Hotel melts away.

strange (adj) /streɪnʤ/ étrange Their daughter doesn’t look anything like them – that’svery strange.

stunning (adj) /ˈstʌnɪŋ/ sensationnel, renversant Something that is stunning is very beautiul or spectacular.

style (n) /staɪl/ style The style o the Alhambra is Moorish, or Islamic.

sweet (adj) /swiːt/ charmant, doux “Look at that little girl – she’s very sweet.” “She’sabsolutely adorable.”

tasty (adj) /ˈteɪsti/ qui a bon goût Tasty ood has a nice favour.temperature (n) /ˈtemprɪʧə/ température Today will start o cold, with temperatures o -3ºC.

unique (adj) / juːˈniːk / unique A place that is unique is the only one o its type.

visitor (n) /ˈvɪzɪtə/ visiteur The hotel is described by visitors as “absolutelystunning”.

Well, … (interjection) /wel/ Eh bien,… Can you imagine a hotel made entirely o ice? Well, itexists in Sweden, but only in winter.



2

well-known (adj) /ˌwelˈnəʊn/ connu, célèbre Someone or something that is well-known is amous.

wherever (adv) (TS) /werˈevə/ où que (ce soit) At the Alhambra, you can hear water running wherever you go.

winter (n) /ˈwɪntə/ hiver Every winter, work starts on building a new Ice Hotel.

one o the wonders o … (TS) /ˌwʌn əv ðə ˈwʌndəz əv/ une des merveilles du… Curro thinks the Alhambra is one o the seven wonders o the modern world.

write back (phr v) /ˌraɪt ˈbæk / répondre (à une lettre) I you write back to someone, you reply to them.

collocations with do, get, locUtions avec « do, get,go, have, make, take go, have, make, take »do a course /ˌduː ə ˈkɔːs/ suivre(aire) un cours I’m doing a part-time English course.

do some homework /ˌduː səm ˈhaʊswɜːk / aire des devoirs In the evening, we usually have to do some homework.

do the housework /ˌduː ðə ˈhəʊmwɜːk / aire le ménage “Do you enjoy doing the housework?” “No, I hate it.”

do research /ˌduː rɪˈsɜːʧ /ˈriːsɜːʧ / aire des recherches I you do research, you study something in detail.

do the shopping /ˌduː ðə ˈʃɒpɪŋ/ aire les courses Mum has asked me to do the shopping this week.

get better /ˌget ˈbetə

/ aller mieux I’ve been ill but I’m getting better now.

get changed /ˌget ˈʧeɪnʤd/ (aller) se changer You should get changed beore you go out.

get dressed /ˌget ˈdrest/ s’habiller I had a shower, got dressed and had breakast.

get lost /ˌget ˈlɒst/ se perdre It’s easy to get lost when you’re in a strange place.

get married /ˌget ˈmærɪd/ se marier People oten live together nowadays beore they getmarried.

go or a drink /ˌgəʊ fər ə ˈdrɪŋk / aller boire un verre Let’s go or a drink ater work.

go or a walk /ˌgəʊ fər ə ˈwɔːk / (aller) aire une promenade I try to go or a walk every day.

go home /ˌgəʊ ˈhəʊm/ aller à la maison What time do you go home rom school?

go mad /ˌgəʊ ˈmæd/ devenir ou I they give us any more homework, I’ll go mad!

go skiing /ˌgəʊ ˈskiːɪŋ/ aller aire du ski We go skiing every winter.

have a go /ˌhæv ə ˈgəʊ/ essayer, aire un essai Everybody should have a go at doing somethingdangerous once in their lie.

have a good time /ˌhæv ə gʊd ˈtaɪm/ bien s’amuser The holiday was very enjoyable – we had a really goodtime.

have a laugh /ˌhæv ə ˈlɑːf / rire (ensemble) I you can’t have a laugh with your partner, you’re in thewrong relationship.



3

have lunch /ˌhæv ˈlʌnʧ / prendre son déjeuner We usually have lunch at 3.00.

have a rest /ˌhæv ə ˈrest/ aire une pause You’ve worked hard – it’s time to have a rest.

make a decision /ˌmeɪk ə dɪˈsɪʒn/ prendre une décision It’s important to make a decision in the next ew days.

make a living /ˌmeɪk ə ˈlɪvɪŋ/ gagner sa vie It can be hard to make a living as an actor.

make mistakes /ˌmeɪk mɪˈsteɪks/ aire des erreurs Everyone makes mistakes when they’re learning alanguage.

make money /ˌmeɪk ˈmʌni/ gagner de l’argent Do you agree that the only reason to get a job is to makemoney?

make a promise /ˌmeɪk ə ˈprɒmɪs/ aire une promesse You should never make a promise i you can’t keep it.

take a bus /ˌteɪk ə ˈbʌs/ prendre le bus “Do you walk to school?” “No, I take a bus.”

take an exam /ˌteɪk ən ɪgˈzæm/ passer un examen I’m taking my English exam in summer.

take a photo /ˌteɪk ə ˈfəʊtəʊ/ prendre une photo The press shouldn’t take photos o amous peoplewithout their permission.

take responsibility /ˌteɪk rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ prendre la responsabilité You have to learn to take responsibility or your ownlie.

take risks /ˌteɪk ˈrɪsks/ prendre des risques I you don’t take risks, you won’t succeed in lie.

weather le tempsbreeze (n) / briːz/ brise A breeze is a light wind.

breezy (adj) /ˈbriːzi/ venteux It was quite breezy walking by the sea.

Celsius (n) /ˈselsiəs/ Celsius The temperature is 20 degrees Celsius.

cloud (n) /klaʊd/ nuage Look at those clouds in the sky – I think it’s going to rain.

cloudy (adj) /ˈklaʊdi/ nuageux The weather tomorrow will be cloudy and dull.

cold (adj) /kəʊld/ roid Today will start o cold, with temperatures o -3ºC.

dark (adj) /dɑːk / sombre The sky oten becomes very dark beore a storm.

dry (adj) /draɪ/ sec I the weather is dry, it doesn’t rain.dull (adj) /dʌl/ maussade It was a dull, grey depressing day.

ne (adj) /faɪn/ beau (temps) People eel happier when the weather is fne and sunny.

og (n) /fɒg/ brouillard We couldn’t see anything because o the og.

oggy (adj) /ˈfɒgi/ il y a du brouillard Driving when it’s oggy can be dangerous.

reeze (v) /friːz/ geler I it reezes, water on the ground and on windows turnsto ice.



4

reezing (adj) /ˈfriːzɪŋ/ glace Freezing weather is weather that is very cold.

heat (n) /hiːt/ chaleur Walking long distances in the heat can be tiring.

hot (adj) /hɒt/ chaud It can be very hot here in the summer.

humid (adj) /ˈhjuːmɪd/ humide Humid weather is hot and wet in a way that makes youeel uncomortable.

humidity (n) /hjuːˈmɪdəti/ humidité British people are not used to high levels o humidity.

ice (n) /aɪs/ glace The Ice Hotel in Sweden is made entirely o ice.icy (adj) /ˈaɪsi/ verglacé Tomorrow will be cold and icy, with temperatures o

-3ºC.

minus 3/30 degrees /ˌmaɪnəs ˌθɜːtiːn/ˌθɜːti dɪˈgriːz/ moins 3/30 degrés Temperatures are expected to be minus 30 degrees.

mist (n) /mɪst/ brume A mist is a very light og.

misty (adj) /ˈmɪsti/ brumeux Tomorrow will be a typical misty autumn day.

rain (n) /reɪn/ pluie I the weather is dry, there is no rain.

rain (v) /reɪn/ pleuvoir Look at those clouds in the sky – I think it’s going to rain.

rainy (adj) /ˈreɪni/ pluvieux Rainy weather is wet and unpleasant.

shower (n) /ˈʃaʊə/ averse A shower is a short period o rain.showery (adj) /ˈʃaʊəri/ temps de giboulées When it is showery there are a lot o short periods o rain.

snow (n) /snəʊ/ neige We had a lot o snow last winter.

snow (v) /snəʊ/ neiger It’s very cold – I think it might snow.

storm (n) /stɔːm/ tempête When there is a storm, a lot o rain alls very quickly,oten with strong winds.

stormy (adj) /ˈstɔːmi/ qui ait de la tempête Stormy weather can be dangerous or drivers.

sun (n) /sʌn/ soleil Most people like the sun.

sunny (adj) /ˈsʌni/ ensoleillé The weather today will be warm and sunny.

warm (adj) /wɔːm/ chaud The weather today will be warm and sunny.

wet (adj) /wet/ humide Rainy weather is wet and unpleasant.

wind (n) /wɪnd/ vent Rain and strong winds make driving conditions dicult.

windy (adj) /ˈwɪndi/ venté, venteux It was very windy walking by the sea



5

r d (.112)

albatross (n) /ˈælbəˌtrɒs/ albatros An albatross is a very large white ocean bird with long,narrow wings.

approximately (adv) /əˈprɒksɪmətli/ approximativement Around .5 million wildebeest travel approximately 3,000 km around Tanzania and Kenya.

birthplace (n) /ˈbɜːθˌpleɪs/ lieu de naissance Female green turtles return to their birthplace every2 to 3 years to start a amily.

come out (phr v) (TS) /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ sortir Suddenly the rain stopped and the sun came out.

cover (v) /ˈkʌvə/ dissimuler, recouvrir Green turtles cover their eggs on the beach beorereturning to the water.

die (v) /daɪ/ mourir In spring Monarch butterfies travel back east, where theylay their eggs and die.

dish (n) /dɪʃ / plat Put the olive oil and garlic in the bottom o a dish.

x (v) /fɪks/ réparer The car broke down and we had to wait three days or itto be fxed.

give birth /ˌgɪv ˈbɜːθ/ donner naissance, The humpback whales swim to warmer waters in wintermettre bas to give birth.

green turtle (n) /ˌgriːn ˈtɜːtl/ tortue verte de mer Female green turtles return to their birthplace every2 to 3 years to start a amily.

humpback whale (n) /ˌhʌmpbæk ˈweɪl/ rorqual Humpback whales are dark grey or black whales withlarge, round backs.

lay eggs /ˌleɪ ˈegz/ pondre des œus In spring the butterfies travel back east where they lay their eggs and die.

long-distance (adj) /ˌlɒŋˈdɪstəns/ de grandes distances Humpback whales are experienced long-distancetravellers.

olive oil (n) /ˈɒlɪv ˌɔɪl/ huile d’olive Olive oil is a type o oil that is oten used in cooking.

set o (phr v) /ˌset ˈɒf / partir, démarrer We set o early in the morning and made good progress.

slow down (phr v) /ˌsləʊ ˈdaʊn/ ralentir I should slow down. I’m always in a hurry.

turn back (phr v) /ˌtɜːn ˈdaʊn/ retourner The engine problems continued so we decided to turnback.

wildebeest (n) /ˈwɪldəˌbiːst/ gnou A wildebeest is an Arican wild animal with curvedhorns.



6

Grammar Extra

Unit 1 Questions

Construction de la phrase

La construction courante de la phrase interrogative est:

Yes/No questions [Questions qui ont des réponses courtes en Yes/No]

Dans les Yes/No questions avec be on place am/are/is/was/were devant lesujet.

‘ Is she tired?’ ‘Yes, she is.’ ‘ Were they late?’ ‘No, they weren’t.’

Dans les Yes/No questions avec le présent simple et le prétérit simple onplace do/does/did devant le sujet.

‘ Do you live here?’ ‘Yes, I do.’ ‘ Did Jim and his two sisters go to university?’ ‘No, they didn’t.’

Dans les Yes/No questions avec les autres constructions verbales on placel’auxiliaire devant le sujet.

‘ Have you been to Oslo?’ ‘Yes, I have.’ ‘ Can she drive?’ ‘No, she can’t.’

Wh questions [Questions en Wh]

Les questions en What, Where, How many, etc. ont la même constructionque les Yes/No questions. On place un mot interrogati au début de laphrase interrogative.

Why is she tired? Where do you live? How many times have you been to Oslo?

Révision des temps

Temps Utilisations Afrmati Négati Question

Present Facts/habits/ He works. He doesn’t Does hesimple routines work. work?

Past simple Completed She worked She didn’t Did sheaction at a yesterday. work work specic past yesterday. yesterday?time

Present Activities in They’re working They aren’t Are theycontinuous progress now now. working working

now. now?

Future (be) Future plans We’re going to We aren’t Are wegoing to and intentions work tomorrow. going to going to

work work tomorrow. tomorrow?

Present Completed It’s worked It hasn’t Has itperect action in ‘time recently. worked worked

up to now’.’ recently. recently?

Mot interrogati Verbe (auxiliaire) Sujet — Is she happy?

— Have they let?

What does ‘niece’ mean?

Where are you going?

When did he graduate?



Unit 2 Les noms et les expressions de quantité

Noms dénombrables

La plupart des noms en anglais sont dénombrables. Ils ont une ormesingulier et une orme pluriel.

Formes régulières

Formes irrégulières

a or an? Avec les noms au singulier on utilise a devant un sonconsonnant: a t own, a university .

You use an beore a vowel sound: an airport, an oce.

Plural nouns Quelques noms sont toujours au pluriel et n’ont pas deorme au singulier. On ne peut utiliser a/an ou placer un nombre devant eux.

I have some pink jeans. (NOT I have a pink jeans.)

Noms communs pluriels: clothes, glasses, jeans, knickers, pants, pyjamas, scissors, shorts, sunglasses, tights, trousers.

Noms indénombrables

Quelques noms en anglais sont indénombrables. Ils ont seulement uneorme au singulier. On ne peut utiliser a/an ou placer un nombre devant eux.

We had bad weather. (NOT We had a bad weather.)

Noms communs indénombrables: advice, architecture, ood, urniture,homework, inormation, knowledge, love, money, music, news, trafc,transport, weather, work .

Expressions de quantité

Voici des possibilités pour exprimer la quantité si l’on ne peut ou si l’on neveut utiliser un nombre exact.

Avec des noms dénombrables: (only) a ew / (ar) too many / How many …?

Only a few people saw what happened.

How many emails do you get every day?

Avec des noms indénombrables: (only) a little / (ar) too much / How much …?

There’s a little wine let but no beer.

How much homework do you get?

Avec des noms dénombrables et indénombrables: a lot o / lots o / not …enough

She has a lot of problems.

He did n’t give me enough inormation.

too + much/many (+ noun) = trop ou plus que nécessaire.

I have too much work and not enough time.

Singulier Pluriel Orthographe

a place two places Ajouter s.

a church three churches Ajouter es après ch, sh, s, x .

a city ten cities Ajouter ies après une consonne + y .

a lea ten thousand leaves Ajouter ves après une voyelle + v

Singulier Pluriel

a person two people

a child two children

a man two men

a woman two women

a oot two eet

a tooth two teeth

Í!

Í!



Unit 3 Prétérit simple et prétérit continu

Part 1: Prétérit simple (past simple)

CONJUGAISON: VERBES RÉGULIERS

Ajouter ed/d après la plupart des verbes: work – worked, demonstrate– demonstrated

Enlever y et ajouter ied pour les verbes qui se terminent avec une consonne+ y : study – studied, try – tried

Ajouter une consonne + ed pour les verbes qui se terminent avec une voyelle

+ une consonne: stop – stopped, plan – planned

Les dix verbes irréguliers les plus utilisés sont:

say – said

2 get – got

3 go – went

4 know – knew

5 think – thought

6 see – saw

make – made

come – came

take – took

0 give – gave

See a uller list o irregular verbs on page 5.

On peut utiliser le prétérit simple comme temps principal pour parlerd’événements et de situations passés . Il est utilisé en général pour raconterdes histoires.

Il n’existe seulement qu’une orme au passé pour chaque verbe sauêtre(be).

Part 2: Prétérit continu (past continuous)

Conjugaison : ormes en ing

Enlever e et ajouter ing pour les verbes qui se terminent en e: have

– having; make – makingDoubler la consonne + ing pour les verbes qui se terminent avec une voyelle+ une consonne: run – running; stop – stopping

On peut utiliser le prétérit continu pour décrire une activité ”plus longuedans la durée” qui était en train de se aire au moment où les autres

Afrmati Négati Question Réponse Réponsecourte Yes courte No

I/You/He/She/ I/You/He/She/ Did Yes, No,It/We/They It/We/They I/you/he/she/it/ I/you/he/ I/you/he/ worked. didn´t (did we/they work? she/it/we/ she/it/we/

not) work. they did. they didn’t.

Í!


I/He/She/It I/He/She/It Was I/he/she/it Yes, I/he/she/ No, I/he/she/ was tired. wasn’t (was tired? it was. it wasn’t.

not) tired.

You/We/They You/We/They Were you/we/ Yes, you/we/ No, you/ were tired. weren’t (were they tired? they were. we/they

not) tired. weren’t.


I/He/She/It I/He/She/It Was I/he/she/it Yes, I/he/she/ No, I/he/she/ was working. wasn’t (was tired? it was. it wasn’t.

not) working.

You/We/They You/We/They Were you/we/ Yes, you/we/ No, you/ were weren’t (were they tired? they were. we/theyworking. not) working. weren’t.



événements passés eurent lieu. On l’utilise en général en contraste duprétérit simple.

I saw her when I was driving home. They were playing tennis when it started raining.

Unit 4 Place des mots accompagnant le verbe.Présent simple et présent continu

Part 1: Place des mots accompagnant le verbe – verbes avec deuxcompléments d’objet

Quelques verbes usuels peuvent avoir deux compléments d’objet. Deuxconstructions diérentes de la phrase sont possibles, mais la signicationreste la même. La construction verbe + personne + objet est la pluscouramment utilisée, surtout avec les pronoms compléments (me, you, him,etc.)

Verbes courants avec le schéma verbe + chose + to + personne : give, lend,oer, pass, read, send, show, teach, tell

Verbes courants avec le schéma verbe + chose + for + personne : buy, fnd,get, make

On ne peut utiliser la construction verbe + personne + chose aveccertains verbes: describe, explain, say or suggest .

He explained the situation to me. (NOT He explained me the situation.)She said hello to us. (NOT She said us hello.)

Part 2: Présent simple et présent continu

Conjugaison: 3ème personne du singulier

Ajouter s après la plupart des verbes: live – lives, play – plays, work – works

Ajouter es après ch, sh, s, x : watch – watches, nish – nishes

Supprimer y et ajouter ies après une consonne + y : study– studies

Formes irrégulières: do – does, go – goes, have – has

On peut utiliser le présent simple pour parler de:• choses qui sont toujours vraies. He looks like his ather. Ice orms at 0

degrees.

• choses qui ont lieu régulièrement ou à chaque ois. He plays tennis onFriday. She never gets up beore 9.00 a.m.

Présent continu

(c. indirect) (c. direct) (c.direct) (c.indirect)

verbe + personne + chose = verb + chose + to/for + personneI bought him a present. = I bought a present or him.

He lent her some money. = He lent some money to her.

Í!


I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Do I/you/we/they Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/ They work. don´t (do not) work? they do. we/they

work. don’t.He/She/It He/She/It Does he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/ works. doesn´t (does work? it does. it doesn’t.

not) work.


I’m (am) I’m not (am Am I working? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.working. not) working.

You/We/ You/We/They Are you/we/they Yes, you/we/ No, you/we/ They’re (are) aren’t (are not) working? they are. they aren’t.working. working.

He/She/It’s He/She/It isn’t Is he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/ (is) working. (is not) working? it is. it isn’t.

working.



0

Conjugaison: ormes en ing

Supprimer e et ajouter ing pour les verbes qui se terminent en e: have– having, make – making

Ajouter une consonne + ing pour les verbes qui se terminent avec unevoyelle + une consonne: run – running, stop – stopping

On peut employer le présent continu pour parler d’:• activités qui se déroulent au moment (précis) où l’on parle. ‘What are you

doing?’ ‘I’m writing an email.’

• activités qui se déroulent à peu près au moment où l’on parle. Cars aregetting cheaper, but house prices are going up.

Unit 5 Adjectis comparatis et superlatis.

“Phrasal verbs”[verbes composés]

Part 1: Adjectis comparatis et superlatis

On utilise les adjectis comparatis pour comparer les personnes/choses avecd’autres personnes/choses

Fernando Alonso is older than Lewis Hamilton.

On peut employer a bit ou much pour modier les comparaisons.

Wembley Stadium is a bit bigger than the Stade de France.

Cristiano Ronaldo is much better-looking than Wayne Rooney.

On utilise not as + adjecti + as pour aire des comparaisons négatives.

Gol is not as dangerous as motor racing.

On utilise les adjectis superlatis pour comparer des personnes/choses avecl’ensemble des personnes/choses du même groupe.

Mohamed Ali was the greatest sportsman o all time.

Football is the most popular sport in the world.

Part 2: ”Phrasal verbs” [verbes composés]

L’expression ‘phrasal verb’ [verbe composé] ait en général réérence à tousles verbes composés de plusieurs mots, consistant en un verbe + particule(s).On peut diviser les verbes composés en trois groupes principaux.

1 Verbe + particule (INTRANSITIF)

Certains verbes composés sont intransitis et n’ acceptent pas decomplément d’objet direct.

Sit down and enjoy it.

When are you going to grow up?

2 Verbe + complément d’objet + particule (TRANSITIF – PEUT ÊTRE SÉPARÉ)

La plupart des verbes composés sont transitis. Ces verbes ont uncomplément d’objet direct. Avec les verbes à particule séparable, si lecomplément d’objet direct est un nom, on peut le mettre devant ou derrièrela particule.

Take off your shoes. OR Take your shoes off .

Si le complément d’objet direct est un pronom, on doit le placer entre leverbe et la particule.

Switch it off , please. ( NOT Switch o it.)

Adjectis courts: ajouter er/est Adjectis nissant avec uneconsonne ou e

Adjectis nissant avec unevoyelle + une consonne

Adjectis nissant en y

Adjectis irréguliers

Adjectis longs: ajoutermore / the most

Adjecti

new nice

t

healthy

good bad ar

exciting

Comparati

newer nicer

Fitter

Healthier

better worseurther

more exciting

Superlati

the newest the nicest

the ttest

the healthiest

the best theworst theurthest

the most exciting



3 Verbe + particule + complément d’objet (TRANSITIF– NE PEUT ÊTRESÉPARÉ)

Avec ce type de verbe composé on place toujours le complément d’objetdirect – nom ou pronom – après la particule.

She looks after her grandmother.

I ran after the bus, but it didn’t stop.

Unit 6 Permission et obligation (présent).

Présent perect simple

Part 1: can pour la permission; have to pour l’obligation

On peut utiliser can et can’t pour parler de permission:

• can signie que quelque chose est permis: c’est OK.

• can’t signie que quelque chose n’est pas permis: ce n’est pas OK.

In the UK, you can leave school when you are 16. You can’t vote until youare 18.

On utilise have to / don’t have to pour parler de nécessité ou d’obligation:

• have to signie que quelque chose est nécessaire ou bien obligatoire.

• don’t have to signie que quelque chose n’est pas nécessaire ou bien pasobligatoire.

In the UK, you have to drive on the let. You don’t have to wear a helmet

on a bicycle.Part 2: Présent perect simple

See the list o irregular verbs on page 5.

On peut employer le présent perect pour parler d’actions passées qui sedéroulent dans le temps jusqu’au moment où l’on parle [time ‘up to now’].On n’insiste pas sur un moment précis.

Time ‘up to now’ [expression d’une action du passé qui dure encore aumoment où l’on parle]

The past Now

W I’ve done a lot o silly things in my lie. V

Expressions de temps courantes qui décrivent le temps passé ‘up to now’:today, this week, recently, never, over the years. Avec ces expressions detemps on emploie, en général, le présent perect.

My brother has never been to a pop concert.

I haven’t seen any good flms recently .


I/You/He, etc . I/You/He etc . Can I/you/he, etc . Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/ can work. can’t (cannot) work? etc . can. he, etc .

work. can’t.


I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Do I/you/we/they Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/ They have to don’t have to have to work? they do. we/they

work. worked. don’t.He/She/It has He/She/It Does he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/ to work. doesn’t have have to work? it does. it doesn’t.

to work.


I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Have I/you/we/ Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/ They’ve (have) haven’t (have they worked? they have. we/theyworked. not) worked. haven’t.

He/She/It’s He/She/It hasn’t Has he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/ (has) worked. (has not) worked? it has. it hasn’t.

worked.



2

been been est le participe passé de be, mais on peut aussi l’employercomme participe passé de go.

Comparez les phrases:

• He’s been to Rome. = He went and came back.

• He’s gone to Rome. = He went and is in Rome now.

‘Finished’ time [expression du passé révolu]

The past Now•

I did a lot o silly things when I was at university .

Expressions de temps courantes qui expriment que l’action passée estterminée au moment où l’on parle [‘nished’ time]: yesterday, last month,when I was a student, in 1990, a ew minutes ago. On emploie le prétéritsimple avec ces expressions de temps.

She called you a few minutes ago. I didn’t go to the mountains last

summer .

Unit 7 Verbes d’action et verbes d’état.

Formes exprimant le utur

Part 1: Verbes d’action et verbes d’état

Verbes d’action

La plupart des verbes ont un sens dynamique . Ils expriment une action :quelque chose ‘se passe’. On peut les employer avec des ormes simplespour parler d’habitudes ou de routines, ou avec des ormes continues(progressives) pour parler d’événements qui sont en train de se dérouler.

I recycle all paper, plastic and bottles. We’re destroying the planet. The

phone is ringing.Verbes d’état

Les verbes qui ont un rapport avec le savoir, l’émotion ou la possessionexpriment un état. Il ne ‘se passe’ rien. On ne peut les utiliser avec desormes continues.

I want a airer system. I don’t feel strongly about politics.

Verbes courants exprimant un état:

• eelings: hate, like, love, preer, want.

• thoughts: believe, eel, know, think, understand.

• possession: belong, have, own.

• senses: eel, hear, see, smell, sound, taste.

• appearance: appear, look (like), seem.

Quelques verbes expriment à la ois une action et un état:

Rosie is having a great time at university. (have = dynamic meaning)

Brian has a beautiul house. (have = stative meaning)

Part 2: Formes exprimant le utur: (be) going to et présent continu

On peut utiliser (be) going to pour exprimer des intentions dans le utur. On

a pris une décision au sujet d’un événement situé dans le utur et l’on parlede cette décision.

Í!

Í!


I’m (am) I’m not (am Am I going to Yes, I am. No, I’m going to not) going to work? not. work. work.

You/We/ You/We/ Are you/we/they Yes, you/we/ No, you/ They’re (are) They’re not going to work? they are. we/theygoing to (are not) going aren’t. work. to work.

He/She/It’s He/She/It isn’t Is he/she/it going Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/ (is) going to (is not) going to work? it is. it isn’t.work. to work.

X



3

Talk about thearrangement.

Talk aboutthe decision.Decide what to do. Do it.

The past Now The uture

One o these days I ’m going to get ft. He’s going to tell me all about his

holidays.

On peut employer le présent continu pour parler d’événements situés dansle utur. On a pris des dispositions pour un événement situé dans le utur etl’on en parle.

Decide what to do. Arrange it. Do it.

The past Now The uture

Are you doing anything on Thursday? We’re meeting the President thisaternoon at 2.00 p.m.

For present continuous verb orms see page 32.

Unit 8 Permission et obligation (présent et passé). Conseil

Part 1: can/could pour la permission; have to / had to pour l’obligation

On peut utiliser can/could pour parler de permission. could est la orme aupassé de can.

When I was ourteen I could stay out as long as I wanted. Swiss womencouldn’t vote in elections until 1971.

On emploie have to / had to pour exprimer la nécessité ou l’obligation. had

to est la orme au passé de have to.I had to wear a uniorm at school. In the 1960s you didn’t have to wear ahelmet on a motorbike.

Part 2: must et should pour le conseil

Y Y

Y Y Y


I/You/He, etc . I/You/He, etc . Could I/you/he, Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/ could work. couldn’t (could etc . work? etc . could. he, etc .

not) work. couldn’t.


I/You/He, etc . I/You/He, etc . Did I/you/he, Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/ had to work. didn’t have to etc . have to etc . did. he, etc .

work. work? didn’t.

Permission: can/could; can’t/couldn’t Obligation: have to / had to; had to / didn’t have to

Permis Non permis Nécessaire Nonnécessaire

Present You can do it. You can’t do it. You have to You don’t

do it. have to doit.

Past You could do it. You couldn’t do it. You had to You didn’t do it. have to do

it.


I/You/He, etc . I/You/He, etc. Must I/you/he, etc . Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/ must work. mustn’t (must work? etc . must. he, etc .

not) work. mustn’t.

I/You/He, etc . I/You/He, etc . Should I/you/he, Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/ should work. shouldn’t etc . work? etc . should. he, etc .

(should not) shouldn’t.work.



4

On peut employer must et should pour donner un conseil. must est plus ortque should .

You must lose weight (ou tu vas/vous allez mourir)! You should lose weight (car tu te sentiras/vous vous sentirez mieux).

Unit 9 for et since. Présent perect simple et continuor et since

or + ‘une mesure de temps’ et since + ‘un moment dans le temps’ sont deuxmanières d’exprimer la même chose.

On utilise or quand on situe la durée du temps: or a ew days / or three years / or ages.

On utilise since pour situer le début de l’action dans le temps: since Monday / since I let school / since 1997 .

Présent perect simple et continu


On utilise en général le présent perect continu pour décrire la durée d’uneaction continue ou répétée à partir d’un moment dans le passé et qui dureencore au moment où l’on parle.

We’ve been studying Greek or ten years.

She’s been going to the same hairdresser since the 1990s.

Verbes d’état On n’emploie pas le présent perect continu avec les

verbes d’état. On utilise la orme simple.She’s known Tom since they were at school. ( NOT She’s been knowing …)

They ’ve had the same computer since 2003. ( NOT They’ve been having …)

See the list o common verbs with stative meanings on page 3.

NOTE: On peut aussi utiliser la orme simple pour indiquer des situationsinvariables,‘immuables’.

Comparer: I ’ve been living here since the summer. I ’ve lived here all my lie.


I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Have I/you/we/ Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/ They’ve (have) haven’t (have they worked? they have. we/theyworked. not) worked. haven’t.

He/She/It’s He/She/It hasn’t Has he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/ (has) worked. (has not) worked? it has. it hasn’t.

worked.

Í!


I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Have I/you/we/ Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/ They’ve (have) haven’t (have they worked? they have. we/theybeen working. not) been haven’t.

working.He/She/It’s He/She/It hasn’t Has he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/ (has) been (has not) been been working? it has. it hasn’t.working. working.



5

Unit 10 will (utur). Expressions du utur. used to

Part 1: will (utur). Expressions du utur

will est un modal. On peut utiliser will pour parler du utur quand il n’y apas de plan, d’intention ou d’arrangement pris au moment où l’on parle.

Comparer: What are you doing / going to do this weekend? (= je pense quevous avez des plans, des intentions ou pris des dispositions.)

What will you do this weekend? (= je ne pense pas que vous le sachiez.)

Expressions du utur

Quand on exprime le utur, on emploie une orme du utur dans la

proposition principale mais on emploie un temps présent dans lessubordonnées après when, i, as soon as, beore, ater, etc. Deuxconstructions de phrases sont possibles.

OR

Part 2: used to

On peut utiliser used to + inniti pour parler d’habitudes dans le passé(actions répétées dans le passé) ou bien d’états dans le passé. Il décrit deschoses qui étaient vraies dans le passé, mais qui ne le sont probablementplus maintenant

I used to go to school by bus.

I didn’t use to enjoy English lessons.

What sort o car did you use to have?

On ne peut utiliser used to + inniti pour parler d’une action uniquesituée dans le passé.

(NOT One weekend we used to go to Paris.)

Unit 11 Relatives restrictives. Unreal conditionals

[conditions]

Part 1: Relatives restrictives

Une subordonnée relative restrictive peut dénir ou identier la choseou la personne introduite dans la proposition principale. Elle se placeimmédiatement après la personne ou la chose qu’elle décrit.

A cheetah is an animal that can run at 100 kilometres an hour . The womanwho does my hair is called Muriel.

Le pronom relati (that, which, who) devient le sujet du verbe dans lasubordonnée relative. On emploie that (ou which) pour les choses et who (ou that ) pour les personnes.


I/You/He, etc . I/You/He, etc . Will I/you/he, etc . Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/ ’ll (will) work. won’t (will not) work? etc. will. he, etc.work. won’t.


I/You/He, etc . I/You/He, etc . Did I/you/he, etc . Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/ used to work. didn’t use to use to work? etc . did. he, etc .

work. didn’t.

Conjonction Subordonnée Proposition principale

When he gets home he’s going to have a bath.

I it rains tomorrow we’ll play at the weekend.

Proposition principale Conjonction Subordonnée

He’s going to have a bath when he gets home.We’ll play at the weekend i it rains tomorrow.

Í!



6

subject verb

People who come from Manchester are called Mancunians.

subject verb

A butcher’s is a shop that sells meat .

Part 2: Unreal conditionals [condition]

On peut utiliser une phrase conditionnelle pour parler d’une situationprésente (ou uture) qui est imaginaire ou peu probable. Ces phrases sontappelées habituellement ‘ unreal conditionals’. Elles ont deux propositions:une proposition subordonnée avec i- et une proposition principale.

Subordonnée en -if

Pour montrer que la situation présente (ou uture) est imaginaire. On utiliseun temps au passé.

*REMARQUE I I/he/she/it were est plus ormel que I I/he/she/it was. Onemploie toujours were dans l’expression invariable I I were you …

Proposition principale

On emploie en général use would + inniti dans la proposition principale.

Unit 12 Past perect [plu-perect]. Le passiPart 1: Past perect [plu-perect]


On utilise le plu-perect quand on parle du passé et que l’on ait réérence

à un passé plus ancien. Le plu-perect montre clairement qu’un événements’est déroulé avant les autres événements passés.

I ’d had breakast when I got to work this morning.

Earlier past Past Now

Part 2: Le passi

Dans les phrases à la orme passive, le complément du verbe acti devient lesujet du verbe passi.

Active Passive

subjet verbe complément sujet verbe

Somebody built the rst Ice Hotel The rst Ice Hotel was built in 0.in 0.

Situation réelle Situation imaginaire

I am not an animal. • I I was/were an animal, …*

I live in an apartment • I I lived in an igloo, …

if -subordonnée Propostion principale

I I had $1million, I’d travel round the world.

I I could live anywhere I’d choose somewhere hot.

I/You/He, etc . I/You/He, etc . Would I/you/he, Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/ ’d (would) wouldn’t etc . work? etc . would. he, etc .

work. (would not) wouldn’t.work.


I/You/He, etc . I/You/He, etc . Had I/you/he, etc . Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/ ’d (had) hadn’t (had worked? etc . had. he, etc .worked. not) worked. hadn’t.

Y Y



On peut utiliser les verbes à la orme passive pour parler d’actions dont iln’est pas important de savoir ( ou l’on ne sait pas) qui les a réalisées

My shoes were designed in Italy. All the urniture is made o ice.


They’re made They aren’t Are they made in Yes, they are. No, theyin China. made in China. China? aren’t.

It was built It wasn’t built Was it built in Yes, it was. No, itin 63. in 63. 63? wasn’t.

pre intermidiate(french)

Documents