Processing a Written Text

Ways of Thinking Systems of Strategic Actions for Processing Written Texts

ThinkingWithinthe Text

ThinkingBeyondthe Text

ThinkingAbout

the Text

Solving Words

Monitoring andCorrectingSearching for andUsing InformationSummarizing

MaintainingFluencyAdjusting

QuestioningPredicting

MakingConnections

• Personal• World• Text

Inferring

Synthesizing

QuestioningAnalyzing

Critiquing

Questioning

Using a range of strategies to take words apart and understandwhat words mean.Checking whether reading sounds right, looks right, and makessense, and working to solve problems.Searching for and using all kinds of information in a text.

Putting together and remembering important information anddisregarding irrelevant information while reading.Integrating sources of information in a smoothly operatingprocess that results in expressive, phrased reading.Reading in different ways as appropriate to the purpose forreading and type of text.Readers ask themselves questions to help clarify confusions.Using what is known to think about what will follow whilereading continuous text.Searching for and using connections to knowledge gainedthrough personal experiences, learning about the world, andreading other texts.

Going beyond the literal meaning of a text to think about what isnot stated but is implied by the writer.Putting together information from the text and from the reader'sown background knowledge in order to create newunderstandings.Readers ask themselves questions to push out new thinking.Examining elements of a text to know more about how it isconstructed and noticing aspects of the writer's craft.Evaluating a text based on the reader's personal, world, or textknowledge and thinking critically about the ideas hi it.Readers ask questions and consider information and opinionsfrom other readers.

Literacy Components for Reading Instruction

SAMPLE

Narrative Text StructuresA. SettingB. CharacterizationC. Problem/Solution

D. PlotMain Idea & Supporting DetailsConflictRoadblocksMain Events

Literary CraftA. Cause and EffectB. Point of ViewC. Similes and MetaphorD. MoodE. Fact and OpinionF. PersonificationG. FlashbackH. ForeshadowingI. Use of humor, sarcasm & imagery

Non-fiction Text StructuresA. Description or listB. Sequence or time orderC. Compare and ContrastD. Cause and EffectE. Problem and SolutionF. Fact and OpinionG. Central Idea

Non-fiction Text Features

Reading Skills & Strategies

SUSTAINING STRATEGIESA. Solving Words:

• Common word patterns• Using context clues• Infer word meanings• Using root words and affixes• Using reference sources

B. Activate Prior Knowledge and PredictC. FluencyD. Adjusting Reading RateE. Monitoring & CorrectingF. Information Gathering

EXPANDING STRATEGIESA. Reciprocal Teaching:

(Clarifying, QuestioningSummarizing, Predicting)

B. Making ConnectionsC. VisualizingD. Making InferencesE. Determining ImportanceF. AnalyzingG. Drawing ConclusionsH. Synthesizing