Models of Community

Development

Community Development A Social Justice Model Jim Ife and Frank Tesoriero (2006)

!   Addressing structural disadvantage

!   Empowerment

!   Identifying the need

!   Human Rights

!   Valuing local knowledge, culture,

resources, skills and processes

Community Development An Ecological Model Jim Ife and Frank Tesoriero (2006) !   Holistic

!   Sustainability

!   Diversity

!   Developmental

!   Consider all aspects of community life

What about the Process?

!   Process V’s Outcome

!   Participation - working in partnership with

the community

!   Inclusiveness and Cooperation

!   Community Building

!  Give the process TIME

Community Participation Continuum

Level of Participation Description

High Has control Organisation asks the community to identify the problem and make all key decisions on goals and means.

Delegated control Organisation identifies the problem, and asks community to make some decisions based on their plan

Plans jointly Organisation presents a tentative plan, and are open to advice from those affected

Advises Organisation presents a plan / program and invites questions

Are consulted Organisation tries to promote a plan / program, asks for feedback, but may or may not use the feedback

Receives information Organisation makes a plan and announces it. Community is convened so the information can be shared

Low None Community is told nothing

What does this mean in our work?

!   Relationship based – trust & respect

!   Support community to identify the needs

!   Community ownership

!   Valuing local knowledge, skills &

experience

!   Interconnectedness

!   Using multiple strategies

Example of Community Development in practice

Young Women’s Soccer Program

!   Women from the Somali community identified the need “We want our GIRLS to play soccer and represent our community”

!   Community meetings and support

!   Culturally appropriate program

!   Partnerships with other organisations

!   Driven by the young women

!   Links to SA Women’s Clubs

!   Commitment from partner

agencies for the past 7 years

Example of Community Development in practice

It’s not all about Soccer...... !   Leadership opportunities for young women through training

!   Peer Educators planed a workshop series

!   Safe environment to talk about topics such as sexual health,

relationships, family, drugs and alcohol, mental health,

nutrition and culture

!   Young women began

accessing services

!   One Peer Educator

gained employment

in the program

Community Development Roles

!  The Facilitator

!  The Teacher

!  The Organiser

!   Information Sharing