presentation of community field work for ... of community field work for parasitesparasites and...

34
Presentation of Community Field Work for Parasites and Vector Survey Parasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol University

Upload: dohuong

Post on 08-Mar-2018

217 views

Category:

Documents


4 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

Presentation of Community Field Work for 

Parasites and Vector SurveyParasites and Vector Surveyin

Kanchanaburi Province

Group 2 , DTM & H (2012)Faculty of Tropical MedicineFaculty of Tropical Medicine

Mahidol University

Page 2: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

G  Group 2

∗ Leader ‐ Assoc. Prof. Wichit Rojekittikhun‐ Assoc. Prof. Narumon Komalamisra

∗ Instructors  ‐ Dr. Poom Adisakwattana‐ Dr. Aongart Mahittikorng‐ Dr. Borimas Hanbookunupakarn

∗ Students  ‐Mr. Kirakorn K. (M.Sc. Student)

Page 3: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

DTM & H Students

Dr. Nobuchika H. Dr. Giulia Aroasio Dr. Yoshiaki Y.Dr. Khaing Zaw Latt

Dr. Ho Thi Hoai Thu Dr. Eliane R. ZeukengDr. Kanaka Sakamoto  Dr. Thinzar Linn

Page 4: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

∗ To gain more knowledge and have experiences how to plan and work in the communityto plan and work in the community

∗ To get information about the situations of parasitic infection including medical vectors distributed in infection including medical vectors distributed in that areaT  h     h     k        hi h  ill b  ∗ To have a chance to work as a team which will be benefits for future work

Page 5: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

St l E i tiStool Examination

∗ Sample  ‐ 50  samples

∗ Method  ‐ (1) Kato‐Katz Thick Smear Method(2) Simple smear with Normal saline

solution and Iodine solution 

Page 6: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

FINDINGSFINDINGS

∗ 19 stool samples  ere positi e for proto oan ∗ 19 stool samples were positive for protozoan and/or helminthic infection   ( 38% )

∗ Helminthic infection – 10 samples∗ Protozoan infection – 13 samples

Page 7: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

H l i thi  i f tiHelminthic infection

∗ 3 samples of Mixed infection3 p‐ 1 of Ascaris, Hookworm and Trichuris infection‐ 1 of Hookworm (eggs and Rhabditiform larva)( gg )and Trichuris infection‐ 1 of Hookworm and Opistorchis/MIF  infectiono oo o Op o / o

∗ 2 samples of only Ascaris infection∗ 3 samples of only Hookworm infection (1 sample ∗ 3 samples of only Hookworm infection (1 sample with Rhabditiform larva)

l f l i h i i f i∗ 2 samples of only Trichuris infection

Page 8: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

P t  I f tiProtozoan Infection

∗ 4 samples for Blastocystis hominis cysts

∗ 3 samples for Giardia lamblia cysts

∗ 5 samples for  Entamoeba coli cysts

∗ 2 samples for Chilomastix mesnili cysts 

Page 9: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

Ascaris lambricoides egg Hookworm spp. egg Blastocystis hominis 

Entamoeba coli cyst Opistorchis spp. egg Giardia lamblia cyst

Page 10: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

K t K t  C l l tiKato‐Katz Calculation

∗ No. of eggs per gram (NEPG)  =  1000X/YX =  No. of eggs per thick smeargg pY =  Weight of fecal sample used in mg

∗ No. of eggs per day (NEPD)  = NEPG x Total Wt. of feces in 24 hours

∗ No. of female worms (NOFM)  =  NEPD/ No. of eggs per female per day

∗ Total worm load (according to their sex ratio)

Page 11: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

Sample Parasite NEPG NEPD NOFM Total No. Comment

6 Ascaris 37 2 590 1 2 Light infection6 Ascaris 37 2,590 1 2 Light infection

8  Trichuris 185 12,950 Light infection

Hookworm 111 7,770 1 2 Light infection

9 Ascaris 666 46,620 1 2 Light infection

11 Trichuris 629 44,030 Light infection

17 Ascaris 27,343 1,914,010 8 16 Mod; infection

Trichuris 777 54,390 Light infection

Hookworm 185 12,950 1 2 Light infection, g

18 Hookworm 185 12,950 1 2 Light infection

23 Trichuris 37 2 590 Light infection23 Trichuris 37 2,590 Light infection

29 Hookworm 37 2,590 1 2 Light infection

38 Hookworm 333 23,310 1 2 Light infection

40 Hookworm 185 12,950 1 2 Light infection

Page 12: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

RESULTSRESULTSProtozoan  Infection

∗ 3 samples for Giardia lamblia cysts  (Pathogenic)

∗ Other protozoal infection may be commensalOther protozoal infection may be commensal

Page 13: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

SUGGESTIONSUGGESTION

∗ Community treatment for soil‐transmitted parasitic infection yearly or 6‐monthly

∗ Promotion of Hygiene in the community∗ Availability of soap in school latrines although school children gained knowledge about hand washing

Page 14: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

M l i l P it  SMalarial Parasite Survey

∗ Brief history taking∗ Physical ExaminationPhysical Examination∗ Blood film preparation∗ TreatmentTreatment

Page 15: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

Bl d Fil  E i tiBlood Film Examination

∗ 7 cases were positive on Thick film examination∗ Diagnosed as Plasmodium vivax infection in 5 g 5samples in Thin film examination

∗ Not diagnosed – 2 samples∗ Not diagnosed  2 samples

Page 16: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

Cli i l R l tiClinical Relation

O t  f            hild  (t t l    hild / ∗ Out of 7 cases, 3 cases are children (total 13 children/ 25 patients)Th i   hi f  l i t    j t h d h  b t  f b il  ∗ Their chief complaints are just headache but afebrile and no abnormalities in physical examination  ld  hild  l i t  f  bd i l  i  b t   ∗ 12 year‐old child complaint of abdominal pain but no 

abnormality in P.E    d 6  th  ld  hild  l i t  f  bd i l ∗ 3 year and 6 month old child complaint of abdominal 

discomfort and passing worms with perianal itchiness∗   l   f  k  hi t  ( i l  l )∗ 2 samples of unknown history (special samples)

Page 17: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

SUGGESTIONSUGGESTION

∗ Increased awareness of malaria∗ Treatment of blood film ∗ Treatment of blood film positive patientsS ill   f  l i  ∗ Surveillance of malaria infection in the community

Page 18: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

Ad lt M it  SAdult Mosquitoes Survey

∗ Place   ‐ Bong Ti village, Kanchanaburi province∗ Date    ‐ 21st June  2012∗ Date     21 June, 2012∗ BG trap  day time  ‐ 08:00  to  18:00

i h   i   8       8∗ night time ‐ 18:00  to  08:00∗ CDC  Light Trap      ‐ 18:00  to  08:00

Page 19: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

FINDINGSFINDINGS

∗ BG day time trap  ‐ No mosquitoes trapped

Page 20: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

∗ BG night time trap ‐ 6 mosquitoes  & mothfly

‐ 2 female Aedes spp.‐ 2 female Culex spp.‐ 2 male Culex spp.pp

Page 21: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

∗ CDC Light trap    ‐ 4 mosquitoes and 1 sandfly

‐ 1 male Aedes spp.‐ 2 female Culex spp.‐ 1 female Anopheles spp.p pp

Sand fly

Page 22: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

SUGGESTIONSUGGESTION

∗ Mosquitoes in this area probably have more night biting habitg

∗ Mosquitoes prefer real human skin (we got bitten at q p ( gday time!!!)

Page 23: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

A d   L  SAedes spp.  Larva Survey

∗ No. of Household            ‐ 5∗ No  of Positive houses    5∗ No. of Positive houses   ‐ 5∗ House Index                      ‐ 100%

Page 24: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

A d   L  SAedes spp.  Larva Survey

∗ No. of surveyed containers   ‐ 84∗ No  of positive containers     ‐ 32∗ No. of positive containers      32∗ Container  Index                       ‐ 38.05%

∗ Breteau Index   = 640(32 +ve containers/ 5 houses  x 100)(32 +ve containers/ 5 houses  x 100)

Page 25: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

Containers in order of positive pfindings

∗ Tyre∗ Ant guardg∗ Bowl/Bucket∗ Other natural sources∗ Animal  fed water∗ Plant & Dish∗ Discarded containers∗ VaseVase∗ Water‐storage containers∗ Bathroom waterBathroom water∗ Drinking water

Page 26: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

FINDINGSFINDINGS

∗ Aedes spp. Larva and Pupae are found in every householdevery household

∗ Abate sand is used only in Health worker’s house but larva and pupae are present in house but larva and pupae are present in containers without abate use; e.g. bathroom, animal fed water animal fed water 

Page 27: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

SUGGESTIONSUGGESTION

∗ Availability and Usage of abate sand in every householdshouseholds

∗ Application of other intervention according to impact of Dengue infection in this community (like impact of Dengue infection in this community (like Thermal fogging)C i   i i i  i   i     f ∗ Community participation in preventive measures of DHF and vector control

Page 28: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

E t it  SEctoparasite Survey

Page 29: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

DISCUSSIONDISCUSSION

In relation with stool examinationIn relation with stool examinationNo clinical correlation with the stool samplesOrganization of the rules in the groupOrganization of the rules in the groupWrong timing for preparation of the slides and the 

examination (some KK had to be repeated twice, some SS dried examination (some KK had to be repeated twice, some SS dried during the waiting time!!)hard stool‐loose stool problem of quantitative examinationp qrecord of the resultsmany samples; each sample took a long time to be examined y p ; p g

by unexperts !!

Page 30: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

DISCUSSION (C t’d)DISCUSSION (Cont’d)

In relation with blood film examination,Duty allocation among the group in a simple location with g glimited resources (few drugs, no prepared pt file, no place for visit the pt with privacy, unknown number of patients, unknown f l f iliti )referral facilities)Technical slides smear!U k     lid  f   h      l b l d!Unknown new slides from other group not labeled!We didn’t count the parasitaemia in the positive thin slides

Page 31: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

DISCUSSION (C t’d)DISCUSSION (Cont’d)

l i i hIn relation with vector surveyLittle practice of the population to larva control ( )(they knew about the techniques)Difficult to trap mosquitoes (“0” during the day), but we got bitt ! bitten! Is the trap really attracting all the mosquito types?N   d   d  No rodent trapped. Do they like meatball? h h d l f hWhat is the good place for the trap?

Page 32: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

DISCUSSION (Cont’d)( )

1 Impro ed o r skill on microscopic diagnosis of 1. Improved our skill on microscopic diagnosis of parasites

2 Good interaction among the group members  even 2. Good interaction among the group members, even in unexpected situations

3. Improved problem‐solving ability3 p p g y4. Contact with real life problems in the rural area 

(poverty, infrastructure, diseases…)5. Worked in an enjoyable environment6. Good non‐academic extra‐activities7. Working + Fun= learning more!

Page 33: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &

SUGGESTIONSUGGESTION

• Practical study of the breeding place for Anopheles spp  Larva can help us in our future field‐workspp. Larva can help us in our future field work

Q i k  i i     h  l l h l h f ili  ( h   h  • Quick visit to the local health facility (other than malaria clinic) to understand possibility of referral f     i i  ( li i l   l b)  after our examinations (clinical + lab). 

Page 34: Presentation of Community Field Work for ... of Community Field Work for ParasitesParasites and Vector Survey in Kanchanaburi Province Group 2 , DTM & H (2012) Faculty of ... DTM &