presentation of an essay inventing tomorrow’s university who is to take the lead?
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Magna Charta Observatory 20th anniversary University of Bologna September 19th 2008. Presentation of an essay Inventing tomorrow’s university Who is to take the lead?. Jón Torfi Jónasson Professor of Education University of Iceland [email protected] http://www.hi.is/~jtj/. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Presentation of an essay
Inventing tomorrow’s universityWho is to take the lead?
Jón Torfi JónassonProfessor of EducationUniversity of Iceland
[email protected] http://www.hi.is/~jtj/
Magna Charta Observatory20th anniversary
University of Bologna September 19th 2008
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The presentation: overview
Preamble
Introduction: the stageThe idea of a universityThe stakeholdersThe future
A challenge
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Preamble
The background
The audience, the readers for whom the text is written
A challenge to take positive action
The information society
So what?
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Setting the stage
The importance of universities The self-image of universities
The growth of universities
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The growth of the world tertiary student population relative to total population in the 20th century: number of
students per million inhabitants
02.000
4.000
6.0008.000
10.00012.00014.000
16.00018.00020.000
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The predicted growth of the world tertiary student population relative to total population: number of students
per million inhabitants
0
20.000
40.000
60.000
80.000
100.000
120.000
140.000
160.000
180.000
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Higher education: enrolment in the US 1900-2004
Growth rates in US higher education 1900-2004. Actual growth compared to the 1900-1939 exponential and logistic predictions
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
Females corrected for cohort 1940-1970
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Higher education: enrolment in the US 1900-2004
Growth rates in US higher education 1900-2004. Actual growth compared to the 1900-1939 exponential and logistic predictions
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
Females corrected for cohort1900-1939USA 1900-1939 Femalesexponential predictionUSA 1900-1939 Females. S-logistic Limit 700
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Higher education: enrolment in the US 1900-2004
Growth rates in US higher education 1900-2004. Actual growth compared to the 1900-1939 exponential and logistic predictions
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
Females corrected for cohort1900-1939USA 1900-1939 Femalesexponential predictionUSA 1900-1939 Females. S-logistic Limit 700Females corrected for cohort 1940-1970
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Higher education: enrolment in the US 1900-2004
Growth rates in US higher education 1900-2004. Actual growth compared to the 1900-1939 exponential and logistic predictions
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
Females corrected for cohort1900-1939USA 1900-1939 Femalesexponential predictionUSA 1900-1939 Females. S-logistic Limit 700Females corrected for cohort 1940-1970Females corrected for cohort1971-2004
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Higher education: enrolment in Japan 1900-2004
Growth rates in Japanese higher education 1900-2004. Actual growth compared to the 1900-1939 exponential and logistic predictions
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
Males and females correctedfor cohort 1940-1970
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Higher education: enrolment in Japan 1900-2004
Growth rates in Japanese higher education 1900-2004. Actual growth compared to the 1900-1939 exponential and logistic predictions
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
Males and females correctedfor cohort 1900-1939Japan 1900-1939 Males andfemales exponential predictionJapan 1900-1939 Males andfemales. S-logistic Limit 700
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Higher education: enrolment in Japan 1900-2004
Growth rates in Japanese higher education 1900-2004. Actual growth compared to the 1900-1939 exponential and logistic predictions
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
Males and females correctedfor cohort 1900-1939Japan 1900-1939 Males andfemales exponential predictionJapan 1900-1939 Males andfemales. S-logistic Limit 700Males and females correctedfor cohort 1940-1970
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Higher education: enrolment in Japan 1900-2004
Growth rates in Japanese higher education 1900-2004. Actual growth compared to the 1900-1939 exponential and logistic predictions
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
Males and females correctedfor cohort 1900-1939Japan 1900-1939 Males andfemales exponential predictionJapan 1900-1939 Males andfemales. S-logistic Limit 700Males and females correctedfor cohort 1940-1970Males and females correctedfor cohort 1971-2004
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The predicted growth of the world tertiary student population relative to total population: number of students
per million inhabitants
0
20.000
40.000
60.000
80.000
100.000
120.000
140.000
160.000
180.000
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Setting the stage
The importance of universities The self-image of universitiesThe growth of universities
The moulding forces (must be understood)The students, governments, the (global) market, the institutions
The issues (must also be appreciated)Finances, governance, differentiation, teaching – research, how professional education is conducted, egalitarian role, …
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The idea
The development of the university from the middle ages extending into the 21st century
The development of the idea of serviceto truth, knowledge, scienceto society
The operational ideacommunity of scholarsthe combination of research and teachingcommunity of teachers and students
creating a dynamic environment
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Are there invariants?
With reference to its mission? Well, but perhaps not, …
With reference to its function? Yes, professional education, …
With reference to its operation?Yes, communities of practice, …
The principles of the Magna Charta in this contextAutonomy, teaching and research, academic freedom, humanistic tradition
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The stakeholders and the university
Whom does the university serve?Whom should the university serve?
A long-term or a short-term perspective
LT Serves society, global, national, localST Different stakeholders,
a variety of interests within society perhaps a number of conflicts of interests
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The stakeholders and the university: The short-term perspective
Stakeholders such as
The studentsKnowledge, science, truth Democracy, open society, egalitarian societyThe national economy, the new economyThe local economy, the local societyIndustryThe professionsThe labour unionsThe institutions of higher education
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The stakeholders and the university: The short-term perspective – potential conflicts
A multitude of potential conflicts of interests between a variety of actors
Governments may wantMore knowledge, science, truth, but …Democracy, open, egalitarian society, but …A strong economy, but …Strong local economies and communities, but …
Science may want more money, more independence, butmust respect the immediate interests of those who paymust understand that science is not applied, used
by some magic process
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The future
Growth in numbers, already alluded to
Scenarios
The probable, possible or preferable
The CHEPS scenariosCentralia, Octavia, Vitis Vinifera
Who decides, which type of scenario transpires?
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The future, the preferable
Service to truth, knowledge and sciencesociety, in many diverse ways
Retain or gainstatus, respect, financial strength, a dynamic operation
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The challenge, for the future
Taking note of the strong forces operating on the university
and ensure that they do not abdicate control tothe market, the financial inducementsthe metrics industrythe notion of excellencethe dynamics within the HE sector, academic drift (of many sorts), …
Consider the students and the reality of credentialism
The importance of self-confidence:Strategy characterised by independence rather than conformity
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The challenge: who is to take the leaad?
The answer is perhaps quite simple, it is the universities themselves, they have a unique position within their societies,
they have the competence, perspective, respect and distance, and thesense of purpose to do this
And perhaps it is most sensible that each and every institution adopts to a fair extent its own agenda, based on a clear understanding of the societal dynamics that control the development of society.
But to the extent the university remains one of the most powerful tools for change within society, its overall controlling framework will probably, and rightly, remain in the hands of the political powers.
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
The challenge, to the universities
A major problem?!The future strength of the university: it will be strongRemember who are there
Therefore it should retain its self-confidence and substantive judgement in order to nurture its resolve to execute its critical functions for an open, egalitarian and a dynamic global society,
by cultivating knowledge, truth and critical discourse adopting a critical attitude and humility towards its own discourse ensuring a combination of liberal and specialised education
and by securing the operational structure which fosters collegiality and the spirit of dynamic communities of practice.
22/04/2023 Jón Torfi Jónasson - Magna Charta Observatory - Bologna 2008
Thank you
Inventing tomorrow’s universityWho is to take the lead?
Jón Torfi JónassonProfessor of Education
University of [email protected] http://www.hi.is/~jtj/
Magna Charta Observatory20th anniversary
University of Bologna September 19th 2008
The universities themselves?!They can and they should.