171

CHAPTER-V

PROFILE OF THE GULBARGA DISTRICT

172

173

CHAPTER-V

PROFILE OF GULBARGA DISTRICT

5.1 Introduction

Gulbarga district is one of the three districts that were transferred from

Hyderabad State to Karnataka state at the time of re-organization of the state in

1956. The district is one among the 29 districts of Karnataka State. It is located in

the Northern part of the state and lies between North latitude 170 10 and 170 45 and

between east longitude 760 10 and 770 45 The District is a biggest district in the

state covering 8.49% of the area and 5.9 present of population of the state. It has

Bijapur district of Karnataka and Sholapur district of Maharashtra on the west, on

the north by Bidar district of Karnataka and Osmanabad district of Maharashtra.

Raichur district of Karnataka is on south of Gulbarga. The Afzalpur, Aland,

Chincholli, Chittapur, Gulbarga, Jewargi, Sedam are 7 Talukas of Gulbarga District

(See Fig. 5.2). The chapter is structured as follows. In Section 5.2, we expose

general features of Gulbarga district. We present the demographic features and

economic profile in Sections 5.3 and 5.4 respectively. The self help groups profile

in Gulbarga district is described in Section 5.5 and last section provides some

concluding remarks.

5.2 General Features of Gulbarga District

5.2.1 A Brief History

Gulbarga, popularly called as “Kalaburgi” in colloquial language was once a

capital of the Bahamani Kingdom. Gulbarga has rich historical and cultural

traditions. Bahamanis, the earliest Muslim empire of South India chose Gulbarga to

be their capital and ruled from here from 1347 to 1425 A. D. Mentioned as

Kalburagi, Kalumbarige, Kalabarge, etc. in ancient inscriptions, Gulbarga is

popularly known as “Kalburgi” by the locals. The famous dynasties of the south,

the Satavahans, the Chalukyas of Badami, the Rastrkuta, Shahis, the Aidil shahis,

the Nizam Shahis have ruled over the district.

174

In 1504, Gulbarga was permanently annexed to Adil Shahi kingdom of

Bijapur. In 1657 with the invasion of Mir Jumla, it passed into the hands of

Mughals.

Fig 5.1 MAP OF KARNATAKA STATE

Fig 5.2 MAP OF GULBARGA DISTRICT

Aland

Chincholi

Chittapur

Jewargi

Afzalpur

Sedam

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Later with the establishment of Asaf Jahi (Nizam) Dynasty of Hyderabad

(1724-1948) Gulbarga came under it. In 1863, when Nizam Government formed

Jillabandi, Surpur (Shorapur) became district headquarter, with nine Talukas of

which Gulbarga was one of them. In 1873 Gulbarga was formed into separate

district with ten talukas and again it reformed at 2010 with seven talukas. With

reorganization of states in 1956 Gulbarga became part of Karnataka State and

Divisional headquarter. The Bahamani rulers built Gulbarga city with Palaces,

Mosques, Gumbazs, Bazaars and other public buildings. There are five large and

small Mosques and ten Darghas in Gulbarga, The City is described as a “Garden of

Gumbazs” So also number of Temples, churches and other religious centres are

spread all over the city. Inside the fort the Jumma Masjid, a noteworthy monument

of Gulbarga is in well preserved condition. It is said that it resembles the famous

mosque of ‘Cordova’ city in Spain. The mosque measures 216 ft. east-west and 176

ft. north south covering an area of 38016 sqft. It happens to be the only mosque in

India/ which is completely covered. Fergusson observes this “as one of the most

remarkable of its class in India in some respect unique”.

Gulbarga City is located on an undulating plain, presenting a vast stretch of

black cotton soil. Being a regional headquarters of government, it is an important

city in the northern part of Karnataka situated 623 km away from Bangalore and

220 km from west of Hyderabad, Gulbarga is well connected by rail and road.

The vast stretch of fertile black cotton soil of the district is known for

bumper red gram and jawar crops. The district is a “Daal bowl” of the state. The

district is also known for cluster of cement industries and a distinct stone popularly

known as “Shahabad Stone”. Gulbarga has been blessed by the incessant flowing

of River Bheema. In addition, a few tributaries flow in this region. The upper

Krishna project and Bennethora Project are the two major irrigational ventures in

the district. Gulbarga which is known for the dearth of industries is presently

showing great deal of signs of growth in the cement. One of the recent

176

developments, where in the people of Gulbarga are proud and boastful is that the

establishment of Central University and largest ESI hospital. Indeed these two

feathers to its cap.

5.2.2 Soil:

Being located in the centre of Deccan plateau, most part of the district is

covered by the fertile black soil. Besides, other soils can also be found. The details

of taluka wise soil structure are given in Table 5.1.

Table-5.1

Taluka wise soil structure of Gulbarga District

Soil Taluka

Shallow medium black Gulbarga and Jewargi

Deep black Part of Gulbarga Chitapur Sedam and Chincholi

Red sandy land Part of Aland and Afzalpur Source: District at a Glance 2010-11

5.2.3 Rainfall:

The rainfall in the district is very light and scanty and also it is uncertain.

The rainfall in the district was 4694 mm in 2011 (See Table 5.2). The district

received rainfall both form the south west (locally called Mungari) during May-

September and North-East (locally called as Hingari) between September and

December.

Table-5.2

Rain fall of Gulbarga District for last 5 years (2001 To 2011)

Taluks 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Afzalpur 485 588 472 630 653 620 674 768 899 951 483

Aland 705 593 581 732 683 642 557 805 1352 819 722

Chincholi 670 608 622 641 753 624 1029 903 706 1365 936

Chittapur 711 530 713 666 1082 723 828 803 788 925 598

Gulbarga 692 522 562 726 712 560 689 646 678 1100 706

Jewargi 718 551 367 616 859 459 762 642 936 924 397

Sedam 905 637 683 556 1250 635 973 948 974 826 802

TOTAL 4886 4029 4000 4567 5992 4263 5512 5515 6333 6910 4694

Sources: 2011 District at a Glance

The district is a draught prone area. The average rainfall is 777 mm. and the

normal rainy days are 46 in a year. The climate is very hot during the summer

which adversely affects the work capacity of the people. The temperature ranges

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between 42oC in summer to 26oC in winter. The period from December to May is

the driest part of the year.

5.2.3 River:

The Principle Rivers flowing in Gulbarga are Krishna and Bheema. Small

rivers running through the district are the Kagina, the Amaraj, the Bennitora and

the Mullamari.

5.2.4 Geographical Traits

The district has total area of 16174 Sq. Kms. This constitutes 5.93 percent of

the area of the state. The region is characterized by black cotton soil, expanses of flat

treeless surface, a range of hills covering a surface of about 60 miles and same lower

belts following the main rivers. The district is devoid of forest except in the hilly

portion of Aland and Chincholi. The area under forest is 4.2 percent of the total area.

Table-5.3

Administrative Classification of Gulbarga District

Sl.

No.

Taluks Hoblies Gram

Panchayaths

Inhabited Un-

Inhabited

Towns/ Urban

Agglomeration

1 Afzalpur 3 22 89 4 0

2 Aland 5 39 135 1 1

3 Chincholli 4 32 137 11 0

4 Chittapur 5 35 122 3 5

5 Gulbarga 6 36 136 4 1

6 Jewargi 5 33 145 14 0

7 Sedam 4 23 109 8 3

TOTAL 32 220 873 45 10 Source: District at a Glance 2009-10.

The administrative classification has been presented in the Table-5.3. the

Gulbarga district consist of 7 Taluks, which are again composed of 32 Hoblies.

Among the 7 taluks of Gulbarga district, Gulbarga taluk has 6 Hoblies followed by

Chittapur, Jewargi and Aland 5 Hoblies of each taluks, whereas Chincholi and Sedam

taluks consist of 4 Hoblies of each and Afzalpur taluk consist of only 3 Hoblies

respectively. The total Grampanchayaths of district are 220 and the total town of

districts are 10 respectively.

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5.3 Demographic Features:

5.3.1 Population and Human Resources

Gulbarga district is observed to be in the prolonged second stage of

demographic transition. It is experiencing rapid growth of population since 1951

with variations. The decimal growth rate has increased from 14.5 percent during

1951 to 24 percent in 1991. It has slightly come down to 18 percent in 2011. The

population of the district as per 2011 census total population is 2564892 (See

Table-5.4). The size of population was in the district male population was 1591379

and female population is 1533997. Among all the talukas, highest population is in

the Gulbarga i.e., 675679 followed by Chittapur which constitute 366802

population. Afzalpur talukas is the least population taluka 180071 (See Table-5.5).

Table-5.4

Population trends during the 20th century Years Population Variation

1901 883062 -

1911 964468 + 9.22

1921 887875 -7.94

1931 990505 + 11.56

1941 1059716 + 6.99

1951 1213608 + 14.5

1961 1399457 + 15.31

1971 1739220 + 24.2

1981 2080643. + 19.6

1991 2582169 + 24.1

2001 3130922 +21.4

2011 2564892 + 18.1 Source: District Census Hand Book Gulbarga District 1961-2011

Table-5.5

Size of population in Gulbarga district (2001 census) No of talukas Male Female Total

Afzalpur 92538 87533 180071

Aland 152233 144903 297136

Chincholi 113309 110337 223646

Chittapur 186390 180412 366802

Gulbarga 348665 327014 675679

Jewargi 119598 115656 235254

Sedam 97709 98445 196154

Total 1591379 1533997 2174742 Source: Gulbarga district at a glance 2010-11.

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5.3.2 Human Development

Karnataka State has published Human Development Report in 1999 based

on 1991 date for the then 20 district in the state. The progress in human

development was brought out through another report published in 2005 for 27

districts in the state today based on 2001 data. The position of the district along

with the other district in Hyderabad Karnataka Region is indicated in Table-5.6.

The division in both the reports is at the bottom level.

Table-5.6

Human development situation in Gulbarga division Year HDI

1991 Rank HDI

2001 Rank GDI

1991 Rank GDI 2001 Rank

Bellary 0.512 18 .617 18 0.499 17 0.606 17 Bidar 0.496 23 0.599 21 0.477 23 0.572 22 Gulbarga 0.453 25 0.564 26 0.432 25 0.543 26 Koppal 0.446 26 0.582 24 0.428 26 0.561 24 Raichur 0.443 27 0.547 27 0.422 27 0.530 27 Source: Human Development Report 2005 Government of Karnataka

The position of the district has come down from 25th to 26th in the State.

This is because of slow progress in the field of Education and fall in Income index.

5.3.2.1 Density and sex ratio

According to 2011 census, Gulbarga district has the density of population of

234 per sq. km. which is lower than state average (319 per Sq. Km). The sex ratio is

962 per 1000 male persons. This is slightly above the state average of 965 and well

above the national average of 933. This sex ratio is highest in Sedam (1006) and lowest

in Aland (938). The sex ratio is 962 which are equal to state average which is 964. In

Gulbarga district, 72 percent of the population lives in rural areas (See Table-5.7).

Table-5.7

Density and sex ratio of population in Gulbarga district Taluka Density Sex Ratio Sex Ratio in the Age group of 0-6

Afzalpur 169 941 936

Aland 197 938 922

Chincholi 164 982 947

Chittapur 228 991 943

Gulbarga 479 948 926

Jewargi 163 961 923

Sedam 210 1006 982

District 234 962 935

Source: District at a Glance 2011-12.

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5.3.2.2 Literacy level

Gulbarga district comes under the list of backward district and also has the

lowest literacy level. According to 1991 census the total literacy level of the district

is 38.54% which is far less than the state literacy rate, i.e., 56.05%. both the male

and female literacy rates were competitively low. In the 2001 census the literacy

rate has increased to 50.65%, but it is again far less than the state literacy rate,

67.04% the male literacy rate is 62.52% and female literacy rate is 38040%, which

are comparatively less than the state rate i.e., 76.29% and 57.45% respectively, the

taluka wise literacy rate of the district is shown in the Table-5.8.

Table-5.8

Literacy level of Gulbarga District No of talukas Male Female Total

Afzalpur 63.6 37.5 50.9

Aland 66.0 39.2 52.9

Chincholi 62.3 34.7 48.6

Chittapur 61.0 37.7 49.5

Gulbarga 76.3 56.1 66.5

Jewargi 57.9 29.9 44.1

Sedam 56.4 33.4 44.8

Shahapur 49.9 27.5 38.8

Surpur 56.3 30.4 43.4

Yadgir 47.5 26.9 37.2

Total 61.8 37.9 0.05

Source: District at a Glance 2009-10.

Table 5.8 shows that among all the talukas, the literacy rate of Gulbarga

taluka is high i.e., 66.5 percent and more or less the literacy rate is same, with one

or two percent difference. Gulbarga taluka has the highest literacy level in the

district, because it possesses more educational institutes than the other talukas, and

also higher education facilities available in this taluka. The taluka wise growth

trends in literacy are presented in Table-5.9.

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Table-5.9

Growth in literacy 1961 to 2001 (percent) Taluka 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

Afzalpur 9.2 16 23.7 37.62 51.67 NA

Aland 14.23 18.2 24.8 39.12 53.79 NA

Chincholi 14.45 16.8 21.3 33.41 49.38 NA

Chittapur 13.06 18.8 25.46 38.72 50.25 NA

Gulbarga 24.8 31.0 38.65 57.33 54.34 65.65

Jewargi 9.8 15.2 20.87 32.85 44.26 NA

Sedam 13.7 15.7 21.67 34.5 45.23 NA

TOTAL 99.24 131.7 176.45 273.55 362.04 65.65

Source: District at a Glance 2011-12. Census of India 2011

Table-5.10

Literacy Rate- Scheduled Caste

Talukas Total Rural Urban

Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Afzalpur 45.7 24.4 35.4 45.07 23.43 34.59 51.04 32 2.1 42.14

Aland 46.8 25.1 36.3 46.12 24.43 35.53 57.14 37.06 47.78

Chincholi 41 20 30.8 44.12 23.65 34.31 66.23 46.31 56.74

Chittapur 43 24.84 34.08 39.3 19.2 29.75 56.7 35 47.19

Gulbarga 54.7 34.1 44.8 28.9 13.98 21.47 51.47 30.15 41.14

Jewargi 36.8 18 27.5 35.38 18.66 27.15 55.48 35.08 45.5

Sedam 32.8 16.6 24.7 35.4 16.88 26.27 53.04 30.95 42.54

TOTAL 300.8 163.04 233.58 274.29 140.23 209.07 391.1 246.76 323.03 Source: District at a Glance 2011-12. Census of India 2011

5.3.3 Occupational Structure:

The analysis or occupational structures of the district indicate that the district

is still economically backward with a large proportion of population engaged in

agriculture. The percentage of agriculture labourers has increased in recent years.

The Occupational Structure presented in Table 5.11 shows that the district economy

is mainly an agricultural economy since it constitute 31.7 percent of district income

and provides employment to 67 percent of the population. A large part of the land is

under dry land cultivation as the area under irrigation is only 18.8 percent of the net

area sown.

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Table-5.11

Occupational pattern of the workforce (Main workers %) in Gulbarga District

Census

Year

Cultivators Agricultural

labourers

Household

industry

Other Workers Total

1961 45.55 26.44 9.21 18.8 100

1971 34.13 36.55 4.4 24.92 100

1981 36.78 43.95 2.66 16.61 100

1991 35.19 50.15 2.06 12.6 100

2001 27.1 40 2.5 30.4 100

Source: District at a Glance 2011-12

The occupational structure is stagnant over the time period. The proportion of

population engaged in agriculture has increased from 70 percent in 1961 to 75

percent during 1981-91 and has fallen down to 67 percent in 2001. The other trend is

increase in the percentage of agricultural labourers till 1991. It has increased from

26.44 percent in 1961 to 40.1 percent in 1991 but has come down to 39.96 percent in

2001. Though the share of tertiary sector in district income has increased from 36.6 in

1991 to 45.2 percent in 2001-02 but its share in employment has increased from 12.6

to 30.4 percent in 2001. Thus a trend of employment generation in service sector is

set in post 1991 period.

5.4 Economic profile:

The district economy is dominantly agricultural in its nature and nearly 75

percent of populations living in rural areas are dependent on agriculture. Therefore,

agriculture is the main contributor to the district income and other sectors

contribute 45 percent of the total district income.

5.4.1Agriculture:

The pattern of land utilization in Gulbarga district given in Table 5.12 reveal

that the net sown land in Gulbarga 10,94,120 hectares and its account to 71.56 of

total geographical area. On the other hand, hardly 28.44 percent of the

geographical area is distributed other activities. It is clear from Table 5.12 that net

area sworn is high in Jewargi i.e., 182313 hectares and that of Sedam is very low

i.e., 102445 hectare where as in all the other taluka its amount was steady.

183

Table-5.12

Land use Classification: (Unit: Area in Hectares)

Talukas Geographical

area

Area

under

Land Not available for

cultivation

Uncultivated land excluding fallow

land

Fallow land Area sown

Forest Land

put to

non

Agri.

uses

Barren &

uncultivable

land

Cultivable

waste

Pmt.

Pastures &

other

grazing

land

Mics.

Tree

crops,

groves

Current

fallows

Other

fallow

land

Net Total

Afzalpur 130479 78 5819 2395 458 1322 10 410 195 119792 139702

Aland 173417 2854 3465 3142 974 3469 59 3648 2000 153806 161716

Chincholi 155854 19622 3006 13003 2723 6516 862 3064 2000 105058 114673

Chittapur 176447 6150 9368 3689 4530 674 21 2148 1628 148239 156394

Gulbarga 173165 4121 8150 4223 78 4322 67 18760 3000 130444 132954

Jewargi 182313 310 5317 1838 294 6486 62 9618 5246 153142 161837

Sedam 102445 2181 3295 6823 360 3066 50 1000 325 85345 105230

District 1094120 35316 38420 35113 9417 25855 1131 38648 14394 895826 972506

Source: District at a Glance 2011-12. Table-5.13

Distribution of Land holding in the district Land Holdings Number Percentage Area Percentage

Marginal Holding 112331 20.46 13463 1.00

Small Holdings 191271 34.86 281868 20.93

Semi Medium 158492 28.87 435718 32.36

Medium 73750 13.45 435001 32.32

Large 12956 2.36 180220 13.39

Total 548800 100 1316270 100

Source: District at a Glance 2011-12

The statistics in Table-5.13 reveals that the distribution of land holdings

indicates the domination of semi medium holdings. They form 28.87 percent of

total holdings and cover an area of 32.36 percent in Gulbarga district

5.4.2 Irrigation

Like other parts of the country, agriculture economies of the Gulbarga

district also depend upon rainfall. Therefore, development of irrigation facilities

would open new doors to the farmers of this region. However, the district has only

two major rivers viz., Krishna and Bheema, following trough territory. Hence large

part of the district has to depend upon other sources of irrigation.

The following Table-5.14 shows the various sources of irrigation and the

land irrigated by them in the district.

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Table-5.14

Net irrigated area in the Gulbarga district

Sources Area (Hectares) Percentage of total

irrigated area

Canals 185104 77.24

Wells 29440 14.92

Tanks 3209 1.19

Bore wells 22682 2.93

Lift irrigation 5353 0.48

Other sources 5508 2.52

Total 251296 100.00

Source: District at a Glance 2009-10.

As depicted in Table-5.14, area under irrigation is 251296 hectares. The

major source of water is canals, which constitute 77.24 percentages (185104

hectares) of the irrigated land. This indicates that the district is not benefited by the

rainfall. Well are also helpful in the district for irrigation, about 15 percentages

(29440 hectares) of the irrigation lands, sources of water is by wells. Here other

sources are of 2.52 percentage (5508) hectares constitute rain, ponds and the like.

5.4.3 Cropping Pattern

The cropping pattern is mainly dominated by food crops, Tur is the main

crop produced in the district. The district is called as “Tur Bowl” of the state. Jawar

is the other main food crop. Sunflower and Groundnut are the major oilseeds which

occupy the area of 134365 hectare and 41327 (2009-10 District at a Glance)

respectively.

5.4.4 Infrastructure

The district also lacks adequate infrastructure which is one of the basic cause of

long economic stagnation in the district. The total length of surface roads is only 28.26

kms. The length of village roads is 6372.63 kms. A large part of these roads are closed

during rainy season. The total length of railway line is 225 kms. The districts headquarter

lies on the main National Network. But the internal network availability is very low.

Only 4 talukas Afzalpur, Chittapur, Gulbarga and Sedam are connected by a railway line

(Table-5.15).

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Table-5.15

Taluka-wise Infrastructure facilities in Gulbarga District

Taluka State Highways Major District Roads Village Roads

Afzalpur 137.8 160.13 841.47

Aland 245.5 126.35 1138.28

Chincholi 179.86 84.89 1179.58

Chittapur 201.96 359.13 722.92

Gulbarga 165.38 144.57 926.20

Jewargi 37.82 417.15 1114.26

Sedam 154.70 242.80 449.92

District 1123.02 1535.80 6372.63 Source: District at a Glance 2009-10.

5.4.5 Industries in Gulbarga:

The economy of the Gulbarga district is primarily of agricultural in nature.

Out of the 30 district of the state the rank of Gulbarga is 18th for the growing

population. Agricultural sector is unable to provide increasing per capita income. It

is suffering from lack of raw material, availability of infrastructure, adequate

support from government department and as well as financial institution to provide

the adequate financial facilities. The district has no place in the industrial map of

Karnataka.

Table-5.16

Details of Industries in Gulbarga district

Sl.

No.

Category

Taluka

Textiles Chemicals Engineering Others Tota

l

No. of

employees

1. Afzalpur 0 1 0 1 2 350

2. Aland 1 0 1 1 3 1500

3. Chincholi 0 0 1 0 1 50

4. Chittapur 0 0 4 6 10 4820

5. Gulbarga 0 3 11 58 72 3450

6. Jewargi 0 0 1 0 1 50

7. Sedam 0 0 1 4 5 3100

8. Shahapur 0 0 1 10 11 340

9. Shorapur 0 0 0 4 5 300

10. Yadgir 0 0 2 21 23 589

Total 1 4 23 105 133 14549

Source: Karnataka at a Glance 2009-10.

The Table-5.16 reveals the industrial facilities in Gularga district totally

there are 133 industries areas. Textile industry is situated in only one talukas i.e.,

Aland. Most of the engineering industries are working in Gulbarga city only. Only

one engineering unit is working in each in Aland, Chincholi, Jewargi and Sedam.

186

The other industries like plastic products, bakeries, pharmaceutical equipment and

some mini industries are working in almost all talukas.

5.4.6 Banking and Finance

Banking sector in the country presently facing a peculiar situation where it is

expected to perform a highly balancing act of helping the economy to grow and to

meet social obligation by supporting, government sponsored programmes, where

the recovery is very low and at the same time ensure a high degree of operational

efficiency after the Introduction of prudential norms. The overall development of

the district can be achieved if the credit programmes of the bank are dovetailed into

the annual plans of the state government. This goal can be achieved by improving

the credit absorption capacity of the banks and by active involvement of the

government agencies in the recovery drive of the banks under government

sponsored programmes. A vibrant and responsive banking system in coordination

with the state government and NGOs can infuse greater private investment in

agriculture and industrial sectors. Table 5.17 shows the detail of the banking

network in Gulbarga district.

Table-5.17

Banking network Talukas CBs KGBs DCCS PCARDBs Total

Afzalpur 08 08 01 01 18

Aland 06 10 01 01 18

Chincholi 04 07 01 01 13

Chittapur 10 06 01 01 18

Gulbarga 54 12 03 01 70

Jewargi 06 09 01 01 17

Sedam 06 05 01 01 13

Shahapur 10 05 01 01 17

Shorapur 09 09 01 01 20

Yadgir 07 07 01 01 16

Total 120 78 12 10 220

Source: Gulbarga District at a Glance 2009-10.

Table-5.17 reveals that as many as 120 commercial banks are operating in

the district. The impressive growth of Krishna Grammena Bank branches has

187

contributed considerably the extension of banking facilities to the interior areas of

the district with 78 branches. The state bank of Hyderabad with more number has

the widest net work among the commercial banks. However, the existing branches

are not providing adequate financial facilities for the development of the district in

the industrial, agriculture and allied activities.

5.5 Self Help Groups in Gulbarga district

Gulbarga district is backward and nearly 40% of rural populations are away

from banks. Therefore, informal credit delivery system plays very important role in

the Gulbarga district. The self Help Group Bank Linkage Programme (SHG-BLP)

helps the branches to achieve the aim of extending credit coverage while keeping the

managerial and supervisory load at the branch within manageable limits. Thereby

small savings would be tapped at low cost, recoveries and profitability would

improve and branch staff, feed from the humdrum of supervising a large of small

accounts. They will be in a position to devote a large proportion of their time in

planning their business and development of the services area. On the basis of records

available there are 65120 families living below poverty line. There are about 332053

lakh small and marginal farmers’ families in the district, all these indicate the

potential for SHG formation. The district has in all 62 NGOs of which 24 are active

and involved in SHG. Most of the state government department like agriculture

department is involved in promotion of SHGs under different programmes. As some

of the government sponsored programmes like Swarna Gram Swarajgar Yojan

(SGSY), Swarna Jayanti Swarajgar Yojana (SJSRY), stree shakti etc., are required to

be implemented through SHGs, few more government department and other agencies

are likely to get involved in the formation of SHGs.

5.5.1 Micro finance profile

Micro finance profile in the Gulbarga district as on 31 March 2008 is

shown in Table 5.18.

188

Table-5.18

Micro finance profile in the Gulbarga district

Sl. No. Particulars Numbers

1 Total number of blocks in the district 10

2 Number of blocks where SHGs exist 10

3 Total number of blocks where SHGs are credit linked 10

4 Number of NGOs in the district 62

5 Number of NGOs participating in linking programme 24

6 Number of additional NGOs to be roped in during the year 3

7 Total number bank branches in the Gulbarga district i) Commercial banks 116 ii) Krishna Grammena Bank 076 iii) District central cooperative banks 010 iv) Primary agriculture and Land Development Banks 010

212

8 Of which no. of branches participating in linkage programme 156

9 No. of banks worked as SHPI-DCC bank and Krishna Grameena bank 2

Source: Potential linked credit plan, 2007-08.

There are 10 blocks and 10 SHGs centres. 62 Non-Governmental

Organization (NGOs) are participated in the forming of groups. There are 212 bank

branches operating of which 156 branches participating in bank linkage

programme. DCC bank (District Central Cooperative Bank) and KGB (Krishna

Grammena Bank) worked as SHPI (Self Help Promoting Institutions).

5.5.2 Status of Stree Shakti Groups in Gulbarga District

The status of Stree Shakti Groups in Gulbarga District as on 31 March 2008

is shown in Table-5.19

Table-5.19

Status of Stree Shakti Groups in Gulbarga District Sl. No. Particulars Numbers

1 Number of talukas and participating in Stree Shaskti programmes 10

2 Number of angawadi participated in StreeShakti Programmes 3183

3 Number of Self Help Groups (SHGs ) in the district 9794

4 Total Number of Women (SC) in SHG 42,419

5 Total Number of Women (ST) in SHG 8935

6 Total number of Women all category in SHG 1,47,161

7 Total number of Self Help Groups (SHGs) having savings in the district

9794

8 Savings accumulated by 9794 SHGs 3285.42 Lakh

9 Number of SHGs taken loan from banks 5677

10 Total loan taken the banks 4395.22Lakh

11 Revolving fund released to the groups 448.40Lakh

Source: Potential linked credit plan, 2007-08.

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The status of Stree Shakti Groups in Gulbarga district is shown in Table-

5.19 All the 10 taluka participated in Stree Shakti Programme Scheme, Community

Development Programme Anganwadi Workers are also participated in large

number i.e., 3183. Total loan taken from the bank is 4395.22 lakh. The

revolving fund released to the Group is 448.40 lakh. The total number of groups

having savings in the district is 9794.

5.5.3 Taluka wise Stree Shakti Scheme in Gulbarga District

Taluka wise Stree Shakti Scheme in Gulbarga District is furnished in Table-5.20.

Table-5.20

Taluka wise Stree Shakti Scheme in Gulbarga District

Taluks No. of Stree Shakti

Sangh

No. of Women

(SC)

No. of

Women

(ST)

No. of Women

(Others)

Afzalpur 695 2380 0 9063

Aland 1045 6053 131 12216

Chincholi 837 4456 215 8594

Chittapur 1145 7070 1030 11435

Gulbarga 955 4420 0 11912

Jewargi 865 4080 514 10506

Sedam 807 1938 442 12876

TOTAL 6349 30397 2332 76602

Source: Gulbarga district at a glance 2011-12.

Table-5.20 shows the taluka wise Stree Shakti Scheme in Gulbarga District.

There are 6349 SHGs. The schedule caste and schedule tribe members are i.e.,

30397 and 2332 respectively.

5.5.4 Progress of Self Help Groups in Gulbarga district:

The progress of Self Help Groups in Gulbarga district is shown in Table-5.21.

In all there are 9,794 Self Help Groups. The schedule caste and schedule tribe

members are i.e., 42,419 and 8935 respectively.

190

Table-5.21

Progress of Self Help Groups in Gulbarga district

Taluks

No. of groups

who have started

savings

Savings accumulated

(Lakhs)

No. of Groups taken

loan from the bank

(Lakhs)

Total loan

amount taken

from bank

(Lakhs)

Revolving fund

relating by Govt.

(Lakhs)

Afzalpur 689 221.276 461 104.648 34.05

Aland 1020 475.000 674 155.076 50.30

Chincholi 886 218.454 544 716.170 37.10

Chittapur 1204 203.305 541 566.778 53.70

Gulbarga 1289 388.103 546 333.230 59.25

Jewargi 831 242.880 585 236.228 39.70

Sedam 828 238.051 358 325.668 35.55

Shahapur 1005 387.105 563 625.078 47.60

Shorapur 1055 370.721 568 685.127 48.35

Yadgir 987 540.527 567 647.218 42.80

TOTAL 9794 3285.422 5407 4395.221 448.40

Source: Gulbarga district at a glance 2011-12.

Concluding Remarks:

The present chapter has given a brief profile of Gulbarga District, the study

area. The profile of the district shows that the district is the most backward in

Karnataka. The reasons for backwardness are not only economic but also political,

historical and social. The agriculture section is still largely dependent on rain and

irrigation facilities are highly limited. It is shocking to note that there is no

industrialization in this region despite of 60 years of independence. The district is

educationally backward which cause economic backwardness. The banking sector

though has some presence but mainly limited to urban area and rural people are

continued to depend on local money lenders. The SHGs are slowly making inroad

into remote villages of the district.

191

References:

Census of India District census Hand book Gulbarga District 1961-2011.

Gulbarga District at a Glance 2009-10.

Gulbarga District at a Glance, from 2008-2011.

Gazetteer of India: Mysore state, Gulbarga district, Ed. B.N. Srisathyan, 1966, P. 1.

Government of Karnataka, district industries centre, DIC, Action plan 1985-90, Gulbarga, p. 2.

Government of Karnataka, district industries centre, DIC, Action plan 1985-90, Gulbarga, p. 5.

Government of Karnataka, district industries centre, DIC, Action plan 1985-90, Gulbarga. 1.

Human Development Report 2005 Govt. of Karnataka.

KSFC’s Gulbarga District prepared by planning and Development Department H.O.K.S.F.C. Bangalore, 1991 p. 2.

Lead Bank- State bank of India: Gulbarga district credit plan 1988-90 and Annual Action Plan, 1988, p. l.

Lead Bank- State bank of India: Gulbarga district credit plan 1988-90 and Annual Action Plan, 2010-11, p. 52.

Chronicle Year Book, 2005, pp. 157.

Nanjundappa, D.M., (2002), Dr. Nanjudappa Committee for Redressal of Regional Imbalance, Final Report Government of Karnataka.