Cascante Caballero Walter

Bachelor’s Degree in International

Hospitality and Tourism Management

The Political Factors influencing Tourism Kenya

Literature review Relationship between Tourism and politics What is the role of the government in Tourism Evaluating policies and decision making by Governments Political instability

Methodology Data Analysis and type of Data used to the findings

Findings and Analysis Kenya Overview Politics, Government and tourism in Kenya in the last 10 years of the 21st

century Evaluating Policies and decision making in two periods (2002-

2007) and (2008-20012) To evaluate how influential political instability is on the tourism

industry in Kenya. Conclusion

Contents

Introduction

Aim To evaluate, the political factors influencing tourism

especially in Kenya, in the first decade of the 21st century.

Objectives To understand the relationship between tourism and

politics. To examine the position of the government in the

tourism sector in Kenya. To analyze the tourism policy-making To evaluate how political instability influences tourism in

Kenya

Relationship between Tourism and politics

• The relationship between politics and tourism are higlight in nowadays by the economics importance in developing countries.

• The tourism industry is widespread in majorities of productive sectors

• the political system, directly or indirectly influences tourism, through policies established by governments in order to develop the country.

• The highest purpose of tourism policy is to integrate the economic, political, cultural, and intellectual and economics benefits of tourism cohesively with people, destinations and countries.

• Then it is palpable that politics and tourism share a wide range of factors such as social, economic, political and cultural, in a country.

• Governments are involved in tourism because this sector generates important benefits and help to boost the economies of countries.

• The government are involve directly and indirectly in the tourism industry.

What is the role of the government in Tourism?

• Tourism policies are established by governments in three levels such as, central governments, autonomous and the municipally government

• The five roles of government such as “coordination, planning, legislation and regulation, entrepreneurship, and stimulation” are vital for the success of the tourism.

• Policy making typically involves a pattern of action over time and involving many decisions

• The policy-process is important to consider within a political system That it is operating in political environment

Evaluating policies and decision - making by Governments

Policy making is a political activity that is embedded within the economic and social characteristics of society. It reflect society’s values, ideologies, distributionof power, institutions and decision-making

• The policies adopted by governments will determine the area and sector of the impact. It could be economic, social or environmental.

• Political system as any persistent pattern of human relationships that involves, to a significant extent, power, rule or authority.

• Political violence can to be presented in different forms such as wars, coups, strikes, riots and terrorism

Political instability

• Political instability has been presented by different types of governments in any country.

• Although the duration of political violence may be short lived, the long term implications for tourism can last for many years affecting the confidence not only of the tourists, but also of the potential investors in tourism.

It refers to a situation in which conditions and mechanism of governance and rule are challenged as to their political legitimacy by elements operating from outside the normal operations of the political system.

• Politic violence can have an affect both directly and indirectly on other economic sectors and on employment.

• Political instability is one of the elements that destroys tourism in any country.

MethodologyData Analysis

Qualitative Method - This method analyses and focuses on the content of the collection of primary and secondary data.- It makes a descriptive research of the current documents and more relevant issues.-This analysis is concerned with the explanation of status of some events at a particular time or its development over a period of time. - The researcher used the data triangulation method, in order to check on the trustworthiness and fullness of the qualitative data. This model was made possible by consulting a variety of sources of data relating to the same event.

Secondary Data The type of secondary data sources are multiples such as books, professionals journals, magazines articles, online data sources, websites, governments, semi-governmental organizations, catalogues and information on internet.

Methodology

Primary DataThe primary data method to collect information used by the researcher is based on interview, it could be formals and structured or informal and unstructured conversation.

Politics, Government and tourism in Kenya in the first decade of 21st century • Tourism was viewed by government of Kenya as a capitalist device. Similarly,

the opinion has one’ of the interviewees, who states that in Kenya the tourism was viewed by the government as an important contributor in the economy.

• Tourism is viewed by Kenyan government as a political bridge between nations, this helps to improve relations, made agreements between countries (2001 to 2005, the second agreement called East African Community (EAC) was signed)

• the Plan launched by the government of Kenya in 2003, called “Economic Recovery Strategy for Wealth and Employment Creation (2003-2007)”, where tourism was seen as a productive sector by the government. It was due its high economic multiplier effect in others sectors such as transport, entertainment, agriculture, trade and industry

• the government of Kenya plays an important role in tourism through the ministry of tourism, which promotes this sector.

FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS

Evaluating policies and decision making

Tourism policy in Kenya 2002-2007

Evaluating policies and decision making

Tourism policy in Kenya 2008-2012

• In December, 2007, Kenya experiment a period of instability as a consequence of the dissatisfaction with result of the elections.

• Political instability and political violence in Kenya, impacts in tourism provoking a negatives effects on the local economy and on employment.

• The security and safety of tourists is a priority responsibility of the government. Security is a key consideration while selecting a holiday or travel destination. The Government of Kenya is thus committed to ensuring the security and safety of all visitors, citizens and residents.

TO EVALUATE HOW THE INFLUENTIAL OF THE POLITICAL INSTABILITY IS ON THE TOURISM INDUSTRY IN KENYA.

CONCLUSION• 2002 -2007, it was a period characterized by an economic recovery.• 2008 -2012, It was focuses in economic aspects, social, environment, wildlife,

security and political factors.• The role of the government was integrated different organization, ministries and

local communities in order to develop appropriate policies for tourism sector. • Kenyan Government combines its resources such as human, financial and

physics. All of these in order to formulate policies to satisfy demands, that it consider more important to improve the tourism sector.

• It is evident the implication of government within tourism, who use this sector as a medium to reduce the poverty, create new jobs, improve quality of live of the people and the economy of Kenya

• there is a big political influence in tourism in Kenya, because all political environments affect the tourism directly or indirectly. It on base on the decisions made affect positive or negative the tourism, but is clear that the governments are who identify the necessities of the sector In order to improve, it is necessary the coordination a correct planning to execute a accurate policy in order to solve the weakness of this sector

Thanks