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CHOCOLATES

PRERNA MALHOTRA

IVth SemesterM.H.R.O.D.

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INTRODUCTION

Chocolate is a raw or processed food produced from the seed of thetropical Theobroma cacao tree.

Cultivated for at least three millennia in Mexico, Central and South

America, earliest documented use in around 1100 BC.

Chocolate has become one of the most popular food types andflavours in the world.

Chocolate moulded into different shapes have become traditionalon certain occasions or holidays

Chocolate is also used in cold and hot beverages, to producechocolate milk and hot chocolate.

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PROCESS OF CHOCOLATE MAKING

T

he type of chocolate is determined by the various amounts ofcacao butter and chocolate liquor the chocolate contains, as well

the amount of sugar and any other ingredients added to the

mixture.

The composition of the mixture, origin of cacao beans, the

treatment and roasting of beans, and the types and amounts ofadditives used will significantly affect the flavour and the price of

the final chocolate.

Cacao beans

obtained

Fermentatio

n of cacao

beans

Drying RoastingGrinding the

beans

Cocoa butter

+

Chocolate liquor

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TYPES OF CHOCOLATE

Chocolates

White

chocolate

Milk

chocolate

Dark

chocolate

Sweet Semi- sweet Bitter sweet Unsweetened

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TYPES OF CHOCOLATE

White Chocolate:

Chocolate made with cocoa butter, sugar, milk, emulsifier, vanillaand sometimes other flavourings.

No cocoa liquor and therefore has an off-white colour.

By law, white chocolate must contain a minimum 20% cocoa butter,14% milk solids, and a maximum of 55% sugar

Milk Chocolate:

In addition to containing cocoa butter and chocolate liquor, milkchocolate contains either condensed milk (most European varieties)

or dry milk solids. much sweeter than dark chocolate, and have a lighter colour and a

less pronounced chocolate taste

Contains 10-20% cocoa solids ( inc. cocoa and

cocoa butter) and more than 12% milk solids.

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TYPES OF CHOCOLATE

Dark chocolate:

Sweetened chocolate with high content of cocoa solids and no orvery little milk, it may contain max 12% milk solids.

contains chocolate liquor, sugar, cocoa butter, vanilla and lecithin

(an emulsifier) Dark chocolate can of following types:

Sweet dark chocolate: Contains often 35-45% cocoa solids

Semi-sweet chocolate: classic dark baking chocolate. Contains often40-62% cocoa solids

Bittersweet chocolate: usually contains 60% to 85% cocoa solids. If thecontent of cocoa solids is high, the content of sugar is low, giving arich, intense and more or less bitter chocolate flavour.

Unsweetened chocolate: only used for baking. Not suitable for eating.It contains almost 100% cocoa solids, about half of it might be fat(cocoa butter).

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CHOCOLATES OF THE WORLD

Mexico

Origin of chocolate

An important staple for Mexican people which bring millions ofdollars to the country every year.

For Mexican people, hot chocolate is considered as the national drinkwhich almost everyone in the country drinks every day.

Spain

The first man who brought chocolate to Spain and The New Worldwas Hernn Corts Pizarro in early 16th century.

The Spaniards originally kept the discovery of the cocoa tree as asecret from the rest of Europe for almost a century.

Hot chocolate become a fashionable drink enjoyed by the rich inSpain.

There are many Spanish chocolate manufacturers which producemany types of chocolate products such as Chocolates Valor, Chocovic

, etc.

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England

The use of cocoa and chocolate became widely recognized in England

around 1657 and numerous chocolate manufacturers were

established.

However, the price of chocolate at that time was very expensive as itwas especially reserved for the rich, and at that time the English

chocolate market were still monopolized by Spanish chocolate

manufacturers.

High demand, especially in special events and festivals of the year

such as New Year Festival, Valentines Day, Christmas etc. There are many famous chocolate manufacturers such as Cadbury

Schweppes, Divine Chocolate, Green & Blacks, Hotel Chocolate, J. S.

Fry & Sons, Ltd., Traidcraft, etc.

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United states of America

Beginning in 1765, during the American Revolutionary War, the firstchocolate factory was established in America and rapidly followed bymany others.

During World War II, the U.S. government produced Military Chocolate

for two purposes, firstly as a morale boost for of the Allied ArmedForces, and as a pocket-sized emergency ration.

Todays top chocolate brands belong to USA like: Hersheys, M & Ms, 3musketeers, Snickers, Mars, etc.

France

At the beginning, chocolate was greeted with suspicion and skepticismin France, and it was always referred to as a barbarous product andnoxious drug.

Today, some hi-grade chocolate products which are sold around theworld are produced by French chocolate manufacturers such asValrhona, Chocolat Bonnat, Jean-Paul Hevin, La Maison du Chocolat,Michel Cluizel, Chocolat Poulain and much more.

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Switzerland

Swiss chocolate was first produced in 1819 by Franois-Louis Cailler who set

up the oldest and biggest brand called Nestle.

Suchard and Lindt have still maintained their popularity among their loyal

customers. Swiss chocolate is internationally recognized for its excellent quality with high

contents of superb cocoa butter and high standards of manufacturing.

Belgium

Became very popular in 18th century

a confectionary called Praline, a chocolate mouthful with a variety of

flavoured fillings was first created by a local called Jean Neuhaus

Nowadays, Belgium produces around 172,000 tons of chocolate per year and

has more than 2,000 chocolate shops throughout the country

Superb quality of ingredients and an attachment to the Old World and its

manufacturing techniques make Belgian chocolate unique as it is made by

hand in small shops using original equipment.

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BENEFITS OF DARK CHOCOLATES

It stimulates endorphin production, which gives a feeling of

pleasure

It contains serotonin, which acts as an anti-depressant

It contains theobromine, caffeine and other substances which are

stimulants

Dark Chocolates contain flavonoids, which act as antioxidants.

Flavonoids also help relax blood pressure through the production of

nitric oxide, and balance certain hormones in the body.

Heart Health Benefits of Dark Chocolate:

Lower Blood Pressure: Studies have shown that consuming a small bar

of dark chocolate everyday can reduce blood pressure in individuals

with high blood pressure.

Lower Cholesterol: Dark chocolate has also been shown to reduce LDL

cholesterol (the bad cholesterol) by up to 10 percent.

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APPLICATIONS OF CHOCOLATE

Chocolate as a Culinary Ingredient: Chocolate isnt just used in

confectionary, drinks and sweet spreads, but also used in making

other dishes.

Chocolate at Celebrations: Chocolate is widely used at celebrations,

such as weddings as an attractive, edible sculpture. It can also be

used in a chocolate fountain

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APPLICATIONS OF CHOCOLATE

Cocoa as a Currency: Cocoa beans were used as a monetary unit in

Central America, used to pay taxes to the Aztecs in 1000AD

Chocolate as a Remedy: In 18th Century England, a chocolaty drinkwas used to prevent and cure stomach aches. In Central America it

was used to build up resistance and fight fatigue

Chocolate as a cosmetic: A natural face pack full of antioxidants

and to aid skin complexion. Chocolate massages are also gaining

popularity.

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MOTIVATION FROM CHOCOLATE

Nothing worth having is ever easy: the difficult process of

chocolate making proves so.

Persistence is a key to success: Milton Hershey failed in his first two

candy making ventures. If he quit then, wed never have had a

Hershey Bar or a Hersheys Kiss!!

Have a passion: Forrest Mars wanted to build an empirehe waspassionate about selling his products all over the world. The

number one selling chocolate bar worldwide today? The Mars Bar.

Passion keeps us engaged and passion fuels all great

accomplishments.

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MOTIVATION FROM CHOCOLATE

Stop eating and start tasting: we go through life eating and

not tasting. Were in such a hurry to get to the next stepthe

next big deal, the end of the day and doing that, we miss allthe nuance, all the rich detail of the current moment

Have fun!

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