programming design ku-yaw chang [email protected] assistant professor, department of computer...

Programming DesignProgramming Design

Ku-Yaw ChangKu-Yaw [email protected]@mail.dyu.edu.tw

Assistant Professor, Department of Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Information EngineeringComputer Science and Information Engineering

Da-Yeh UniversityDa-Yeh University

22Ku-Yaw ChangKu-Yaw Chang IntroductionIntroduction

IntroductionIntroduction

Three types of programming languagesThree types of programming languagesMachine languagesMachine languages Strings of numbers giving machine specific instructionsStrings of numbers giving machine specific instructions Example:Example:

+1300042774+1300042774+1400593419+1400593419+1200274027+1200274027

Assembly languagesAssembly languages English-like abbreviations representing elementary computer English-like abbreviations representing elementary computer

operations (translated via assemblers)operations (translated via assemblers) Example:Example:

LOAD BASEPAYLOAD BASEPAYADD OVERPAYADD OVERPAYSTORE GROSSPAYSTORE GROSSPAY



High-level languagesHigh-level languages Codes similar to everyday EnglishCodes similar to everyday English Use mathematical notations (translated via compilers)Use mathematical notations (translated via compilers) Example:Example:

grossPay = basePay + overTimePaygrossPay = basePay + overTimePay



CC A general-purpose, high-level programming languageA general-purpose, high-level programming language A system programming languageA system programming language

Writing compilers and operating systemsWriting compilers and operating systems Unix, Linux, Windows….Unix, Linux, Windows….

Hardware independent (portable)Hardware independent (portable) Stem fromStem from

BCPL by Martin RichardsBCPL by Martin Richards

B by Ken ThompsonB by Ken Thompson Both are “typeless” languageBoth are “typeless” language

Provide a variety of data typesProvide a variety of data typescharacters, integers and floating numberscharacters, integers and floating numbers



ANSI CANSI C In 1983, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) In 1983, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

established a committee to provide a modern, comprehensive established a committee to provide a modern, comprehensive definition of Cdefinition of C

Completed late in 1988Completed late in 1988Most of the features are supported modern compilersMost of the features are supported modern compilers

ANSI/ISO CANSI/ISO C ANSI/ISO 9899:1990ANSI/ISO 9899:1990



C++C++ Superset of C developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell LabsSuperset of C developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs "Spruces up" C, and provides object-oriented capabilities"Spruces up" C, and provides object-oriented capabilities Object-oriented design very powerfulObject-oriented design very powerful 10 to 100 fold increase in productivity10 to 100 fold increase in productivity Dominant language in industry and academiaDominant language in industry and academia

Learning C++Learning C++ Because C++ includes C, some feel it is best to master C, then Because C++ includes C, some feel it is best to master C, then

learn C++learn C++



Phases of C/C++ programs:Phases of C/C++ programs: EditEdit PreprocessPreprocess CompileCompile LinkLink LoadLoad ExecuteExecute


Preprocessor program processes the code.

Loader puts program in memory.

CPU takes each instruction and executes it, possibly storing new data values as the program executes.

Compiler creates object code and stores it on disk.

Linker links the object code with the libraries.

Loader

Primary Memory

Compiler

Editor

Preprocessor

Linker

Primary Memory

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Disk

Disk

Disk

CPU

Disk

Disk


MS Visual C++MS Visual C++

Solution (*.sln)Solution (*.sln) Consist of one or more projects (*.vcproj)Consist of one or more projects (*.vcproj)

Project (*.vcproj)Project (*.vcproj) Consist of many modulesConsist of many modules

ModuleModule *.cpp/*.h*.cpp/*.h *.lib*.lib


MS Visual C++MS Visual C++


The First C ProgramThe First C Program

In C, the program to print “hello, world” isIn C, the program to print “hello, world” is#include <stdio.h>#include <stdio.h>

main() main()

{{

printf(“hello, world\n”);printf(“hello, world\n”);

}}

include information about standard libraryinclude information about standard library

define a function named main that define a function named main that receives no argument valuesreceives no argument values

Statements of main are enclosed in Statements of main are enclosed in bracesbraces

main calls library function printf to print main calls library function printf to print this sequence of characters;\n this sequence of characters;\n represents the newline characterrepresents the newline character


Exercise 1-1Exercise 1-1

Run the “hello, world” program on your Run the “hello, world” program on your system. Experiment with leaving out parts system. Experiment with leaving out parts of the program, to see what error of the program, to see what error messages you get.messages you get.


Exercise 1-2Exercise 1-2

Experiment to find out what happens when Experiment to find out what happens when printf’s argument string contains \c, where printf’s argument string contains \c, where c is some character not listed above.c is some character not listed above. \t for tab\t for tab \b for backspace\b for backspace \” for double quote\” for double quote \\ for backslash\\ for backslash

The EndThe End

programming design ku-yaw chang [email protected] assistant professor, department of computer...

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