President’s Proposed Budget:

President’s Proposed Budget:

The first 78 programs to be eliminated under this budget:

1) USDA in the Classroom, USDA2) AITC Secondary Postsecondary Agriculture Education Challenge Grants (SPECA), USDA3) Food and Agricultural Sciences National Needs Graduate and Postgraduate Fellowship Grant Program, USDA4) Higher Education Challenge Grants (HEC), USDA5) Higher Education Multicultural Scholars Program (MSP), USDA6) Women and Minorities in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Fields Program (WAMS), USDA7) Competitive Education Grants (including Environmental Literacy Grants), Commerce8) Dr. Nancy Foster Scholarship Program, Commerce9) NIST Summer Institute for MIddle School Teachers, Commerce10) NOAA Bay Watershed Education and Training (B-WET), Commerce11) NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (Education Only), Commerce12) NOAA Teacher at Sea Program, Commerce13) DoD STARBASE Program, DOD14) Iridescent Learning, DOD15) National Defense Education Program (NDEP) K-12 component, DOD16) National Science Center (NSC), DOD17) Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), DOD18) University Laboratory Initiative (ULI), DOD19) Homeland Security STEM Career Development Grant Program DHS20) American Chemical Society Summer School in Nuclear and Radiochemistry, DOE21) Computational Science Graduate Fellowship, DOE22) Global Change Education Program, DOE23) Graduate Automotive Technology Education, DOE24) National Undergraduate Fellowship Program in Plasma Physics and Fusion Energy Sciences, DOE25) Plasma/Fusion Science Educator Programs, DOE26) QuarkNet, DOE27) Wind for Schools, DOE28) Greater Research Opportunities (GRO) Fellowships for Undergraduate Environmental Study), EPA29) Science to Achieve Results Graduate Fellowship Program) EPA30) Clinical Research Training Program, HHS31) Curriculum Supplement Series, HHS32) NIAID Science Education Awards, HHS33) NINDS Diversity Research Education Grants in Neuroscience, HHS34) NLM Institutional Grants for Research Training in Biomedical Informatics, HHS35) OD Science Education Partnership Award, HHS36) Office of Science Education K-12 Program, HHS37) Public Health Traineeship, HHS38) Science Education Drug Abuse Partnership Award, HHS39) Short Term Educational Experiences for Research (STEER) in the Environmental health Sciences for Undergraduates and High School Students, HHS40) Aeronautics Academy, NASA41) Aeronautics Content – Smart Skies/Product Content Upgrade, NASA42) Aeronautics Scholarship, NASA43) Aqua, NASA44) Astrophysics Forum, NASA45) Aura, NASA46) Cassini, NASA47) Chandra, NASA48) DAWN, NASA49) Design Competition, NASA50) Earth Science E/PO Forum, NASA51) eEducation Small Projects/Central Operation of Resources for Educators (CORE), NASA52) EPOESS, NASA53) GCCE – Global Climate Change Education, NASA54) GRAIL, NASA55) GSRP – Graduate Student Researchers Program, NASA56) Heliophysics E/PO Forum, NASA57) HEOMD-NASA’s Beginning Engineering, Science and Technology (BEST) Students (NBS), NASA58) HST, NASA59) Innovation in Higher Education STEM Education, NASA60) INSPIRE – Interdisciplinary National Science Program Incorporating Research and Education Experience, NASA61) JPFP – Jenkins Pre-Doctoral Fellowship Program, NASA62) Juno, NASA63) LDCM, NASA64) LEARN – Learning Environment and Research Network, NASA65) Mars E/PO Formal Ed, NASA66) Mars E/PO Informal Ed, NASA67) MESSENGER, NASA68) NAS – NASA Aerospace Scholars, NASA69) NES – NASA Explorer Schools, NASA70) Planetary Science E/PO Forum, NASA71) Reduced Gravity Student Flight Opportunity Project, NASA72) SEMAA – Science Engineering Mathematics and Aerospace Academy/FIRST Buckeye, NASA73) SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy) Education and Public Outreach, NASA74) SOI – Summer of Innovation/NASA IV&V Engineering Apprenticeship Program, NASA75) Spaceward Bound, NASA76) STEM Education & Accountability Project , NASA77) USRP – Undergraduate Student Research Project, NASA78) Nuclear Education Curriculum Development Program, NRC

41) Aeronautics Content – Smart Skies/Product Content Upgrade, NASA42) Aeronautics Scholarship, NASA43) Aqua, NASA44) Astrophysics Forum, NASA45) Aura, NASA46) Cassini, NASA47) Chandra, NASA48) DAWN, NASA49) Design Competition, NASA50) Earth Science E/PO Forum, NASA51) eEducation Small Projects/Central Operation of Resources for Educators (CORE), NASA52) EPOESS, NASA53) GCCE – Global Climate Change Education, NASA54) GRAIL, NASA55) GSRP – Graduate Student Researchers Program, NASA56) Heliophysics E/PO Forum, NASA57) HEOMD-NASA’s Beginning Engineering, Science and Technology (BEST) Students (NBS), NASA58) HST, NASA59) Innovation in Higher Education STEM Education, NASA60) INSPIRE – Interdisciplinary National Science Program Incorporating Research and Education Experience, NASA61) JPFP – Jenkins Pre-Doctoral Fellowship Program, NASA62) Juno, NASA63) LDCM, NASA64) LEARN – Learning Environment and Research Network, NASA65) Mars E/PO Formal Ed, NASA66) Mars E/PO Informal Ed, NASA67) MESSENGER, NASA68) NAS – NASA Aerospace Scholars, NASA69) NES – NASA Explorer Schools, NASA70) Planetary Science E/PO Forum, NASA71) Reduced Gravity Student Flight Opportunity Project, NASA72) SEMAA – Science Engineering Mathematics and Aerospace Academy/FIRST Buckeye, NASA73) SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy) Education and Public Outreach, NASA74) SOI – Summer of Innovation/NASA IV&V Engineering Apprenticeship Program, NASA75) Spaceward Bound, NASA76) STEM Education & Accountability Project , NASA77) USRP – Undergraduate Student Research Project, NASA78) Nuclear Education Curriculum Development Program, NRC

Department of Agriculture – 6 ProgramsDepartment of Commerce – 6 Programs Department of Defense – 6 Programs Department of Energy – 8 Programs Department of Health and Human Services – 10 ProgramsDepartment of Homeland Security – 1 Program Environmental Protection Agency – 2 ProgramsNational Aeronautics and Space Administration – 38 ProgramsNuclear Regulatory Commission – 1 Program

#1: The NGSS are the result of a multi-step process

Teacher Development

Curricula

Instructional Materials

Instruction

Assessment

#2: The NGSS are the result of a “states-led” process

MS-ESS2 Earth’s Systems

How to Read the Next Generation Science Standards

The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) are distinct from prior science standards in essential ways. Ex) 3 Foundations. Each performance expectation incorporates three dimensions from the National Research Council Framework—a science or engineering practice, a core disciplinary idea, and a crosscutting concept.

The 8 Practices

1. Asking questions (for science) and defining problems (for engineering)2. Developing and using models3. Planning and carrying out investigations4. Analyzing and interpreting data5. Using mathematics and computational thinking6. Constructing explanations (for science) and designing solutions (for engineering)7. Engaging in argument from evidence8. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information

Developing and Using Models

Crosscutting Concepts

1. Patterns 2. Cause and effect3. Scale, proportion, and quantity4. Systems and system models.5. Energy and matter6. Structure and function7. Stability and change

Number of Years of High School Science Required:

1987 1996 2006 2008

Local Decision 6 7 6 61 – 2 Years 40 33 16 133 Years 3 8 27 274 Years 0 2 1 4

Local decision means that graduation requirements are set by local districts and may vary within a state. In 2008, all states with statewide requirements required ≥2 years of mathematics courses; only one state (Illinois) required 1 year of science.NOTES: Data include Washington, DC. Column totals do not add to 51 because certain states did not participate in Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO) survey that year or used a different credit reporting system. (1987 – leaves off Vermont and Arkansas, which both required 5 total math or science years; 1996 – still leaves off Vermont for the same reason; includes DC)SOURCES: CCSSO, Key State Education Policies on PK-12 Education: 2008 (2009); Snyder TD, Digest of Education Statistics 1988, NCES 88-600 (1988); and Snyder TD, Digest of Education Statistics 1998, NCES 1999-036 (1999).

How would you construct a 6-12 curriculum around the NGSS, given the amount and complexity of the

Earth and Space Science?

Course Map #1: Conceptual Understanding Model