The Leader: Personality Type

The Leader: Personality TypeIEMA:Organizational Dynamics

Professor Philip HallingerIEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger1Lesson Learning ObjectivesTo understand the basis for personality type theory.To know and be able to define the four P-Type preferences.To describe key traits that differentiate the four sets of P-Type preferences.To know your own MBTI P-Type and understand what it means.

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2Unit Learning ObjectivesTo define the 4 MBTI P-Type preferences .To know your own MBTI P-Type.To identify accurately the P-Types of different people.To analyze how P-Type impacts the means by which leaders achieve results.To apply P-Type theory to the analysis and solution of common managerial problems.To develop strategies that allow you to lead and work more effectively with different people.

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3What do you Like and Dislike in your working life?4 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094LikeDislikePlanningWorking by myselfContacting clientsWrite reportsOral presentationsSolve problemsLearn new skillsRoutine workTasks with clear goalsWorking without a planWorking in teamsDeadlines??Example: Philips Likes & Dislikes5 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094 Likes Dislikes WhyDesign systemsLearn new thingsUse knowledgeTeaching othersWriting tasksSolve problemsVariety in my workStudent growthControl my timeFreedom in tasksPrivacyInterruptionsMeetingsFollow-up on tasksPoliticsPlanningDevelop action plansSales & MarketingRoutine workImplementing policiesPeople problemsEditing/fixing details?5Your Own Likes & Dislikes6 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094Think about your work activities, responsibilities, tasks in your job. What do you like or dislike about it? On a separate sheet of paper, make a list of your likes and dislikes.Youll complete the 3rd column LATER and enter your responses online. Likes Dislikes Why?6Carl Jungs Personality TheoryCarl Jung, 20th century Swiss psychologistAdapted by Isabel Myers-Briggs creator of the Myers-Briggs Personality Type Inventory Further developed by David Keirsey, author of the Personal Style Inventory (PSI)Most widely used instrument internationally for personnel selection, career counseling, coaching and team development7 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094

IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger7A Practical Theory for Leaders:Ways of Using P-Type at WorkStart with self-awareness.Adapt yourself to others. Adapt your leadership style to the work context. Complement your personal capabilities.Balance the composition of work teams.8 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094

IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger8The 4 PreferencesStart with Self-awareness9 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094

IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger9How you prefer to interactWhere you get your energyExtravert - EIntrovert - IProcess info internallyValue privacyEnergy from inner-selfLike inner thoughtsCommunicate in writing"TERRITORIAL" Process info verbally Seek interaction Get energy from people Results, action-oriented Communicate verbally"SOCIABLE"

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IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger10How you gather informationSensing - SIntuitive - NUse unconsciousPossibilities, potentialLook for patternsAbstract, conceptualNon-linearINSPIRATION Use senses Here & now, practical Focus on details Concrete, data-based Step by stepPERSPIRATION

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IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger11How you make decisionsThinking - TFeeling - FUse logic, analysisUse facts, data, infoCompare pros/consValue impact on measuresFirmer in resolve"OBJECTIVE"Use feelings Rely on personal beliefs & values Emotions or "gut feeling Value impact on peopleMore easily influenced by other people"SUBJECTIVE"12 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094

IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger12How you prefer to live in the worldJudging - JPerceiving - PTake it easyFlexible, spontaneousDo things at the momentProcess-orientedPrefer to leave things open-endedOPEN-ENDEDStructure, orderedDeadlines, timelinesPlan, organize, follow-upDecision-orientedSeek closure in decisions and commitmentsSETTLED

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IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger13Remember!14 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094 You might have a stronger or weaker preference. You can adapt your preferences to the context. These preferences are just differences, not good or bad!EISNTFJP

IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger14P-Type Traits15 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094EXTROVERTSlike variety, changeseek results, outcomeact quicklyseek/accept distractionsspeak freelylike quick jobsthink through speakingINTROVERTS like quiet, uninterrupted reading, thinking think first, then speak/act dislike intrusion, distraction pause before speaking enjoy long projects prefer written expressionSENSORSlike using established wayenjoy using learned skillswork steadily, carefullywork step-by-steppatient with detailsprecise, concrete, practicalorientation to the here and nowINTUITIVESdislike routine taskslike learning new skillswork in burstsmay not take time for precisionimpatientfocus on big picture; visionfuture orientation

15P-Type Traits (cont.)16 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094THINKERS less emotional in dec-making analytical, logical endure conflict decide logically focus on facts, data firm-mindedFEELERS aware of feelings like harmony personal relationships key influenced by people focus on values, feelings reconsider decisionsJUDGERS plan and execute settled and finished may decide too fast want only essentials like to finish one task at a time schedule & plananxious until a decision is madePERCEIVERS adapt to change flexible & open to alternatives have trouble deciding need to know all optionsLike to have many projects tend to be curious anxious after decision is made

16P-types on 4 Dimensions17 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094Favorite world

InformationDecisionsStructureInner world

Outer world

I

E

Just the facts

Interpret, potential

S

iNLogic driven

People driven

T

F

Make decisions

Keep options open

J

P

Energized by privacy

Energized by environment

Introvert

Extrovert

Sensing

Intuitive

ThinkingFeelingJudgingPerceivingImmediate, real, concreteAbstract, concepts, patternsObjective, impersonalDriven by belief & valuesCareful, planning decisiveFlexible, open, possibilitiesPlease Note!Although personality type tends to be stable once you have reached your 20s, it is not fixed.You can adapt a preference to different situations when you feel a strong need and value to do so.However, adapting or acting away from our natural preferences has a cost in energy and causes stress.18 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094

My P-typemy goalsIEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality Type18RequiredTake the P-Type Test

19Take the Online Test (Required)The test consists of questions that ask your preferences.You will assess the degree of preference for each pair of choices by assigning a total of 5 points for each pair.When answering the questions think about your preferences in the workplace.After answering all questions, carefully transfer responses to the summary page.Take the test in the Moodle platform when you exit this presentation.20 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094

20After Completing the TestAdd up the columns for each pair of preferences; the higher number for each pair shows your preference.What if I have a tie score? If you are clear about 3 of the preferences such as STJ but have 20/20 for one preferences such as E/I read about ISTJ and ESTJ in the reference document.Write your P-Type on the bottom of the page, e.g., ESTJ, INFP, ENTJ.Read about your type in articles and online resources. Long descriptions of each type are included in the resource titled "16 Personality Types" (Click the attachments button at the bottom of the Presenter viewer to open the article.)21 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094

Identify Your P-Type

INTJDriving forward for excellenceENFPIts fun to do good work with peopleESTJLifes natural administratorsISFJYou can count on us

INFJVision driven by values

ISFPWorking to make a difference

ISTPAction, action, take a chance

ISTJWork hard to get it done right

22 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094Do Your Own On-line ResearchArticles on P-Type have been provided with your readings.Quickly gain practical knowledge about your P-Type through online research at any of thousands of websites.Begin by going to one of these websites, or do a google search on your 4-letter P-Type.This is one of the most widely researched topics on the web. 23 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094Some Useful Websiteswww.personalitytype.com www.humanmetrics.comwww.personalitypage.com www.personalitypathways.com www.myersbriggs.orgwww.keirsey.com www.typelogic.com www.ptypes.com

ReflectionNow please go back and analyze why you like some tasks and dislike others at work in terms of your P-Type preferences.See my examples on the following slides.24 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094

24Part I: Complete Your Likes and Dislikes with Why? in the 3rd column?25 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094 Likes Dislikes Why Introvert writing privacy projects Intuitive creative vision variety Thinking use logic PerceivingflexibleindependentDesign systemsLearn new thingsUse knowledgeTeach othersWritingSolve problemsVariety in my workStudent growthControl my timeFreedomPrivacyInterruptionsMeetingsFollow-up on tasksPoliticsPlanningDevelop action plansSales & MarketingRoutine workImplementing policiesPeople problemsEditing/fixing details25Part II: Strengths & Limitations of My P-Type (enter responses in slides following example)StrengthsLimitations________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger26Example: My Strengths as an INTPFocus (I)Design systems (N)Innovation, creation (N & P)Written communication (I)Learning (N & T)Analysis (T)Synthesis (N & T)Strategy (N & T)Withstand conflict (T)Flexible, Adaptable (P)27 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094

IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger27Example: My Limitations as an INTPAvoid interaction (I)Dislike detail work (N)Dislike routine work (N & P)Working step-by-step (N)Focus on measures more than people at times (T)Dislike follow-up (P)Dislike planning (P)Dislike goal setting (P)28 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094

IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger28ENTER YOUR RESPONSE29 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094Please enter your response to the reflection where indicated on Moodle.Be prepared to record five strengths and five limitations that you perceive based on your P-Type.IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger29Please Note Again!Dont use your P-Type preference as a crutch or excuse. You can adapt your preferences to different situations when you feel a strong need, but there's a cost.So try to maximize your career choice, job role and job tasks towards those that take advantage of and allow you to use your natural strengths. So be aware of your P-Type preferences, but also try to stretch to develop yourself in areas where you see a need for change.30 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094

IEMA: Asia Pacific Centre for Leadership and Change The Leader: Personality TypeGLMBA: Professor Philip Hallinger30END LESSON 1The Leader: Personality Type31 Hallinger 2011: EPA6094

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