preview of award 1026607 - annual project reportcce.lternet.edu/docs/1415ccelter_annrpt.pdf ·...

Major Activities:

Preview of Award 1026607 - Annual Project ReportCover |Accomplishments |Products | Participants/Organizations |Impacts |Changes/Problems

Federal Agency and Organization Element to Which Report is Submitted:

4900

Federal Grant or Other Identifying Number Assigned by Agency:

1026607

Project Title: Ecological Transitions in the California Current Ecosystem: CCE-LTER Phase II

PD/PI Name: Mark D Ohman, Principal InvestigatorKatherine Barbeau, Co-Principal InvestigatorRalf Goericke, Co-Principal InvestigatorMichael R Landry, Co-Principal InvestigatorArthur J Miller, Co-Principal Investigator

Recipient Organization: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanogra

Project/Grant Period: 08/15/2010 - 07/31/2016

Reporting Period: 08/01/2014 - 07/31/2015

Submitting Official (if other than PD\PI): Mark D OhmanPrincipal Investigator

Submission Date: 05/31/2015

Signature of Submitting Official (signature shall be submitted in accordance with agency specific instructions)

Mark D Ohman

Cover

Accomplishments

* What are the major goals of the project?

The major goals of the project are stated in the original proposal (Phase II) and award OCE-1026607.

* What was accomplished under these goals (you must provide information for at least one of the 4 categories below)?

Special Issue of Deep-Sea Research II - A special issue of the journal Deep-Sea Research II was published (Feb 2015), entitled: CCE-LTER: Responses of the California Current Ecosystem to Climate Forcing. R. Goericke and M. Ohman were guest editors of this issue, which includes 13 papers pertaining to temporal and spatial changes in the CCE study region.

CCE Process Cruises - We conducted experimental studies of phytoplankton growth, grazing and export on CCE Process cruise P1408 during conditions of elevated coastal seawater temperatures and anomalously low upwelling in

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August, 2014. Other activities included studies of organic ligand production and Fe limitation, rhizarian molecular genetics and diversity, copepod egg production, euphausiid distributions, mesopelagic fish distributions in relation to hypoxia, and other studies.

CCE-LTER Augmented CalCOFI Cruises – CCE continued extensive measurements on four CalCOFI cruises in the CCE-LTER region, including measurements of four of the five core LTER variables.

Glider measurements – We continued Spray glider-based observations on lines 80 and 90 across the CCE domain.

Mooring measurements- We sustained mooring-based observations at the CCE-1 (core of the California Current) and CCE-2 (Pt. Conception) moorings along line 80.

Mesozooplankton – The M. Ohman lab continued analysis of grazing on process cruises P1206 and P1408. They completed a comparison between long-term changes in the zooplankton of the Northeast Asia Marginal Seas (off Korea) and the California Current Ecosystem. A postdoc completed analysis of changes in pteropod vertical distributions and shell dissolution in relation to changes in aragonite saturation depths. A graduate student analyzed changes in Deep Scattering Layers, comprised primarily of mesopelagic fishes, in relation to spatial changes in the depth of the hypoxic boundary. Another graduate student completed a study of changes of chemical bond structure of plastic micro-debris particles when exposed to sunlight and seawater, in relation to naturally collected neustonic plastic particles suspended in NE Pacific waters. Ohman completed a Prologue to a general book entitled “Plankton: Wonders of the Drifting World.”

Microplankton – The M. Landry lab continued processing long-term sample collections for phytoplankton community biomass and composition from the augmented CalCOFI and CCE Process cruises in the California Current Ecosystem.

Multi-frequency Acoustics - Postdoc P. Davison collected EK60 acoustic data and mesopelagic trawl data in crepuscular and night periods from the CCE process cruise (P1408) in August, 2014.

Iron Limitation Studies - Members of the Barbeau lab participated in CCE Process Cruise P1408 in August 2014. Since the cruise, they have been engaged in analysis of the cruise data, both in situ measurements and results of incubation studies.

Dissolved Organic Carbon Studies - L. Aluwihare’s lab continued to collect quarterly samples for Total Organic Carbon measurements (TOC). One graduate student, B. Stephens, participated in the summer 2014 CCE Process cruise to collect TOC samples and other samples to examine nitrogen isotope dynamics.

Microbial Diversity - B. Palenik's lab continues a long term interest in the diversity of cyanobacteria at the SIO pier as a proxy for cyanobacterial diversity in the CCE-LTER region.



Molecular Probes - R. Burton’s group continued to collect biweekly samples of fish eggs using vertical tows off the SIO Pier. All eggs were identified using DNA sequencing and comparisons to barcoding databases they have established for California marine fish.

Satellite Data - M. Kahru and group continued to create time series of 1-km merged satellite datasets of chlorophyll-a concentration, sea-surface temperature and some bio-optical variables (coefficients of absorption and backscatter). The large-scale California Current datasets that are updated at weekly intervals are posted at http://spg.ucsd.edu/Satellite_Data /California_Current/.

Ecosystem Modeling I - E. Di Lorenzo and students continue to complement the ecosystem modeling simulations with stochastic models that reduce the complexities of the physical and biological responses to climate forcing to a simple testable hypothesis. They have also started exploring the role of large-scale North Pacific sub-surface dynamics as a way to predict and model decadal changes in the CCE marine ecosystem

Ecosystem Modeling II - In the P. Franks lab, grad student A. deVerneil submitted a manuscript outlining his “pseudo-Lagrangian” approach to SeaSoar data analysis and is presently writing a manuscript reviewing submesoscale instabilities at fronts and their potential impacts on phytoplankton, as well as working up the data from the MVP frontal surveys to explore salinity and fluorescence interleaving at the front. Postdoc F. Chenillat submitted 3 papers based on the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach, applied to eddies of the CCS.

Ecosystem Modeling III - C. Edwards and the UCSC modeling group continued focusing on (a) assessment of biogeochemical model complexity on reproduction of observed distributions of the CCS and (b) development of biogeochemical data assimilation using the NEMURO model.

Ecosystem Modeling IV – A. Miller collaborated with A. Bakun and colleagues on future states of the CCS ecosystem under global warming, and also mentored A.P. Lopez (undergrad) in analysis of the space-time evolution of physical-biological variables in a CCS model.

Long-term changes in upwelling source waters - S. Bograd continued to examine long-term datasets with colleagues to investigate changes in source water composition in the CCE-LTER region.

Seabirds - W. Sydeman’s group continued to collect seasonal data (winter, spring, summer/fall) on the distribution, abundance, spatial organization, and habitat preferences of seabirds off southern California. We initiated a new project looking at the role of seabirds in nutrient recycling and primary productivity in the Santa Barbara Basin.

Ocean acidification supplement - The T. Martz lab constructed a custom shipboard underway system for measuring, logging and transmitting pCO2, pH, temperature and salinity. The system integrates three commercial systems into a common data hub (a PC running LabView). The first at-sea test of the system was carried out on CalCOFI 1504NHv in April 2015. Preliminary results indicate that the test was highly successful and, following minor modifications, the system will be ready for the next CalCOFI cruise. In addition, we



Specific Objectives:

Significant Results:

purchased a LiCOR NDIR CO2 analyzer for a dissolved inorganic carbon analyzer under development in the A. Dickson lab. This system will help improve bottle sample throughput for the increased number of validation samples returned from CalCOFI cruises.

Information Management -The CCE LTER Information Management group (J. Conners and J.S.Gordon) successfully utilized new databases, workflow protocols, standardized data processing scripts and documentation in the present reporting period. Processing and data posting have become more efficient, error-correction and dataset maintenance records improved, and standardized data submission forms developed. System documentation efforts are currently underway to protect against information loss and preserve continuity for both current and new members of the scientific community. Dataset reviews (metadata quality, completeness, etc.) were conducted as suggested during CCE LTER’s midterm review and the results have been compiled, processed and distilled and are currently being used to improve dataset metadata documentation.

International Activities - Numerous collaborations continue with colleagues in comparative ecosystem studies (South Korea, France), biophysical modeling (France), physical modeling (Spain, Canada, & South Africa), satellite oceanography (Mexico), and other studies.

Please see above.

CCE Process Cruises - We documented significantly depressed plankton biomass and productivity in the southern California upwelling region during summer 2014, associated with anomalously warm conditions off the California coast. These conditions appear to be part of a very large scale warm water anomaly in the NE Pacific during 2014-15. This event enabled the CCE-LTER group to characterize food web interactions during warm, stratified ocean conditions that could become more prevalent in the California Current Ecosystem in the future.

CCE-Augmented CalCOFI Cruises: Changes in upwelling source waters – S. Bograd and colleagues quantified long-term variability in water properties, including spiciness, dissolved oxygen and inorganic nutrient content within the CCE-LTER region. Comparing these data to basin-scale reanalysis data sets, they made inferences on long-term changes in the advection of modified source waters to the region. The largest trends occurred at depths that provide source waters for coastal upwelling, and thus could have important effects on the pelagic ecosystem.

Multi-frequency Acoustics - P. Davison and colleagues published two papers regarding seasonal/annual estimates (~3 y) of CalCOFI mesopelagic fish abundance, as well as developing methods of acoustically estimating mesopelagic fish biomass.

Iron Limitation- Analysis of CCE P1408 line 90 total dissolvable iron surface samples and profiles revealed a surface maximum in total dissolvable iron near the Santa Rosa Ridge, coincident with variation in other hydrographic and biological parameters. Analysis of microbial incubation studies preliminary evidence for an effect of iron limitation on bacterial growth, carbon demand, and DOC metabolism.



Dissolved Organic Carbon - We are currently preparing a manuscript that describes the relationship between TOC and food web composition to parse out TOC production dynamics. Nitrogen isotope measurements from samples collected during the CCE Process cruise identify an interesting feature at the base of the euphotic zone that is suggestive of intense N recycling at this depth.

Molecular Probes - The eggs of 39 different fish species have now been documented from collections off the SIO Pier. Two years of data (Aug 2012-Aug 2014) both showed strong seasonal differences in diversity but remarkable consistency between years.

SIO Pier studies - REU K.A. Yoshida investigated the molecular diversity of Synechococcus using the gene marker rpoC1 and obtained initial evidence that stratification of the water column leads to changes in Synechococcus diversity, with one major clade dominating deeper in the water column and one clade at the surface.

Mesozooplankton group - The M. Ohman group compared long-term trends in the zooplankton biomass in the California Current Ecosystem and the Northeast Asia Marginal Seas off Korea and found that biomass and zooplankton compositional changes in the two regions are related to regional rather than large-scale forcing. Postdoc N. Bednarsek and M. Ohman detected vertical habitat compression and inceased shell dissolution of thecosome pteropods in response to shoaling aragonite saturation horizons across a frontal system in the California Current Ecosystem. Graduate student A. Netburn found that spatial variations in the lower boundary of the acoustic Deep Scattering Layer in the CCE region are associated with variations in the hypoxic boundary. Graduate student J. Brandon completed a long-term weathering experiment showing that plastic particles aged in natural sunlight and seawater follow predictable changes in chemical bond structure with age that can be applied to approximate the ages of some suspended planktonic plastic particles collected in the CCE region.

Autonomous Measurements – J. Powell and M. Ohman published two Sprayglider-based studies that illustrate the co-variability of biological and physical fronts in the CCE region and their importance as sites of elevated biomass of zooplankton and phytoplankton.

Satellite Observations - M. Kahru extended the regional California Current chlorophyll-a algorithm to VIIRS and extended to MODIS-Aqua past 2012. The merged VIIRS/MODIS-Aqua chlorophyll-a is being routinely produced and uploaded to the web, and the results are prepared for publishing.

Ecosystem Modeling I - 1) Using an ensemble of high-resolution ocean model hindcasts of the CCS from 1950-present, Davis and Di Lorenzo (2015a,b) found that long-term changes in along-shore currents and eddies are controlled by changes in regional coastal winds that are predictable and not connected with large-scale modes of climate variability. The variability in the strength of alongshore currents have been linked to observed long-term changes in marine populations (e.g. zooplankton). 2) Predicting future changes in the CCS upwelling: using ocean-reanalysis in conjunction with the CalCOFI and Line P dataset, Pozo Buil and Di Lorenzo (2015a, b) showed that decadal changes in the surface water properties in the CCS and Gulf of Alaska can be predicted by



Key outcomes or Other achievements:

tracking changes in the subsurface water masses in the North Pacific gyre, which feed these upwelling systems.

Ecosystem Modeling II - P. Franks and colleagues found that cyclonic eddies in the CCS are coherent features that transport coastal waters and their associated ecosystems offshore. The upper euphotic zone tends to be uncoupled from the deep (sub-mixed-layer) euphotic zone.

Ecosystem Modeling III - The UCSC modeling group published a paper revealing challenges in biogeochemical modeling resulting from data assimilation of physical observations in isolation of biological fields and arguing for coupled biogeochemical data assimilation. They have advanced the base version of NEMURO to include oxygen dynamics with a goal to better assess coastal hypoxic conditions within the CCS.

Ecosystem Modeling IV - A. Miller and colleagues found that diurnal cycle winds (sea breezes) may increase under global warming, leading to changes in vertical mixing near the coast with consequent impacts on primary production.

Seabirds - There was an influx of seabirds with subtropical biogeographic affinities in the fall of 2014, apparently in association with the large-scale ocean warming of the NE Pacific in 2014-2015.

How to access our CCE-LTER data? - CCE LTER core data continue to be made available through our local data system, Datazoo: http://oceaninformatics.ucsd.edu/datazoo/data/ccelter/datasets

Please see the preceding section.

* What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?

Seventeen graduate students and 8 postdocs worked under the mentorship of CCE scientists this past year. Two CCE graduate students successfully defended their PhD theses at SIO. Their CCE dissertation topics included bacterial alteration and removal of dissolved organic matter (Pedler Sherwood 2014) and iron and copper organic complexation in marine systems (Bundy 2014).

Four REU students and one returning undergrad worked in SIO labs and participated in CCE activities during the summer of 2014. Two of these students were under-represented minorities (URMs). All were given opportunities to tour various SIO labs, obtain close training with mentors in many aspects of research, receive graduate school advice, and make a research presentation to their CCE peer group.

Many CCE PIs and Associates are keenly involved in educating and mentoring graduate students, postdocs, REUs, and other undergraduate students. Training and sampling opportunities were received by many participants on the CCE P1408 Process Cruise.

Kylee Chang (a graduate student in the Martz Lab) has been trained to operate shipboard underway instrumentation for pCO2, pH, temperature and salinity.

M. Kahru presented a 3-day course on satellite oceanography at the Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Mexico in December, 2014. He also gave a 3-day course on satellite bio-optics at the international POGO course “Phytoplankton bio-optical variability: application to the study of coastal systems” in Ensenada, Mexico in February, 2015.



A. Freibott, a CCE-affiliated grad student, was program co-chair for Expanding Your Horizons (EYH) San Diego, which organized a one-day symposium of STEM workshops for about 400 girls in 6-10th grade in March 2015.

The CCE LTER Information Manager, J. Conners, continues to serve on the Information Management Executive Committee. J. Conners contributed to the Spring, 2014 LTER Databits issue with an article describing local experiences in data integration. Both J. Conners and J.S. Gordon attended the 2014 Information Management Meeting (Frisco, Colorado - in conjunction w/ ESIP Federation Conference) in July of 2014. In October 2014, J. Conners represented CCE LTER, as a member of selected data managers and technologists at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, during a two-day meeting with representatives from Vietnam Ocean Data and Information Center (VODIC) to provide this group with consulting and an overview of current ocean data management systems.

* How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?

A new EOCB Director, Charina Layman, began in August 2014. Ms. Layman continues the collaboration with Birch Aquarium at Scripps (BAS) where she also serves as Education Manager. Many of the education and outreach activities utilize the scientific expertise of CCE-LTER scientists and graduate students and the aquarium’s extensive audience reach to disseminate CCE-LTER research. The completed activities include: engaging over 300 teachers in a plankton-themed workshop held at SIO (Apple Distinguished Educator Program); CCE-LTER graduate students demonstrating plankton collection and identification for diverse audiences (Full Moon Pier Walks); aquarium educators, with the support of CCE-LTER graduate students, facilitating guest engagement at a hand-on station focused on discovering plankton adaptations (Think Tank: Plankton); scientists and graduate students interacting with over 200 middle and high school students and their parents at a STEM career event (Exploring Ocean STEM Careers); development and implementation of an interactive demonstration of the role of currents in the distribution of microplastics by CCE-LTER graduate students participating in a science communication course (When Trash Gets Swept to Sea); showcasing the methods that plankton use to find maters in the ocean (SEA Days: Ocean Love); and participation in a community festival to talk about CCE-LTER research, scientific practices, and educational opportunities (Chicano Park Day). Additionally, the RET Teacher-as-Sea participant, Carmina Ramirez, completed a blog during the CCE P1408 cruise, which was subsequently reprinted on a Los Angeles-based Spanish language website for the newspaper La Opinión. An article about her experiences was printed in the LTER Newsletter and another in California Educator, a professional magazine of the California Teachers Association (circulation 350,000). Ms. Ramirez’ experiences with CCE-LTER research themes were also incorporated into classroom lessons.

CCE-LTER continued its collaboration with the Ocean Institute (Dana Pt), including the temperature-chlorophyll time series. Through the use of ship and lab-based programs, students investigate how humans impact the California Current ecosystem (Human Impacts on Coastal Ecosystems) and what water quality and plankton productivity can tell us about the ocean (Earth’s Changing Climate.

Middle school students from two college readiness programs met with CCE-LTER scientists and graduate students to learn about CCE-LTER research topics and methods and toured SIO facilities, including the Scripps Pier and Invertebrates Collections (AVID and Preuss Tours)

Graduate students and post-docs from CCE-LTER, Santa Barbara Coastal (SBC) LTER, and Moorea LTER (MCR) participated in a cross-site symposium held in Santa Barbara in April, 2015. CCE-LTER graduate students presented their research findings and discussed further collaborations between the sites.

Last summer (2014), scientists, graduate students, and post-docs mentored five REUs in various labs and three of these students took part in the CCE process cruise (P1408). Two of these students were supported through supplemental funds awarded by NSF; the remaining students were supported through SIO funds to CCE.

* What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?



We will continue to disseminate CCE-LTER research broadly through the community via engaging outreach activities. We will also serve as a resource for formal educators as they transition to the Next Generation Science Standards. CCE-LTER resources and research will be highlighted during a Teacher Professional Development workshop and participation in the Teacher Open House. Additionally, we will expose students to CCE-LTER research topics and methods during summer camp sesssions.

Products

Books

Book Chapters

Conference Papers and Presentations

Inventions

JournalsBakun, A., B. A. Black, S. J. Bograd, M. Garcia-Reyes, A. J. Miller, R. R. Rykaczewski and W. J. Sydeman (2015). Anticipated effects of climate change on coastal upwelling ecosystems. Current Climate Change Reports. . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: DOI 10.1007/s40641-015-0008-4

Bednarsek, N. and M.D. Ohman (2015). Changes in pteropod distributions and shell dissolution across a frontal system in the California Current System. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Series. 523 93. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.3354/meps11199

Bograd, S.J., E.L. Hazen, E.A. Howell, and A.B. Hollowed (2014). The fate of fisheries oceanography: Introduction to the special issue. Oceanography. 27 (4), 21. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2014.83

Bograd, S.J., M. Pozo Buil, E. Di Lorenzo, C.G. Castro, I. Schroeder, R. Goericke, C. Anderson, C. Benitez-Nelson, and F.A. Whitney (2015). Changes in source waters to the Southern California Bight. Deep-Sea Research II. 112 42. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.04.009

Bresnahan, P.J., Martz T.R., Takeshita Y., Johnson K.S., and LaShomb M. (2014). Best practices for autonomous measurement of seawater pH with the Honeywell Durafet. Methods in Oceanography. 9 . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1016/j.mio.2014.08.003

Bundy, R.M., H.A.N. Abdulla, P.G. Hatcher, D.V. Biller, K.N. Buck and K.A. Barbeau (2015). Iron-binding ligands and humic substances in the San Francisco Bay estuary and estuarine-influenced shelf regions of coastal California. Marine Chemistry. 173 183. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1016/j.marchem.2014.11.005

Campbell, G. S., L. Thomas, K. Whitaker, A. B. Douglas, J. Calambokidis and J. A. Hildebrand (2015). Inter-annual and seasonal trends in cetacean distribution, density and abundance in waters off southern California. Deep Sea Research II. 112 143. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.10.008

Davis, A. and E. Di Lorenzo (2015). Interannual forcing mechanisms of California Current transports I: Meridional Currents. Deep Sea Research II. 112 18. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.02.005



Davis, A. and E. Di Lorenzo (2015). Interannual forcing mechanisms of California Current transports II: Mesoscale Eddies. Deep Sea Research II. 112 31. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.02.004

Davison, P., A. Lara-Lopez, and J. A. Koslow (2015). Mesopelagic fish biomass in the southern California Current Ecosystem. Deep-Sea Research II. 112 129. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.10.007

Davison, P., J.A. Koslow and R.J. Kloser (2015). Acoustic biomass estimation of mesopelagic fish: backscattering from individuals, populations, and communities. ICES Journal of Marine Science. . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsv023

Di Lorenzo, E. (2015). Climate science: The future of coastal ocean upwelling. Nature. 518 (7539), 310. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1038/518310a

Dorman, J.G., W.J. Sydeman, M. Garcia-Reyes, R.A. Zeno, and J.A. Santora (2015). Modeling krill aggregations in the central-northern California Current. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Series. . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.3354/meps11253

Dupont, C.L., J.P. McCrow, R. Valas, A. Moustafa, N. Walworth, U. Goodenough, R. Roth, S.L. Hogle, J. Bai, Z.I. Johnson, E. Mann, B. Palenik, K.A. Barbeau, J. Craig Venter and A.E. Allen (2015). Genomes and gene expression across light and productivity gradients in eastern subtropical Pacific microbial communities. The ISME Journal. 9 1076. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2014.198

Edwards, C.A., A.M. Moore, I. Hoteit and B.D. Cornuelle (2015). Regional ocean data assimilation. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci.. 7 (2015), 6.1. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-010814-015821

Goericke, R. and M.D. Ohman (2015). Introduction to CCE-LTER: Responses of the California Current Ecosystem to climate forcing. Deep Sea Research II. 112 1. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.12.001

Goericke, R., S. J. Bograd and D. S. Grundle (2015). Denitrification and flushing of the Santa Barbara Basin bottom waters. Deep-Sea Research II. 112 53. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.07.012

Goldstein, M.C., H.S. Carson, and M. Eriksen (2014). Relationship of diversity and habitat area in North Pacific plastic-associated rafting communities. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 161 (6), . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1007/s00227-014-2432-8

Henderson, E.E., K.A. Forney, J. Barlow, J.A. Hildebrand, J. Calambokidis, A. Douglas, and W.J. Sydeman (2014). Climate regime shift effects on the distribution of delphinids in the Southern California Bight. Fishery Bulletin. 112 . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.7755/FB.112.2-3.5

Jackson, G.A., D.M. Checkley Jr and M. Dagg (2015). Settling of particles in the upper 100m of the ocean detected with autonomous profiling floats off California. Deep Sea Research I. 99 75. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2015.02.001

Jacox, M.G., C. A. Edwards, M. Kahru, D. L. Rudnick, and R. M. Kudela (2015). The potential for improving remote primary productivity estimates through subsurface chlorophyll and irradiance measurement. Deep-Sea Research II. 112 107. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.12.008



Johnston, T.M.S. and D.L. Rudnick (2015). Trapped diurnal internal tides, propagating semidiurnal internal tides, and mixing estimates in the California Current System from sustained glider observations, 2006-2012. Deep -Sea Research II. 112 61. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.03.009

Kahru, M., Jacox, M.G., Lee, Z, Kudela, R.M., Manzano-Sarabia, M., and Mitchell, B.G. (2014). Optimized multi-satellite merger of primary production estimates in the California Current using inherent optical properties. Journal of Marine Systems. . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.06.003

Kahru, M., R.M. Kudela, C.R. Anderson, M. Manzano-Sarabia, B.G. Mitchell (2014). Evaluation of satellite retrievals of ocean chlorophyll-a in the California Current. Remote Sensing. 6 . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.3390/rs6098524

Kahru, M., Z. Lee, R. M. Kudela, M. Manzano-Sarabia and B. G. Mitchell (2015). Multi-satellite time series of inherent optical properties in the California Current. Deep-Sea Research II. 112 91. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.07.023

Kang, Y. -S. and M. D. Ohman (2014). Comparison of Long-Term Trends of Zooplankton from Two Marine Ecosystems Across the North Pacific: Northeastern Asian Marginal Sea and Southern California Current System. CalCOFI Reports. 55 169. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes

Koslow, J. A. and J. Couture (2015). Pacific Ocean observation programs: Gaps in ecological time series. Marine Policy. 51 . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2014.09.003

Koslow, J.A., P. Davison, A. Lara-Lopez, M. Ohman (2014). Epipelagic and mesopelagic fishes in the southern California Current System: ecological interactions and oceanographic influences on their abundance. Journal of Marine Systems. 138 . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2013.09.007

Krause, J.W., M.A. Brzezinski, R. Goericke, M.R. Landry, M.D. Ohman, M.R. Stukel and A.G. Taylor (2015). Variability in diatom contributions to biomass, organic matter production and export across a frontal gradient in the California Current Ecosystem. Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans. . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1002/2014JC010472

Landry, M.R. (2014). On database biases and hypothesis testing with dilution experiments: Response to Comment by Latasa. Limnology and Oceanography. 59 (3), . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.4319/lo.2014.59.3.1095

Lee, Z., Marra, J., Perry, M.J., Sathyendranath, S., and Kahru, M. (2014). Estimating oceanic primary productivity from ocean color remote sensing: A strategic assessment. Journal of Marine Systems. . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.11.015

Martz, T., U. Send, M.D. Ohman, Y. Takeshita, P. Bresnahan, H.-J. Kim, and S.H. Nam (2014). Dynamic variability of biogeochemical ratios in the Southern California Current System. Geophysical Research Letters. 41 (7), . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1002/2014gl059332

Miller, A.J., H. Song, and A.C. Subramanian (2014). The physical oceanographic environment during the CCE-LTER Years: Changes in climate and concepts. Deep-Sea Research II. 112 6. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.01.003



Pasulka, A.L., T.J. Samo, and M.R. Landry (2015). Grazer and viral impacts on microbial growth and mortality in the southern California Current Ecosystem. Journal of Plankton Research. 37 (2), 1. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1093/plankt/fbv011

Pedler, B., Aluwihare, L.I., and Azam, F. (2014). Single bacterial strain capable of significant contribution to carbon cycling in the surface ocean. PNAS. 111 (20), . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1401887111

Powell, J.R. and M.D. Ohman (2015). Changes in zooplankton habitat, behavior, and acoustic scattering characteristics across glider-resolved fronts in the Southern California Current System. Progress in Oceanography. 134 77. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2014.12.011

Powell, J.R. and M.D. Ohman (2015). Covariability of zooplankton gradients with glider-detected density fronts in the Southern California Current System. Deep-Sea Research II. 112 79. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.04.002

Pozo Buil, M. and E. Di Lorenzo (2015). Decadal changes in Gulf of Alaska upwelling source waters. Geophysical Research Letters. . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1002/2015GL063191

Raghukumar, K., C. A. Edwards, N. L. Goebel, G. Broquet, M. Veneziani, A. M. Moore, J. P. Zehr (2015). Impact of assimilating physical oceanographic data on modeled ecosystem dynamics in the California Current System. Progress in Oceanography. . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2015.01.004

Schroeder, I.D., J.A. Santora, J. Fiechter, C. Edwards, A. Moore, E.L. Hazen, J. Field, S.J. Bograd, and B.K. Wells (2014). Application of a data-assimilative regional ocean modeing system for assessing California Current System ocean conditions, krill, and juvenile rockfish interannual variability. Geophysical Research Letters. 41 5942. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1002/2014GL061045

Sydeman, W.J., M. Garcia-Reyes, D. Schoeman, R. Rykaczewski, S.A. Thompson, B.A. Black, and S.J. Bograd (2014). Climate change and wind intensification in coastal upwelling ecosystems. Science. 345 (6192), 77. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.1126/science.1251635

Sydeman, W.J., S. A. Thompson, J. A. Santora, J. A. Koslow, R. Goericke, and M. D. Ohman (2015). Climate-ecosystem change off southern California: Time-dependent seabird predator–prey numerical responses. Deep-Sea Research II. 112 158. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.03.008

Taniguchi, D.A.A., Franks, P.J.S., Poulin, F.J. (2014). Planktonic biomass size spectra: an emergent property of size-dependent physiological rates, food web dynamics, and nutrient regimes. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Series. 514 13. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.3354/meps10968

Taniguchi, D.A.A., M.R. Landry, P.J.S. Franks and K.E. Selph (2014). Size-specific growth and grazing rates for picophytoplankton in coastal and oceanic regions of the eastern Pacific. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.. 509 . Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: 10.3354/meps10895

Taylor, A.G., M. R. Landry, K. E. Selph, J. J. Wokuluk (2015). Temporal and spatial patterns of microbial community biomass and composition in the southern California Current Ecosystem. Deep-Sea Research II. 112 117. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgment of Federal Support = Yes ; Peer Reviewed = Yes ; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.02.006



Form of REU funding support:

How many REU applications were received during this reporting period?

How many REU applicants were selected and agreed to participate during this reporting period?

REU Comments:

Licenses

Other ProductsPhysical Collections.

Several hundred new zooplankton samples were accessioned into the SIO Pelagic Invertebrates Collection, including both formalin- and ethanol-fixed material, the latter suitable for molecular genetics. These samples are in a public domain collection that is fully accessible to the research community.

Other PublicationsConners, James E. (2014). Data Integration Experiences. LTER Databits Spring 2014 (22 May 2014). Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgement of Federal Support = No

Ramirez, C. (2015). I was a terrified teacher at sea.. California Educator, 19(8), 9, 12-13, http://educator.cta.org/i/498229-april-2015. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgement of Federal Support = Yes

Ohman, M.D. (2015). Prologue. Prologue to the book: Sardet, C. Plankton: Wonders of the Drifting World. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, p. 224.. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgement of Federal Support = No

Ramirez, C. (2014). Reflections of a “Teacher at Sea”. LTER Network News Winter, Vol. 27 No. 4. http://news.lternet.edu/Article3136.html?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=!newsletter_name&utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=!newsletter_name. Status = PUBLISHED; Acknowledgement of Federal Support = Yes

Patents

Technologies or Techniques

Thesis/DissertationsPedler Sherwood, Byron. Bacterial Alteration and Removal of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Surface Ocean. (2014). University of California, San Diego. Acknowledgement of Federal Support = Yes

Bundy, Randelle M.. Iron and copper organic complexation in marine systems: Detection of multiple ligand classes via electrochemistry. (2014). University of California, San Diego. Acknowledgement of Federal Support = Yes

WebsitesZooplankton of the San Diego Regionhttps://scripps.ucsd.edu/zooplanktonguide/

A pictorial guide, basic notes, and references for >130 species of zooplankton from nearshore waters in the CCE region.

Participants/Organizations

Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) fundingREU supplement

25

5



What individuals have worked on the project?

Name Most Senior Project Role Nearest Person Month Worked

Ohman, Mark PD/PI 6

Barbeau, Katherine Co PD/PI 2

Goericke, Ralf Co PD/PI 4

Landry, Michael Co PD/PI 2

Miller, Arthur Co PD/PI 1

Aluwihare, Lihini Co-Investigator 1

Azam, Farooq Co-Investigator 1

Bograd, Steven Co-Investigator 2

Burton, Ron Co-Investigator 1

Checkley, David Co-Investigator 1

Chekalyuk, Alexander Co-Investigator 1

Conners, James Co-Investigator 6

Davis, Russ Co-Investigator 1

Di Lorenzo, Emanuele Co-Investigator 2

Edwards, Christopher Co-Investigator 1

Franks, Peter Co-Investigator 2

Kahru, Mati Co-Investigator 2

Koslow, Julian Co-Investigator 1

Layman, Charina Co-Investigator 1

MacKinnon, Jennifer Co-Investigator 1

Martz, Todd Co-Investigator 1

Mitchell, Brian Co-Investigator 1




Palenik, Brian Co-Investigator 1

Pinkel, Robert Co-Investigator 1

Rudnick, Dan Co-Investigator 1

Send, Uwe Co-Investigator 1

Smith, Kenneth Co-Investigator 1

Sydeman, William Co-Investigator 1

Zhang, Junjie Co-Investigator 1

Ramirez, Carmina K-12 Teacher 2

Bednarsek, Nina Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)

2

Chenillat, Fanny Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)

12

Davison, Peter Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)

1

Decima, Moira Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)

1

Gutiérrez-Rodriguez, Andrés

Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)

1

Humphries, Grant Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)

2

Mattern, Paul Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)

1

Swalethorp, Rasmus Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)

2

Taylor, Andrew Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)

6

Beckwith, Daniel Other Professional 1




Evans, Audrey Other Professional 1

Geraldo Lopez, Alan Other Professional 1

Kretschmar, Leslie Other Professional 1

Paulenich, Cari Other Professional 2

Picheral, Marc Other Professional 1

Sala, Linsey Other Professional 1

Stukel, Mike Other Professional 1

Westlake Storey, Robin Other Professional 6

Blincow, Kayla Technician 8

Breese, Dawn Technician 2

Dovel, Shonna Technician 12

Faber, Dave Technician 1

Gilmore, Kelsey Technician 1

Gordon, Jesse Technician 5

Hafez, Mark Technician 1

Jensen, David Technician 4

Jiorle, Ralf Technician 1

Lopez, Ana-Patricia Technician 1

Porrachia, Magali Technician 5

Roadman, Megan Technician 6

Rodgers-Wolgast, Jennifer

Technician 1

Webb, Sophie Technician 1




Wilkinson, James Technician 1

Wokuluk, John Technician 3

Wolgast, David Technician 1

Santora, Jarrod Staff Scientist (doctoral level) 1

Biard, Tristan Graduate Student (research assistant) 1

Brandon, Jennifer Graduate Student (research assistant) 3

Bresnahan, Phil Graduate Student (research assistant) 1

Briseno, Christian Graduate Student (research assistant) 1

Bundy, Randelle Graduate Student (research assistant) 1

Chang, Kylee Graduate Student (research assistant) 3

Coale, Tyler Graduate Student (research assistant) 1

Davis, Andrew Graduate Student (research assistant) 12

de Verneil, Alain Graduate Student (research assistant) 12

Ellen, Jeff Graduate Student (research assistant) 2

Freibott, Alexandra Graduate Student (research assistant) 7

Harada, Alice Graduate Student (research assistant) 1

Köster, Irina Graduate Student (research assistant) 1

Manck, Lauren Graduate Student (research assistant) 2

Nagarkar, Maitreyi Graduate Student (research assistant) 1

Netburn, Amanda Graduate Student (research assistant) 3

Nickels, Catherine Graduate Student (research assistant) 4

Pedler Sherwood, Byron Graduate Student (research assistant) 1




Pozo-Buil, Mercedes Graduate Student (research assistant) 3

Ruacho, Angel Graduate Student (research assistant) 2

Simonis, Anne Graduate Student (research assistant) 1

Stephens, Brandon Graduate Student (research assistant) 12

Valencia Ramirez, Bellineth

Graduate Student (research assistant) 4

van Cise, Amy Graduate Student (research assistant) 1

Vu, Elizabeth Graduate Student (research assistant) 1

Whitmore, Benjamin Graduate Student (research assistant) 3

Barber, Eric Undergraduate Student 3

Chang, Jamie Undergraduate Student 2

Land, Maya Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) Participant

3

Rashid, Kyra Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) Participant

3

Tan, Jasmine Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) Participant

3

Wirth, Taylor Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) Participant

3

Yoshida, Kari Ann Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) Participant

3

Alexander, Stacey Other 1

Borowicz, Alex Other 1

Fukada, Teresa Other 1

Harvey, Stephen Other 1

Johnson, Zachariah Other 1




Klemmedson, Angela Other 1

Kwon, Michael Other 1

Miller, Kelsey Other 1

Morales, Mark Other 1

Schlatter, Emma Other 1

Snouffer, Brian Other 1

Yu, Symphony Other 1

Full details of individuals who have worked on the project:

Mark D OhmanEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: PD/PINearest Person Month Worked: 6

Contribution to the Project: Lead PI, Mesozooplankton Ecology

Funding Support: NSF, SIO, Moore Foundation

International Collaboration: Yes, FranceInternational Travel: Yes, France - 0 years, 1 months, 14 days; China - 0 years, 0 months, 5 days

Katherine BarbeauEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co PD/PINearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Co-PI, Iron Geochemistry

Funding Support: NSF, SIO

International Collaboration: No International Travel: No

Ralf GoerickeEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co PD/PINearest Person Month Worked: 4

Contribution to the Project: Co-PI, Phytoplankton Ecology



Funding Support: CalCOFI, NOAA, SIO


Michael R LandryEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co PD/PINearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Co-PI, Food Web Structure and Function



Arthur J MillerEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co PD/PINearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Co-PI, Physical Oceanography and Modeling



Lihini AluwihareEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Co-PI, Dissolved organic matter (DOM)



Farooq AzamEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Bacteria/microbial food webs





Steven BogradEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Physical oceanography

Funding Support: NOAA

International Collaboration: Yes, Canada, South Africa, SpainInternational Travel: Yes, South Africa - 0 years, 0 months, 7 days

Ron BurtonEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI. Bar coding of marine fishes

Funding Support: CA Sea Grant, SIO


David CheckleyEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Co-PI, Ichthyoplankton and mesozooplankton

Funding Support: SIO, NSF, SeaGrant


Alexander ChekalyukEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, ALF systems and phytoplankton

Funding Support: NASA




James ConnersEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 6

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Information Management

Funding Support: NSF


Russ DavisEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Glider-based observations

Funding Support: Moore Foundation


Emanuele Di LorenzoEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Bio-physical modeling

Funding Support: NSF, Georgia Tech


Christopher EdwardsEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Ecosystem modeling

Funding Support: CA Sea Grant, NSF, NOAA, UCSC


Peter FranksEmail: [email protected]



Most Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Co-PI, Biophysical modeling


International Collaboration: Yes, FranceInternational Travel: No

Mati KahruEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Satellite remote sensing


International Collaboration: Yes, MexicoInternational Travel: Yes, Mexico - 0 years, 0 months, 5 days

Julian Anthony KoslowEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Mesopelagic fishes

Funding Support: SIO/Koslow grant


Charina LaymanEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Education, Outreach and Capacity Building Coordinator for CCE

Funding Support: Birch Aquarium at Scripps


Jennifer MacKinnonEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1



Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Ocean mixing



Todd MartzEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Marine chemical sensors



Brian Greg MitchellEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Co-PI, Remote sensing & bio-optics



Brian PalenikEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Microbial diversity



Robert PinkelEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Isopycnal and diapycnal transport processes





Dan RudnickEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Mesoscale ocean physics

Funding Support: NOAA, SIO


Uwe SendEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Moored observations

Funding Support: NOAA, SIO


Kenneth SmithEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Deep-sea benthic ecology

Funding Support: MBARI


William SydemanEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Seabird ecology

Funding Support: NOAA, CalCOFI, Farallon Institute




Junjie ZhangEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Co-InvestigatorNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Associate PI, Environmental and Resource Economics

Funding Support: UCSD


Carmina RamirezEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: K-12 TeacherNearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Teacher at Sea P1408



Nina BednarsekEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)Nearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Post-doc, Ocean acidification affects on pteropods



Fanny ChenillatEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)Nearest Person Month Worked: 12

Contribution to the Project: Post-doc, Biophysical modeling



Peter DavisonEmail: [email protected]



Most Senior Project Role: Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Post-doc, mesopelagic fish acoustics

Funding Support: Pew Charitable Trust


Moira DecimaEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Post-doc, CCE food webs



Andrés Gutiérrez-RodriguezEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Postdoc from France, studying radiolarians on the CCE Process cruise P1408

Funding Support: CNRS, France

International Collaboration: No International Travel: Yes, United States - 0 years, 1 months, 0 days

Grant HumphriesEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)Nearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Models of nutrient recycling

Funding Support: NSF, SCCOOS


Paul MatternEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1



Contribution to the Project: Ecosystem modeling



Rasmus SwalethorpEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)Nearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: P1408 cruise participant; larval fishes

Funding Support: Danish Govt


Andrew TaylorEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Postdoctoral (scholar, fellow or other postdoctoral position)Nearest Person Month Worked: 6

Contribution to the Project: Post-doc, Food web structure



Daniel BeckwithEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Other ProfessionalNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Lead Educator, Birch Aquarium at Scripps (BAS)



Audrey EvansEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Other ProfessionalNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Lead Educator at Birch Aquarium at Scripps (BAS)





Alan Geraldo LopezEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Other ProfessionalNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Visiting Columbian scientist, participated on CCE Process Cruise P1408

Funding Support: Foreign funds

International Collaboration: No International Travel: Yes, United States - 0 years, 1 months, 0 days; - 0 years, 0 months, 0 days; - 0 years, 0 months, 0 days

Leslie KretschmarEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Other ProfessionalNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Education Outreach Director - Ocean Institute, Dana Pt., CA

Funding Support: Ocean Institute


Cari PaulenichEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Other ProfessionalNearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Educator - Assistant coordinator of EOCB at the Birch Aquarium at Scripps (BAS)

Funding Support: Birch Aquarium at Scripp


Marc PicheralEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Other ProfessionalNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Engineer from France, participated on the CCE Process cruise P1408





Linsey SalaEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Other ProfessionalNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Collection Manager, Pelagic Invertebrates Collection

Funding Support: SIO, NOAA, NSF


Mike StukelEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Other ProfessionalNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Ocean carbon production/export



Robin Westlake StoreyEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Other ProfessionalNearest Person Month Worked: 6

Contribution to the Project: CCE LTER Program Office Coordinator



Kayla BlincowEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 8

Contribution to the Project: Zooscan analyses

Funding Support: SIO




Dawn BreeseEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Seabird field observer



Shonna DovelEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 12

Contribution to the Project: Staff Research Associate - oceanography



Dave FaberEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: CalCOFI Staff Research Associate

Funding Support: CalCOFI, NOAA


Kelsey GilmoreEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Zooscan analysis



Jesse Scott GordonEmail: [email protected]



Most Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 5

Contribution to the Project: Assistant Information Manager



Mark HafezEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Technician from LDEO, participated on the CCE Process cruise P1408

Funding Support: LDEO


David JensenEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 4

Contribution to the Project: Computer Programmer



Ralf JiorleEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 1




Ana-Patricia LopezEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 1



Contribution to the Project: CCE modeling studies with A. Miller



Magali PorrachiaEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 5

Contribution to the Project: TOC and POC studies



Megan RoadmanEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 6

Contribution to the Project: Staff Research Associate - oceanography

Funding Support: NSF, NOAA


Jennifer Rodgers-WolgastEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 1




Sophie WebbEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Seabird field observer





James WilkinsonEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: CalCOFI Information Management



John WokulukEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 3

Contribution to the Project: Marine food webs



David WolgastEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: TechnicianNearest Person Month Worked: 1




Jarrod SantoraEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Staff Scientist (doctoral level)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Seabird ecology studies

Funding Support: NOAA, Farallon Institute




Tristan BiardEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Grad student from France, studying radiolarians - on CCE Process cruise P1408



Jennifer BrandonEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 3

Contribution to the Project: Zooplankton grazing; plastic micro-debris



Phil BresnahanEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Ocean pH and carbon dioxide sensors



Christian BrisenoEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Plankton ecology



Randelle BundyEmail: [email protected]



Most Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Iron cycling in the CCE



Kylee ChangEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 3

Contribution to the Project: Ocean carbonate system sensors, participated on CalCOFI cruise



Tyler CoaleEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Grad student, participated on the CCE Process cruise P1408



Andrew DavisEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 12

Contribution to the Project: Ecosystem modeling



Alain de VerneilEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 12



Contribution to the Project: Biophysical modeling



Jeff EllenEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Machine learning

Funding Support: U.S. Navy, SPAWAR


Alexandra FreibottEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 7

Contribution to the Project: Planktonic food webs



Alice E. HaradaEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Identification of fish eggs using DNA sequencing

Funding Support: CA Sea Grant


Irina KösterEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Grad student from Germany, participated on the CCE Process cruise P1408

Funding Support: volunteer




Lauren ManckEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Microbial communities relating to available iron



Maitreyi NagarkarEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Microbial ecology



Amanda NetburnEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 3

Contribution to the Project: Mesopelagic fishes in relation to O2 minimum zones



Catherine NickelsEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 4

Contribution to the Project: Whale/krill interactions; Copepod egg production





Byron Pedler SherwoodEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Microbial ecology



Mercedes Pozo-BuilEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 3

Contribution to the Project: Biophysical modeling



Angel RuachoEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Iron cycling in the CCE



Anne SimonisEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Passive acoustics, marine mammals



Brandon StephensEmail: [email protected]



Most Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 12

Contribution to the Project: Organic Carbon pools



Bellineth Valencia RamirezEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 4

Contribution to the Project: Planktonic food webs

Funding Support: Foreign fellowship, NSF


Amy van CiseEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Cetacean evolutionary ecology



Elizabeth VuEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Marine mammal acoustics



Benjamin WhitmoreEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Graduate Student (research assistant)Nearest Person Month Worked: 3



Contribution to the Project: Ocean gliders

Funding Support: Moore Foundation


Eric C. BarberEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Undergraduate StudentNearest Person Month Worked: 3

Contribution to the Project: Gut fluorescence analyses



Jamie ChangEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Undergraduate StudentNearest Person Month Worked: 2

Contribution to the Project: Mesopelagic fish ID, participated on the CCE Process cruise P1408



Maya LandEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) ParticipantNearest Person Month Worked: 3

Contribution to the Project: REU - Secondary production


International Collaboration: No International Travel: No Year of schooling completed: OtherHome Institution: UCSDGovernment fiscal year(s) was this REU participant supported: 2014

Kyra RashidEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) ParticipantNearest Person Month Worked: 3



Contribution to the Project: REU - Food webs


International Collaboration: No International Travel: No Year of schooling completed: SophomoreHome Institution: UCSDGovernment fiscal year(s) was this REU participant supported: 2014

Jasmine TanEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) ParticipantNearest Person Month Worked: 3

Contribution to the Project: REU - bacterial production


International Collaboration: No International Travel: No Year of schooling completed: SophomoreHome Institution: UCSDGovernment fiscal year(s) was this REU participant supported: 2014

Taylor WirthEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) ParticipantNearest Person Month Worked: 3

Contribution to the Project: REU - pH sensors


International Collaboration: No International Travel: No Year of schooling completed: JuniorHome Institution: UCSDGovernment fiscal year(s) was this REU participant supported: 2014

Kari Ann YoshidaEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) ParticipantNearest Person Month Worked: 3

Contribution to the Project: REU - Microbial diversity


International Collaboration: No International Travel: No Year of schooling completed: Sophomore



Home Institution: UCSDGovernment fiscal year(s) was this REU participant supported: 2014

Stacey AlexanderEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: OtherNearest Person Month Worked: 1

Contribution to the Project: Volunteer on CalCOFI cruise

Funding Support: none


Alex BorowiczEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: OtherNearest Person Month Worked: 1




Teresa FukadaEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: OtherNearest Person Month Worked: 1




Stephen HarveyEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: OtherNearest Person Month Worked: 1






Zachariah JohnsonEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: OtherNearest Person Month Worked: 1




Angela KlemmedsonEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: OtherNearest Person Month Worked: 1




Michael KwonEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: OtherNearest Person Month Worked: 1




Kelsey MillerEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: OtherNearest Person Month Worked: 1




Mark MoralesEmail: [email protected]



Most Senior Project Role: OtherNearest Person Month Worked: 1




Emma SchlatterEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: OtherNearest Person Month Worked: 1




Brian SnoufferEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: OtherNearest Person Month Worked: 1




Symphony YuEmail: [email protected] Senior Project Role: OtherNearest Person Month Worked: 1




What other organizations have been involved as partners?

Name Type of Partner Organization Location

GEOMAR Kiel, Germany



Name Type of Partner Organization Location

Other Organizations (foreign or domestic)

J. Craig Venter Institute Other Organizations (foreign or domestic)

La Jolla, CA

MIT Academic Institution Massachusetts

Observatoire Océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer

Academic Institution Nice, France

Oceans and Coasts Research, Dept of Environmental Affairs

State or Local Government Capetown, South Africa

UCSC Academic Institution Santa Cruz, CA

Full details of organizations that have been involved as partners:

GEOMAR

Organization Type: Other Organizations (foreign or domestic)Organization Location: Kiel, Germany

Partner's Contribution to the Project:Collaborative Research

More Detail on Partner and Contribution: Collaboration with Dr. Damien Grundle

J. Craig Venter Institute

Organization Type: Other Organizations (foreign or domestic)Organization Location: La Jolla, CA


More Detail on Partner and Contribution: Collaborative work with Andrew Allen and Christopher Dupont

MIT

Organization Type: Academic InstitutionOrganization Location: Massachusetts


More Detail on Partner and Contribution: Modeling collaborations



Observatoire Océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer

Organization Type: Academic InstitutionOrganization Location: Nice, France

Partner's Contribution to the Project:Facilities Collaborative Research Personnel Exchanges

More Detail on Partner and Contribution: CNRS Laboratory, also affiliated with University of Paris 6

Oceans and Coasts Research, Dept of Environmental Affairs

Organization Type: State or Local GovernmentOrganization Location: Capetown, South Africa


More Detail on Partner and Contribution: Research on comparing upwelling variability in the California and Benguela Current Systems

UCSC

Organization Type: Academic InstitutionOrganization Location: Santa Cruz, CA


More Detail on Partner and Contribution: Satellite imagery collaborations

What other collaborators or contacts have been involved?

- Andy Bakun, RSMAS, University of Miami

- Bryan Black, University of Texas

- Ryan Rykaczewski, University of South Carolina

- Marisol Garcia-Reyes, Farallon Inst. of Advanced Ecosystem Studies

- Carmen Castro, Spain

- Frank Whitney, Canada

- Tarron Lamont, DEA, Capetown & Lambert's Bay, South Africa

- Marlenne Mamzano Sarabia, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Mexico

- Pascal Rivière & Bruno Blanke, Univ. Brest, France



- Xavier Capet, Univ. Pierre and Marie Curie, France

- Rudy Kloser, CSIRO (Australia)

- Gaby Gorsky, Observatoire Océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer, University of Paris 6, France

Impacts

What is the impact on the development of the principal discipline(s) of the project?

We have demonstrated the importance of (sub)mesoscale frontal systems in the California Current Ecosystem as sites of elevated phytoplankton and mesozooplankton biomass, as well as regions of disproportionate significance to predator-prey interactions, export fluxes, and pelagic food web structure.

We have documented important long-term (3 decade) changes in nutrient concentrations and nutrient stoichiometry in source waters that upwell into the euphotic zone of the California Currrent Ecosystem, with implications for phytoplankton community structure.

L. Aluwihare’s lab has been able to estimate the partitioning of new and primary production into the detrital carbon pools (dissolved organic carbon and particulate organic carbon) under different ecosystem states. This is a valuable parameterization for ecosystem models that aim to estimate the export and recycling efficiency of upper ocean food webs.

We have illustrated how changes in ocean carbonate chemistry (esp. aragonite saturation state) can markedly influence the abundance, vertical habitat, and shell dissolution of shell-bearing pteropods in the CCE region.

We have shown that the mesopelagic fauna, principally myctophid fishes, respond directly to changes in ocean hypoxia.

We have developed the ability to synthesize sparse observations with advanced, coupled biogeochemical/circulation models that will have a substantial impact on assessing historical changes in the CCE.

We have found that top predators respond to climate variability indirectly through changes in food webs and predator-prey relationships. These changes may be non-stationary, changing between ocean ‘regimes’ (Sydeman et al. 2015).

A simple bioenergetics model of Euphausia pacifica, coupled with an oceanographic model representing transport potential, reproduces krill "hotspots" (Dorman et al. 2015).

What is the impact on other disciplines?

We have illustrated the disproportionate significance of spatial discontinuities in influencing nutrient supply, predator-prey interactions, and the export of organic matter.

Our results illustrate the importance of long-term changes in nutrient sources and nutrient stoichiometry at the base of the food web.

Our studies illustrate specific mechanisms through which changes in ocean chemistry (esp. trace metal availability, carbonate chemistry, dissolved oxygen) can influence the spatial patterns of primary and secondary production, as well as affecting the geographic distributions of pelagic animals ranging from the epipelagic to the mesopelagic zone.

Our ocean acidification measurement technologies, which integrate commercial instruments in a new way, will be of benefit to other investigators and laboratories.



The modeling techniques developed as part of this effort are impacting investigators in other geographical regions who apply similar methods of ocean state estimation.

What is the impact on the development of human resources?

We have had extensive impact on the training of PhD students, postdoctoral investigators, REU and other undergraduate students, and technical staff. We have also fostered a culture of collaborative, multi-disciplinary science that will propel a new generation of scientists toward a more cooperative problem-solving approach in the future.

What is the impact on physical resources that form infrastructure?

We have expanded the seagoing and analytical capabilities of several laboratories.

What is the impact on institutional resources that form infrastructure?

We have fostered a scientific culture of collaborative, interactive science.

What is the impact on information resources that form infrastructure?

Our data are posted for widespread use by the scientific community. Model reanalyses will contribute to information resources of regional ocean observing systems.

What is the impact on technology transfer?

Our models and ocean acidification observing technologies in many cases represent the state of the art that will benefit other research groups as well.

What is the impact on society beyond science and technology?

We are stimulating people ranging from school children through undergraduates to consider the impact of ocean ecosystems on their lives and on public policy. In addition, our improved model estimates can eventually help with the management of marine resources (e.g., fisheries) both from the perspective of (a) assessing causes for past environmental conditions influencing changing resources and (b) providing near real-time information for updating management decisions as environmental conditions change.

Changes/Problems

Changes in approach and reason for changeNothing to report.

Actual or Anticipated problems or delays and actions or plans to resolve themNothing to report.

Changes that have a significant impact on expendituresNothing to report.

Significant changes in use or care of human subjectsNothing to report.

Significant changes in use or care of vertebrate animalsNothing to report.

Significant changes in use or care of biohazardsNothing to report.



preview of award 1026607 - annual project reportcce.lternet.edu/docs/1415ccelter_annrpt.pdf ·...

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