PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT and DIRECTION (Part 2)

DIRECTION

Camera SHOTS categories: PROPORTION of the object NUMBER of people in the frame MOVEMENT of the camera Movement of the SUBJECT with respect

to the frame POSITION of the camera with respect

to the subject FUNCTION in the Cinematic sequence.

PROPORTION of the object

PROPORTION of the object

NUMBER of people in the frame ONE-shot TWO-shot GROUP-shot CROWD-shot

MOVEMENT of the camera ZOOM (in/out) shot

MOVEMENT of the camera PANORAMIC/PANNING (pan left/right)

shot

MOVEMENT of the camera SWISH PAN shot

MOVEMENT of the camera TILT (up/down) shot

MOVEMENT of the camera DOLLY (in/out) shot

MOVEMENT of the camera RUNNING/TRUCKING (truck left/right)

shot

MOVEMENT of the camera FOLLOWING shot

MOVEMENT of the camera WALKING shot

MOVEMENT of the camera CRANE shot

Movement of the SUBJECT with respect to the frame Run-Through Shot

Movement of the SUBJECT with respect to the frame Walk-Through Shot

Movement of the SUBJECT with respect to the frame Fall-Through Shot

POSITION of the camera with respect to the subject LOW-ANGLE shot

POSITION of the camera with respect to the subject HIGH-ANGLE shot

POSITION of the camera with respect to the subject AERIAL shot

Function in the CINEMATIC Sequence ESTABLISHING shot

Function in the CINEMATIC Sequence MASTER shot

Function in the CINEMATIC Sequence REVERSE shot

Function in the CINEMATIC Sequence REACTION shot

Function in the CINEMATIC Sequence INSERT shot

Function in the CINEMATIC Sequence POINT-OF-VIEW shot

Function in the CINEMATIC Sequence POINT-OF-VIEW shot

Function in the CINEMATIC Sequence CUT-AWAY shot JUMP CUT

Function in the CINEMATIC Sequence

LEAD-IN shot

DON’T SHOOT, when… TOO MUCH/LESS HEADROOM

DON’T SHOOT, when… RULE-OF-THIRDS

DON’T SHOOT, when… SCENE STEALER

DON’T SHOOT, when… MUTILATING YOUR SHOTS

VISUALIZATION CUES

Director’s TerminologyDirector’s Terminology

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Headroom or tilt up

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Center it or Pan left

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Pan left

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Pan right

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Tilt up

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Tilt down

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Pedestal up or Crane

up

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Pedestal down or Crane

down

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Dolly in

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Dolly out

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Zoom in or tighter

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Zoom out or looser

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Truck right or center

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Visualization Cues) Arc left

FLOOR DIRECTOR

Director’s Cues to theDirector’s Cues to the

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Cues to Floor Director) “Move talent to camera

left”

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Cues to Floor Director) “Move talent to camera

right”

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Cues to Floor Director) “Have talent turn toward camera, face

camera or turn in”

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Cues to Floor Director) “Have the woman turn to her left”

DIRECTOR’s terminology (Cues to Floor Director) “Turn the object counterclockwise”

TIME CUESFloor Director’s CuesFloor Director’s Cues

Floor Director’s CUES (time cues)

STANDBY

Meaning: Show about to start

How: Extends hand above head

Floor Director’s CUES (time cues)

CUE

Meaning : Show goes on the air

How : Points to performer or live camera

Floor Director’s CUES (time cues)

ON TIME

Meaning : Go ahead as planned (On the nose)

How : Touches nose with forefinger

Floor Director’s CUES (time cues)

SPEED UP

Meaning : Accelerate what you are doing. You are going too slowly.

How : Rotates hand clockwise with extended forefinger. Urgency of speed up is indicated by fast or slow rotation

Floor Director’s CUES (time cues)

STRETCH

Meaning : Slow down. Too much time left. Fill until emergency is over.

How : Stretches imaginary rubber band between hands.

Floor Director’s CUES (time cues)

WIND UP (WRAP UP) Meaning : Finish up

what you are doing. Come to an end.

How : Similar motion to speed up, but usually with extended arm above head. Sometimes expressed with raised fist, goodbye wave, or hands rolling over each other as if wrapping a package.

Floor Director’s CUES (time cues)

CUT

Meaning : Stop speech or action immediately.

How : Pulls index finger in knifelike motion across throat.

Floor Director’s CUES (time cues)

5 (4,3,2,1) minute(s)

Meaning : 5 (4,3,2,1) minute(s) left until end of show.

How : Holds up five (four, three, two, one) finger(s) or small card with number on it.

Floor Director’s CUES (time cues)

1/2 minute

Meaning : 30 seconds left in show.

How : Forms a cross with two index fingers or arms. Or holds card with number.

Floor Director’s CUES (time cues)

15 seconds

Meaning : 15 seconds left in show.

How : Shows fist (which can also mean wind up). Or holds card with number.

Floor Director’s CUES (time cues)

ROLL VTR (and countdown) 2-1 Take VTR

Meaning : VTR is rolling. Tape is coming up.

How : Holds extended left hand in front of face, moves right hand in cranking motion. Extends two, one finger(s); clinches fist or gives cut signal.

DIRECTIONAL CUESFloor Director’s CuesFloor Director’s Cues

Floor Director’s CUES (directional cues)

CLOSER

Meaning : Performer must come closer or bring object closer to camera.

How : Moves both hands toward self palms in.

Floor Director’s CUES (directional cues)

BACK

Meaning : Performer must step back or move object away from camera.

How : Uses both hands in pushing motion, palms out.

Floor Director’s CUES (directional cues)

WALK

Meaning : Performer must move to next performing area.

How : Makes a walking motion with index and middle fingers in direction of movement.

Floor Director’s CUES (directional cues)

STOP

Meaning : Stop right here. Do not move any more.

How : Extends both hands in front of body, palms out.

Floor Director’s CUES (directional cues)

OK

Meaning : Very well done. Stay right there. Do what you are doing.

How : Forms an “O” with thumb and forefinger, other fingers extended, motioning toward talent.

AUDIO CUESFloor Director’s CuesFloor Director’s Cues

Floor Director’s CUES (audio cues)

SPEAK UP

Meaning : Performer is talking too softly for present conditions.

How : Cups both hands behind ears or moves hand upwards, palm up.

Floor Director’s CUES (audio cues)

TONE DOWN

Meaning : Performer is too loud or too enthusiastic for the occasion.

How : Moves both hands toward studio floor, palms down, or puts extended forefinger over mouth in shhh-like motion.

Floor Director’s CUES (audio cues)

CLOSER TO MIC

Meaning : Performer is too far away from mic for good audio pickup.

How : Moves hand toward face.

Floor Director’s CUES (audio cues)

KEEP TALKING

Meaning : Keep on talking until further cues.

How : Extends thumb and forefinger horizontally, moving them like a bird beak.