presented by ambassador hazairin pohan ministry of foreign affairs of the republic of indonesia 1
TRANSCRIPT
Presented by Ambassador Hazairin PohanMinistry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia
1
Myanmar
Thailand
Cambodia
Malaysia
Singapore
Indonesia
Brunei Darussalam
Philippines
Viet Nam
Lao PDR
2
Covers an area of 4.46 million square kilometers(3% of the Earth’s total land area)
A population of approximately 591 million people (8.8% of the world population)
Third largest economy after Japan and China
Combined nominal GDP of more than US$ 2 trillion and is estimated to exceed US$ 3 trillion by 2016
ASEAN Archipelagic Sea-lane contributes to 45% of the world sea trade
Proved its stability during the 2008 crisis and is currently showing its resilience amidst the global crisis
3
1967 Bangkok Declaration
1976 Bali Concord I
2003 Bali Concord II = ASEAN Community
2011 ASEAN Community
in a Global Community of Nations
(Bali Concord III)
4
In 1976, Bali witnessed the birth of the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC), also
known as Bali Concord I, where member countries agreed that among ASEAN nations,
each will not use force but will seek peaceful solutions in resolving conflicts.
To date, there are 29 (countries) High Contracting Parties, guided by the following
fundamental principles:
Mutual respect for the independence, sovereignty, equality, territorial integrity, and
national identity of all nations;
The right of every State to lead its national existence free from external interference,
subversion, or coercion;
Non-interference in the internal affairs of one another;
Settlement of differences or disputes by peaceful manner;
Renunciation of the threat or use of force; and
Effective cooperation among themselves.
5
The Bali Concord II, which was endorsed at the Ninth ASEAN Summit in
October 2003, is a historic step toward regional integration.
The Bali Concord II consists of three pillars, namely an ASEAN Security
Community (ASC), an ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) and an
ASEAN Socio-cultural Community (ASCC) among ASEAN member
countries.
6
Promote Economic Integration:
ie. enhance ASEAN’s effective participation in regional and global economic initiatives impacting on the region.
Promote Economic Stability:
ie. strengthen macroeconomic coordination and promoting financial cooperation at the regional and global level.
Promote Economic Development:
ie. strengthen cooperation with relevant international organizations in promoting higher level of economic dynamism, sustained prosperity, and inclusive growth
7
Signed by 10 Heads of State/Government of ASEAN at the 13th
ASEAN Summit in Singapore (20 November 2007)
Entry into force on 15 December 2008 after all ASEAN Member
States ratified the Charter
13 Chapters and 55 Articles
Legal Personality of ASEAN
ASEAN a Rules Based and People Oriented Organization
8
POLITICAL SECURITY
SOCIAL CULTURE
ECONOMY
ASEAN Political Security Community ASEAN Political Security Community (APSC)(APSC)“Enhancing peace, stability, democracy and prosperity in the
region through comprehensive political and security cooperation”
ASEAN ASEAN Economic Economic
Community Community (AEC)(AEC)
“Enhancing competitive-ness for economic growth and development through closer economic integration”
ASEAN Socio-ASEAN Socio-Cultural Cultural
Community Community (ASCC)(ASCC)
“Nurturing human, cultural and natural resources for sustained development in a harmonious and people-centered ASEAN”.
INTERRELATION OF THE THREE PILLARSINTERRELATION OF THE THREE PILLARSTO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF ASEAN COMMUNITYTO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF ASEAN COMMUNITY
9
Regional Architecture is a fluid concept without a formal destination
A set of common mechanism or institution to enable regional cooperation to achieve its goals
A process of community building in Southeast Asia, East Asia and the wider region, whereby ASEAN will be its driving force
10
11
MAJOR TRADE ROUTES AND STRAITS
12
13
PDR of Korea
Timor Leste
ARF
Europian Union(27 member countries)
Mongolia
Pakistan
ASEM
China
Korea
Japan
ASEAN + 3
Lao PDR
Philippines
Thailand
Singapore
Brunei Darussalam
Vietnam
MalaysiaMyanmar
CambodiaIndonesia
ASEAN
APEC
Canada
Chile
Mexico
Peru
Hong Kong, China
Taipei, China
Papua New Guinea
Australia
New Zealand
India
EAS
United States
Russia
Palau
FSM
Marshall Is
Kiribati
Nauru
Tuvalu
Niue
Tonga
Samoa
Cook IsFiji Is
Solomon Is
Vanuatu
PIF
BhutanSri Lanka
NepalMaldives
Bangladesh
Afghanistan
SAARC
14
ASEANASEAN
EASEAS
ASEAN ASEAN Plus ThreePlus Three
EAS
ASEAN + 1 ARFARF
ADMM-PLUS
Elements of Regional ArcitectureASEAN+1, ASEAN+3, East Asia Summit, ARF, dan ADMM Plus
15
Evolving Issues within Regional Architecture
Encompassing a wide array of strategic issues of concern to the countries in various regional mechanism such as ASEAN+1, ASEAN+3, EAS, ADMM-Plus, and ARF.
Political and Security: Regional Architecture to maintain peace and stability in the region
Economy: Regional Architecture to ensure sustainable economic development
Socio-Cultural: Regional Arcitecture to deepen solidarity toward one another through building respect for their cultural diversity, beliefs, and races and be in assistance to one another
16
ASEAN-Japan TAC (2004)ASEAN-Canada
TAC (2010)
ASEAN-US TAC (2009)
ASEAN-RussiaTAC (2004)
ASEAN-Australia TAC (2005)
ASEAN-China TAC (2003)
ASEAN-Korea TAC (2004)
ASEAN-India TAC (2003)
ASEAN-EU
TAC
ASEAN-New Zealand TAC
(2005)
ADMM+
ARF
ARF 10 ASEAN countries, Japan, China, ROK, DPRK, Canada, Chile, Timor Leste, Mexico, Peru, Russia, the U.S., Mongolia, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand, Australia, ADMM+ 10 ASEAN Countries + Japan + China + ROK + India + Australia + New Zealand + the U.S. + Russia 17
EAFTA : East Asia Free Trade Area 10 ASEAN Countries+ Japan + China + ROK
ASEAN-Japan CEP
CEPEA : Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia 10 ASEAN Countries + Japan + China + ROK + India + Australia+ New Zealand
ASEAN-Canada
ASEAN-US TIFA
ASEAN-Russia
ASEAN-Australia- New Zealand FTA
ASEAN-China FTA
ASEAN-Korea FTA
ASEAN-India FTA
ASEAN-EU
Evolving Regional Architecture: Economic Pillar
18
• People Centered Organization: Prioritize the interest of the people of ASEAN as the ultimate beneficiaries of ASEAN Endeavors•ASEAN Identity: Cultural features that are distinctively Southeast Asian, with its cultural diversity as a unifying factor and a source of wealth of the region.• We-Feeling: A condition where all components of ASEAN Member States sense the affinity and proud as part of ASEAN
ASEAN-Japan
ASEAN-Canada
ASEAN-US
ASEAN-Russia
ASEAN-Australia
ASEAN-China
ASEAN-Korea
ASEAN-India
ASEAN-EU
Evolving Regional Architecture: Socio-Cultural Pillar
ASEAN- New Zealand
19
East Asia Summit as the primary forum in the Regional Architecture
East Asia Summit has evolved into the primary forum in the Regional Architecture
EAS is attended by Heads of State/ Heads of Government of 18 countries, discussing broad strategic political and economic issues of common concern and interest
The Accession of the United States and Russia has increased the profile of EAS. It is viewed as an effective mechanism in promoting peace and stability in the region
20
Challenges to ASEAN
How to maintain ASEAN’s centrality, leadership and driving force in EAS.
Imperative for ASEAN to strengthen its internal mechanism to determine agenda setting, enhance existing mechanisms and demonstrate its leadership (ASEAN in the driving force)in all ASEAN-led mechanisms
21
22