Progressivism

* ID Progressivism’s Goals

Progressivism was………. a movement to improve American life by expanding democracy and achieving social and economic justice.

-optimistic, forward looking -an urban extension of “Populism”

-praised the benefits of urban/industrial growth but sought to correct its evils with political, economic and social reform.

17.1

Who were the Progressives?

• Farmers - “Populists”

• Women

• Urban middle class

• Labor unions

• “Muckrakers”

• “progressive” legislators / politicians

Progressives attacked:

• Laissez Faire

• Social Darwinism

*ID Examples of Progressive Political Reforms to expand

Democracy

• State Gov’t

-initiative

-referendum

-recall

-primaries

-women voting- Secret ballot

- legislation

• Nat’l Gov’t

-amendments 16,17,18,19

-legislation

Nat’l & State Legislationto improve economic and social

justice in America

• State regulation of intrastate commerce• Consumer protection• Child labor• Tax reform• Minimum wage / max hour• Worker compensation / safety• Union protection• Conservation• Business regulation

* How did the SC respond to Progressivism?

• the “Brandeis Brief”

• interpretation of the14th Amendment

• Muller, Bunting, Lochner

17.2 ID Roles of Women

• in the workforce• opportunity for higher education• as a part of the Progressive movement

- “muckrakers”

- Lobbyists / NAWSA

- “social housekeeping”

* ID Leaders of Woman Suffrage

• Susan B. Anthony

• Eliz. Cady Stanton

- second wave:

• Alice Paul

• Carrie Catts

* ID the Progressive Presidents

• TR (R) 1901; 1904 - 1908

• Taft (R) 1908 - 1912

• WW (D) 1912 - 1920

1876 Hayes R

1880 Garfield/Arthur

R

1884 Cleveland D

1888 Harrison R

1892 Cleveland D

1896 McKinley R

1900 McKinley/TR R

1904 TR R

1908 Taft R

1912 WW D

1916 WW D

ID Elements of “The Square Deal”

The 3 C’s:

• Control Corporations

• Consumer Protection

• Conservation

* ID Elements of “The Square Deal”

Business Regulation• Trusts –”Trust Buster”• RR• ICC (1887)

– Elkins Act– Hepburn Act

• Strikes

EnvironmentParks/ Reserves

Newlands Act

Public Protection

•FDA

FAILURE IN CIVIL RIGHTS

* Who were the Muckrakers

Pg 532

Ida Tarbell

Upton Sinclair

Lincoln Steffens

*ID Taft’s Issues / Problems - he helps split the Republican party by 1912

• Gifford Pinchot

- fired him• Joe Cannon

- supported him• TR

- no image or charisma

• Tariff

- support of high tariff• Trusts

- attacked more trusts

*Why did the Republican Party split in 1912?

• TR’s response to Taft’s policy decisions

• The “Bull Moose” party• See election results

Wilson’s “New Freedom”

• control and regulate Trusts

- big is bad• control and regulate Banks

- prevent bank failures• reduce the impact of Tariffs

- replace it with the national income tax

*ID Ideas in WW’s “New Freedom”

• Econ/Soc

• Sherman -1890• Clayton-1914

• FTC• Fed. Reserve Act

• Prohibition• Income Tax

• Underwood Tariff • Keating-Owen Act

• Farm-Loan Act

• Political• Income Tax• Woman Suffrage• Senators

– Direct election

•The Democrats “steal” progressivism

BUSINESS REGULATION

LABOR FARMING

TARIFFS

BANKING

NEW FREEDOMLEGISLATION

*Why did Progressivism end?

• USA enters 1917

• WWI 1914-1918