Primary funding is provided by

The SPE Foundation through member donations and a contribution from Offshore Europe

The Society is grateful to those companies that allow their professionals to serve as lecturers

Additional support provided by AIME

Society of Petroleum Engineers Distinguished Lecturer Programwww.spe.org/dl

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Improved Recovery and Reduced Cost with Intelligent Interventions

(Make your wells intervention friendly)

Brian Schwanitz Welltec

Society of Petroleum Engineers Distinguished Lecturer Programwww.spe.org/dl 2

Interventions

Introduction: A case for regular interventions

• Unconventional resource wells (shale gas, shale oil, coal gas, etc)

- Have steep declines. Few operators have planned workovers!!

•Intelligent wells are designed to be Intervention-less.

- But is this realistic? They have no plans for workovers!!!

• Why do Subsea wells have 25% – 35% less recovery than platform wells?- Due to less interventions- Wait for wells to die before doing anything

Normal Decline

Years

BPD

3

Agenda

• What is an “Intelligent Intervention”

• The Industry Moves To Electric Line (E-Line)

Mechanical Services

• Examples of Intelligent Interventions

• New Technologies to Watch

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What are Intelligent Interventions?

• Using Electric Line for surface monitor and control - diagnostics

• Interventions that are faster, safer, with smaller footprint, performing more services,

for less cost and risk

• Performing interventions with the well still flowing, rigless, riserless

• Four Companies Offer Electric Line Mechanical Services

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Movement is from Heavy to Lighter, Faster, Interventions

Snubbing/HWO

Coiled Tubing

Electric Line

Any intelligent fool can make things bigger and more complex... It takes a touch of genius - and a lot of courage to move in the opposite direction. Albert Einstein 6

What problems can be solved with E-Line Tools

Cleaning Fill - Vacuum Bailers

Milling Scale

Water shut off - hydraulic stroking tool

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Multilateral Locator

Snubbing/RAS Coiled Tubing WL Tractor RLWI

Interventions by Type

Down hole Tractors

Introduced

Mechanical Services on

Tractors Introduced

Source: Company analysis, Statoil, Norwegian Petroleum DirectorateNote: Riserless Light Well Intervention (subsea well intervention) using tractor technology

More interventions can happen on E-line

Source: 8

Down Hole Tractor

9

4 ½” OD – 17 “

Down Hole Tractor Sizes

4 1/2”

3 1/8”2 1/2”

2 1/8”

Open Hole

CT Tractor

E-Line Hydraulic Stroking Tool

Stroker Tool SizesDiameter: 2-1/8” 3-1/8” 3-1/8” XR 3-3/8” XSLength: 15.3 ft 15 ft 22 ft 13.7 ftWeight: 180 lbs 220 lbs 240 lbs 250 lbsStroke Force 12,000 lbs 20,000 lbs 20,000 lbs 33,000 lbs Completion ID 2.2 – 3.2” 3.2 - 6.85” 3.2 - 6.85” 3.45 - 6.85” 11

Closed

Open

An Intelligent Shifting Tool

Key Tool SizesDiameter: 2-1/8” 3-1/8” 3-1/2”Length: 12 ft 11 ft 11 ft

Weight: 80 lbs 160 lbs 160 lbs

Pressure: 25 K psi 25 K psi 25 K psi

Temp Rating: 400o F 400o F 400o F

Completion ID: 2.4 – 5.5” 3.2 – 5.7” 3.6 – 6.2”12

Surface read-out (position & force)

Sleeve starts to move

Key releasing sleeve

Shear pins break

Sleeve is moving

Stroker arm fully extended

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System Integration Test (SIT) to shift ICV

Hydraulic key tool

Left to right: Tractor, Stroker, Key tools

E-line tools inside ICV 14

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Animation – Shifting a Sliding Sleeve

Vacuum cleaning in liquid filled pipe

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Animation - Cleaning Fill Off a Ball Valve

Cleaning in a Dry Gas Well

E-Line Tractor combined with cork screw bailer

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E-Line Milling Tool Features

• Always run in conjunction with a Tractor or Stroker• Removes scales, cement, valves, nipple profiles, plugs, etc• Near bit stabilizer may improve drilling rate• Involves much planning and often pre-job testing

Milling Tool FeaturesDiameter: 2-1/2” 3-1/2” *Length: 10 ft 10.4–12.2 ftWeight: 70 lbs 95 lbsPressure: 25,000psi 25,000psiTemp Rating: 400°F 400°FCompletion ID: 2.6 in 3.6 in*Tensile Strength: 36,000lbs 42,000 lbsComp. Strength: 30,000 lbs 50,000 lbs

*3-1/8” Well Miller and RCB also available

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Animation – Milling Scale

Tractor + Scale Miller well flowing

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Animation – Milling and Cleaning – same run

Surface Test: Drill thru Cement Plug

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Video – Cutting Pipe

Pipe Sizes 4” – 5 ½”

4.5” tubing retrieval for Sakhalin EnergyDepth Comments

2327 Collar

2329 Collar

2333,6 Collar

Force > 10,000N (2248lbs) Proposed coeffi cient of friction = 0.25Force required to "lift" cutter free = 562 lbs

2341 Cut Depth

2346 Collar

2350 packer

9 5/8" Casing

4 1/2" Tubing

Very fine debris

New Technologies to watch that will make a difference

E-Wireline operated ICV`s and frac ports

E-Line Setting of Internal Patch

• Better measurements to assess problems

• Fiber Optics data acquisition when needed

• Simple wells can be made ‘smart’ at a later date

• Set metal expandable patches– E-line and CT

• More mechanical services; stroke, clean and mill

Fiber Optic cable

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Relative Cost of Interventions/Workovers

Land Platform Offshore Rig

RLWI

Rel

ati

ve

Co

st

Subsea Interventions have biggest need for cost reductions

Riserless Light Well Interventions (RLWI) have large impact on subsea wells

• Reduced operation cost• Reduced operating time • Reduced HSE risks

Enables more frequent interventions

Subsea Wells

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Source:

One North Sea platform production by source

BBL/day

Note: Year not disclosed for confidentiality reasons

Light Well Interventions gave a 39,000 bbls/day increase

Keeping up production through regular Interventions

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Intervention Strategy with the Future in Mind

• Design intervention friendly completions:

- Minimize ID restrictions, which limit options to

- Accommodate new technologies

- Be aware of developments in the “pipeline”Fiber optics, metal to metal patches, wireless robotics,ICD’s when needed, etc.

• Accurate diagnostic data is imperative -Must know the problem to solve the problem-Avoid “fixing” something that’s not broke

• The Correct Intervention Strategy :-CT for handling pumping jobs-E-Line for data collecting, selective cleaning, shifting, milling -Riserless workovers (subsea)-Have contingencies planned and tested before completion

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Questions

Thank you for your time