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65521cs_FHS_ArchRecrd.indd 1 8/20/09 9:45:21 PM

65521cs_FHS_ArchRecrd_1-1.pgs 08.20.2009 21:46 BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA CYAN

september 2009

T h e P r o d u c T P u b l i c a T i o n o f T h e u . S . a r c h i T e c T u r a l m a r k e T

achieving leed Research & Development FacilityNorthern Arizona University

project deconstruction Sheila C. Johnson Design Center

trend lines Acoustics and Sound Control

California State University, College of Education Building, San Bernardino, Calif.

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for higher educationproducts + Materials market of choice:

For a number of universities green design is translating to green cash as many grants are tied to LEED certification. Developers in public-private ventures, too, are realizing the ROI sustainably designed buildings can deliver.

Circle 135

ArchitecturAl Products September 2009

surface abrasion

indention resistance

soft body impact

hard body impact

clarifica-tion level

max. in. max. in. min ft-lbs min ft-lbs

1 0.126 0.150 90 50

2 0.059 0.100 195 100

3 0.010 0.050 300 150

Demand for healthier and safer schools that promote

better learning environments continues to rise during this

time of increased focus on sustainability. Specifying build-

ing materials for today’s new schools involves following

a set of stringent codes and standards, such as LEED for

Schools, GreenGuard, International Building Code (IBC)

and various municipal, state and federal building codes.

Generally speaking, GreenGuard certification of a

gypsum board or finishing product guarantees it has

low VOCs and helps contribute toward LEED for Schools’

Indoor Environmental Quality Credit. When specifying

gypsum sheathing and gypsum board products for school

construction, there are four main performance attributes

to evaluate—moisture and mold resistance, fire resistance,

abuse resistance, and acoustic control.

moisture & mold resistanceMoisture and mold protection help promote healthy indoor

air quality. Properly protecting a building from moisture

and the resulting mold growth starts with the exterior

walls, of which sheathing is an integral part. Manufactured

with a water- and fire-resistant core, gypsum sheathing is

versatile, economical and durable, and is designed for use

as a substrate under exterior wall claddings in any climate.

on spec

by Angie Allmon, MBA, CSI Product Manager for ProRoc products,

CertainTeed Gypsum, Tampa, Fla.

GypsumGoestotheHeadoftheClass

The natural noncombustible core of gypsum sheathing

protects the building from fires occurring outside the build-

ing, even when combustible siding covers the sheathing. In

addition, gypsum sheathing has a low flame spread rating

of less than 25. Where a minimum fire resistance rating

is desired or required, specifiers should refer to the UL or

ULC Fire Resistance Directories or GA-600 Fire Resistance

Design Manual for complete information on systems and

component parts used to achieve the necessary fire rating.

In the case of fire-resistance rated building design and

construction, however, the collective components of the

wall assembly determine the fire resistance rating, not the

individual products. CAN/ULC-S101 Fire Endurance Tests

of Building Construction and Materials and ASTM E 119

Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construc-

tion and Materials require that fire endurance tests be

conducted on complete wall assemblies, not only on the

gypsum board itself.

Determining the type of assembly to specify will depend

on a variety of factors, such as the school capacity, number

of sprinklers, and number and location of exits.

abuse resistanceAs important as it is to protect our children from potential

building hazards, such as fire and mold, it’s important to

protect a building from its children and other occupants,

as well. Wherever there are children, there is potential

for a variety of abuse to the interior walls of a structure,

making abuse resistance a top concern for school walls.

The interior walls of a school are frequently subject to such

abuse as the abrasions of backpack buckles, writing imple-

ments, musical instrument cases and students bumping

up against the wall surface. To offer resistance to these

common occurrences, manufacturers in recent years have

developed abuse-resistant gypsum board products.

Abuse-resistant gypsum board is composed of a dense

gypsum core, reinforced by glass fiber, bound in heavy

weight 100% recycled paper. This combination affords

greater resistance to minimize scuffs, dents and scratches

while providing enhanced fire resistance. It is typically

specified in high-traffic areas, such as school corridors.

These abuse-resistant boards are tested for four catego-

ries, as per ASTM C 1629, which indicates how much abuse

and impact they can handle. See Table.

performanceGypsum boards are classified by performance in each of the

abuse categories. Classifications range from 1 to 3, with 3

providing the best performance in that particular category.

A higher classification in all categories is not always neces-

sary depending on the specific application. For example,

an area prone to scuffs and scratches would require

gypsum board with higher classification levels of surface

Hazelgrove Elementary School in Surrey, B.C., Canada

12

ASTMC1629PerformanceRequirements

In addition to fire protection, one of the main functions

of sheathing is to shield the building envelope from wet

weather during the phases of construction before the exte-

rior cladding is installed. The local climate and the project’s

time of year will dictate the length of time gypsum sheath-

ing may be left exposed. It should perform satisfactorily if

exposed to the elements for up to one month.

Enhanced gypsum board products, such as Certain-

Teed’s GlasRoc Exterior Sheathing, excel in such demanding

applications as schools and hospitals. They feature embed-

ded fiberglass mats for superior moisture and mold protec-

tion, an excellent choice when sheathing exposure times

are extended or the region has a moisture-heavy climate.

Moisture and mold protection is equally important in

the interior walls in schools. To reduce the risk of mold

growth, many gypsum board manufacturers treat the

paper on both sides with bio-inhibitors—chemicals that

fight off mold. Some manufacturers completely eliminate

paper in their products, replacing the paper faces with

moisture-resistant fiberglass mats. The current standard

for mold-resistant characteristics of gypsum board is

ASTM D 3273 Standard Test Method for Resistance to

Growth of Mold on the Surface of Interior Coatings in an

Environmental Chamber. This standard measures the

ability of the drywall product to resist mold and mildew

growth under certain prescribed moisture conditions.

fire resistanceFire resistance is a vital factor influencing many school

design specifications. A naturally fire-resistant mineral,

gypsum has become a leading construction material for

this purpose in the walls of schools. For enhanced fire resis-

tance, choose Type X or Type C gypsum board products,

which are modified to have more enhanced fire-resistive

properties than basic gypsum board.

Circle 43

abrasion and indentation resistance. Locations prone to

impact from children or objects, such as backpacks bump-

ing into the walls, however, will require gypsum board with

higher classification levels of soft- and hard-body impact.

It’s important to be aware of the application before specify-

ing minimum abuse requirements.

acoustic controlReducing sound transmission and speech intelligibility are

important in the learning environment. Students need to

be isolated from noisy hallways and adjacent classrooms

giving them a reasonably quiet environment for listening

and thinking.

According to the American National Standard Acoustical

Performance Criteria, Design Requirements, and Guidelines

for Schools, a minimum STC rating is required for single or

composite wall, floor-ceiling, and roof-ceiling assemblies

that separate either an enclosed core learning space or ancil-

lary space from an adjacent space.

To achieve higher STC requirements, wall and floor ceil-

ing designs should include such components as insulation,

resilient channels, heavier gypsum board or even spe-

cialty acoustic-dampening gypsum board products. Also,

planning of ceiling finishes to reduce reverberation in the

classroom will help students to hear their teachers and to

maintain a peaceful study environment.

an exampleLast year, British Columbia School District No. 36 hired Pro-

Can Construction Group Inc. of Burnaby, B.C., Canada, to

build Hazelgrove Elementary School in Surrey, B.C., which

will eventually serve 600 students. Pro-Can subcontracted

the sheathing, metal stud drywall, insulation, and acousti-

cal wall and ceiling installation to Phoenix Lath & Plaster

Ltd., of Surrey.

Phoenix Lath & Plaster installed 24,000 sq. ft. of Certain-

Teed GlasRoc exterior sheathing and applied spray foam

insulation between the sheathing and studs to break the

thermal bridging. Phoenix Lath & Plaster found the GlasRoc

sheathing easy to cut, and noticed fewer airborne fibers

during the process.

Construction completed on Hazelgrove Elementary

School in June, and it will accept students this September

for the 2009-2010 school year.

conclusionThere are many reasons gypsum board and sheathing

products are so prevalent in construction today, especially

with budget-conscious school boards. They give school

boards an excellent value, offering several sustainable

performance attributes for a more reasonable price than

competing materials. Use gypsum products on your next

school project, and go to the head of the class. m

The Cable Connection800-851-2961

775-885-2734 faxE-mail: info@ultra-tec.com

www.ultra-tec.com

The Wagner Companies888-243-6914

414-214-0450 faxE-mail: catalog@mailwagner.com

www.wagnercompanies.com

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