PRINCIPLES & ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

PRINCIPLES & ELEMENTS OF DESIGNSUBARNA SADHUB.ARCH- 1ST YEAR (DAY)ELEMENTSLineTypesVertical Represents dignity, formality, stability, and strengthHorizontal Represents calm, peace, and relaxationDiagonal Represents action, activity, excitement, and movementCurved Represents freedom, the natural, having the appearance of softness, and creates a soothing feeling or mood

Vertical line

Horizontal Lines

Diagonal Lines

Curved Lines

ColourColor has an immediate and profound effect on a design.Colors can affect how humans feel and act

Warm ColorsReds, oranges, yellowsCool ColorsBlues, purples, greens

Form and ShapeForm: (3D)The shape and structure of something as distinguished from its substance or material.

Shape: (2D)The two-dimensional contour that characterizes an object or area.

SpaceBy incorporating the use of space in design, one can enlarge or reduce the visual space.

TypesOpen, uncluttered spacesCramped, busy spacesUnused vs. good use of space

PRINCIPLESBalanceParts of the design are equally distributed to create a sense of stability. Both physical and visual balance exist.

TypesSymmetrical or formal balanceAsymmetrical or informal balanceRadial balanceVertical balanceHorizontal balance

RhythmRepeated use of line, shape, color, texture or patternTypesRegular rhythmGraduated rhythmRandom rhythmGradated rhythm

EmphasisThe feature in a design that attracts ones eye the focal point Emphasis can be achieved through size, placement, shape, color, and/or use of lines

Proportion & ScaleComparative relationships between elements in a design with respect to size

3:5 ratio is known as the Golden Mean

ContrastNoticeably different

Can be created withColorProportion and scaleShapeTextureEtc.

UnityUnity is achieved by the consistent use of lines, color, material, and/or texture within a design.