proengineer wildfire tutorials

Pro/E-wildfire Index

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Index

Contents

Chapter 1 - Getting Started -01

Chapter 2 - Sketcher -05

Chapter 3 - The Part Environment -10

Chapter 4 - Datum -60

Chapter 5 - Tools -71

Chapter 6 - Edit Feature -76

Chapter 7 - Surface -80

Chapter 8 - Assembly -96

Chapter 9 - Drafting -116

Pro/E-wildfire Sketcher

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Access: File >New>Sketcher or in part modeling click on Following commands appear on the icon bar Line

Create two point line

Select start point of the line and select end point to decide its length.

Create lines tangent to 2 entities

Select the start point on the arc or circle. Select the end point on the arc or circle. Use middle mouse button to end the command.

Create two point centre lines

Used to define the axis of revolution of a revolved feature. Select start and end point, Pro/ENGINEER creates a Centerline between the two points.

Rectangle

Create rectangle

Place one vertex with the left mouse button and drag the rectangle to the desired size. To place the other vertex, click the left mouse button.

Circle

Circle by picking centre point and point on circle

Pick the point as center point. To decide the radius move the cursor, the circle rubber bands until you press the left mouse to finish.

Create concentric circles

Select a reference circle or an arc to define the center point. As you move the cursor, the circle rubber bands until you press the left mouse to finish

Circle by picking its 3 points

Select three points simultaneously, a circle will pass through these.

Circle tangent to three entities

Select start locations on an arc, circle, or line, select an end location on an arc, circle, or line, Select a third location on an arc, circle, or line.

Sketcher Chapter 2



Create full ellipse

Click the center of the ellipse, Drag the ellipse to the desired shape and click the left mouse button to finish. The dimensions Rx and Ry define the length of the X and Y axis of the ellipse.

Arc

Create an conic arc

Create a 3-point arc by picking its endpoints and an additional point on the arc. To create a tangent arc, pick an endpoint of an existing entity to determine tangency, and then pick a location for the other endpoint of the arc

Create an conic arc

Create a conic arc Pick the first endpoint for the conic using the left mouse button. Pick the second endpoint for the conic using the left mouse button Pick the location for the shoulder using the left mouse button. The conic rubber bands as you move the cursor.

Create concentric arc

Select a reference circle or an arc to define the center point.

Create an arc tangent to 3 entities

Create an arc click 3 references or entities which become tangent to the arc.

Create an arc by picking it’s center

Select center and two points which define arc length.

Fillet

Create circular fillet

The fillet option creates a rounded intersection between any two entities. The size and location of the fillet depends on the pick locations.

Create Elliptic fillet

Select two entitles and enter by middle click you can define X and Y radius.

Spline

Create a spline curve

Clicking number of point curves passes smoothly through that number of intermediate points.



Point

Create a point Click on screen to locate a point.

Create a coordinate system

Click on screen to locate a coordinate system.

Project element

Create an edge from an entity Select surface or edge of existing object.

Create an edges by offsetting an entity

Select surface or edge of existing object and give offset distance.

Dimension

Create a defining dimension

A measurement of an entity or a relationship among entities.

Modify the value of dimension, geometry of spline, or text entities

Select parameters of geometry to modify like value, text etc.

Constraints

Create constraints

Constraints defining the geometry of the entity and the position in the space and relationship among entities.

Text

Create text as part of section

Draw a line which define text height and enter text, which can be used for embossing the letters.

Trim

Dynamically trim section entities

Select entity or drag mouse arrow on the entity with holding left mouse button.

Trim entities(cut or extended)to other entities or geometry

Select entities which carrying edges To cut unwanted parts of the



Divide entity Divide an entity at the point of selection.

Mirror

Mirror select entity and a parting axis to mirror

Scale and rotate Scale and rotate selected entities.

Copy Make a copy of selected entities.

Exit from sketcher

Continue with current session. Exit with current sketch.

Quit the current session. Exit without current sketch.

Constraints

Make a line or two vertices vertical.

Make a line or two vertices horizontal.

Make two entities perpendicular.

Make two entities tangent.

Place a point on the middle of a line.

Make two lines or vertices collinear or point on entity.

Make two points or vertices Symmetric about a centerline.

Creates Equal lengths, equal radii etc.

Make two lines Parallel.

Pro/E-wildfire Part modeling

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The Part Environment Chapter 3

Contents 3.1. Extrude tool 3.2. Revolve tool 3.3. Sweep 3.4. Variable Section Sweeps 3.5. Helical sweep 3.6. Blend 3.7. Swept Blend 3.8. Engineering feature

3.8.1. Hole model 3.8.2. Shell 3.8.3. Rib tool 3.8.4. Draft tool 3.8.5. Round tool 3.8.6. Chamfer tool

3.9. Edit feature 3.9.1. Mirror tool 3.9.2. Merge tool 3.9.3. Trim tool 3.9.4. Pattern tool 3.10. Advanced command

3.10.1. Conic surface and N-side patch 3.10.2. Flattened Quilt 3.10.3. Freeform 3.10.4. Vertex Round 3.10.5. Spinal Bend 3.10.6. Toroidal Bend 3.11. Cosmetic Threads



3.1. Extrude tool: Addition of material normal to sketch.

Access: Insert > Extrude, or click on the Base Features toolbar

Fig 3.1.1. Extrude

• Sections Used for Extrusions:

Menu:

To create sketch- click on the sketch tool from base toolbar, then define the sketching plane or face.

Activate the Extrude tool and sketch a section- To create a section, click the Placement slide-up panel, and then click Define

Sketch

Solid

Surface

Depth

Depth Value

Flip direction

Cut

Thin

Thickness Value

Flip direction of Thin



- Extrude from the sketching plane by specified depth value

- Extrude on both side of sketching plane

- Extrude up to selected point, plane, curve, plane or surface.

• Completion of command:

Closes the feature tool, without saving

Applies and save changes you have made in the feature tool and then closes the tool dashboard

Enters a mode where you may view the attached geometry. To exit verify mode, press the button again.

Pause current tool, so that you may use one or more of the asynchronous tools, Resume the tool by pressing resume button

Technical tips:

• For solid protrusion Sketch must be closed

• Nested sketches should be avoided

# same command is used for the following option

Extruded Solid Protrusion with an assigned thickness (Thickened)

Extruded Cut, created with Through Next

Extruded Surface

• Depth options:



3.2 Revolve tool: Revolve tool allows we to create a revolved geometry as a solid or surface, and to add or remove material.

Access: Insert > Revolve or click on the Base Features toolbar or click

Fig. 3.1 Revolve 3.2.1. Revolve menu:

3.2.2 The dialog bar consist same options which are used in Extrude tool Refer page (11) #similarly we can create following module using Revolve tool:

with an assigned thickness

Revolved Cut Revolved Surface

Table 3.2.1

Axis selection

Axis

Profile



3.3 Sweep: A sweep feature is created by sketching or selecting a trajectory and then sketching a section to follow along it.

Access: Click Insert > Sweep > Protrusion. Steps:

1. The PROTRUSION: Sweep dialog box opens and the SWEEP TRAJ menu appears.

2. Click Sketch Traj to sketch the directory or Select Traj to select the

directory. Sketch Traj—Sketch the sweep trajectory using Sketcher mode. Select Traj—Select a chain of existing curves or edges as the sweep trajectory. The CHAIN menu allows you to select the desired trajectory.

3. If the trajectory is open (the start and end points of the trajectory do not touch and you are creating a solid sweep, click one of the following ATTRIBUTES commands, then click Done.

Fig.3.3.1 Sweep

Section

Trajectory



a) Merge Ends: Merge the ends of the sweep, if possible, into the adjacent solid. To do this, the sweep endpoint must be attached to part geometry.

b) Free Ends: Do not attach the sweep end to adjacent geometry.

4. If the sweep trajectory is closed, click one of the following SWEEP OPT menu commands and then click Done:

• Add Inn Fcs: for open sections, adds top and bottom faces to close the swept solid (planar, closed trajectory, and open section). The resulting feature consists of surfaces created by sweeping the section and has two planar surfaces that cap the open ends.

• No Inn Fcs: Do not add top and bottom faces.

Technical tips:

Closed Trajectory, Add Inn Fcs. Section must be open fig.(a) Closed Trajectory, No Inn Fcs. Section must be closed fig.(b)

.

fig. (a) Fig 3.3.3. Closed and open Profile fig. (b)

Free end Merge end

Fig.3.3.2 Free and merge



3.4 Variable Section Sweeps:

It allows varying the single section along multiple trajectories.

With the Variable Section Sweep feature, we can create a solid or surface feature. We add or remove material while sweeping a section along one or more selected trajectories by controlling the section’s orientation, rotation, and geometry. We can create a sweep using a constant section or a variable section. Access: Insert > Variable Section Sweep. 3.4.1 Menu:

Steps:

1. Select the origin trajectory. 2. Open the Variable Section Sweep tool. 3. Add trajectories as required. 4. Specify the section plane and the horizontal and vertical direction controls. 5. Sketch a section for sweeping. 6. Preview geometry and complete the feature.

Origin trajectory

Chain trajectory

Cut

Solid Edit section

Thin Change direction of material

Surface

Fig 3.4.1 Variable section sweep



Slide-up Panels: • References:

Trajectories Collector: Displays the trajectory that we selected as the origin and allows us to specify types of trajectories. Details: Opens the Chain dialog box so we can modify the chain properties.

Section Plane Control: Determines how the section plane is oriented. 1. Normal to Trajectory: Moving frame is always normal to a specified trajectory. 2. Normal to Projection: Y axis of moving frame is parallel to a specified direction and Z axis is tangent to the projection of the original trajectory along the specified direction. The direction reference collector allows we to add or delete references. 3. Constant Normal Direction: Z axis of moving frame is parallel to a specified direction. The direction reference collector allows we to add or delete references.

Horizontal/Vertical Control: Determines how the frame rotation around the sketch plane's normal is controlled along the variable section sweep.

• Options: Select variable or constant sweeps, cap end, merge end

• Tangency: Selection and control of surfaces with tangent trajectories.

None: disable the tangent trajectory. Selected: manually specify tangent surfaces for the sweep section

Access: Click Insert > Helical Sweep The trajectory is defined by both the profile of the surface of revolution

(which defines the distance from the section origin of the helical feature to its axis of revolution) and the pitch (the distance between coils). The trajectory and the surface of revolution are construction tools that do not appear in the resulting geometry.

Helical Sweep is available for both solid and surface features.

• Constant: The pitch is constant. • Variable: The pitch is variable and defined by a graph. • Thru Axis: The cross section lies in a plane that passes through the axis

of revolution.

3.5 Helical sweep: Sweep a section along a helical trajectory.



• Norm To Traj: The cross section is oriented normal to the trajectory (or surface of revolution).

• Right Handed: The trajectory is defined using the right- hand rule. • Left Handed: The trajectory is defined using the left-hand rule.

A) Steps for a Helical Sweep with a Constant Pitch Value: Choose Constant Pitch & Right Handed from the ATTRIBUTES menu, then choose Done.

1. Sketch Trajectory (Profile) along which Cross-Section will be going to sweep &Axis of Revolution.

Sketch, dimension, and regenerate

the profile. Follow these rules: • The sketched entities must form an open loop. • We must sketch a centerline to define the axis of revolution.

• The profile entities must not have a tangent that is normal to the centerline at any point.

• The profile starting point defines the sweep trajectory starting point. We can modify the starting point using the options Sec Tools and Start Point

2. When we have finished sketching the Profile, choose Done from the

SKETCHER menu. 3. Enter the pitch value (the distance between the coils). 4. Pro/ENGINEER places we in Sketcher mode to sketch the cross section that

will be swept along the trajectory. Sketch the cross section based about the visible cross hairs.

5. When the cross section is finished, choose Done from the SKETCHER menu.

B) Steps for a Helical Sweep with a Variable Pitch Value.

Fig.3.5.1 Helical Sweep



1. Choose Variable Pitch & Right Handed from the ATTRIBUTES menu, and then choose Done.

2. Sketch Trajectory (Profile) along which Cross-Section will be going to sweep & Axis of Revolution. While in the profile section, sketch points to be used as the control points in the Pitch graph. These control points define how the pitch value changes along the axis of revolution. To sketch points, choose Sketch, Point, then select points on the profile geometry and dimension them. It is easier to dimension the control points if we put them on the centerline that defines the axis of revolution.

3. After we regenerate the profile sketch successfully, choose Done from

the SKETCHER menu.

4. Enter pitch values at the trajectory start and end.

5. While the profile section is displayed in the original window, the system displays a Sub window with the initial pitch graph in it.

6. Finalize the graph by transferring the pitch control points from the

profile sketch Onto the graph. Choose Define from the GRAPH menu.

7. After the graph is defined, choose Done/Return from the DEFINE

GRAPH menu. To check the graph data, choose Info in the GRAPH menu. The system displays the Information Window with the pitch data table.

8. Choose Done from the GRAPH menu.

Sweep profile

Section

Points of varying pitch

Pitch graph Fig.3.5.2Variable pitch



9. Pro/ENGINEER places us in Sketcher mode to sketch the cross

section that will be swept along the trajectory. Sketch, dimension, and regenerate the cross section.

10. When we have finished chooses Done.

Access: Insert>Blend Types of Blend:

• Parallel: all blend sections lie on parallel planes in one section sketch.

• Rotational: Blend sections are rotated about the Y-axis, up to a maximum of 120 degrees. Each section is sketched individually and located using the coordinate system of the section.

• General: In general blend section can be rotated about and translated along the X-, Y-, and Z-axes. Each section is sketched individually, and aligned using the coordinate system of the section.

After opening the blend option click one of the following commands from the BLEND OPTS menu, then click Done.

Regular Sec: it uses the section from sketching plane.

Project Sec: the feature uses the projection of the section on the selected surface. This option is used for parallel blends only.

Select Sec: Select section entities. This option is not available for parallel blends.

Sketch Sec: Sketch section entities.

3.6 Blend: A blend is a feature consists of a series of at least two planar sections

that join together at their edges with transitional surfaces to form a continuous



• Steps for Parallel Blend: 1. Choose Parallel options from the BLEND OPTS menu, then Done.

2. Choose either Straight or Smooth from the ATTRIBUTES menu.

3. Create the first Subsection Using Sketcher. You determine the

direction of feature creation as you set up the sketching plane.

4. A parallel blend requires more than one subsection. To continue creating other subsections, choose Sketch > Feature Tools > Toggle Section.

5. When the first subsection is toggled it turns gray and becomes inactive.

6. Sketch the second subsection. Make sure its starting point corresponds to

the starting point of the first by selecting the Start Point from the Right Click menu. Dimension the subsection.

7. Exit the sketcher after defining the required no. of profiles. Specify the

Depth element.

9. Choose OK from the dialog box.

Technical tips:

• All sections should have equal number of entities. • When your first section is completed, draw second section by toggling

first one

Section

Start point

Fig 3.6.1. Parallel blend



• Steps for Rotational Blend: 1. Choose Rotational from BLEND OPTIONS menu.

2. Choose Attribute from ATTRIBUTES menu, then choose Done.

The choices are as follows: Smooth Straight Open Closed

3. Use Sketch Sec to sketch the sections of the blend, or Select Sec to select Three-dimensional entities. When sketching the section, add a coordinate system using

4. For sketched sections, first enter the Y-axis rotation angle for the next

section. After regenerating the section, the system displays a separate window for you to sketch the next section. After sketching and regenerating the section, choose Done from the SKETCHER menu. The system prompts you whether to continue to the next section. If you reply “yes, repeat this step until you are done with all the sections.

5. If you are creating a smooth blend and selected Tangency in the dialog box,

create the blend with surfaces tangent to adjacent geometry. 6. When you have sketched or selected all sections, select OK in the dialog box

to create the feature.

Section 1, 2, 3

Coordinate system

Fig 3.6.2. Rotational Blend



Technical tips: • All sections should have equal number of entity. • Don’t forget to place coordinate system. • We can take point as a section

• General Blend:

Steps are same as in rotational blend but here you have a choice to give rotation angle about any one or more of all the three axes. #Similar options for Blend-Thin Protrusion, Blend-Cut, Blend-Thin cutout.

Blend-Thin Protrusion

Blend-Cut

Blend-Thin cutout

Table 3.6.1

Fig 3.6.3. General blend



3.7.Swept Blend: A swept blend requires a single trajectory (the Origin Trajectory) and

multiple sections along it.

Access: Insert>swept Blend. To define the Origin Trajectory of the swept blend, you can either sketch a

curve or select a chain of datum curves or edges.

OPTION DEFINITION

NrmToOriginTraj The section plane remains normal to the Origin Trajectory throughout its length. The generic Sweep behaves this way.

Norm To Traj Two trajectories must be selected to determine the location and orientation of the section. The Origin Trajectory determines the origin of the section along the length of the feature. The section plane remains normal to the Normal Trajectory along the length of the feature.

Pivot Direction The section plane remains normal to the Origin Trajectory as it is viewed along the Pivot Direction. The upward direction of the section remains parallel to the Pivot Direction.

Table3.7.1 Click Insert>Swept Blend and then click the type of swept blend you want. The BLEND OPTS menu appears.

Trajectory

Section 1

Section 2 fig. 3.7.1.Swept Blend – Normal to original trajectory



#similar options are used for Swept Blend-Thin protrusion, Swept Blend-cut, Swept Blend-Thin cutout

Trajectory

Section -2

Section -1

Swept Blend-Pivot Direction

Pivot Plane

Fig. 3.7.2. swept blend Pivot direction

Section 1 Section 2

Normal trajectory

Origin trajectory

Swept Blend -Normal to traj

Fig. 3.7.2. swept blend- Pivot direction



8. Engineering Feature

Access: Insert >Hole, or click Engineering Features toolbar We add holes by defining a placement reference, setting secondary

(offset) references, and defining the specific characteristics of the hole. Menu:

`

The following Straight hole options are available only for Sketched holes:

• Enables we to use an existing sketched profile (sketched section) to

create a Sketched hole.

• Opens Sketcher enabling we to create a hole profile (sketched

section) for the new Sketched

3.8.1 Hole model: The Hole tool enables we to add simple, custom, and industry-standard holes to the models.

Straight hole

Hole profile box

Standard hole

Diameter box

Depth option

Depth Value



Standard Holes:

This menu appear while selecting shape option in the hole window Displays the Standard hole options enabling we to create holes using industry-standard thread data.

Placement Slide-up Panel: 1) Reference collector: contains the primary placement reference that we selected to place the hole. 2) Secondary references table: contains the secondary placement (offset) reference information for the Straight or Standard hole enabling we to constrain the hole.

Placement type box:

o Linear: Places the hole on a surface by using

two linear dimensions. This type is available if we select a planar, cylindrical, or conical solid surface; or a datum plane as the primary placement reference.

Reference collector Secondary

collector

Fig 3.8.1.1. Placement of hole

Fig3.8.1.2. Linear



Radial: Places the hole by using a

linear and an angular dimension. This type is available if we select a planar, cylindrical, or conical solid surface; or a datum plane as the primary placement reference.

Diameter: Places the hole by rotating the hole around a diameter reference. This placement type uses an axis in addition to linear and angular dimensions.

• Coaxial: Places the hole at the intersection of an axis and a surface. This

placement type uses a linear and axial reference. This type is available if we select a surface, datum plane, or axis as the primary placement reference.

Axis

Fig3.7.1.3. Radial

Fig3.7.1.4. Diameter

AxisHole

Fig3.8.1.5. Coaxial



• On Point: aligns the hole to a datum point that is located on or offset from a surface. The type does not require secondary placement references. This placement type is available only if we select a datum point as the primary placement reference.

Shortcut menu commands:

• Remove: Removes the selected reference or the reference indicator from the active collector.

• Remove All: removes all references from the active collector. • Information: Opens the INFORMATION WINDOW to display detailed

reference information pertaining to the selected reference in the collector.

Technical tips:

Hole Features vs Cut Features • Hole features use a predefined placement scheme that can be

more desirable than the dimensioning scheme of the cut. • Simple Straight holes and Standard holes do not require a sketch

unlike cut features

3.8.2 Shell: The Shell feature makes the solid body inside hollow and gives shell of a specified wall thickness with or without removing the surfaces of the body.

PointHole

Fig3.8.1.6. On Point



Access: Insert >Hole, or click Engineering Features toolbar If we do not select a surface to remove, a "closed" shell is created, with

the whole inside of the part hollowed out and no access to the hollow. In this case, we can later add the necessary cuts or holes to achieve proper geometry.

When Pro/ENGINEER makes the shell, all the features that were added to the solid before we created the Shell feature are hollowed out. Therefore, the order of feature creation is very important when we use Shell.

Menu:

• The Thickness combo box: Lets we change the value for default shell

thickness. We can type the new value, or select one of the recently used values from the drop-down list.

• Lets we flip the side that the shell is created. It add thickness inside or outside of the surface body

Slide-up Panels:

Removed surfaces

Non-default thickness

Fig.3.8.2.2 Shell



The Shell dashboard displays the following slide-up panels: References: Contains the collectors of references used in the Shell feature. Properties: Contains the feature name and an icon to access feature information.

The References slide-up panel contains the following elements:

• The Removed surfaces collector: Lets we select the surfaces to be removed. If we do not select any surfaces, a "closed" shell is created, with the whole inside of the part hollowed out and no access to the hollow. • The Non-default thickness collector: Lets we select surfaces where we want to assign a different thickness. For each surface included in this collector, we can specify an individual thickness value.

Access: Insert > Rib or Clicking on the feature toolbar Typically, ribs are designed to strengthen parts in your design and are

often used to prevent unwanted bending. The Rib tool enables you to quickly develop both simple and complex rib features. You can enter the rib feature tool by either:

3.8.3 Rib tool: A Rib feature is a thin fin or web protrusion that attaches to

solid surfaces in your design.

Fig 3.8.3.1. Rib



Menu: Steps:

1. Select sketching plane 2. Draw sketch of rib 3. Sketch must be attached to the reference surface or edge 4. After that exit from sketcher and give thickness 5. We can give thickness either on one side or both sides

Slide-Up Panels

• References: Contains the following options so that you can view and modify the references for your rib feature:

• Sketch collector: contains the valid Sketch feature reference that you selected for the rib feature.

• Flip button: Enables you to switch the material direction for the rib feature sketch. Clicking the button changes the direction arrow from one side to the other.

• Edit button: Opens the Sketch dialog box enabling you to use Sketcher to

redefine the independent section.

3.8.4 Draft tool: The Draft feature adds a draft angle between -30° and +30° to individual surfaces or to a series of surfaces.

Access: Click Insert > Draft or Click in the Engineering Features toolbar, We can draft only the surfaces that are formed by tabulated cylinders or planes.

Thickness box

Thickness interchanger



Menu: Definition:

ICON TERM DEFINITION

Draft hinges collector

Draft surfaces are pivoted about the intersection of the neutral plane with the draft surfaces.

Pull direction collector

Specify the direction that is used to measure the draft angle. Click the collector to activate it. We can select a plane, a straight edge or a datum axis, or a coordinate system.

Reverse pull direction

Specify reverse the pull direction (indicated by a yellow arrow).

Fig3.8.4.1. Draft

Draft surfaces

Draft hinges

Draft surface

Hinge plane

Flip Direction Flip angle



Angle combo box

Lets we change the value for draft angle. We can type the new value, or select one of the recently used values from the drop-down list.

Reverse angle to add or remove material

Lets we reverse the direction of draft angle, to switch between adding and removing the material.

Table3.7.4.1 Slide-up Panels: The Draft menu displays the following slide-up panels:

• References: Contains the collectors of references used in the draft feature.

• Split: contains the split options.

• Angles: Contains a table of draft angle values and their locations.

• Options: Contains the options defining draft geometry.

• Properties: Contains the feature name and an icon to access feature information

Split:

• No splits: do not split the draft surfaces, whole surface pivots about the draft hinge.



Draft hinge

Fig 3.8.4.2. Split at Draft Hinge

• Split by draft hinge: Split the draft surfaces along the draft hinge.

• Split by split object: Split the draft surfaces by using a quilt or sketch. If

we are splitting by a sketch that does not lie on the draft surface, the system projects it on the draft surface in the direction normal to the sketching plane. If we select this option, the system activates the Split object collector.

Angles:

Object Fig.3.8.4.3 split at object

Fig. 3.8.4.4 variable angle



• For Constant draft, a single line containing an Angle combo box with the

value of the draft angle.

• For Variable draft, additional lines for each additional draft angle. Each line contains an Angle combo box with the value of the draft angle, a Reference box with the name of the reference, and a Location combo box specifying the location of the draft angle control along the reference.

• Make Constant: Deletes all the angle controls except the first one. This option is available for Variable draft only.

Option:

• Exclude loops collector: Lets we select the contours to be excluded from draft surfaces. Available only when the selected surface contains more than one loop.

• Draft tangent surfaces: If selected, the system automatically extends the

draft to include surfaces tangent to the selected draft surfaces. This checkbox is selected by default. Clear it if the resulting geometry is invalid.

• Extend intersect surfaces: If selected, the system tries to extend the

draft to meet the adjacent surface of the model. If the draft cannot extend to the adjacent model surface, then the model surface extends into the draft surface

Technical tips:

• We cannot draft surfaces with fillets around the edge boundary. However, we can draft the surfaces first, and then fillet the edges.

• We can draft either solid surfaces or quilt surfaces, but not a combination of both. When we select surfaces to be drafted, the first selected surface determines the type of additional surfaces, solid or quilt that can be selected for this feature.

No extend Extend Intersect surface

Fig.3.8.4.5. Extend and No Extend



3.8.5 Round tool: Rounds are a type of edge treatment feature in which a radius is added to an edge or edges, an edge chain, or between surfaces. Surfaces can be solid model surfaces or traditional Pro/ENGINEER zero-thickness quilts and surfaces

Access: Insert > Round or click on the Engineering Features toolbar To create rounds, you define one or more round sets. A round set is an

organizational unit containing one or more round pieces (round geometry). After you specify round placement references, Pro/ENGINEER uses default attributes, radius values, and default transitions that best fit the referenced geometry to create the round

Sets: Round pieces (geometry) created pertaining to the placement references. Round pieces consist of unique attributes, geometric references, and one or more radii.

Stop at reference Round

set

Fig.3.8.5.1 Round



Options for rounds with a Conic cross-sectional shape:

• Conic Parameter box: Controls the sharpness of the current Conic round. You can type new value within range of (0.05-0.95)

• Conic Distance box (D1 x D2 conic): Controls the conic distance of the current Conic round

• Thru curve: create a round through curve orientation

• Full round: To make full round in reference select two faces by holding ctrl+mouse click And after that select 3rd face of in-between them where round apply.

D1

D2

Conic factor

Fig.3.8.5.2 conic factor

Curve

Fig.3.8.5.3 Thru Curve

Fig. 3.8.5.4.Full Round



Edge-surface round:

In references box select surface and edge by holding ctrl key.

Transitions: Filler geometry that connects round pieces. Transitions are located where round pieces intersect or terminate.

Various transition types: Default: Uses the default transition type assigned by Pro/ENGINEER. The transition type appears in parenthesis.

• Stop Case 1: Assigns stop references generated by Pro/ENGINEER. • Stop Case 2: Assigns stop references generated by Pro/ENGINEER.

• Stop Case 3: Assigns stop references generated by Pro/ENGINEER.

• Stop at Reference: Enables you to assign stop references for the active

Stop transition. The Stop reference collector (located in the Transitions slide-up panel and the dialog bar) activates.

• Blend: Blends between two round pieces. The tangent round geometry stops at sharp edges.

surface

Edge

Fig.3.8.5.5 Edge-Surface Round

Default (intersect) Blend Fig.3.8.5.6 Blend



• Continue: Continues the round geometry between two round pieces. The tangent round geometry does not stop at sharp edges.

• Intersect: Extends two or more overlapping round pieces towards each

other until they merge forming a sharp boundary. This command is available only if the active round set contains two or more overlapping round pieces.

• Corner Sphere: Rounds the corner transition formed by three overlapping round pieces R box: Controls the sphere radius for the active Corner Sphere transition. You can type a new radius value or select a most recently used value from the list. L1, L2, L3 boxes: Controls the length for the active Corner Sphere transition. You can type a new value or select a most recently used value from the list. These value boxes are available only if you select the Corner Sphere transition type.

Fig. 3.8.5.8.Corner Sphere

Fig.3.8.5.7 Intersect



With a spherical corner:

• Patch: creates a patched surface at the location where three or four round pieces overlap.

• Round Only 1: Creates a transition using compounded round geometry.

• Round Only 2: Creates a transition using compounded round geometry

Types of corner Transitions Transition Type

R1 = R2 = R3

(R1 = R2) < R3

(R1 = R2) > R3

R1< R2 < R3

Corner Sphere

Patch (without surface)

Patch with surface 1

Round Only 1

Round Only 2

Table 3.8.5.1

# R1, R2, and R3 are radii of respective round pieces

Arrow indicates the patch optional surface selected



3.8.6 Chamfer tool: Chamfers are a type of feature where an edge or corner is

beveled.

Access: Insert > Edge Chamfers or click on the Engineering Features toolbar There are two types of chamfer

• Edge Chamfers: You create edge chamfers using the Chamfer dialog box (Insert > Chamfer > Edge Chamfer) to define edge references and distance values for the corner chamfer.

• Corner Chamfers: You create corner chamfers using the

CHAMFER dialog box (Insert > Chamfer > Corner Chamfer) to define edge references and distance values for the corner chamfer.

Edge Chamfer menu:

Corner chamfer

Set Mode

Distance Dimension InterchangeTransition

Mode Option

Angle x d

D x D



Set Mode: enabling you to work with chamfer sets

• D x D: Create a chamfer that is at a distance (D) from the edge along each surface. Pro/ENGINEER selects this by default.

• D1 x D2: Create a chamfer at a distance (D1) from the selected

edge along one surface and a distance (D2) from the selected edge along the other surface

• Angle x D: Create a chamfer at a distance (D) from the selected

edge along one adjacent surface at a specified angle (Angle) to that surface.

• 45 x D: Create a chamfer that is at an angle of 45 degrees to both

surfaces and a distance (D) from the edge along each surface.

• O x O: Create a chamfer that is at an offset distance (O) from the edge along each surface. Pro/ENGINEER selects this by default only if D x D is not available #Note: This scheme is only available if the Offset Surfaces creation method is used

• O1 x O2: Create a chamfer at an offset distance (O1) from the selected edge along one surface and an offset distance (O2) from the selected edge along the other surface. #Note: This scheme is only available if the Offset Surfaces creation method is used.

Transition Mode: Activates Transition mode, enabling you to define all transitions for the chamfer feature Transition options are similar which are described in Round transition option Corner Chamfers:

The following illustration describes a corner chamfer:

Pick point on the edge

Value of chamfer length

Fig. 3.8.6.1 Corner Chamfer



3.9. Edit feature

3.9.1. Mirror tool: The Mirror tool enables us to create copies of features and geometry that are mirrored about a planar surface.

Access: Edit>Mirror or click We can use this tool to save time by mirroring simple parts into more

complex designs. In addition to part geometry, the Mirror tool allows we to copy surfaces, curves, and datum features about a mirror plane. There are several methods of creating a mirror: Feature Mirror: allows we to mirror features using two methods:

A) All Features: this method duplicates features and creates a merged feature that contains the geometry of all features of the model. To use this method, we must select all features and the part node in the Model Tree. B) Geometry Mirror: allows us to mirror geometry items such as datum’s, quilts, and surfaces. We can also mirror an entire part by selecting its node in the Model Tree. The following examples show how we can use the Mirror tool to create a complex design from a relatively small amount of geometry: Selected Feature Method: All Feature method:

1. Original feature 2. Mirror plane 3. Mirrored feature

Fig. 3.9.1.1 Mirror selected feature

Fig. 3.9.1.2. Mirror All feature



3.9.2 Merge tool: it is used to merge two quilts by intersecting or joining them.

Access: Edit>Mirror or click The resulting quilt is a separate quilt coincident with the two original quilts.

If the merged feature is deleted, the original quilts remain. There are two methods for merging quilts:

• Use intersects to create a quilt that consists of the trimmed portions of two intersecting quilts.

• Use join if the edges of one quilt lie on the surfaces of the other quilt. Merge menu: The Menu ba Consists of the following elements:

• For the first quilt, changes the side to be included in the merge.

• For the second quilt, changes the side to be included in the merge. Slide-up Panels: References: Lists quilts selected for the merge.

• The Swap command allows we swap the primary and secondary quilts in the quilt collector.

Quilt 1

Quilt 1

Intersecting two quilts

Fig. 3.9.2.1.Merge



Options: Specifies the method: Intersect or Join. Properties: Lets we edit the feature name and open feature information in the

Pro/ENGINEER browser.

Technical tips:

When we right-click a merged feature, we can change the method of merging quilts by choosing one of these options on shortcut menu:

• Intersect: Merges two quilts at the intersection. • Join: Joins two quilts.

3.9.3. Trim tool: With the Trim tool we can cut or split a quilt or curve.

Access: Edit>Mirror or click A quilt is a collection of surfaces. Use the Trim tool to remove material

from quilts or curves to create a certain shape or to split material. We can trim quilts by: Trimming at an intersection with another quilt or

datum plane. Using a datum curve that lies on a quilt we can trim a curve by clipping or splitting the curve at the point of an intersection with a surface, another curve, or datum plane. Menu: Steps:

1. Select the quilt or curve to trim, activate the Trim tool, 2. Specify the trimming object. We can specify and change the trimming

object during creation or redefinition.

Trimmed quilt

Trimmed object Fig. 3.9.3.1Trim



3. We can specify what part of the trimmed surface or curve we want to keep. In addition,

4. We can use the Thin Trim when we trim a quilt with another quilt. 5. Thin Trim allows us to specify trim thickness dimensions and control

fitting requirements for surfaces. Menu Bar: Trimming Object Collector: Adds, removes, or redefines the trimming object reference.

• Flips between one side, other side, or both sides of the trimmed surface to keep.

• Switches the Silhouette Trim option on or off. Slide-up Panels:

• References: Adds or replaces the trimming objects references.

• Swap: Selects which side of the result quilt takes the trimmed quilt ID. This button is enabled when the trimming directions are on both sides.

• Options: Specifies trim thickness dimensions, surfaces to exclude from

thin trim, and controlled fitting requirements for surfaces: Normal to Surface: thickens the surface in a direction normal to surface. Automatic Fit: determines the scaling coordinate system and fit along all

three axis (i.e. x,y,z). Controlled Fit: thickens the surface by a specific scaling coordinate

system and controlled fitting motion.

3.9.4. Pattern tool: Create instances of the selected feature by varying some specified dimensions.

Thin trim

Fig.3.9.3.2. Thin trim



Access: Edit>Mirror or click *The feature selected for patterning is called the pattern leader. Patterns offer the following benefits:

• Creating a pattern is a quick way to reproduce a feature. • A pattern is parametrically controlled. Therefore, we can modify a pattern

by changing pattern parameters, such as the number of instances, spacing between instances, and original feature dimensions.

• Modifying patterns is more efficient than modifying individual features. In a pattern, when we change dimensions of the original feature, the system automatically updates the whole pattern.

• It may be easier or more effective to perform operations once on the multiple features contained in a pattern, rather than on the individual features. For example, we can easily suppress a pattern or add it to a layer.

Technical tips:

• The feature selected for patterning is called the pattern leader.

Fig. 3.9.4.1.Pattern



Pattern Types:

There are several ways to pattern a feature:

• Dimension: Control the pattern by using driving dimensions and specifying the incremental changes to the pattern. Dimensional patterns can be unidirectional and bidirectional.

• Direction: Create a free-form pattern by specifying direction and using drag handles to set the orientation and increment of pattern growth. Direction patterns can be unidirectional and bidirectional.

Unidirectional Bidirectional • Axis: Create a free-form radial pattern by using drag handles to set the

angular and radial increments of the pattern. The pattern can also be dragged into a spiral.

fig.3.9.4.2. dimension

Fig.3.9.4.3 Direction

Axis Leader hole

fig. 3.9.4.1.Axis



• Table: Control the pattern by using a pattern table and specifying the

dimension values for every pattern instance.

• Reference: Control the pattern by referencing another pattern.

• Fill: Control the pattern by filling an area with instances according to a selected grid.

10. Advanced command 3.10.1. Conic surface and N-side patch:

Access: Insert >Advanced>Conic surface and N-side patch

There are two types of conic surfaces listed in the OPTIONS menu: A) Shoulder Crv: The surface passes through the control curve. In this case, the control curve defines the location of conic shoulders for each cross section of the surface. B) Tangent Crv: The surface does not pass through the control curve. In this case, the control curve defines the line, which passes through the intersections of the conic sections’ asymptotes.

Technical tips:

Rules for selecting curves/edges: • Only single-segment composite curves can be selected as boundary

or control curves.

Sketch area Leader Hole

fig. 3.9.4.5. Fill



• When selecting with the Chain option, the chain can not have more than one edge/curve component.

Steps for Conic:

1. Choose Conic Surf, Shoulder Curve or Tangent Curve, and Done from the BNDRS OPTS menu.

2. A dialog box appears, listing the following elements of the surface feature:

Curves: Specify geometrical references for this feature. Conic Parameter: Specify the conic parameter.

3. The Boundaries option in the CRV_OPTS menu is active. 4. Define opposite boundaries of the conic surface by selecting two

curves/edges.

5. After bounding curves are defined, choose Shoulder Curve or Tangent Curve from the OPTIONS menu and select the conic curve in the same way as you selected bounding curves.

6. Choose Done from the OPTIONS menu. 7. Enter the conic parameter value; it must be between 0.05 and 0.95.

Sections of the surface will be one of the following types, according to their conic parameter value:

• 0.05 < Parameter < 0.5 – ellipse

• Parameter = 0.5 – parabola

• 0.5 < parameter < 0.95 - hyperbola

8. Conclude feature creation by choosing OK from the dialog box.

To Create a N-sided patch Surface (Create a Surface from More Than Four Boundaries):

Access: Insert>advanced> Conic surface and N-side patch > N-side surf Boundar

y Curves

Shoulder Curve

Conic Parameter =0.1

Shoulder Curve

Conic Parameter =0.9

Fig.3.10.1.1. conic



1. The system displays a dialog box, listing elements of the surface feature. They are:

• Curves: specify geometrical references for this feature.

• Bndry Conds: (Optional) Define Boundary Conditions.

2. Select at least five boundaries in the consecutive order for the N-sided

surface. Using the One By One option in the CHAIN menu, select at least five curves/edges forming a loop. When finished, choose Done from the CHAIN menu.

Note: The boundaries of the N-sided surface cannot include tangent edges/curves. 3. To define Boundary Conditions, choose Bndry Cond and Define from the

dialog box.

4. The BOUNDARY menu lists all surface boundaries. As you move the cursor over the Boundary name, the corresponding boundary highlights in cyan. Choose the boundary for which you want to define Boundary Conditions.

5. For the selected boundary, the system brings up a dialog box with the

Bndry Cond element selected for definition.

6. Specify the boundary condition by choosing one of the following options in the BNDRY COND menu, followed by Done:

• Free: No tangency conditions are set along the boundary.

• Tangent: The blended surface is tangent to the reference surface

along the boundary.

• Normal: The blended surface is normal to the reference surface or datum plane.

7. For conditions other than Free, accept the defaults or select reference

surfaces.

8. To complete the feature creation, click OK in the dialog box.



Creating an N-Sided Surface The shape of the N-sided patch depends on the geometry of the

boundaries to be patched together. For some boundaries, the N-sided patch may produce geometry with undesirable shape and characteristics. For example, bad geometry may occur if ● The boundaries have inflections ●The angles between the boundary segments are very large (more than 160 degrees) or very small (less than20 degrees) ● The boundaries consist of very long and very short segments ● If the N-sided patch does not create a satisfactory geometry, you can either create a series of N-sided patches on a smaller number of boundaries, or use the Blended Surf functionality.

# In the above example, the first fig shows the 5 boundary curves used for the N-sided surface and, the second fig. shows the resulting surface.

Fig. 3.10.1.2.N-Side Surface

Resulting Surface Boundary Curves



3.10.2.Flattened Quilt: It create flat surface of chosen quilt.

Access: Insert > Advanced > Flatten Quilt. Steps:

1. The FLATTEN QUILT dialog box opens. 2. Select a source quilt to flatten. 3. Select a datum point on the quilt to be the origin point. Two red arrows

indicate the u-v directions of the quilt. 4. Specify one of the following methods for determining the parameterization

of the quilt: • Automatic: (Default) The system defines the parameterization.

Note: If the system cannot perform a transformation, use the Aided or Manual option.

• Aided: Select four vertices or datum points on the quilt boundary. The system uses these four points to create a reference surface.

• Manual: Specify a reference surface to use for parameterization.

The reference surface must exist in the model prior to the operation.

Optionally, you can position the flattened quilt so it lies in the XY plane of a selected coordinate system and orient the quilt as desired. To do this, select Specify Placement and specify the following:

• To define the XY plane, select or create a coordinate system. • To orient the flattened quilt in the XY plane, select a point on the

original quilt. The system creates a vector from the origin point to the selected x-direction point. The system orients the flattened quilt to align this vector with the x-axis of the plane.

• Specify the number of steps for each direction of the quilt by typing

an integer from 10 to 100 in the Number of Steps 1 and Number of Steps 2 boxes respectively. The number of steps determines the density of the grid used for the surface parameterization. When you click in the respective box, a red arrow shows the corresponding direction of parameterization.



6. Click to create the feature.

3.10.3. Freeform: It allows we to "push" or "pull" on a surface, interactively changing its shape either to create a new surface feature, or to modify a solid or quilt.

Access: Insert>advanced>surface free from

About Freeform Features

We can create a freeform feature either as a solid tweak feature or as an advanced surface feature. Whenever the underlying surface changes shape, the freeform feature also changes shape proportionally. The real-time surface definition feedback allows us to immediately evaluate and modify the surface as required. Display options for the surface include porcupine curvature, deviation, Gaussian curvature, sectional curvature, slope, intersection curves, reflection curves, and cosmetic shading. For a freeform surface, we can use the boundaries of the underlying base surface. Alternatively, we can sketch the boundaries of the freeform surface; the system will then project them on the underlying base surfaces. The grid boundaries may extend beyond the underlying base surface. When creating a freeform surface, we can trim or extend it to fit the underlying surface boundaries. A) Solid free form: Access: Insert>advanced>surface free from 1. Select an existing surface to provide the solid or quilt reference (base)

surface for the freeform surface definition.

Quilt or surface

Flattened Quilt or

Point

Fig. 3.10.2.1.Flatten Quilt



2. The system displays a grid of red isolines in the first direction. Enter the number of control curves in this direction.

3. The system displays a grid of red isolines in the second direction. Enter the

number of control curves in this direction. 4. The Modify Surface dialog opens. We can select a point on the grid to drag,

or optionally we can use the Modify Surface dialog box to define the Poly Motion region, turn on the dynamic diagnostics, or use sliders.

5. When finished tweaking, click the OK button in the Modify Surface dialog box. 6. Click OK in the dialog box to create the freeform feature.

B) Surface free form:

Access: Insert>advanced>surface free from Same procedure of solid free form is applied for the surface free form.

Only difference is that instead of solid surface face select surface. 3.10.4. Vertex Round: It rounds the sharp edges just like Trim

Access: Insert>advanced>vertex round

Grid

Original Surface

Manipulated Surface

Fig. 3.10.3.1. Free form



Steps:

1. Select a quilt 2. then select corner which to be round 3. Specify radius.

3.10.5. Spinal Bend: This Option bends a solid or quilt about a curved spine by continuously repositioning cross-sections along a curve.

Access: Insert > Advanced > Spinal Bend

Spinal Bend:

In this Planar cross-sections perpendicular to an axis are repositioned perpendicular to the trajectory with no distortion. All compression or distortion is done longitudinally along the trajectory

Access: Insert > Advanced > Spinal Bend Steps:

Specify the feature attributes by choosing from the OPTIONS menu. The options are as follows:

• Sketch Spine: Sketch the spine trajectory.

Quilt

Select corner

Fig. 3.10.4.1.Round Vertex

Spine

Object Fig.3.10.5.1 Spinal Blend



• Select Spine: Select an edge or chain of edges to define a spin trajectory.

• No Prop Ctrl: Do not adjust the resulting geometry. • SecProp Ctrl: Adjust the resulting geometry to control the

distribution of a varying cross section mass property along the spine. This property is defined by relations. Choose one of the following options:

• Linear: The section property varies linearly between the values at the start and end points.

• Graph: The section property varies, per the graph values, between the values at the start and end points.

3.10.6. Toroidal Bend: This option bends solids, nonsolid surfaces, or datum curves into toroidal (revolved) shapes.

Access: Insert > Advanced > Toroidal Bend.

We could use this option to create an automobile tire from a flat solid object. When we include a datum curve in the bend, the system first creates its copy and then bends it.

The feature creates two bends at the same time. To define the bend profile, or sectional curvature of the toroid shape, we sketch a chain of entities. The second bend is determined by two parallel planes that define the radius of the toroid. Example: Steps:

The OPTIONS menu appears. Choose Variable, 90, 180, 270, or 360 to indicate the angle of the bend. Steps:

Fig. 3.10.6.1Toroidal Bend



1. Choose One Side or Both Sides to indicate whether to create the feature on one side or both sides of the sketching plane. The DEFINE BEND menu appears with the following commands:

• Add: Select objects to bend. • Remove: Cancel the selection of objects from the bend feature.

2. Choose Add and select solid surfaces, quilts, or datum curves to include

in the bend. When we bend datum curves, they are displayed in both the bent fashion and in their original locations

Note: The included objects must not exceed the boundaries specified by the end planes; otherwise, the toroidal bend may fail. 3. Choose Done to finish selecting the objects to bend. 4. Pick a sketching plane and a sketcher reference plane to sketch the sectional bend profile. 5. Sketch a chain of entities (spline, arc, line, and so on) to define the

shape of the cross section of the toroid. 6. Create a sketcher coordinate system. 7. Select two parallel planes to bend toward each other at the specified

angle. These parallel planes define the radius of the toroid. For a 360-degree bend, these planes meet.

3.11. Cosmetic Threads: A cosmetic thread is a cosmetic feature that represents the diameter of a thread. It is displayed in magenta.

Access: Click Insert > Cosmetic > Thread. Fig.3.11.1 Cosmetic Threads



Steps: 1. The COSMETIC: Thread dialog box opens. This dialog box lists the

required elements for the thread: Thread Surf, Start Surf, Direction, Depth, Major Diam, and Note Params.

2. Select the cylindrical thread surface.

3. Select the starting surface of the cosmetic thread.

4. Pro/ENGINEER displays an arrow indicating the direction of feature creation. Click Flip, if necessary, then Okay. The SPEC TO menu appears.

5. Click Blind, UpTo Pnt/Vtx, UpTo Curve, or UpTo Surface. 6. Click Done. You are prompted for the necessary depth information.

Pro/E-wildfire Datum

www.cadcamguru.com____________________________________________________

Datum Chapter 4

Contents 4.1. Point creation 4.2. Datum Plane Tool 4.3. Datum Curves 4.4. Axis 4.5. View Manager



4.1.Point creation

A) Datum Point tool:

Access: Insert > Model Datum > Point > Point tool. Or click on .

4.Datum Tool

Datum Point tool

Insert a datum curve

Sketch tool

Datum Coordinate System tool

Datum Axis tool

Datum Plane tool

Insert an analysis tool

Insert a reference feature

Datum Chapter 4

Contents 4.1. Point creation 4.2. Datum Plane Tool 4.3. Datum Curves 4.4. Axis 4.5. View Manager(X-Section)



Menu: • Placement: Defines a point's location.

• Properties: Lets we edit the feature name and access feature information in the Pro/ENGINEER browser.

Steps:

1. Click . The DATUM POINT dialog box opens.

2. Create a series of reference points along the edge of the style surface.

3. Select the point to be offset from to create offset points. The default is On. Change On to Offset. The reference direction to create the offset can be set by selecting the items along which the point is to be offset.

4. It is advantageous to offset the control points along the press direction. One way to ensure this is to by selection of the point, and then the plane. If we do not have a plane that defines the normal to the Z-axis of the press direction, we can create it asynchronously during point creation.

For Curves: For curves separate menu appear as below

Fig. 4.1.1.Datum point

Fig. 4.1.2curve points



# The options on the shortcut menu depend on the datum point we are creating. When we right-click a datum point, the shortcut menu may list the following options:

• Placement References: Specifies new placement references.

• Offset References: Specifies new offset references.

• Offset: Changes the On location constraint to Offset.

• Next Curve End: Lets we select the other endpoint of a curve or edge to use as a reference.

• New Point: Lets we create a new point.

• Ratio: Lets we type a length ratio for placing a point on a curve or edge.

• Real: Lets we type a distance from the endpoint of a curve or edge.

• Duplicate: Create a datum point by applying the same placement constraints and references.

• Unsnap: Unselect an entity that was pre-highlighted by the system.

Technical tips:

• For different or more than two reference hold Ctrl+ Reference Entity(Point, Edge, Plane, Surface etc.)

B) Sketched Datum Tool:

Access: Insert > Model Datum > Point >sketched. Or click on Steps:

1. click on sketch point tool Dialog box open 2. Select sketching plane 3. Locate point in sketch mode.

C) Offset CSys Datum Point:

Access: click on



In This Option we can insert more than one points in X, Y, Z, direction or plane by giving distances. Menu: # We can add points by locating them with respect to a selected coordinate system. We can offset points using Cartesian, Spherical, or Cylindrical coordinate system. D) Field Datum Points:

Access: Insert > Model Datum > Point > Field. Or click on

• A field point is a type of datum point intended for use in conjunction with user-defined analysis (UDA).

• A field point defines a domain from which it was selected: curve, edge, surface, or quilt. The field point does not require dimensions because it belongs to the entire domain. To change the domain of the field point, we must edit the feature's definition.

#Note: Field points have names FPNT# in parts and AFPNT# in assemblies.



Menu: Steps:

1. In the graphics window, select a curve, edge, surface of a solid, or quilt where we want to place a point.

2. On the Datum’s toolbar, click an arrow to open the datum point palette.

3. Click . A point with name FPNT # is added to the selected reference.

4.2. Datum Plane Tool

Access: Click Insert > Model Datum > Plane, or We can use datum planes to create a reference on a part where one does not already exist. For example, we can sketch or place features on a datum plane when there is no appropriate planar surface Menu:

• Placement

• Display

• Properties



References collector: Allows we to place a new datum plane by referencing existing planes, surfaces, edges, points, coordinate systems, axes, vertices, sketch-based features, face facets, edge facets, vertex facets, curves, sketched datum curves, and channels.

• Through: Places the new datum plane through the selected reference.

XY: Places the datum plane through the XY plane

YZ: Places the datum plane through the YZ plane and is the default

ZX: Places the datum plane through the ZX plane

• Offset: Places the new datum plane at an offset from the selected reference

• Parallel: Places the new datum parallel to the selected reference

• Normal: Places the new datum plane normal to the selected reference

• Tangent: Places the new datum plane tangent to the selected reference.

Display:

• Flip: Flips the normal direction of the datum plane

• Reference: Allows we to size the datum plane to the selected reference such as a part, feature, edge, axis, or surface.

• Size: Allows we to size the datum plane or adjust its outline display size to specified values of width and height and is the default. When selected, the following options are available:

• Width: Allow to Change width

• Height: Allow to Change Height

Technical tips:

• For different or more than two reference hold Ctrl+ Reference Entity (Point, Edge, Plane, Surface etc.)

Plane through Edge

Fig. 4.2.1Planes



Creating Datum Planes On-The-Fly:

In the process of feature creation, the system lets we create a datum plane on the fly using the Plane option in the Datum menu. Consider the following rules about the datum planes created on the fly:

• Datum planes that we create during feature creation are internal to and belong to that feature.

• Datum planes on-the fly become invisible after we create the feature. • Datum planes created on the fly cannot be referenced by other features. • When we use Copy/Mirror to copy features and use datum planes on

the fly as the mirror plane, this datum plane stays visible because it can be referenced by more than one feature.

4.3. Datum Curves

We use datum curves to create surfaces and other features, or as sweep

trajectories.

Access: Access: Click Insert > Model Datum >Curves, or Types of curves: A) Thru Points:

We can create a Thru Points datum curve as a spline, or a sequence of alternating tangent lines and arcs. To create a curve, we select and connect points using options in the CONNECT TYPE menu. The options are as follows:



• Spline: Construct a curve using a three-dimensional spline that passes through the selected datum points and vertices.

• Single Rad: Construct a curve using the same radius through all the bends.

• Multiple Rad: Construct a curve by specifying a radius for each bend

• Single Point: Select individual datum points and vertices. We

could have created these points individually or as a datum point array. • Whole Array: Select all the points in a Datum Point/Offset Csys

feature, in consecutive order. • Add Point: Add to the definition of the curve an existing point, vertex,

or curve end through which the curve will pass. • Delete Point: Delete from the definition of the curve an existing point,

vertex, or curve end through which the curve currently passes. • Insert Point: Insert a point between already selected points, vertices,

and curve ends. This option modifies the curve definition to pass through the inserted point. The system prompts we to select a point or vertex before which to insert the point

B) From File: An imported datum curve can consist of one or more segments. Multiple

segments are not necessarily connected.

• The From File option imports a datum curve from a Pro/ENGINEER ".ibl", IGES, SET, or VDA file format. Pro/ENGINEER does not automatically combine the curves imported using From File into a composite curve

C) Use X section: -

Use the Use Xsec option to create a datum curve from a planar cross section boundary (that is, the intersection of the planar cross section with the part outline). 1. Choose Insert > Datum > Curve or click the curve button on the datums

toolbar. 2. Choose Use Xsec and Done from the OPTIONS menu.

Fig. 4.3.1Curve through points



3. Select a planar cross section from the namelist menu of all the available

cross sections. 4. The cross-section boundary is used to create a datum curve. If a cross

section has more than one chain, each chain has a composite curve. Note: You cannot use a boundary from an offset cross section to create a datum curve D) From Equation: We can define curve using equation in Cartesian, cylindrical, Spherical form Steps:

1. Select co-ordinate system 2. Choose any one from Cartesian, cylindrical, Spherical. 3. Example:

/* For Cartesian coordinate system, enter parametric equation /* in terms of t (which will vary from 0 to 1) for x, y and z /* For example: for a circle in x-y plane, centered at origin /* and radius = 4, the parametric equations will be: /* x = 4 * cos ( t * 360 ) /* y = 4 * sin ( t * 360 ) /* z = 0 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------

Fig. 4.3.2.Use X-section



4.4. Axis

Like datum planes, datum axes can be used as references for feature creation. Datum axes are particularly useful for making datum planes, placing items concentrically, and creating radial patterns.

Access: Click Insert > Model Datum >Axis, or #Procedure is same like Datum Planes

4.5. View Manager (X-section)

Access: click on or View > View Manager.



We can create the following types of cross sections using the View Manager. • Planar cross sections of models

• Offset cross section of models

• Cross sections from a faceted model (.stl file)

Steps:

1. Click Xsec.

2. Click New. A default name for the cross section appears.

3. Press Enter to accept the default name or type a new name. The XSEC OPTS menu appears.

4. Select the cross section options including Planar then click Done. The SETUP PLANE menu appears.

5. Select or create an assembly datum. Select the datum plane along which the cross section is to be generated. The datum plane must be in the top-level assembly.

6. Click OK. The View Manager dialog box opens.

7. Click Display > Set Visible. The Visibility dialog box opens.

8. Click Show X-Hatching to view the cross-section.

Fig.4.5.1. X-section (Offset)

Pro/E-wildfire Tools


Tools Chapter 5

Contents 5.1. Relations 5.2. User-Defined Features 5.3. Family Tables



5.1. Relation

Access: click Tools > Relations. The Relations dialog box opens Creating relation in between model parameter or dimension which take effect of editing single entity with respect to other.

To Add a Relation to a Model: 1. With a model open, click Tools > Relations. The Relations dialog box

opens.

2. The Look in box shows the type of object (for example, part or feature) where the relation is applied. If you are in Part mode, by default the relation is added at the part level. You can change the object type by changing the selection in the Look in box, for example, you can change feature relations or section relations.

3. If you selected Feature, Inherited, Section, or Pattern as the object type, you must select the object for which you want to list relations. The selected object shows dimensions in symbolic form.

4. Type a relation in the text box and press ENTER. You can type multiple relations by pressing ENTER after each one. Use the following tools for adding a relation:

• To insert a dimension, geometric tolerance, or surface finish, click it in the graphics window. Tip: If dimensions are not displayed, double-click a feature to show its dimensions.

• To insert a function, click .

Tools Chapter 5

Contents 5.1. Relations 5.2. User-Defined Features 5.3. Family Tables



• To insert an operator, click an operator listed on the left toolbar of the dialog box.

• To insert a parameter from a list of existing parameters, click .

Note: The name of a parameter, variable, or symbol cannot contain more than 31 characters.

5. To specify if the relation should be evaluated in regular order or after regeneration, select Initial or Post Regeneration from the list.

6. You can verify the validity of the relations you have entered by

clicking .

7. To accept the relations, click OK. To start over, click Reset.

• Adding Relations to Different Types of Objects You can add relations to different types of objects. The supported object types, listed under Look In in the Relations dialog box, are:

• Part: Access part relations both in the Part and Assembly modes.

• Assembly: Access relations in an assembly.

Fig.5.1 Relation

Fig. 5.1.1. Relation



• Feature: Access relations specific to a feature in the Part or Assembly mode.

• Inherited: Access relations both in the Part and Assembly modes.

• Section: If a feature has a section, access section relations in Sketcher while in the Part or Assembly mode.

• Pattern: Access relations specific to a pattern in the Part or Assembly mode.

• Skeleton: Access relations for a skeleton model in Assembly mode.

• Component: Access relations for an assembly component.

5.2. User-Defined Features

Access: Tool>UDF library

User-defined features can be subordinate or standalone. Consider the following definitions

• Subordinate: A subordinate UDF gets its values directly from the original model at run time, so the latter must be present for the subordinate UDF to function. If you make any changes to the dimension values in the original model, they are automatically reflected in the UDF.

• Standalone: A standalone UDF copies all the original model information into the UDF file. Because of this, a standalone UDF requires more storage space than a subordinate UDF. If you make any changes to the reference model, they are not reflected in the UDF.

Required Information for UDFs Each UDF consists of selected features, all their associated dimensions,

any relations between the selected features, and a list of references for placing the UDF on a part. The UDF dialog box provides a running status of these UDF elements during UDF creation and modification.

5.3. Family Tables

Access: Tool>Family Table Family tables are collections of parts (or assemblies or features) that are

essentially similar, but deviate slightly in one or two aspects, such as size or detail features.



For example, wood screws come in various sizes, but they all look alike and perform the same function. Thus, it is useful to think of them as a family of parts.

Parts in Family Tables are also known as table-driven parts. The following figure shows a family of bolts. The generic is at the top of

the figure, and its instances are underneath. The generic is the parent. Using Family Tables, We can:

• Create and store large numbers of objects simply and compactly • Save time and effort by standardizing part generation • Generate variations of a part from one part file without having to re-

create and generate each one • Create slight variations in parts without having to use relations to change

the model • Create a table of parts that can be saved to a print file and included in

part catalogs Family tables promote the use of standardized components. They let you

represent your actual part inventory in Pro/ENGINEER. Moreover, families make it easy to interchange parts and subassemblies in an assembly, because instances from the same family are automatically interchangeable with each other.

Steps: 1. Create a generic model that will serve as an original. 2. On the PART or ASSEMBLY menu, Click Family Tab. The Family Table

opens. 3. The model should have no rows for design variations. Click the Add - Delete

Table Columns icon. The Family Items dialog box opens. In the Add Items field, click the object type you want to add to the new variation.

4. In the design, click the specific object you want to add. For example, if you clicked Dimension in the Add Items field, select the specific dimension you want to add to the table.

Case 1

Fig. 5.3.1.Family Table

Case 2 Case 3 Case 4



5. Click Done Sel in the menu manager. The object is added to the Items list. (Be sure the Filter box is checked to show the item.)

6. In the same way, add all items by selecting them from the generic model. Click OK. You are returned to the Family Table. A "home" row is added containing the original object; new columns are added for each item you added.

7. Click Insert > Row, or click . A new row is added for the first new instance.

8. Place the cursor in the empty cells and add the new values. You are in effect creating a new part with slightly different properties than the original. Cells for features may be set to Yes or No, to indicate whether or not the instance contains the feature. If you want to inspect the instance, put the cursor anywhere in the instance row and click Open.

After an instance has been entered in the table, it can be retrieved and used like any other model.

Pro/E-wildfire Edit Feature


Edit Feature Chapter 6

Contents 6.1. Regenerate 6.2. Copying and Pasting 6.3. Edit, Edit definition 6.4. Edit References (Reroute): 6.5. Working with Part Accuracy



6.1. Regenerate

Access: Edit< Regenerate or ctrl+G or click This command is used for regeneration of the model after editing to show the changes of editing

6.2. Copying and Pasting

Access: Edit > Paste or Edit > Paste Special

We can use the Copy, Paste, and Paste Special commands to duplicate and place features, geometry, curves, and edge chains. Using this functionality, we can copy and paste features between two different models or between two different versions of the same part.

We can also use the menu bar icons for Copy , Paste , and Paste

Special . Two Methods for Pasting Features There are two workflows for pasting: A) When we use Edit > Paste, the system opens the feature creation tool, so we can redefine the copied feature. B) When we use Edit > Paste Special, the system allows we to map references of the copied features by replacing the original references with the new ones.

Edit Feature Chapter 6

Contents 6.1. Regenerate 6.2. Copying and Pasting 6.3. Edit, Edit definition 6.4. Edit References (Reroute): 6.5. Working with Part Accuracy



Steps: 1. Select the object to copy 2. Select Edit > Paste or Edit > Paste Special

Use Paste Special to do the following:

• To copy multiple features. • To copy Dimension patterns. • To place features using new placement references. • To place features using dimension dependency with the original feature.

Paste Special dialog box with the following options:

• Make copies dependant on dimensions of original: Set dimension dependency between the copy and the original feature.

• Apply Move/Rotate transformation for copies: Move the copy by translation or rotation, or both.

• Advanced reference configuration: Paste the copied features by using original or new placement references. Lists references of the original feature and allows you to retain these references or replace them with new references, for the pasted feature.

6.3. Edit, Edit definition:

We can edit module using edit and edit definition

Steps for Edit:

1. Go to the navigator (model tree) and Right click on the edit part 2. Select option edit 3. We can edit the dimensional feature of the part

Copy object

Paste object Fig. copy and paste



4. After modifying ctrl+G for regenerate

• Edit definition: In this option we can edit command with all its parameter which are included in command.

• Steps for Edit definition: #Steps are same as above for the edit.

6.4. Edit References(Reroute):

The Reroute command is available in edit references

Rerouting breaks the parent-child relationship by letting you change feature references.

• Click Edit > References.

• Select a feature in the model tree, right-click, and select Edit References.

• Select a feature in the graphics window, right-click, and select Edit References.

• Select an object in the Children Handling dialog box, right-click and select Replace References.

We can only reroute external references in the environment (the level in an assembly) in which they were created. Pro/ENGINEER checks the rerouting of features to determine if the new reference and the old reference are compatible. If the references are not compatible, Pro/ENGINEER issues a warning message and continues processing.

• The following features cannot b

Protrusion -1 Ref -1A Protrusion _1

Ref -2

Sketching Plane

Fig.6.4.1. Edit References



6.5. Working with Part Accuracy

Changing Part Accuracy:

The Accuracy option modifies the computational accuracy of geometry calculations. Part accuracy is relative to the size of the part. The valid range is 0.01 to 0.0001, and the default value is 0.0012. Note that if you decrease the value of part accuracy, the regeneration time also increases. You should use the default part accuracy unless you need to increase it. In general, you should set the accuracy to a value less than the ratio of the length of the smallest edge on the part to the length of the largest side of a box that would contain the part. Even so, use the default accuracy until you have a reason not to do so. In the following situations, you may need to change the part accuracy:

Placing a very small feature on a large part. Intersecting (through merge or cutout) two parts of very different size.

Pro/E-wildfire Surface


Surface Chapter 7

Contents 7.1. Sweep: 7.2. Blend: 7.3. Swept Blend: 7.4. Helical Sweep: 7.5. Boundary Blend tool 7.6. Extend: 7.7. Fill Tool: 7.8. Offset tool: 7.9. Thicken tool: 7.10. Solidify:



. 7.1. Sweep: A sweep feature is created by sketching or selecting a trajectory and then sketching a section to follow along it.

Access: Click Insert > Sweep > Protrusion. The Surface: Sweep dialog box opens and the SWEEP TRAJ menu appears Steps:

Surface Chapter 7

Contents 7.1. Sweep: 7.2. Blend: 7.3. Swept Blend: 7.4. Helical Sweep: 7.5. Boundary Blend tool 7.6. Extend: 7.7. Fill Tool: 7.8. Offset tool: 7.9. Thicken tool: 7.10. Solidify:



Click Sketch Traj to sketch the directory or Select Traj to select the directory. • Sketch Traj: Sketch the sweep trajectory using Sketcher mode. • Select Traj: Select a chain of existing curves or edges as the

sweep trajectory. The CHAIN menu allows you to select the desired trajectory.

• Open end: sweep profile open at both the end • Capped end: sweep profile closed at both the end

7.2. Blend: A blended feature consists of a series of at least two planar sections that Pro/ENGINEER joins together at their edges with transitional surfaces to form a continuous feature.

Access: Insert>Blend

Profile Sweep trajectory

Fig. 7.1.1.sweep



# Remaining steps are same for Blend-Surface, Blend-Surface Trim, and Blend-Thin Surface Trim Only following options are added for surface,

Open end: sweep profile open at both the end Capped end: sweep profile closed at both the end

7.3. Swept Blend:

A swept blend requires a single trajectory (the Origin Trajectory) and multiple sections along it.

To define the Origin Trajectory of the swept blend, you can either sketch a curve or select a chain of datum curves or edges.

Access: Insert>swept Blend,

Sweep-surface

Fig.7.2.1 Sweep-Surface



# Remaining steps are same for Blend-Surface, Blend-Surface Trim, and Blend-Thin Surface Trim * Only following options are added for surface,

• Open end: sweep profile open at both the end • Capped end: sweep profile closed at both the end

7.4. Helical Sweep: Addition of material by sweeping a section along a helical trajectory.

Access: Insert > Helical Sweep.

The trajectory is defined by both the profile of the surface of revolution (which defines the distance from the section origin of the helical feature to its axis of revolution) and the pitch (the distance between coils). The trajectory and the surface of revolution are construction tools that do not appear in the resulting geometry.

Swept Blend

Fig. 7.3.1Sweep



Helical Sweep is available for both solid and surface features.

• Constant: The pitch is constant. • Variable: The pitch is variable and defined by a graph. • Thru Axis: The cross section lies in a plane that passes through the axis

of revolution. • Norm To Traj: The cross section is oriented normal to the trajectory (or

surface of revolution). • Right Handed: The trajectory is defined using the right- hand rule. • Left Handed: The trajectory is defined using the left-hand rule.

# Remaining steps are same for Blend-Surface, Blend-Surface Trim, and Blend-Thin Surface Trim

• Only following options are added for surface: Open end: sweep profile open at both the end Capped end: sweep profile closed at both the end

7.5. Boundary Blend tool

Boundary Blend tool:

When we select curves for a boundary blend surface, Pro/ENGINEER allows we to select curves in the first and second directions. In addition, we can select additional curves that the blended surface will try to approximate.

With the Boundary Blend tool, we can create a boundary blended feature between reference entities that defines the surface in one or two directions. The first and last entities selected in each direction define the surface boundary.

Access: click in the Base Features toolbar or click Insert > Boundary Blend.

Fig. 7.4.1. Helical Sweep



Slide-up Panels:

• Curves: Creates a blended surface using the curves selected in the first and second direction and controls the selection order. Select the Closed Blend check box to form a closed loop surface by blending the last curve back to the first curve. Closed Blend is only applicable to single direction curves where the other collector is empty.

• Constraints: Controls the boundary conditions including tangency conditions for edge alignment. Possible conditions are free, tangent, curvature, and normal

Display drag handles: Shows drag handles to control the boundary stretch factor

First direction chain curve1

First direction chain curve2

Second direction chain curve1

Second direction chain curve2

Fig.7.5.1 Boundary Blend



Add side curve influence: Enables side curve influence. In a one-directional blended surface, for boundary conditions specified as Tangent or Curvature

Add inner edge tangency: Sets the tangent inner edge condition for one or both directions of a blended surface. This condition applies only to surfaces with multi-segment boundaries

• Control Points: Add control points and shapes the surface by mapping locations on input curves. New Set in the Sets column adds a new set of control points.

A control options list contains the following predefined control options: Natural: Blended using the general blending routine and resets the parameters to obtain the best approximation for the surface.

Arclength: Curves are blended using the general blending routine except curves are divided into equal pieces and blended piece-by-piece. Piece to Piece: Blended piece-by-piece. Curve chains or composite curves are connected.

Control points

Fig.7.5.2 Control Point



7.6. Extend: It is used to extend the edge of quilt.

Access: To activate the Extend tool, you must first select the boundary

edge chain to be extended and then click Edit > Extend. We can extend a quilt by at a specified distance or up to a plane. Specify

the desired method by selecting from the Extend dashboard: Menu:

• Extends along the original surface. When selected, you can specify the extension distance in the text box for a constant extension. This is not available for variable extension.

• Extends to a reference plane. When selected, you can select a reference plane using the reference plane collector.

• Flips the direction of the extension relative to the boundary edge chain. This is not available for variable extensions.

• References: Lets you change the edge/chain reference. To redefine the

selection options, click Details. • Measurements: This slide-up panel is enabled when Along Surface is

selected. Lets you create a variable extension by adding and adjusting measurement points along the selected edge chain.

Measure the extension distance along the extended surface.

Fig. 7.6.1. Extend



Measure the extension distance in the selected datum plane

• Options: This slide-up panel is enabled when Along Surface is selected. Lets We do the following:

1. Under Method, select the extension method by choosing Same, Tangent, or Approximate from a list.

2. Under Extension side 1 or Extension side 2, for each side of the extension define the extension side by choosing from a list:

3. Along: Choose this option to create the extension side along the selected side edge. If more than one side edges are available, use the next collector to select one.

4. Normal to: Choose this option to create the extension side normal to the connected boundary edge.

7.7. Fill Tool: Fill feature is simply a flat surface, closed-loop feature that is defined by its boundaries and is used to thicken surfaces.

Access: Edit > Fill We can create a Fill feature by doing one of the following:

• Select an existing Sketch feature (sketched datum curve). You can select a Sketch feature from the current model or from another model. The resulting Fill feature uses a dependent section as a reference. This section is fully associative with the parent Sketch feature.

• Create an independent section for the Fill feature by using Sketcher. You create this section while the Fill tool remains open.

Menu:

• Sketch collector: Indicates that a valid sketched section has been selected for the Fill feature.

• Unlink button: Breaks the association between the dependent section and the parent Sketch feature. Pro/ENGINEER copies the Sketch feature



references to the new independent section. Note that Unlink is available only if the Fill features use dependent sections

7.8. Offset tool: Offset tool to create a new feature by offsetting either a surface or a curve with a constant or variable distance

Access: click either or Edit > Offset to start the Offset tool.

We can then use offset surfaces to build up geometry or to create patterned geometry, or we can use offset curves to build up a set of curves that we can then use to build a surface. Various options are available from within the Offset tool, such as adding drafts to offset surfaces and offsetting curves within a surface.

Offset Surface features are represented on the Model Tree by the following icons:

Offset (Standard)

Offset (With Draft)

Offset (Expand)

Offset (Replace)

Menu:

Types of offset feature we can create

Fill

Fig. 7.7.1 fill



Standard: Steps for standard:

• Sect the face which to be offset • Give direction and offset distance

Standard

Expand

With Draft

Replace

Specifies the offset value and provides a list of recently used

values (Standard, Expand, and With Draft).

Flips the direction of the offset (Standard, Expand, and With Draft).

Activates the sketch collector (Expand and With Draft).

Activates the Replace quilt collector (Replace).

Specifies the angle for the offset (With Draft).

Offset surface

Object

Fig. 7.8.1. Standard



Expand:

Steps for expand:

• Select faces to be expand • Give direction and offset distance

With Draft:

Steps for with draft:

• Select References to define a sketch on a selected face. • Draw a sketch and exit from sketcher. • Give offset distance and angle of draft.

Sketch

Offset faces

Fig. 7.8.2.Standard

Straight Tangent

Fig. 7.8.3with draft



Replace: Steps for Replace: Select a face to be replace Select a quilt (surface) In option check or uncheck the “keep replace quilt”

7.9. Thicken tool: Thicken features use predetermined surface features or quilt geometry to either add or remove thin material sections in our designs

Access: Edit > Thicken

Typically, Thicken features are used to create complex thin geometry that would be more difficult to create using regular solid features.

Menu:

Quilt

Face Fig.7.8.4. Replace



• Normal to Surface: (Default) Offsets the Thickened surface normal to the

original surface. You can select individual or multiple surfaces to exclude from the Thicken operation. The surfaces to exclude appear in the Exclude list.

• Automatic Fit: Scales and translates the thickened surface with respect to an automatically determined coordinate system.

• Controlled Fit: Creates a "best fit" scenario by scaling the original surface about a selected coordinate system and then translating it along a specified axis. The

Quilt

Fig. 7.9.1.Thicken

Fig.7.9.2. Normal To Surface

Fig. 7.9.3.Controlled Fit

Fig. 7.9.3.Automatic Fit



7.10. Solidify: It use predetermined surface features or quilt geometry and convert them into solid geometry

Access: Edit > Solidify.

We can use Solidify features to add, remove, or replace solid material in designs. Typically, Solidify features are used to create complex geometry that would be more difficult create using regular solid features. Menu:

Creates solid volume using the selected surface or quilt

Removes material using the selected surface or quilt

Patches the selected surface or quilt to a solid

Changes the material direction of the solidify feature

Steps:

• Select a surface feature or quilt as a reference • Determine how we want to use the reference geometry: add solid material,

remove solid material, or patch a surface • Define the material direction for the geometry

Protrusion Add solid material using the surface

feature or quilt geometry as the

boundary. (Always available.)



Cut: Remove solid

material using the surface feature or quilt geometry as

the boundary. (Always available.)

Patch: Replace a

specified portion of a surface using surface feature or

quilt geometry. (Only available if

the selected surface or quilt

boundaries lie on solid geometry.)

Table.7.10.1

Pro/E-wildfire Assembly


Assembly Chapter 9

Contents 9.1. Working in Assembly Mode 9.2. Calling existing parts in assembly Environment 9.3. To Copy an Assembly 9.4. Creating Components in an Assembly 9.5. Creating Subassemblies 9.6. Working with Components in Assembly Mode 9.7. Replacing Components in an Assembly 9.8. Using the Assembly Model Tree 9.9. Exploded Views 9.10. Translate and Rotate a Component About an Axis 9.11. Patterning Components 9.12. Package 9.13. Flexible Components 8.14. Assembly Skeletons



8. Assembly Mode:

Assembly Type: A) Top-Down Approach: This is the method of assembling the components in which the component of the assembly is created in the same file. In this type of assembly modeling approach, the component is created in the assembly file and then assembled using the assembly constraints. Note that the parts We create in the Assembly mode are saved as separate .prt file B) Bottom-Up Approach: This is the method of assembling the components that are created as separate parts in the Part mode and are saved as .prt files. Once all parts af an assembly have been created, we will create a new assembly file (.asm) and then assemble

Assembly Chapter 8

Contents 8.1. Working in Assembly Mode 8.2. Calling existing parts in assembly Environment 8.3. To Copy an Assembly 8.4. Creating Components in an Assembly 8.5. Creating Subassemblies 8.6. Working with Components in Assembly Mode 8.7. Replacing Components in an Assembly 8.8. Using the Assembly Model Tree 8.8. Exploded Views 8.10. Translate and Rotate a Component about an Axis 8.11. Patterning Components 8.12. Package 8.13. Flexible Components 8.14. Assembly Skeletons



the parts using the assembly constraints available in the Assembly mode. Since the assembly file has information related only to the assembly file size is small and therefore require less hard disk space.

8.1. Working in Assembly Mode

• Assembly Mode Functionality

Just as we can combine features into parts, we can also combine parts

into assemblies. Assembly mode in Pro/ENGINEER enables we to place component parts

and subassemblies together to form assemblies, as well as to design parts based on how they should fit together. We can then modify, analyze, or reorient the resulting assemblies.

• Assembly Functions:

Pro/ENGINEER provides basic assembly tools, and various Pro/ENGINEER modules give we additional functionality for assembly operations. Pro/ASSEMBLY supports the design and management of large and complex assemblies through the use of powerful tools such as simplified representations; interchange assemblies, and the Design manager.

Access: New file>Assembly

8.2. Calling existing parts in assembly Environment

Access: Insert>Component>Assemble or click

Fig. 8.2. Assembly



Steps: 1. Then select the desired

component from the File Open dialog box.

2. We can position a component

relative to its neighbors (components or assembly features) so that its position is updated as its neighbor’s move or change. This is called parametric assembly.

3. With Pro/ENGINEER, We can specify constraints to determine how and

where the component relates to the assembly. 4. To assemble a component parametrically, specify a constraint type, and

select a reference on the component and another on the assembly. Note:

During component placement, we can use a combination of mouse and keyboard commands to move the active component around the screen and position it. Direct manipulation of the component can speed up the process of locating the component correctly in the assembly and establishing constraints.

5. Using the Constraint Type list, We can select a placement constraint

from types of placement constraints:

Specify new constrain

Remove the selected

constrain

Change orientation of

constrain

Convert constraints to mechanism connection or

vice versa Fix component to current

position

Assemble component at

default location



• Mate • Mate Offset • Align • Align Offset • Insert • Orient • Coord Sys (Coordinate System) • Tangent. • Default • Fix

8.3. To Copy an Assembly

Using Copy From, We can copy an entire assembly or subassembly into a new assembly.

We can use Copy From to copy features but not parts or any solid geometry. Copy From is available only for copying an assembly that is empty (but that can contain assembly features) into an assembly that is completely empty (one that does not contain even assembly features). Recommended practice is to use start components and default templates. This functionality may often be used more efficiently than Copy From to replicate assemblies. See Fundamentals Help for information about using default templates.

8.4. Creating Components in an Assembly

Access: Insert>Component>Create or About Creating Components in Assembly Mode Using the Component

Create dialog box, We can create different types of components: parts, subassemblies, skeleton models, and bulk items. The following methods allow component creation in the context of an assembly without requiring external dependencies on the assembly geometry:

Create a component by copying another component or existing start part or start assembly…..

• Create a component with default datum’s • Create an empty component



• To Create a Solid Part and its First Feature:

We can create the first feature of a new part. This initial feature is dependent on the assembly.

Access: Click or Insert > Component > Create or drag a component from a browser into the active assembly session.

Steps:

1. The Component Create dialog box opens.

2. Click Part, and then Solid.

3. Accept the default name or enter a new name, and click OK. The Creation Options dialog box opens.

4. Click Create Features, and click OK. We are now working as though the new model is the active model.

5. Create features using the Insert or Edit commands in the top menu or commands in the Feature toolbar.

6. Create the geometry of the new part either by referencing existing geometry within the assembly or without using references:

• To Create a Mirror Copy of a Part:

Access: Choose Insert > Component > Create, or click from toolbar



Steps: 1. The Component Create dialog box appears. 2. Click Part, and then Mirror. 3. Enter a name for the new part. The MIRROR PART menu appears. 4. Choose one of the following:

Reference: References the second part to obtain its information. When the referenced part changes, the mirrored part changes. Copy: Copies all the features and relations of the original part into the mirrored part. The mirrored part then becomes a separate, unrelated object.

5. Select a part in the assembly to mirror. 6. Select or create the mirror plane.

8.5. Creating Subassemblies

A) To Create a Subassembly by Copying an Assembly

Access: Insert > Component > Create, or click We can specify a component to copy “on-the-fly and place the copy in the

assembly immediately. Steps:

1. Choose Insert > Component > Create, or click from toolbar

2. Click Subassembly, and then Standard..3. Accept the default name or enter a new name, and click OK. The Creation Options dialog box opens.

3. Click Copy From Existing.

4. Click Browse, select the name of a component to copy, and click Open.

The name of the selected component appears in the Copy From text box.

5. We can select Leave Component Unplaced to include the new component in the assembly without defining placement constraints.

6. Click OK.

Note: The new subassembly is placed in the assembly, or it is included in the assembly as an unplaced component if we selected Leave Component Unplaced



B) To Create a Subassembly and Set Default Datum’s Access: Insert > Component > Create, or click

We can create a subassembly and assemble it automatically to references in the assembly. The system creates constraints to locate the default datum planes of the new subassembly relative to the selected assembly references. Steps:

1. Choose Insert > Component > Create, or click from toolbar

2. Click Subassembly, and then Standard.

3. Accept the default name or enter a new name, and click OK. The Creation Options dialog box opens.

4. Click Locate Default Datum’s. The Locate Datum’s Method area of the

dialog box opens.

5. Select references from the assembly using one of the Locate Datums Method options:

• Three Planes • Axis Normal To Plane • Align Csys To Csys

The system creates a new subassembly with default datums and places

6. Define features for the new subassembly that will automatically use the

default datum planes for their references. If we used either the Three Planes or the Axis Normal To Plane option, the sketching plane is the first plane that We selected. If we used the Align Csys To Csys option, We must select the sketching plane.

7. Once we create a feature or quit its creation, the system places the new component in the assembly in the way in which its default planes are mated (by Mate Offset with zero offsets) to the selected references in the assembly.

C) To Create a Mirror Copy of a Subassembly:

Access: Insert > Component > Create>Sub assembly>Mirror, or click Steps:

1. Click Subassembly, and then Mirror.



2. Enter a name for the new subassembly to be created, and click OK. The Mirror Subassembly dialog box opens, and the GET SELECT menu appears.

3. Select a subassembly to mirror. The name of the selected subassembly is displayed in the Subassembly Reference area of the dialog box.

4. To select the subassembly reference, click the selection button and use the GET SELECT menu.

5. To select or create the planar reference (the mirror plane), click the selection button and use the SETUP PLANE menu to select a plane or create a datum about which to mirror.

6. We can use any planar reference, as is the case when creating a mirrored part in Part mode. It is good practice to mirror about a plane belonging to the part to be mirrored.

7. Click OK. 8. The new mirror component is created. A checklist dialog box opens,

displaying a list of the components in the source subassembly. 9. Specify the components from the source subassembly to be included in

the new mirror component: • To include some components, individually select each component

to be mirrored. • To include all the components, select Include all subcomponents. • To create an empty subassembly mirror, do not select any

components for mirroring. 10. Click OK. 11. If we created an empty mirror subassembly, the new subassembly is

complete, and it is listed in the Model Tree. 12. We can use the editor to change the file name of each new mirror copy

component.

13. Choose File > Save or Save As to save the current Portable file. In the Save File dialog box, enter an output file name, and click OK.

14. The system displays a confirmation message to confirm execution of the

new mirror component. Click Yes to execute, and then choose Done/Select and Done/Return from the COMPONENT menu. D) Mirror Copies of Subassemblies

The Mirror option, available when creating subassemblies using the

Create Component dialog box, provides an automated method for creating a mirror copy of a subassembly, eliminating the laborious process of mirroring each component manually. Subassembly mirrors are useful for assemblies that have a symmetric mirror design. We can create subassembly mirrors for both symmetric



and asymmetric components. The mirrored components are generated as a mirror reference, as when individual parts are mirrored manually. To create a mirror, We specify the plane of symmetry by identifying an existing datum plane or by creating one on the fly. When a subassembly is mirrored, the assembly features that belong to that subassembly are mirrored as well. The system treats a mirrored subassembly in the same way as a subassembly, and the Merge feature is the first feature. When a component is mirrored individually, or when a subassembly is mirrored, the new component is placed with a Default constraint. The Bill of Materials is a snapshot (independent), and the geometry is By Reference (dependent). We can redefine either the placement of the newly created subassembly, or the placement of the components that make up this newly created subassembly. Redefining has the following results:

The placement of the newly created subassembly mirror (or the newly created components) is independent of any changes to the placement of the parent (mirrored) components.

The new subassembly mirror will update according to any subsequent geometric changes to the parent components. We can mirror packaged and unplaced components and redefine placement (making the mirrors independent of changes to placement of the parent). Mirrors of packaged components are frozen in space where they are and placed by default. If the parent assembly is outside the active subassembly, the new-mirrored subassembly remains frozen if the active subassembly is subsequently loaded without the top-level assembly in session. If the parent subassembly has any components excluded, substituted, or in a graphics representation state because of a simplified representation setting, these components are excluded because the master assembly is not in session. The system displays a message, "Only components of the subassembly which are in a Master or Geometry Rep state will be mirrored."

8.6. Working with Components in Assembly Mode

Pro/ENGINEER treats components in an assembly in much the same way that it treats features in a part. Therefore, we can use the commands in the COMPONENT menu in exactly the same way in Assembly mode as in Part mode. We can use the Adv Utils command to access advanced assembly component functionality.

• To Delete a Component from an Assembly Access:

1. Select Component Choose Edit> Delete or Right click on the component to delete a component and its children from an assembly.



2. To Suppress a Component from Active Memory Choose Edit> Suppress to suppress a component from active memory.

Suppressed Components When we retrieve an assembly, the system does not retrieve suppressed

components at all. This saves time and memory when working with large assemblies. Suppressed components do not appear in mass properties and cross sections, and we cannot store them (when using the Save As or Backup option).

• To Create User-Defined Features (UDFs)

Access: Tools>UDF Library To access commands to define, modify, and manipulate user-defined

features (UDFs). We can use these commands as in Part mode. However, there are some restrictions for using these commands in Assembly.

• Redefining Component Placement Constraints After we place a component, we can redefine its placement constraints.

Using the Component Placement dialog box, we can add or remove constraints for the active component, and redefine any of its constraints in the following ways:

• Align • Align Offset • Mate • Mate Offset • Orient

Modify:

1. Reset an Align constraint to forced or unforced 2. Flip sides 3. Modify the offset value 4. Specify new assembly references 5. Specify new component references

When redefining component placement, we can select datums or make them on the fly, as is the case when we are placing a component. When we use the Default constraint, the system places the component at the assembly origin. Use the Fix constraint to fix the current location of the component that was moved or packaged. The system fully constrains the packaged component in its current location. We can redefine components in a simplified representation that have not been substituted or excluded in the current representation.

• To Redefine Component Constraints



Access: Edit> Definition

1. Choose Edit> Definition and then select the component to redefine, or right-click the assembly or component name in the Model Tree and choose Redefine from the pop-up menu. The Component Placement dialog box opens.

2. Select one of the constraints listed in the Constraints area of the dialog

box. For each constraint, We can choose what to redefine using the following options: Constraint Type: Changes the constraint type to any reasonable type for the assembly (for example, Align to Align Offset).

3. We can select Remove or Add at any time:

4. After we redefine the constraints for the active component, click OK

8.7. Replacing Components in an Assembly

Access: Edit>replace

When a component is replaced, the system swaps the new component into the assembly in the same place geometrically, and into the Model Tree. We can automatically replace an assembly component with another model that shares similar constraints and references, if the model to be replaced is a member of a family table or a functional interchange assembly, or if it is declared to a laWet. These replacement options are available in the Replace Component dialog box when applicable to the component selected for replacement. Unavailable options appear dimmed. The system automatically assembles the new component, if possible. If necessary, for example, if references are missing, the Component Placement dialog box opens, and we must manually establish placement constraints. When we replace a component with one that is unrelated by family table, interchange assembly, or laWet, we must manually reposition the replacement component and any components that were assembled to the original part. The system always tries to assemble the component automatically. If it is unable to do so, it keeps as many constraints as possible. We can also replace a component by new copy, that is, by creating a new component based on the existing component and swapping the new



component into the assembly. This replacement method is especially useful for creating a new skeleton model and swapping it into the assembly. We can replace a skeleton model only by family table and by new copy. We can replace more than one component at a time in an assembly. Either multiple occurrences of a single component can be replaced by a single component, or multiple components can be replaced by multiple unique components.

• To Copy a Component Steps:

1. After assembling the component, click Edit > Component Operations > Copy.

2. Create or select an assembly coordinate system.

3. Select the component(s) to copy. The EXIT menu and TRANS DIR menu appear.

4. Specify the moves using the following options from the EXIT menu to create the additional components. As in patterns, specify any number of incremental changes for a move in different directions. We can use any number of instructions per direction, but We can specify a maximum of three directions.

• Translate: Patterns the component in the direction of the specified axis.

• Rotate: Patterns the component about the specified axis.

If we choose Rotate, the ROTATE DIR menu appears.

Choose X Axis, Y Axis, or Z Axis from the TRANS DIR menu or the ROTATE DIR menu.

5. As we finish each set of moves, choose Done Move from the EXIT menu.

6. Specify the number of instances to create along this direction and repeat steps 4 and 5 to define the next copy direction. Continue this process until we have placed all copies.

7. Choose Done from the EXIT menu to execute all the moves.

8.8. Using the Assembly Model Tree

A graphical, hierarchical representation of the assembly is shown in the

Model Tree window. The nodes of the Model Tree represent the subassemblies,



parts and features that make up an assembly. Icons, or symbols, provide additional information.

We can expand or compress the tree display by double-clicking with the left mouse button on the name of the component. The Model Tree contains a pop-up menu, providing direct access to the following Assembly operations:

Modify an assembly or any component in an assembly Open the component model Redefine component constraints Reroute, delete, suppress, resume, replace, and pattern components

• Create, assemble, or include a new component

• Create assembly features • Access model and component information • Redefine the display status of all components • Redefine the display status of individual

components

8.9. Exploded Views

Access: click on (View Manager) or View > View Manager To view all components in an assembly clearly, We can create and modify

exploded views of components using the "drag and drop" functionality.

Using Explode in the View Manager, We can automatically create an exploded view of an assembly. Exploding an assembly only affects the display of the assembly; it does not alter true design distances between components.



We create explode states to define the exploded position of all

components. For each explode state, we can switch the explode status of components, change the explode locations of components, and create explode offset lines. Steps:

1. Click or View > View Manager. The View Manager Dialog box opens.

2. Click Explode.

3. Click Edit > Redefine. The MOD EXPLODE menu appears.

4. Choose Position. The MTNPREF menu appears.

8.10. Translate and Rotate a Component About an Axis

Once we have parametrically placed a component in the assembly, we can move it with respect to a coordinate system.



Steps:

1. Choose Edit> Component operation >Translate. Select or create an assembly coordinate system.

2. Select the component(s) to move; then choose Done

Sel.

3. Choose Translate or Rotate from the MOVE menu. Select the axis about which to translate/rotate the component.

1. Enter the distance of translation along the selected

direction, or the angle of rotation about the selected axis.

8.11. Patterning Components

Access: Edit>Pattern, or click We can pattern a component in the following ways:

• Reference Pattern: Select the leader of an existing component or feature

pattern; then in the Edit Features toolbar or click Edit > Pattern pattern it using Ref Pattern. A pattern must exist in order to use this option.

• Fill Pattern: Assemble the first component on a surface, and use a datum curve on that surface to generate a fill pattern of the component.

• Dimension-Driven Pattern (Nontable): Create the nontable pattern as a pattern by itself using Dim Pattern with placement dimensions from the constraints applied. We can create a nontable pattern using the same model for each member of the pattern.

• Dimension-Driven Pattern (Table): Create the table pattern as a pattern by itself using Dim Pattern with placement dimensions from the constraints applied.

• Same model: We can create a table pattern using the same model for each member of the pattern.

• Different model: We can create a table pattern using different models for each member of the pattern.



If a component was created in the context of an assembly with the Create First Feature option, we cannot pattern it. Choose a command to set up preferences for components.

8.12. Package

Access: Click Insert > Component > Package > Add. When we are adding a component to an assembly, we may not know where that member fits best, or we might not want to locate it relative to other geometry. We can leave such a component either partially constrained, or unconstrained. This component would be a packaged component. Although it is a part of the assembly, it is not assembled parametrically. Use packaging as a temporary means to locate the component; finalize the location of the component with assembly constraints. One way to package a component is to use the PACKAGE menu. Another way to package a component is to assemble the component, then close the Component Placement dialog box before the component is fully constrained.

We can reposition a packaged component using either the Move command on the PACKAGE menu, or the Move lawet available from the Component Placement dialog box.

Using the Add command in the PACKAGE menu, we can place components into an assembly nonparametrically (that is, without constraining them relative to neighboring parts). Note: The first component of an assembly cannot be a packaged component. However, we can package additional occurrences of the first component.

Steps:

1. Click Insert > Component > Package > Add. The GET MODEL menu displays the following options:

• Open: Opens the File Open dialog box to select a component.



• Sel On Model: Allows we to select any component on the screen and adds a new occurrence of it to the assembly.

• Sel Last: Adds the last component assembled or packaged.

2. Choose an option from this menu.

3. Select a component. The Move dialog box opens.

The system automatically places the component in the default position. The component then follows the cursor in a dynamic drag mode, ready for us to place it.

4. Click the left mouse button to drop the component in the current position.

5. Use the Move dialog box to adjust the position of the packaged component.

8.13. Flexible Components

Flexible components allow a model to be presented within the assembly in

different states. For example a spring can be used in different compression conditions. The solid model geometry and structure of the reference model is not modified when a component is flexible. We can define flexible components:

• While placing the component

• After placing the component

Access: Use one of the following methods to open the Varied Items dialog box:

• Right-mouse clicks the component in the Model Tree to make flexible and then click Make Flexible.

• Click Setup > Flexibility to predefine flexibility in a model.

• Click Insert > Flexible Component and then select the component from the Open dialog box to make flexible.

• To Place a Flexible Component: We can place flexible components into the top assembly or into the active subassembly. Steps:

1. Select a component to be placed.



2. Click Insert > Component > Flexible Component. The Open dialog box opens.

3. Select the component to be placed and then click Open. The Varied Items dialog box opens.

4. Define the varied items and then click Placement. The Component Placement dialog box opens.

5. Define placement constraints and then click OK.

Varied items can be predefined for any standard flexible part or assembly

• Values for dimensions, tolerances, and parameters

• Suppress or resume state of features and components (for subassemblies)

Flexible components contain the following properties:

• Flexible component name remains the same as the original component even though the shape or structure is different.

• Flexible components refer to the same original model. The original model must be present in the Pro/ENGINEER session.

• Common properties are items not selected as varied. These common properties are associatively shared between the original model and all related flexible components. Modifying a common property of a flexible component means modifying the original model.

• Creating or modifying a varied item affects the flexible component, not the original model.

Case 1 Case 2



• Varied dimensions can be associated with a measurement in the assembly context.

• Varied items can be driven by an assembly relation, program, or family table using corresponding associated parameters.

• Varied items of a flexible subassembly can directly affect components at any level of the subassembly. Such components are known as "Affected by Flexible".

• Children of flexible components and "Affected by Flexible" components are known as "Driven by Flexible".

• We can automatically place components with pre-defined flexibility.

8.14. Assembly Skeletons

We can use skeletons to create a 3-D layout of an assembly, space plan, and visualize assembly design without developing the components. Later you can use the skeleton as a central reference that you can change to update components by padding information down through the assembly structure. Skeletons are not included in the Bill of Material. The skeleton model of the assembly is the framework of the assembly. A skeleton model is a specialized component of an assembly. You can create the required references in the skeleton such as datum planes, axes etc. You can copy these references into other components and control whether they should be dependent or independent.

• Layouts: Pro/NOTEBOOK acts as an engineering notebook, enabling you to create two-dimensional (2-D) conceptual sketches, called layouts, for beginning the design process and maintaining design intent as you develop solid models.

We can associate layouts with models to exchange information through global parameters and their values. Following is one of the ways of using the Top-Down tools in Pro/Engineer: 1. Create a new assembly file. 2. Go for creating a skeleton-model through Component-Create. 3. In the Create Options select the option Empty.



A skeleton model is added to the model tree. 4. Open the Skeleton Model and create the references which you can later copy in the respective parts. 5. Similarly create the required number of parts using Component-Create and selecting the create option as empty. 6. Open each part and do the following:

1. Feature-Create –Data Sharing – External Copy Geometry. 2. Open the skeleton part and copy the required references into the

part file. 3. Create the required geometry in the part file. 4. Save and close. 5. Repeat the same procedure for all the other parts.

Pro/E-wildfire Drafting


Drafting Chapter 9

Contents 9.1. About Drawing Setup File Options 9.2. To Create a Drawing Setup File 9.3. Format creation for template 9.4. Add Models to the Drawing 9.5. Set the Current Working Model 9.6. Drawing view 9.7. Drawing Dimensioning 9.8. Dimension Tolerances 9.9. Geometric Tolerances 9.10. Symbols to a Drawing 9.11. Surface Finish Symbols 9.12. Datum Plane, Datum Axis 9.13. Cut, Copy and Paste 9.14. Drawing Notes 9.15. Drawing Table 9.16. Repeat Regions



9. Detailing and Drawing creation

Using the Pro/ENGINEER Drawing mode, we can create drawings of all

Pro/ENGINEER models, or import drawing files from other systems.

Access: File > New, In the New dialog box, click Drawing.

Drafting Chapter 9

Contents 9.1. About Drawing Setup File Options 9.2. To Create a Drawing Setup File 9.3. Format creation for template 9.4. Add Models to the Drawing 9.5. Set the Current Working Model 9.6. Drawing view 9.7. Drawing Dimensioning 9.8. Dimension Tolerances 9.9. Geometric Tolerances 9.10. Symbols to a Drawing 9.11. Surface Finish Symbols 9.12. Datum Plane, Datum Axis 9.13. Cut, Copy and Paste 9.14. Drawing Notes 9.15. Drawing Table 9.16. Repeat Regions



Browse the model

Use existing template To create a drawing without a template

but with an existing format Without template with standard format

Template wizard

Use template:

9.1. About Drawing Setup File Options

Pro/ENGINEER saves drawing setup file options with each individual drawing and drawing format. These setup file options determine such characteristics as the height of dimension and note text, text orientation, geometric tolerance standards, font properties, drafting standards, and arrow lengths. The system gives default values to these setup file options, but we can modify the values to customize a drawing, and save them to use in other drawings. The system saves (and retrieves) the values in a drawing setup file named filename.dtl. The file that we specify in the configuration file option drawing setup file establishes the default drawing setup file option values for any drawing that we create during a Pro/ENGINEER session. If we do not set this option, the system uses the default drawing setup file option values. If we have a license for Pro/DETAIL, we can install sample drawing setup files for DIN, ISO, and JIS from the load point/text directory with the following names:

• din.dtl (International Organization for Standardization) • iso.dtl (Japanese Institute of Standards)



• jis.dtl (Deutsches Institut für Normung / German Institute for Standardization)

Retrieve these setup files to set the desired environment in wer drawing. We use File>Properties> Draw option on the Menu Manager to create, retrieve, and modify a drawing setup file. This command opens the Options dialog box.

9.2. To Create a Drawing Setup File

Using Properties> Draw Setup on the DRAWING menu, we can create a

drawing setup file by saving a copy of the default setup file under a different file name, and then editing the copy. Drawing setup files contain the extension .dtl. 1. In the Menu Manager, click DRAWING > Advanced > Draw Setup. The

Options dialog box opens and displays the options in the current drawing setup file. The options are organized in the list according to the function that they perform.

2. Save a copy of the current file under a different file name by clicking to open the Save a Copy dialog box. Then, save a copy of the current file under a different file name.

3. Click to open the new setup file, and then make edits to the file as desired.

4. After editing the file, click Apply to apply wer changes, and then click Close to exit the Options dialog box. The new file is saved to the current working directory and is available for use by other drawings.

9.3. Format creation for template

Access: File > New, In the New dialog box, click Format

When drawings are created, the system will prompt the user for a name

for the drawing file. Then the user is prompted for either a sheet size or a drawing format. Standard sheet sizes A – F and A0 – A4 may be selected, a variable sheet size may be defined, or an existing drawing format can be retrieved.



We can create format of template using sketcher tool

9.4. Add Models to the Drawing

When we start a new drawing file we are prompted in the New File dialog box

for a 3D model file to reference. Once the drawing is in progress, to add other models to the drawing file:

• Click File > Properties. The Menu Manager opens. • In the Menu Manager click File Properties > Dwg Models > Add Model.

A file browser opens. • Use the browser to select the model we want to add to the list of models

associated with the drawing. Adding a model to the drawing does not place a view of the model on the sheet, but it lets the drawing reference the model so that we can place a view.

9.5. Set the Current Working Model

If a drawing has more than one model added to it, one of the models is

always the current working model. Use this procedure to switch current status from one model to another.

• Click File > Properties. The Menu Manager opens and displays the File Properties menu.

• In the Menu Manager click Dwg Models > Set Model. The Draw Model menu opens.

• Select the model from the name list menu. It contains only model names that we have added to the drawing.

Alternately, we can set the active model using the Set Model drop down list, found on the toolbar.

9.6. Drawing view



The five main view types are: • General • Projection • Auxiliary • Detailed • Revolved • Copy and

align

General view: A general view is usually the first view placed on a sheet.

1. Click Insert > Drawing View > General. Or click on 2. Select a location on the screen to place the general view. The general

view appears and the Drawing View dialog box opens. 3. From view wizard select view type.

4. To lock the movement of view click on



1. View type: From drawing view window we can select view type in accordance with standard, default and user defined.

2. Visible Area: From visible area we can go for-

• Full view: by default it is on full view • Half View: Removes a portion of the model from the view on one

side of a cutting plane. 1. Select Half View from the View Visibility list.

Fig. Full view



2. Select the reference that will divide the view. The cutting plane may be a planar surface or a datum, but it must be perpendicular to the screen in the new view

3. Define which half of the model to display by clicking the single red arrow

• Partial view

1. Select Partial View from the View Visibility list. 2. Select the geometry of the view near the center of the area we want

to retain in the partial view. 3. Sketch a spline encompassing the area we want to show.

Plane for Half View Half View

Fig. Half-view

Current View for creation of Center point and

boundary for creation of Partial View

Fig. Partial View Creation



• Broken view We can create broken views in both vertical and horizontal

directions with as many breaks as we want. We can also create broken views with local cross sections. The space between the breaks—the offset distances—is defined as a vertical or horizontal distance between two subsequent pieces of the view. 1. Broken views remove a portion of the model from between two or

more selected points 2. Select Broken View from the View Visibility list

3. Click to add a break to the view 4. Sketch a horizontal or vertical break line by selecting a geometry

reference and then dragging the mouse in the desired direction

• Projection View: 1. Click Insert > Drawing View > Projection. 2. Select the parent view that we wish to display in the projection. A box

appears over the parent view, representing the projection.

3. We can also create a projection view by selecting and right-clicking the parent view. Click Insert Projection View from the shortcut menu.

• Auxiliary view:

An auxiliary view is a type of projection view that projects at right angles to a selected surface or axis. The direction of the selected surface determines the projection channel.

1. Click Insert > Drawing View > Auxiliary Auxiliary view

Reference edge

Reference Break Lines

Broken View with Heart Beat Break lines

Fig. Broken view



2. Select an edge, axis, datum plane, or surface to create the auxiliary view from

3. Drag the box horizontally or vertically to the desired location. Left-click to place the view.

• Detailed view:

A detailed view is a small portion of a model shown enlarged in another view 1. Click Insert > Drawing View > Detailed 2. Select the point on an existing drawing view that we want to enlarge in a

detailed view 3. Sketch a spline closed the area we want to show in detail 4. Do not worry about sketching a perfect shape because the spline is

automatically corrected 5. Middle-click when the sketch is complete

Revolved view:

A revolved view is a cross section of an existing view, revolved 90 degrees around a cutting plane projection.

1. Click Insert > Drawing View > Revolved 2. Select the view to cross section 3. Select a location on the drawing to display the revolved view,

approximately along the cutting plane projection in the parent view. Copy and align view

If we already have a partial or detailed view in the drawing we can create another aligned partial view as a copy of the original, but with a different boundary defined.

1. Click Insert > Drawing Views > Copy and Align 2. Select the partial view we wish copy and display in an alternative

view 3. Select where we want to place the detailed view on the drawing.

Plane

Fig. Revolved view



4. Select a reference point on the new view to define the center of the partial portion Sketch a spline encompassing both the reference point and the area we want to show

Sectional View: Select view

9.7. Drawing Dimensioning

We can display the dimensions of the model on the drawing by selecting Detail, show/Erase, and picking on the dimension icon. Selecting the appropriate filter options can show the dimensions: A) Showing Driving Dimensions: the information stored within model itself, these dimensions is actively linked to the 3D model, so we can directly edit the 3D model through the dimension in the drawing.

Access: Click View >Show and Erase. Steps:

1. Click Show, which parameter we want to retrieve 2. After generation which dimension we want to keep or delete. 3. Click on show all to show all dimension. 4. Accept All to Keep all the previewed dimensions, Erase All to Erase all

the previewed dimensions

Fig. Detail view

Spline

Fig. sectional view



B) Inserting Driven Dimensions:

Creating new dimensions within the drawing. These inserted dimensions are called added or driven dimensions, because their association is only one-way. If dimensions are changed in the model, all edited dimension values and the drawing is updated, but we can't use these driven dimensions to edit the 3D model. Access: Insert>dimension>New reference, common reference, ordinate, Auto ordinate

Dimension

Reference Dimension

Geometric Tolerance

Note

Balloon

Axis

Symbol

Surface finish

Datum plane

Cosmetic feature

Datum target



New reference: Common reference Ordinate Auto ordinate (Select ordinate dim. and base line) (Select plane and base line)

*Same procedure apply for reference dimension Coordinate Dimension: Insert>coordinate Dimension



9.8. Dimension Tolerances

Every part and assembly in Pro/ENGINEER is fully toleranced. To see

the tolerances in various modes we need to turn them on and off. ● Display On / Off: ● In part and Assembly modes. Choose Environment Display Tol to over ride the ● Tol_Display configuration. ● In drawing File>Properties>Drawing Option set Tol_Display to yes in the

drawing setup file. We can set the tolerance standard as ANSI or ISO, and set the tolerance

display on or off. We can drive dimensional tolerances using a set of tolerance tables. The system assigns each model a tolerance standard of either ANSI or ISO.

Access: Click > File>Properties>Tolerance Standard> Standard> ISO/DIN. or ANSI

• To Set the Tolerance Display for Individual Dimensions 1. Select a dimension. 2. From the right mouse button pop up menu, click Properties. 3. In the Modify Dimension dialog box, select a tolerance format from the

Tolerance Mode list. Specify values in the appropriate fields: • For the Limits format, specify values in the Upper Tolerance and Lower

Tolerance boxes. • For the Nominal and Plus-Minus formats, specify values in the Nominal

Value, Upper Tolerance, and Lower Tolerance boxes. • For the +-Symmetric and As Is formats, specify a value in the Nominal

Value box. 5. Click OK. When tolerances appear, the system lists the default tolerance

values in the lower-right corner of the screen

9.9. Geometric Tolerances

In manufacturing, we can use geometric tolerances to specify the maximum allowable deviation from the exact size and shape specified by



designers. We can create, modify, display, and delete geometric tolerances (gtols) in Drawing mode.

Geometric tolerances provide a comprehensive method of specifying where on a part the critical surfaces are, how they relate to one another, and how the part should be inspected to determine if it is acceptable.

To Add a Geometric Tolerance to a Drawing Access: Click Insert > Geometric Tolerance. The Geometric Tolerance dialog box opens. 1. In the Geometric Tolerance dialog box, specify the model in which to add the geometric tolerance (the system selects Model Refs). By default, the current geometric tolerance model is the current drawing model. 2. Select the geometric tolerance type and the reference entity (the type of entity

to which the geometric tolerance applies). 3. Click Place Gtol. If the geometric tolerance is attached directly to a datum, it

appears (the system selects Datum for we from the Type list). Otherwise, select an item from the Type list and place the geometric tolerance in the drawing. Note: As we continue creating the geometric tolerance, the system updates it on the drawing. We can check wer work as we go along and make corrections, if necessary. 5. Specify the datum reference(s) and material condition(s), if applicable. 6. Type a tolerance value and material condition, if applicable. Specify symbols and modifiers, the profile direction, and the projected tolerance zone, if applicable. The completed geometric tolerance now appears in the drawing. 9. Do one of the following: Close the dialog box and save the changes by clicking OK. The system clears the reference entity selection and placement information from the dialog box, but retains all other data. When we reenter geometric tolerance Creation mode, it retains all commands in the previous session of geometric tolerance creation for the object in the current window.



Create another geometric tolerance by clicking New Gtol. Delete the geometric tolerance from the model by choosing GEOM TOL > Clear to delete the geometric tolerance from the model. Exit geometric tolerance creation mode and cancel the changes by clicking Cancel.

Straightness Flatness

Circularity

Cylindricity

Line Profile

Surface Profile

Angularity Perpendicularity

Parallelism

Position

Concentricity Symmetry

Circular Runout Total Runout



9.10. Symbols to a Drawing

The Symbol Instance dialog box is used to transfer symbols to and from

the drawing and symbol instance pallette. When we add a symbol to a drawing, we create an instance. To find the name and directory path of the symbol corresponding to an instance, use the Show Name command in the

Access: Insert>Drawing symbol>From palette or click Using the Symbol Instance dialog box, we can create new symbol instances and preview them during the creation process. Specifically, we can do the following: ● Specify placement characteristics: ● Content ● Height ● Angle ● Position ● Specify the groups to include in the symbol. ● Modify variable text ● Adjust instance location

Symbol instances exist only in the drawing format. In Drawing mode, we cannot edit symbols that we created and added to formats in Format mode if we add the format to a drawing. To edit the symbol, retrieve the format in Format mode and make any of the necessary changes. To access format symbols in Drawing mode, write the symbol to disk and retrieve it into the drawing from the appropriate directory in which the file is stored.

• To Create a Symbol Instance:

Access: Click Insert > Drawing Symbol>Custom or click The Symbol Instance dialog box opens Steps:

1. Click on New to draw or create wer own symbol. 2. Type the height and value of the instance. 3. Specify the placement type by selecting an item from the Type list. 4. Click Place Inst… to place the symbol in the drawing.

• To Store a Symbol: Steps:

1. Click Format > Symbol Gallery. The DWG SYMBOL menu appears. 2. Click Write.



3. Specify the symbol by choosing Name or Pick Inst from the GET SYMBOL menu.

4. Type the offset directory path from the directory specified by pro symbol_dir in which to store the symbol. We do not have to store the symbol in order to continue using it in the drawing. However, if we do not write it to disk, the system only stores it locally in the drawing and does not make it available for use in other drawings or by other users.

9.11. Surface Finish Symbols

We can add surface finish symbols to a model using standard surface finish symbols available with Pro/DETAIL, or we can create wer own surface finish symbols. We can access a set of standard surface finish symbols in Pro/ENGINEER. Access: Insert > Surface Finish. Steps:

1. Using the GET SYMBOL menu, do one of the following: • Use Name to select a symbol from the namelist menu. This menu lists all

of the symbols that are currently in the drawing. When symbols appear to have the same names, but are, in fact, from different symbol directories, the system identifies them in the SYMBOL NAMES menu with a number in parentheses (#). The one-line help for each name provides the name

and path for each symbol. • Use Pick Inst to select a symbol by selecting any instance of the symbol

in the drawing.

• Use Retrieve to select a symbol by choosing one from a list of symbols on disk. Selecting UP brings us up one directory. Selecting another directory name brings us down to that directory. The menu name is the name of the current directory. Unlike storing a symbol, we can retrieve one from anywhere we have read permission, both up and down the directory tree.

2. Choose one of the commands from the INST ATTACH menu.

Type Generic Machined Unmachined

no value

standard value value value



3. Respond to the system prompts and menu commands for the commands we chose.

4. Type a value for the surface roughness. The system places the symbol on each surface we select on the drawing with the size relative to the default text height.

9.12. Datum Plane, Datum Axis

• To Create a Datum Axis The system displays draft axes in leader style with centerline font. Steps:

1. On the Pro/ENGINEER menu bar, click Insert > Datum > Axis. 2. In the Axis dialog box, type a name in the Name box. 3. Click Define.... 4. Constrain the datum axis by choosing commands from the DATUM AXIS

menu; then choose Done. 5. To continue creating datum axes, click New, type another name in the

Name box, and click Define.... • To Create a Datum Plane Feature

In Drawing mode, we can create datum plane features in a model; however,

we cannot create a datum plane on the model if the model is read-only in the drawing. Steps:

1. Choose Insert > Datum > Plane. 2. In the Datum dialog box, type a name in the Name box. If we do not

specify a name, the system assigns the name as DTM#. 3. Do one of the following: • Click Define, and then constrain the datum by choosing commands from

the DATUM PLANE menu; then click Done.

• Click on Surface to place the datum plane feature on a planar model surface. Under Type, choose the type of datum we want to create.

4. If we are creating a set datum, click Free or In Dim to specify its

placement. When the system has fully constrained the datum, it creates it; however, it displays the datum only if it is perpendicular to the screen and we



have selected Display Datum Planes in the environment dialog box (or if we have selected Planes in the Datum Display dialog box).

5. To continue creating datum, click New, type another name in the Name box, and click Define... or On Surface....

9.13. Cut, Copy and Paste

We can manipulate detail items using cut, copy, and paste functionality.

When we cut, copy or paste items such as notes, symbols, draft entities and tables, the selected items are copied temporarily to the clipboard and then pasted onto the same sheet, a different sheet, or a different drawing. The detail items that we can cut, copy and paste are as follows: ● Notes (with and without leaders) ● Balloons ● Symbols ● Draft entities ● Draft dimensions ● Tables Keyboard accelerators can also be used to perform cut, copy and paste functions:

• Cut : CTRL+X • Copy :CTRL+C • Paste :CTRL+V

The Cut command works similarly to the Copy command in that the selected detail item is copied to the clipboard. However, the Cut command moves the selected item from its original location to its new location.

9.14. Drawing Notes

In Drawing mode, a note can be part of a dimension, attached to one or more edges on the model, or "free." Pro/ENGINEER creates note text using the default values (such as height, font) specified in the Format > Text Style Gallery dialog box commands. During the note making process, we specify the following characteristics: Leaders



• No leader or multiple leaders • A leader attached to a model edge or draft entity, pointing anywhere

on the drawing • A leader attached to a model edge or datum point • An ISO-standard leader line • A leader that is normal to an entity • A leader that is tangent to an entity

Format/Placement • Horizontal • Vertical • Displayed at a specified angle • Left-justified • Right-justified • Centered • Related to dimension text

Text style After we create wer first note, Pro/ENGINEER creates subsequent notes

using those attributes that we specified previously.

• To Add a Drawing Note

1. Choose Insert > Note or click Use the Note Types menu on the Menu Manager to specify the note appearance and contents source: Note Type:

No Leader : No leader Leader : Leader attached to specified point. ISO Leader : Two leaders converging in one note. On Item :No leader, note is directly attached to selected item. Offset :No Leader, select a point offset from a selected draft item.

Note Source, (Enter or File) and if a leader is used, leader orientation, • Standard : Uses the default leader type. • Normal Ldr : Makes the leader normal to the entity; in this case, the

note can have only one leader. • Tangent Ldr : Makes the leader tangent to the entity; in this case, the

note can have only one leader.



2. Still n the same menu, specify the alignment, (Left, Center, Right) and text style. (By default the note is made with the current style, or last one we used. Use Cur Style to select a new current style from a list of defined styles, or click Style Lib to define a new style. or select one from the library.)

3. When we have finished, choose Make Note. We are prompted to supply the contents of the note either by selecting a file or by typing in the prompt line. Select the location on an edge or datum point for the note. 1. Type an angle for the note between 0 and 359 degrees.

9.15. Drawing Table

A drawing table is a grid of rows and columns in which we enter text. It has justified text, cells in which we type text, and a specified number of characters and lines per cell. The text in a drawing table has complete drawing text functionality; we can modify it using the MODIFY TEXT menu commands. We can enter dimension symbols and drawing labels as well, and the system updates them as we modify the model or drawing. We can include a drawing table in drawing formats, drawings, and lawets.

• To Create a Drawing Table

Access: Click on or Table>Insert>table or Table from file 1. From TABLE CREATE menu, choose a command. 2. Locate the table by clicking on the drawing. If we chose Descending and

Rightward, the system uses the position to indicate the upper-left corner of the table.

3. A scale of numbers appears. The system displays these numbers according to the current text height in the drawing setup file. Mark off the width of each column (the number of characters that the row can contain at the current text height) by selecting a number. Choose Done when we have finished.

4. Mark off the height of each row (the number of lines of text that the row can contain at the current text height) by selecting a number. Choose Done when we have finished.

5. to add column or row in existing table choose Table>Insert>column or row.

6. In table menu other options like Merge, Unmerge cell, Set Rotation origin, Rotate, Line display, Height and Width, BOM Balloons.



BOM with Repeat

• To Enter Text in a Table To add text to or edit text in a drawing table,

1. Double click in the table cell from the TABLE 2. Note properties menu will open from that we can select Text style,

symbol Exiting text etc. We can save this text also

9.16. Repeat Regions

Access: Table>Repeat Region

Repeat regions are user-defined rows and columns, or combinations of rows and columns (cells) that duplicate themselves to accommodate the amount of data that the model currently possesses. They contain the following:

• System and user-defined parameters for which the values are extracted from the model that is associated with the report

• Standard table text

By using repeat regions, wer tables containing report data can expand and contract with varying quantities of data supplied by the models. The following example shows a BOM with repeat regions.

• To Add a Simple Repeat Region to a Table Steps: 1. Choose Table>Repeat Region. 2. Select the uppermost row of the repeat region. 1. Select the bottom row of the repeat region.

• To Enter Report Parameters into a Table If one or more repeat regions already exist, we can type report parameters

into a table manually or by choosing them from a menu. Steps: 1. Choose ENTER CELL > Report Sym. 2. Select the cell of the table in which we want to type the text. The REPORT

SYM menu displays commands for the first parameter elements: asm, dgm, fam, harn, and rpt.



3. Choose an element. If it needs another, the REPORT SYM menu appears again, with commands for the next parameter element. We can use UP to navigate through the tree structure. Whenever an element needs another element, the system follows the element name by ellipses (...).

The next figure presents a report with a table consisting of three columns and two rows. A repeat region contains the cells from the entire lower row. Repeat Region with Cells from Entire Lower Row

In the next figure, the column header text is typed. In this example, an

index, the assembly member name, and the quantity information are intended to be shown. Repeat Region with Column Header Text

The report parameter symbols "&rpt.index," "&asm.mbr.name," and

"&rpt.qty" are typed into the three cells that make up the repeat region. The system automatically includes an ampersand preceding all parameter symbols if we enter the text by choosing Report Sym from the ENTER CELL menu. The result appears in the following figure. Repeat Region with Report Parameter Symbols

To add the top-level assembly, "Main Vessel," to the report, choose

Views, and then type [Main Vessel]. We do not have to place the drawing view of the assembly at this time. The table expands after we select the model. All of the default attributes are chosen for this repeat region (that is, duplicates, flat). The quantity values are not listed in this expanded table because the Duplicates command lists all occurrences of assembly members separately. Therefore, all quantities are assumed to be 1. The resulting table appears as shown in the following figure.

Report with Top-Level Assembly

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circle circle

conic arc

tangent arc

arc tangent

arc length

concentric arc

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