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A comparative analysis of value added services provided by idea cellular ltd. and Vodafone telecom Summer Traning Project A comparative analysis of value added services (VAS) provided by Idea cellular ltd and Vodafone telecom company. Lovely professional university, phagwara, Punjab.” Submitted by: Gaurab Sharma Reg.no:-11003518 1

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Page 1: Project

A comparative analysis of value added services provided by idea cellular ltd. and Vodafone telecom

Summer Traning Project

A comparative analysis of value added services (VAS) provided by Idea cellular ltd and Vodafone telecom company.

Lovely professional university, phagwara, Punjab.”

Submitted by: Gaurab Sharma

Reg.no:-11003518

Roll no A

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LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT

Report on Summer Training

“A comparative analysis of value added services (VAS) provided by Idea cellular ltd and Vodafone telecom company”.

Submitted to Lovely Professional University

In partial fulfillment of the

Requirements for the award of Degree of

Master of Business Administration

Submitted by:

GAURAB SHARMA

Reg.no 11003518 (A23)

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY PHAGWARA

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CERTIFICATE FROM FACULTY GUIDE

The following Summer Project Report titled “A comparative analysis of value

added services (VAS) provided by Idea cellular ltd and Vodafone telecom company” is

hereby approved as a certified study in management carried out and presented in a manner

satisfactory to warrant its acceptance as a prerequisite for the award of Masters of business

administration for which it has been submitted. It is understood that by this approval the

undersigned do not necessarily endorse or approve any statement made, opinion expressed or

conclusion drawn therein but approve the Summer Project Report only for the purpose it is

submitted.

Mr Amrish Dogra

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This project is an outcome of six weeks mandatory summer training, which I have to undergo for the partial fulfillment of the MBA program. I wish to put on record my sincere gratitude to the following person without whose support the completion of this project would not have been possible. With immense pleasure I am to present this project on “A comparative analysis of value added services (VAS) provided by Idea cellular ltd and Vodafone telecom company. At the very outset, I would like to express my profound sense of gratitude to the authorities of Idea Telecom Company Specially Mr. Anil Abrol (TSM. In Idea cellular ltd) stand for providing me opportunities to access the record on the basis which this project report stands. I express my special thanks to Mr. Amrish dogra sir (ProjectGuider) for guidance & encouragement in project maintenance.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.No. Contents01. Introduction of telecom industry of India....................702. Gsm market in India.....................................................9 03 Company profile of idea.............................................1104 Product profile............................................................2205 Company profile of Vodafone....................................2406 Product Profile............................................................2907. Objective of study.......................................................3508 Review of literature....................................................3609. Research Methodology...............................................3810. Data Analysis..............................................................3911. Conclusion..................................................................4512. Recommendation........................................................4613 Graphical analysis…………………………………...4814. Questionnaire..............................................................5515. Bibliography..............................................................58

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Abstract

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to comparetive analysis the value added services (vas) provided by two company i.e. Idea Cellular Ltd and Vodafone telecom company. The main purpose of the research is to help the company to ascertain the consumers mind and according to that what strategies should be implemented for the marketing of the product.

Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on an in-depth literature review and a classification of the main contributions regarding the assessment of telecom company. Research is based on the survey of people living in kathua.

Practical implications – the research provides the company an overview of the taste and preference of consumer regarding value added services of people of kathua. Research could be help to understand the reason for liking or disliking of the product.

Originality/value – This case is an original attempt to illustrate the different perceptions of people regarding value added services.

Key words – value added services,

Paper Type – Research paper.

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Telecom Industry in India:

The telecom industry is one of the fastest growing industries in India. India has nearly 200 million telephone lines making it the third largest network in the world after China and USA. With a growth rate of 45%, Indian telecom industry has the highest growth rate in the world.

Much of the growth in Asia Pacific Wireless Telecommunication Market is spurred by the growth in demand in countries like India and China. India‘s mobile phone subscriber base is growing at a rate of 82.2%.

China is the biggest market in Asia Pacific with a subscriber base of 48% of the total subscribers in Asia Pacific. Compared to that India’s share in Asia Pacific Mobile Phone market is 6.4%. Considering the fact that India and China has almost comparable populations, India’s low mobile penetration offers huge scope for growth.

History of Indian Telecommunications:

Started in 1851 when the first operational land lines were laid by the government near Calcutta (seat of British power). Telephone services were introduced in India in 1881. In 1883 telephone services were merged with the postal system. Indian Radio Telegraph Company (IRT) was formed in 1923.

After independence in 1947, all the foreign telecommunication companies were nationalized to form the Posts, Telephone and Telegraph (PTT), a monopoly run by the government's Ministry of Communications. Telecom sector was considered as a strategic service and the government considered it best to bring under state's control.

The first wind of reforms in telecommunications sector began to flow in 1980s when the private sector was allowed in telecommunications equipment manufacturing. In 1985, Department of Telecommunications (DOT) was established. It was an exclusive provider of domestic and long-distance service that would be its own regulator (separate from the postal system). In 1986, two wholly government-owned companies were created: the Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) for international telecommunications and Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) for service in metropolitan areas. In 1990s, telecommunications sector benefited from the general opening up of the economy. Also, examples of telecom revolution in many other countries, which resulted in better quality of service and lower tariffs, led Indian policy makers to initiate a change process finally resulting in opening up of telecom services sector for the private sector.

National Telecom Policy (NTP) 1994 was the first attempt to give a comprehensive roadmap for the Indian telecommunications sector. In 1997, Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) was created. TRAI was formed to act as a regulator to facilitate the growth of the

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telecom sector. New National Telecom Policy was adopted in 1999 and cellular services were also launched in the same year.

Telecommunication sector in India can be divided into two segments: Fixed Service Provider (FSPs), and Cellular Services. Fixed line services consist of basic services, national or domestic long distance and international long distance services. The state operators (BSNL and MTNL), account for almost 90 per cent of revenues from basic services. Private sector services are presently available in selective urban areas, and collectively account for less than 5 per cent of subscriptions.

However, private services focus on the business/corporate sector, and offer reliable, high- end services, such as leased lines, ISDN, closed user group and videoconferencing. Cellular services can be further divided into two categories: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). The GSM sector is dominated by Airtel, Vodfone-Hutch, and Idea Cellular, while the CDMA sector is dominated by Reliance and Tata Indicom.

The Indian telecommunications Network with 250m telephone connections is the fifth largest in the world and is the second largest among the emerging economies of Asia. Today it is the fastest growing market in the world and represents unique opportunities for UK companies in the stagnant global scenario. Tele-density, which was languishing at 2% in 1999, has shown an impressive jump to 9.5% in 2006 and 10.5% in 2007 and is set to increase to 20% in the next five years beating the Govt. Target by three years.

Accordingly, India requires incremental investments of USD 20-25 bln for the next five years. Private operators have made mobile telephony the fastest growing (over 164% p.a.) in India. With more than 33 million users (both CDMA and GSM), wireless is the principal growth engine of the Indian telecom industry. Given the current growth trends, cellular connections in India will surpass fixed line by late 2004/early 2005. Intense competition between the four main private groups - Bharti, Vodafone, Tata and Reliance and with the State sector incumbents-BSNL and MTNL has brought about a significant drop in tariffs. There has been almost 74% in cell 5 phone charges, 70% in ILD calls and 25% drop in NLD charges, resulting in a boom time for the consumers.

The Government has played a key enabling role by deregulating and liberalising the industry, ushering in competition and paving the way for growth. While there were regulatory irregularities earlier, resulting in litigation, these have all been addressed now. Customs duties on hardware and mobile handsets have been reduced from 14 percent to 5 percent.

The Indian government has merged the IT and Telecom Ministries to speed up reforms and decision on the Communication Convergence Bill to enable the common regulation of the Internet, broadcasting and telecoms will be taken after the new Government assumes responsibilities in may this year. An independent regulatory body (TRAI) and dispute settlement body (TDSAT) is fully functional.

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GSM Market in INDIA:

With a population of around 1.1 billion growing at roughly 1.7 percent a year, India is potentially one of the most exciting GSM markets in the world. After two rather difficult years, the past 12months have seen the region's promise beginning to come to fruition. Much of this success can be attributed to the stabilisation of the licensing and regulatory environment.India's telecommunications have undergone a steady liberalisation since 1994 when the Indian government first sought private investment in the sector. More significant liberalisation followed in 1996 with the licensing of new local fixed line and mobile service providers. However, it has been the9government's New Telecom Policy (1999) that has had the most radical impact on the development of GSM services. 'The policy's mission statement is 'affordable communications for all', There is a genuine commitment to creating a modern and efficient communications infrastructure that takes account of the convergence of telecom, IT and media. In addition, the policy places significant emphasis on greater competition for both fixed and mobile services.' Competition in the mobile sector has already had a visible impact on prices with calls currently costing less than 9 cents per minute.

This means that service costs have fallen by 60 percent since the first GSM networks became live in 1995. It also helps explain why a recent Telecom Asia survey revealed that more than 70 per cent of Indian mobile subscribers felt that prices were now at a reasonable level. One of the challenges facing GSM operators in India is the diversity of the coverage regions -from remote rural regions to some of the most densely populated metropolitan areas in the world. India has more than 40 networks, which cover the seven largest cities, over 7000 towns and several Lacs villages. Such depth of coverage has required enormous investment from India's operators.

It is estimated that more than Rs200 billion10had been invested in India's GSM industry by mid-2000, a figure that is set to be supplemented by a further Rs. 300 billion over the next five years. The good news is that subscriber growth is beginning to look healthy. With India's low PC penetration and high average Internet usage -at 14-20 hours a month per user it is comparable to the US -the market for mobile data and m-commerce looks extremelypromising.

WAP services have already been launched in the subcontinent and the first GPRS networks are in the process of being rolled out. In the year ahead, GSM India will work with its members to realise the potential of early packet services in anticipation of the award of 3GSM licences.

India fastest growing GSM martIndia is expected to have 145 million GSM (global system for mobile communications) customers by 2007-08 compared to 26million subscribers as on March 2005, according to the Global Mobile Suppliers Association. "For GSM, India is a success story.

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It is one of the fastest growing markets with its subscriber base doubling in 2005. At this pace, the target of 150 million subscribers by 2007-2008 is definitely achievable," Alan Hadden, president of GSA, said at a news conference in New Delhi.11 Globally, the GSM market reached 1 billion users in February 2005, he said, adding GSM accounted for 80 per cent of the new subscriber growth in 2005."

Almost every Latin American operator has chosen GSM. In North America GSM growth is bigger than CDMA (code division multiple access)," he said. Commenting on the raging debate over GSM versus CDMA in mobile services arena, Hadden said: "GSM is the world's most successful mobile standard with over 1 billion users, and is an open mobile standard. It also supports automatic international roaming, which is a major contributor to business plans."

India’s GSM mobile firms’ revenue up 30 pct

India’s private telecoms firms offering GSM-based mobile services reported a 24 percent rise in revenue in the year to March 2007 but said future growth rates could slow because of heavy taxes on the nascent industry. Although India’s mobile sector is the world’s fastest growing major wireless market, it is amongst the highest taxed industries in the country.

Mobile carriers pay as much as 25 percent of their revenue as licence fee, spectrum charges and other taxes. The Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) said revenue for fiscal 2003/04 stood at 83.08 billion rupees ($1.86 billion) compared with 64 billion rupees a year earlier.

According to T.V. Ramachandran, director 12 general at COAI, “These revenue growth rates cannot be maintained unless there is a concerted effort by the government to cut excessive levies and allow sharing of infrastructure” “But the potential to do much better exists as there is still huge demand in the sector.” Ramachandran said the sector was still losing money but declined to elaborate.

Sales jumped because of a doubling of the GSM (Global System of Mobile Communications) user base as more people entered the flourishing market thanks to one of the lowest call rates in the world. But the monthly average revenue per user, a key measure of profitability, declined 17.4 percent to 432 rupees in the fourth quarter compared with 523 rupees in the first quarter due to a cut in tariffs and excessive competition among companies. Growth slowing, demand untapped.

The association has not included the financial performance and the GSM-user base of state-run firms Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd, the second-ranked player, and Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd, Ramachandran said. There are 150 million GSM customers and more than 96 million users of the rival CDMA-based mobile services in the country.

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The pace of growth in monthly additions is slowing after just 1.25 million users took up the service in April compared with 13 1.9 million in the previous month and 1.63 million in February. Ramachandran blamed the slowdown on a majority of small GSM operators being unable to expand networks into rural swathes where demand remained largely untapped.Company profile of idea cellular ltd.:

Introduction of Idea Cellular Limited:

Idea Cellular is a part of the US $24 billion Aditya Birla Group and a leading GSM mobile services operator with licenses to operate in 14 telecom service areas in India. The company has operations in Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh (W) & Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh (E), Madhya Pradesh & Chattisgarh, Gujarat, Maharashtra & Goa, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala with the planned expansion into Mumbai, Bihar, Jharkhand and now recently idea have successfully enter in Jammu and Kashmir.

Idea’s footprint will cover nearly 70 percent of India’s telephony potential. Idea Cellular had 16.13 Million subscribers as on June 30, 2007, and had a market share of 15.4 percent as on June 30, 2007 in its 11 service areas of operation.

History of Idea Cellular Limited:

Idea Cellular's history dates back to the year 1995, when it was incorporated as Birla Communications Services The following year, the company entered into a joint venture with Grasim Industries and the global telecom giant AT&T. The same year, its name was changed to Birla AT&T Communications Limited. A merger with Tata Cellular Limited took place in 2000. In 2002, the company created the brand ‘Idea' and changed its name to Idea Cellular Limited. The same year it launched operations in Delhi and crossed the one million subscriber base; in 2005, it crossed the subscriber base of five million.

In 2006, the Tata Group transferred all its shares to the Aditya Birla Group and the group became the largest shareholder in the company. In 2007, Idea came with an IPO and got listed on the bourses - the same year it reached the subscriber base of 20 million.

As a leader in Value Added Services, Innovation is central to IDEA's VAS Factory. It is the first cellular company to launch music messaging with 'Cellular Jockey', 'Background Tones', 'Group Talk', a voice portal with 'Say IDEA' and a complete suite of Mobile Email Services.

 Idea’s innovative and revolutionary VAS offering has been a major growth driver. Be it Mobile TV, which was launched for the first time in India on the Idea network; exhaustive Music library in multiple languages; DTs/ RBTs; and other content download from the world of Cinema, Music, Cricket etc. – Idea has consistently grown its VAS revenue. Its revenue share of VAS is now higher than the industry average.

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As a leader in Value Added Services, Innovation is central to IDEA's VAS Factory. It is the first cellular company to launch music messaging with 'Cellular Jockey', 'Background Tones', 'Group Talk', a voice portal with 'Say IDEA' and a complete suite of Mobile Email Services. A frontrunner in introducing revolutionary tariff plans, IDEA Cellular has the distinction of offering the most customer friendly and competitive Pre Paid offerings, for the first time in India, with 'Super Power', 2 Minutes Outgoing Free, Lifelong offer and other segmented offerings like Women's Card. 'Lifetime Idea' is the first and only loyalty program, for pre paid customers, introduced by a Cellular brand. Customer Service and Innovation are the drivers of this Cellular Brand.

 2009

Subscriber base as on December 31, 2009: 57,611,872

Idea becomes a pan-India operator

Emerging Company of the Year - fastest growing mobile operator in the world’s fastest growing telecom market

 

Becomes pan-India operator in 2009

 

2008

Subscriber base as on December 31, 2008: 40,016,153

Idea acquired 9 licences for Punjab, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu & Chennai, West Bengal, Orissa, Kolkata, Assam, North East and Jammu & Kashmir

Acquired Spice Communications with the operating circles of Punjab and Karnataka

Launched services in Mumbai metro in the largest single metro

   

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city launch, ever

Launched services in Bihar

 

2007

Subscriber base as on December 31, 2007: 21,054,027

Won an award for the "CARE" service in the "Best Billing or Customer Care Solution" at the GSM Association Awards in Barcelona, Spain

Initial Public Offering aggregating to Rs. 28,187 million and Listing of Equity Shares on the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange

Merger of seven subsidiaries with Idea Cellular Limited

Reached the twenty million subscriber mark.

   

 

2006

Subscriber base as on December 31, 2006: 12,442,450

Became part of the Aditya Birla Group subsequent to the TATA Group transferring its entire shareholding in the Company to the Aditya Birla Group

Acquired Escorts Telecommunications Limited (subsequently renamed as Idea Telecommunications Limited)

Restructuring of debt

Launch of the New Circles

Reached the 10 million subscriber mark

Received Letter of Intent from the DoT for a new UAS License for the Mumbai Circle.

Received Letter of Intent from the DoT for a new UAS License for the Bihar Circle through Aditya Birla Telecom Limited. ABNL, the parent of Aditya Birla Telecom Limited, pursuant to a letter dated November 22, 2006, agreed to transfer its entire shareholding in Aditya Birla Telecom Limited to the

   

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Company for the consideration of Rs. 100 million.

 

2005

Subscriber base as on December 31, 2005: 6,473,962

Reached the five million subscriber mark

Turned Profit Positive

Won an Award for the "Bill Flash" service at GSM Association Awards in Barcelona, Spain

Sponsored the International Indian Film Academy Awards

   

Summary of Benefits A cost effective access to the GSM telecommunications Network for incoming and

outgoing calls. Fast GSM call set-up. No more bottlenecks with calls having to be routed first

through the fixed network.

The GSM Gateway can be positioned before or after the PABX.

Full Remote control management system, via Local connection, ISDN dial-in or via IP, allowing Real time monitoring down to each individual SIM card/GSM Channel and also reloading of SIM cards, for changes in budgeting whether time or price dependant.

Board of Directors:

Mr. Kumar Mangalam Birla (chairman)

Smt. Rajshree Birla

Mr .Himanshu kapania (managing director)

Mr.Arun Thiagranjan

Mr, Gian Parkash

Mr. Biswajit

Management Team:

Corporate leadership Team

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Mr. Himanshu Kapania (Managing Director)

Mr. Ambrish jain (Deputy Managing Director)

Mr. Akshaya Moondra (Chief Financial Officer)

Mr. Anil k Tandon (Chief Techonology Officer)

Mr. Parkash k Paranjape (Chief Information Officer)

Promoters:

IDEA Cellular is part of the Aditya Birla Group, India's first truly multinational corporation. Global in vision, rooted in Indian values, the Group is driven by a performance ethic pegged on value creation for its multiple stakeholders.

The group operates in 25 countries, and is anchored by over 100,000 employees belonging to 25 nationalities. The Group has been adjudged 'The Best Employer in India and among the Top 20 in Asia' by the Hewitt-Economic Times and Wall Street Journal Study 2007.A premium conglomerate, the Aditya Birla Group is a leader in swathe of products  - viscose staple fibre, aluminium, cement, copper, carbon black, insulators, garments.

The Group has also made successful forays into financial services, telecom, software, BPO and retail sectors. Today, the Group is India's most diversified business house.

Call Conference

Call conferencing an excellent tool for setting up a teleconference of upto 5 people who are located anywhere in the world. This is one easy-to-use facility and reduces the need to have separate conversations with multiple people. In today's fast paced world, where the emphasis is on getting it right the first time, Call Conferencing can be of great help

Fixed Cellular Terminals (FCT)

IDEA FCT is a single line PSTN simulation made available on GSM network. This product converts GSM calls to normal analog telephone line with an output similar to existing PSTN environment with all the basic features of Voice & Data*. It seamlessly integrates with any EPBX/Desk phone diverting calls made from fixed lines to mobiles through the SIM card, making them mobile to mobile calls.

 Who it's for

A fixed cellular terminal would most suit companies that make a lot of calls from fixed line office phones to mobile phones either of Idea or other of any other operator. Fixed cellular terminals divert mobile traffic from fixed line phones through a SIM

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card in the fixed cellular terminal allowing subscribers to take advantage of the cost of mobile to mobile call instead of a fixed line to mobile call thus giving a saving of more than 50%. How it works Installing a GSM gateway alongside EPBX (Switch) has no effect on the Switch. When a call is made that has a Mobile prefix (09) the gateway detects the number being dialed is a mobile number and automatically routes it through a Sim card in the Gateway. Normal Land Line to Land Line calls pass straight through the Gateway and onto the fixed line network as normal.

 Benefit

Cost Reduction in Telecom Bill: By routing the mobile terminating calls through Idea, enterprises can save money to the extent of 20-25% on their bills. Idea also offers lower STD/ISD tariffs than landline operators; hence savings can be much higher for cos. with multi-location offices and clients. This feature is called Least Cost Routing. It enables automatic routing of mobile terminating calls thru GSM, while routing landline calls thru PSTN network.

Reach: FCTs can be used even in remote locations where landline connectivity is not available. This is primarily true for city outskirts and rural areas.

Reliability of service by being on GSM as against landline

Unmatched Features of GSM: FCT enables a customer to do almost everything from a desktop phone that is possible from an Idea mobile phone. Call features like call waiting, divert, hold/swap, conferencing, SMS sending and receiving, abbreviated dialing etc. are all possible on FCT.

Additional Features: FCT also enables blocking or enabling calls to certain nos., tracking call details like duration, last few calls and call charges, hotline functionality and many more.

Easy integration with EPBX in multi user enviornment

GSM PRI Gateway

GSM Gateway caters specifically to the requirement of medium to large enterprises with large number of extensions and EPABX installation. Idea GSM PRI Gateway is the solution for cost effective direct connection to the mobile network. The GSM Mobile Gateway provides the possibility to cut costs in the following ways: Calls from the desktop telephone / PSTN network to the GSM network are expensive, so the Idea GSM PRI Gateway routes these calls from the PBX to the GSM Network via it’s own SIM cards and GSM Engines converting the call, instead of Fixed Line to GSM, but to a GSM to GSM call, in some cases this could be a cost reduction of up to 50 percent

 

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 Basic Features of the Idea GSM PRI Gateway :

Combinations of interfaces: E1, PRI (Primary Rate Interface), BRI and GSM. SMS - Email - SMS functionality, allowing Emails to be sent as an SMS and vise

versa, emails SMS can be received as emails also to multiple targets.

Call Data Records show all required information e.g. Port ID, Interface ID, ISDN B Channel, and the ICC ID (SIM Card ID).

Remote maintenance with the Trace Info Client shows detailed Information, Fallback to other Trunk Groups if call fails and Call Data Records. .

 Advanced Features of the Idea GSM PRI Gateway

The monitoring software allows realtime Call Server details either via ISDN or IP, including SIM card ID, Causes, Duration of call, call charge, Port ID and B Channel and all other relevant required information.

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Call Home events to the Network Management system for automatic upgrades upload of CDR'S to your server, SIM Budget information, and refresh of SIMs, either via ISDN or IP.

Advanced Trace Info functions with precise SIM individual information

 Summary of Benefits

A cost effective access to the GSM telecommunications Network for incoming and outgoing calls.

Fast GSM call set-up. No more bottlenecks with calls having to be routed first through the fixed network.

The GSM Gateway can be positioned before or after the PABX.

Full Remote control management system, via Local connection, ISDN dial-in or via IP, allowing Real time monitoring down to each individual SIMcard/GSM Channel and also reloading of SIMcards, for changes in budgeting whether time or price dependant.

Remote Energy meter reading Solution

Remote meter reading is an area focused on the automatic reading of meters - the non-manual collection, storage and utilization of data from meters for monitoring and increasing the efficiency of processes. Applications lie mainly in the area of Utility services and include power, water and gas.

 

Today most of Power distribution companies are looking at ways to collect data & control (on/off) systems remotely. They need data transfer from one point to another:

From Consumer meters to their server for billing From the Distribution Transformers to check leakages

Street light control data

Grid to grid data transfer & many more

 Benefits of remote meter reading & control

Efficiencies arising out of automating and systemizing areas like Meter Reading, Billing, payment of bills through e-Commerce etc.

Checks corruptions / prevent meter tampring

Reduces cost of collecting readings

Reading may be pulled any time during the month

Much more data can be pulled like peak load, usage pattern etc.

o Ultimate customer satisfaction.

o Analysis and useful interpretation of usage trends.

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o Readings from difficult to access meters.

o Meter reader safety.

o Accurate tracking of demand.

 Idea Cellular Ltd. plays the role of a carrier in this application. Hence, Idea’s scope includes providing GPRS & SMS services with appropriate tariff. Providing hardware for Remote Energy Meter, software for input and output of data at the vehicle level as well as at corporate customer’s end, and managing all allied services related to the same falls in the scope of a vendor/service provider. This vendor is usually engaged by the customer directly, though Idea can give recommendation of preferred partners

Vehicle Tracking System

VTS enables businesses to keep track of their fleets of vehicles through a VTS unit installed in a vehicle. VTS unit has a GPS device (to take the location coordinates), GSM modem (which is programmed to initiate an outgoing SMS / GPRS session) and a GSM SIM card.

 

The GPS receiver captures position data from the satellites, computes the position of the vehicle and sends this information to a central base station, using SMS / GPRS. This information is collected by web-server at the base station & location information is plotted using GIS maps.

 

 

Idea Cellular Ltd. plays the role of a carrier in this application. Hence, Idea’s scope includes providing GPRS & SMS services with appropriate tariff. Providing hardware for Vehicle tracking unit, software for input and output of data at the vehicle level as well as at corporate customer’s end, and managing all allied services related to the same falls in the scope of a vendor/service provider. This vendor is usually engaged by the customer directly, though Idea can give recommendation of preferred partners.

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Internet on mobile

Idea's 3G compatible network supports General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), which allows you to access Internet websites and information portals on your mobile, making it possible to stay informed and remain truly connected in this dynamically changing and competitive environment. Gone are the days when connecting to a website from the mobile took as long as 2 - 3 minutes. GPRS compatible handsets ensure that as a user, you are "always on". There is no need for a dial up connection or any ISP connection.

 

Now you can now carry the World Wide Web in their pocket - The Idea World. Read email, get stock quotes, check the weather, read the latest news and even chat with friends and "Buddies" on Idea Network, Yahoo, MSN and ICQ while on the move.

 

One of the mind-blowing applications on GPRS is Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS). Idea is among the pioneers in the country to provide MMS. This latest innovation in the area of mobile communication provides you the ability to communicate not just in voice or text but also in full colour images. Now you can send your emotions to your near and dear ones; with photographs, attach voice clips and append text too. Just in case the receiver does not have an MMS handset, even then the photographs can be accessed from our website www.ideacellular.com/webmms. For your convenience, we have also created a library of photo album and voice clips, from where you can choose and send photographs. Further, you can also compose your own MMS message on the above mentioned website and send it across to a cellular phone or any e-mail ID.

 

With the introduction of GPRS on its network, Idea also supports the use of the GPRS phone as a modem, providing busy lap top armed executives, like most of you; the opportunity to log in wirelessly while "on the go". Thus now you can surf the internet using our GPRS connectivity with your computer.

Idea NetSetter USB

Idea Cellular has launched the new Net Setter EG612 USB Modem (usable with both desktops & Laptops) with data, & SMS facility. It is a conveniently slim & stylish solution for internet access on the move. USB modem is a dedicated data access (GPRS) device to be used with desktops / laptops for wireless internet (GPRS) access.

Idea Net Setter is a terminal available for high-speed wireless network access, with which the users can access the Internet in the wireless way at home, office, outdoor sites and so on.

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3G NetSetter is launched at an aggressive price point of Rs.1999/- (MRP)Please note: Please note: Netsetter Price for Andhra Pradesh & Maharashtra &Goa is at Rs.1600/-(MRP).

Salient Features of 3G NetSetterSpeed - 3G NetSetter support speed of up to 3.6Mbps on HSDPA network and is backward compatible on our current EDGE/GPRS Network. On the current 2G environment subscribers will continue to experience EDGE speeds of up to 236.8 Kbps.

SIM Lock - 3G NetSetter is being launched with a unique SIM Lock functionality wherein the first SIM inserted in the device will be locked with the particular NetSetter device, this will help us address current issues like subscribers not using bundled SIMs and using SIM cards with mobile GPRS plan etc.

USSD Support - 3G NetSetter will enable Pre-paid subscribers to check pre-paid balance though one click USSD option instead of the current SMS mode .

Operating System - 3G NetSetter support all existing and new operating systems like Windows 7, Mac and Linux (limited versions)

Other Features:- Size: 71.5×26×11mm HSUPA/HSDPA/UMTS 2100MHz

EDGE/GPRS/GSM 850/900/1800/1900MHz;

HSDPA 3.6M

Data / SMS / USSD support

Invoke browser option

Rx Diversity (Optional)

Improved design

Compatible with Windows 2000/XP/Vista/7, Mac, and Linux OS (limited versions)

Micro SD Card Slot

2 years warranty

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The Idea Net Setter supports the following standards:

Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)

Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution (EDGE)

The Idea Net Setter supports the following services: Data service Short message service (SMS)

The EDGE peak rate and effective peak rate are 247kbit/s and 236.8 kbit/s respectively; the GPRS peak rate is 85.6 kbit/s.The IDEA Net Setter is connected to a portable computer or PC by a USB interface. In the service area of the EDGE/GPRS/GSM network, user can wirelessly surf the Internet, send/receive messages and emails. With the high speed, reliable performance, and easy operation of the IDEA Net Setter, the users can enjoy much more in experiencing the wireless network.

The product is priced at Rs. 2490/- MRP (incl of taxes)

Features GSM/GPRS/EDGE 850 MHz/900 MHz/1800 MHz/1900 MHz Global roaming

GRPS/EDGE Class1~Class12

Data and SMS capabilities.

SMS services (group sending and editing the extra-long messages)

Plug & Play function, Zero CD installation

Product profile

Value added service of idea:

As a leader in Value Added Services, Innovation is central to IDEA's VAS Factory. It is the first cellular company to launch music messaging with 'Cellular Jockey', 'Background Tones', 'Group Talk', a voice portal with 'Say IDEA' and a complete suite of Mobile Email Services.

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 Idea’s innovative and revolutionary VAS offering has been a major growth driver. Be it Mobile TV, which was launched for the first time in India on the Idea network; exhaustive Music library in multiple languages; DTs/ RBTs; and other content download from the world of Cinema, Music, Cricket etc. – Idea has consistently grown its VAS revenue. Its revenue share of VAS is now higher than the industry average.

Value added services of idea cellular:

Service name Description Activation Price PointDialer Tones Sunaiye apne doston

ko manpasand gane Dialer tones ke saath song selection @Rs15/90days

Dial 554561@50p/min

Rs 30/month

MBO Sunaiye apne doston ko manpasand movies, select kar sakte hain 10 free movies aur suniye 300 min free

Dial 55755 (TollFree)

Rs 30/month

Big Radio Sunaiye apne doston ko manpasand gane bilkul muft mein, poore 300 min. Ke liye @Rs30/mth

Dial 55755 (TollFree)

Rs 30/month

Astro World Janiye Aapka Luky Number Ya Bhavishye ki jaankari paayein pure 60 mins Rs30 ke monthly subscription par

Dial 55755 (TollFree)

Rs 30/month

Sports Pack Ab suniyee sports news.

Send-sub<onspr> to 55456 @RS3/sms

Rs 30/month

Cricket Payiye desh videsh ke khelo ki khabr apne mobile par SMS dwara

Send-sub<onckt> to 55456 @RS3/sms

Rs 5/match day

Mega Portal Jokes Payiye unlimted jokes, chutkule aur hansi ki bahar !!

Send-sub<onjok> to 55456 @RS3/sms

Rs 40/month

Comedy Junction Suniye Raju Srivastava Jokes,santa banta jokes, ya shayari

Dial 55755 (TollFree)

Rs 30/month

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Bhare jokes @30/month

Idea Music Station Suniye BollyWood ,Top 10, Evergreen, devotional,Himachali, Phari songs &Dogri songs

Dial 55755 (TollFree)

Rs 30/60Min

Voice Chat Kare dil ki Baatein Dil Khol Kar Har Pal Rahe Haseen aur Bindass Doston sath

Dial 55755 @Rs3/Min

Rs 30/month

Live Aarti Suno shari patna sahib aur Delhi Ke Gurudwara Bangla Sahib ki

Dial 54322 Rs30/60min/1month

Voice Portal Play contest, download ringtones, gane suniye, Lata Special, Amitabh special

Dial 54040 @ rs 6.99/min

Rs 6.99/min

Company profile of VODAFONE.:

Introduction of vodafone:

Vodafone Essar, formerly Hutchison Essar, is a cellular operator in India that covers 23 telecom circles in India. It is based in Mumbai. On July 2011, Vodafone Group agreed terms for the buy-out of its partner Essar from its Indian mobile phone business. The UK firm paid $5.46 billion to its Indian counterpart to take Essar out of its 33% stake in the Indian subsidiary. It will leave Vodafone owning 74% of the Indian business, while the other 26% will be owned by Indian investors, in compliance with Indian law. It is the second largest mobile phone operator in terms of revenue behind Bharti Airtel, and third largest in terms of customers. Vodafone had about 134.5 million customers as of February 2011.

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On 11 February, 2007, Vodafone agreed to acquire the controlling interest of 67% held by Li Ka Shing Holdings in Hutch-Essar for US$11.1 billion, pipping Reliance Communications, Hinduja Group, and Essar Group, which is the owner of the remaining 33%. The whole company was valued at USD 18.8 billion. The transaction closed on 8 May, 2007. Despite the official name being Vodafone Essar, its products are simply branded Vodafone. It offers both prepaid and postpaid GSM cellular phone coverage throughout India with good presence in the metros.

Vodafone Essar provides 2.75G services based on 900 MHz and 1800 MHz digital GSM technology. Vodafone Essar will launch 3G services in the country in the January-March quarter of 2011 and plans to spend up to $500 million within two years on its 3G networks.

Hutchison Essar (1992-2007)

In 1992, Hutchison Whampoa and its Indian business partner – Max Group, established a company that in 1994 was awarded a licence to provide mobile telecommunications services in Bombay (now Mumbai) and launched commercial services as Hutchison Max in November 1995. In Delhi, Uttar Pradesh (East), Rajasthan and Haryana, Essar Group was the major partner. But later Hutch took the majority stake.

By the time of Hutchison Telecom's Initial Public Offering in 2004, Hutchison Whampoa had acquired interests in six mobile telecommunications operators providing service in 13 of India's 23 licence areas and following the completion of the acquisition of BPL Mobile that number increased to 16. In 2006, it announced the acquisition of a company (Essar Spacetel — A subsidiary of Essar Group) that held licence applications for the seven remaining licence areas.

Initially, the company grew its business in the largest wireless markets in India — in citieslike Mumbai, Delhi and Kolkata. In these densely populated urban areas it was able to establish a robust network, well known brand and large distribution network – all vital to long-term success in India.

Then it also targeted business users and high-end post-paid customers which helped Hutchison Essar to consistently generate a higher Average Revenue Per User (ARPU) than its competitors. By adopting this focused growth plan, it was able to establish leading positions in India's largest markets providing the resources to expand its footprint nationwide.

In February 2007, Hutchison Telecom announced that it had entered into a binding agreement with a subsidiary of Vodafone Group Plc to sell its 67% direct and indirect equity and loan interests in Hutchison Essar Limited for a total cash consideration (before costs, expenses and interests) of approximately $11.1 billion.

Timeline

1992: Hutchison Whampoa and Max Group establish Hutchison Max

2000: Acquisition of Delhi operations and entry into Calcutta (now Kolkata) and Gujarat markets through Essar acquisition

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2001: Won auction for licences to operate GSM services in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Chennai

A 'You and I' print advertisement of Hutch featuring Cheeka (dog)

2003: Acquired AirCel Digilink (ADIL — ESSAR Subsidiary) which operated in Rajastan, Uttar Pradesh East and Haryana telecom circles and rebranded it 'Hutch'.

2004: Launched in three additional telecom circles of India namely Punjab, Uttar Pradesh (West) and West Bengal.

2005: Acquired BPL Mobile operations in 3 circles. This left BPL with operations only in Mumbai, where it still operates under the brand 'Loop Mobile'.

2007: Vodafone acquires a 67% stake in Hutchison Essar for $10.7 billion. The company is renamed Vodafone Essar. 'Hutch' is rebranded to 'Vodafone'.

2008: Vodafone acquires the licences in remaining 7 circles and has starts its pending operations in Madhya Pradesh circle, as well as in Orissa, Assam, North East and Bihar.

Vodafone acquires Essar's Stake:

On March 31, 2011, Vodafone Group Plc announced that it would buy an additional 33% stake in its Indian joint venture for $5 billion after partner Essar Group exercised an option to sell the holding in the mobile-phone operator. The deal will raise Vodafone’s stake to 75%. Essar will exit the company after it implemented a put option over 22% of the venture. Vodafone exercised its call option to buy an 11% stake.[7]

In 2007, Vodafone granted options to Essar that would enable the conglomerate to sell its entire stake for $5bn, or to dispose of part of the 33 per cent shareholding at an independently appraised fair market value. In January 2011, Vodafone objected to Essar’s plans to place part of its 33% stake in India Securities, a small public company. Vodafone feared the move would give an inflated market value to Vodafone Essar.[8] It had approached the market regulator SEBI and also filed a petition in the Madras High Court.

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The final shareholding pattern post this deal was not provided by the company as it was not clear whether Vodafone's stake would exceed the 74 per cent FDI limit. Indian laws don't allow foreign companies to own more than 74% in a local mobile-phone operator. Vodafone has assured it will comply with local rules. Vodafone will have to sell that 1% to some Indian entity, or they’ll have to consider an initial public offering. Vodafone also said that final settlement is anticipated to be completed by November 2011. The completion of the deal would be subject to meeting certain conditions which include Reserve Bank of India's permission as well as valuation of the deal.[9]

Vodafone Tax Avoidance Case:

Vodafone has been embroiled in a $2.5 billion Tax dispute with the Indian Tax Authorities over its purchase of Hutshison Essar Telecom services in April 2007.It is being alleged by the Indian Tax authorites that the Transaction involved purchase of assets of an Indian Company , and are liable to be taxed in India.[10]

3G

On 19 May 2010, the 3G spectrum auction in India ended. Vodafone paid 11617.86 million (the second highest amount in the auctions) for spectrum in 9 circles. The circles it will provide 3G in are Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Kolkata, Maharashtra & Goa, Mumbai, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh (East) and West Bengal.[11]

On 16 March, 2011, Vodafone launched 3G services in Uttar Pradesh (East) in the cities of Kanpur and Lucknow.[12] Vodafone had already launched limited 3G services in Chennai and Delhi earlier, but the Uttar Pradesh (East) launch counts as its first fully commercial launch. This makes Vodafone the fifth private operator (seventh overall) to launch its 3G services in the country following Tata Docomo, Reliance Communications, Airtel and Aircel.

3G Coverage:

Vodafone’s 3G service is currently available in the following cities of their respective circles:

Telecom Circle State/RegionNo. of Towns

Cities/Towns

Delhi Delhi NCR N/A DelhiGujarat Gujarat 4 Ahmedabad, Gandhidham, Rajkot, SuratHaryana Haryana 0Kolkata1 Kolkata 1 Kolkata

Maharashtra and Goa

Maharashtra2 1 NagpurGoa 2 Panaji/Caranzalem/Dona Paula, Margao

Mumbai3 Mumbai 1 MumbaiTamil Nadu Tamil Nadu 3 Chennai, Coimbatore, Vellore

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Uttar Pradesh (East)

Eastern Uttar Pradesh

2Allahabad (April 2011), Kanpur, Lucknow,

Varanasi(April 2011)Bihar Bihar 3 Patna, Ranchi, Jamshedpur

West Bengal West Bengal4 0

1Kolkata is a metro circle and is not included in West Bengal circle, even though it is a part of West Bengal state.2Excluding Mumbai3Mumbai is a metro circle and is not included in Maharashtra circle, even though it is a part of Maharashtra state.4Excluding Kolkata

Subscriber Base:

Following is the Vodafone Essar subscriber base statistics as on June 2011.

Subscriber Base Statistics as on January, 2011

Telecom Cicle No. of Subscribers

Gujarat 1,49,10,573

Uttar Pradesh(East) 1,42,37,217

Maharashtra 1,19,62,824

West Bengal 1,10,40,815

Tamil Nadu 93,30,557

Rajasthan 87,11,277

Uttar Pradesh(West) 92,34,369

Andhra Pradesh 73,47,024

Delhi 77,88,376

Karnatka 65,91,039

Kerala 55,35,177

Bihar 52,44,148

Kolkata 43,73,647

Punjab 41,32,392

Haryana 41,70,943

Madhya Pradesh 31,35,580

Chennai 21,13,992

Orissa 23,38,159

Assam 16,50,109

North East 8,61,826

Jammu & Kashmir 5,65,253

Himachal Pradesh 3,57,430

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Mumbai 58,87,113

Total number of Vodafone Essar Subscribers : 14,15,19,840, i.e. 23.63% of the total 59,87,79,674 Indian mobile phone subscribers.

Competitors :

Vodafone competes with 14 other mobile operators throughout India. They are Aircel, Airtel, Cheers Mobile, BSNL, Idea, Loop Mobile, MTNL, MTS, Ping Mobile, Reliance Communications, S Tel, Tata DoCoMo, Tata Indicom, Uninor, Videocon and Virgin Mobile.

PRODUCT PROFILE:

SERVICES

Clip Call Hold/call waiting Call conference Clir Itemised Bill (Post Paid) SMS Call Barring (CBARR) (Post Paid)CALLER LINE IDENTIFICATION PRESENTATION (CLIP)Clip identifies the caller by displaying the number of the caller on the handset. Thisallows you the benefit of accepting or rejecting the call; although, at times caller LineIdentification may not appear due to technical problems in the originating network.CALL HOLD/ CALL WAITThis feature allows you to receive or make another call, while you are already busy

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with a call, without disconnecting it . You can receive or make a second call, byputting the first call on hold. You billed for both the calls. You can activate callwaiting by using the menu of your cell phone

CALL CONFERENCE (CC)This feature allows you to have a teleconference with up to five people at the same time, from wherever you are. You can conference with either cellular or landline phones, including STD and ISD calls. To make a conference call simply make your first call. Then put the first call on hold and dial the next number. To conference, scroll through the handset menu and select the conference feature. Now your call are connected . to invite another person follow the same steps again.Note: Call conference is a handset dependent feature You are charged for the time on hold and conference The originator of the calls will be charged for all the calls initiated byhim.To use the facility you need to activate the “call waiting” feature onyour handset.

CALLER LINE IDENTIFICATION RESTRICTION (CLIR)

Now, with CLIR you can restrict your cellular phone number from being displayed on the receiver’s cellular phone. This means, you can maintain complete confidentiality of your number. This feature might not function across operator networks, but will definitely restrict caller ID when called within the same cellular operator network’s Mobile numbers.

ITEMISED BILLING

An itemized bill gives you the details of all calls made and received, and of all theother facilities you availed of, on your mobile number during a month. It alsocarries details of the number called/ received, time and date of the call, durationand the amount charged.

SHORT MESSAGING SERVICE

This feature allows you to send and receive messages to and from, respectively;almost all national and international cellular operators. SMS allows you access toservices lime receiving stock quotes, horoscopes, Jokes messages, email, newsand many others. It comes as an in built feature to all Vodafone subscribers.Vodafone offers an array of Services that help you manage your calls better. Fromcaller Identification to call waiting, from call divert to call conference Vodafoneredefines convenience. Most of these features are optional and can be availed ofon request and carry a nominal subscription charge. To activate any feature callour customers care or visit any Vodafone ‘n’ U Showroom.

CALL DIVERT (CD)

With call Divert, you can divert an incoming call to another cell phone (be itVodafone or Airtel/ Essar or BSNL cellular Phone ) or even a landline number(within Andhra Pradesh local dialing list). You can divert your calls.

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VALUE ADDED SERVICES

Just when you thought you had the cake, we made it possible for you to eat it too.Introducing THE VODAFONE Value Added Services, a vibrant bouquet of "littleconveniences" "small pleasures" "bits of happiness" "dollops of infotainment" and allthose "itsy bitsy" wants of yours that together make up THE BIG SMILING

PICTURE.SMS based services to Voice based ones, the vodafone range cuts across allmodes of communication to ensure the BEST VALUE for your money. So be it downloading the latest ring tones or sharing the freshest of blonde jokes, be it checking the status of your cousin's train arrival time or arranging a pick up for your boss's delayed flight, vodafone hands you the power to do it all. You could also book a surprise movie ticket or deliver those dainty dandelions for your date or access the latest cricket scores or some serious stock information; or maybe even play downloadable games or chill out with some zany chats with buddies on-line.

VODAFONE 'S VALUE ADDED SERVICES ARE AS INNOVATIVE ANDEXCITING AS YOUR DESIRES.

VALUE ADDED SERVICES – (JAMMU )

SMS SERVICES - vodafone Buzz - Subscription Services - 4560456 SMS Short Code Text Messaging Dynamic Voice Mail Service GPRS vodafone Buzz - Subscription Services - 4560456 SMS Short Code Text Messaging Dynamic Voice Mail Service VOICE Say vodafone -456 Ganesha Speaks - 181 Back ground Music

VODAFONE GPRS – THE INTERNET ON THE MOVE VODAFONE

Vodafone’s 3G compatible network supports general Packet radio service (GPRS) and EDGE, which allows you to access internet websites and information portals on your mobile, making it possible to stay informed and remain truly connected in this dynamically changing and competitive environment. Gone are the days when connecting to a website from the mobile took as long as 2 – 3 minutes. GPRS compatible handsets ensure that as a user, you are “ always on”. There is no need for a dial up connection or any ISP connection.

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Now you can now carry the world Wide Web in their pocket – the vodafone world. Read email, get stock quotes, check the weather, read the latest news and even chat with friends and “Buddies” on Idea Network, yahoo, MSN and ICQ while on the move. One of the mind – blowing applications on GPRS/EDGE in multimedia Messaging Service (MMS). Vodafone is among the pioneers in the country to provide MMS. This latest innovation in the area of mobile communication provides you the ability to communication provides you the ability to communicate not just in voice or text but also in full color images. Now you can send your emotions to your near and dear ones; with photographs, attach voice clips and append text too. Just in case the receiver does not have on MMS handset, even then the photographs can be accessed from our website http.//www. vodafone co.in// for your convenience, we havealso created a library of photo album and voice clips, from where you can choose and send photographs. Further, you can also compose your own MMS message on the above – mentioned website and send it across to a cellular phone or any e-mail ID.

With the introduction of GPRS on its networks, vodafone also supports the use of the GPRS phone as a modem, providing busy lap top armed executives, like most of you; the opportunity to log in wirelessly while “ on the go” . thus now you can surf the Internet using our GPRS connectivity with your computer.

ADVANTAGE OF VODAFONE GPRS High speed and “ always on “ internet on the move Internet access on prepaid also Liberation from the shackles of dial - up or ISP connection. Receive voice calls or SMS even while logged on to GPRS. Revolutionary concept of charging - only for what you send and receive Offers MMS, a platform to communicate not just in voice or text but also in full color

images.

Value added services of Vodafone:

Service name Description Activation Price PointcallerTones Sunaiye apne doston

ko manpasand gane Dialer tones ke saath song selection

Dial 537153 Rs 30/month

Music junction Now you get instant access to more than 1 lakh song across 23 languages

Dial 537153 Rs 30/month

Big Radio Sunaiye apne doston ko manpasand gane bilkul muft mein, poore 100 min. Ke liye @Rs30/mth

Dial 537153 (TollFree)

Rs 30/month

Astro World Janiye Aapka Luky Number Ya

Dial 537153(TollFree)

Rs 30/month

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Bhavishye ki jaankari paayein pure 60 mins Rs30 ke monthly subscription par

Sports Pack Ab suniyee sports news.

Send- to 537153 @RS6/sms

Rs 30/month

Cricket Payiye desh videsh ke khelo ki khabr apne mobile par SMS dwara

Send Act –cric to 537153 @RS3/sms/111(toolfree)

Rs 40/month

Mega Portal Jokes Spread the good cheer around with some rib-tickling jokes!

SMS JOKE to 56789 Rs 40/month

Comedy Junction Ab suniye stand up comedy

Just dial 56789 and say “jokes”

Rs 30/month

Vodafone Music Get all the tunes that get you humming

SMS ACT MS to 111 (toll free)

Rs 60Month

Voice Chat Kare dil ki Baatein Dil Khol Kar Har Pal Rahe Haseen aur Bindass Doston sath

Dial 55755 @Rs3/Min

Rs 30/month

Live Aarti AARTI and send it to 111(postpaid) /144 (pre-paid),

Dial 111/144 Rs2 /day

Voice Portal Play contest, download ringtones, gane suniye, Lata Special, Amitabh special

Dial 111 Rs 10/min.

Vodafone India has reported a 14.7% increase in revenues, including a 2.3 percentage point benefit from Indus Towers, the Group’s network sharing joint venture, for the half year ended September 30th 2010, if you don’t take into account foreign exchange fluctuations. The growth, according to the company, has been driven by a 42.7% increase in the average mobile customer base and strong usage per customer partially offset by a fall in the effective rate per minute due to an increase in the penetration of lower priced tariffs into the customer base. India is now the second largest emerging market for Vodafone, after South Africa. At constant exchange rates, EBITDA for Vodafone increased by 23.5% for the quarter. Note that the quarterly figures below include the impact of foreign exchange. However, if you take into account exchange rate fluctuations, India service revenues declined quarter on quarter, with voice revenues declining 6.58%, even as messaging (2.56%) and data/VAS (1.82%) revenues increased.

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Data/VAS Focus

Data/VAS revenues have been growing for Vodafone every quarter, even though the growth was marginal over the last two. The company says that it will look to capitalize on the increase in demand for data services, by developing its data networks in Indian and African markets, looking to offer data pricing plans to tiered plans and differentiated service levels, to encourage data adoption and adjust pricing to usage. As we had reported earlier, Vodafone is in the process of setting up a data services development center in Bangalore.

ARPU, Minutes Of Use, Customers & Churn

Vodafone’s ARPU declined quarter on quarter by a substantive 7.3% quarter on quarter, to Rs. 177 from Rs. 191. This is despite increasing total minutes of use to 104.87 billion, up from 103.2 billion the previous quarter. The company said that on its earnings conference call that its outgoing price per minute has stabilized, at Rs. 0.65 per minute. This appears to be higher than the some of its competitors, though, so there is room for further decline. Churn over the last four quarters increased to 41.4%, up from 38.8% the previous quarter. Note that Vodafone reports churn over the last four quarters, instead of reporting churn for the quarter.

Vodafone reported lower net adds for the quarter, up to 6.49 million, as compared to the previous quarter, where the company had reported net adds of 8.2 million. 94.8% of its subscriber base is prepaid.

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Essar Has Put Options To Sell Its 33% Stake For $5 Billion

Vodafone has said that it had “granted put options exercisable between 8 May 2010 and 8 May 2011 to members of the Essar group of companies that, if exercised, would allow the Essar group to sell its 33% shareholding in Vodafone Essar to the Group for US$5 billion or to sell up to US$5 billion worth of Vodafone Essar shares to the Group at an independently appraised fair market value.

Vodafone agreed to adjust the payments that would be made under the fair market value put arrangements with the Essar group, in order to take account of the upfront cost of 3G licences, based on the total price of the licences secured. This amount has been calculated as INR 34 billion (£510 million) and is payable in the event that the Essar group exercises its put option to sell some or all of its Vodafone Essar Limited shares at fair market value provided that the maximum aggregate amount payable shall not exceed US$5 billion. This additional amount is not payable in the event that the Essar group decides to sell its 33% shareholding in Vodafone Essar Limited at the underwritten value of US$5 billion.”

Objective of study :-

To study the comparative analysis of value added services provided by idea cellular ltd and Vodafone.

To check the satisfaction level of costumer regarding the value added services of idea cellular and Vodafone.

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Review of Literature

Following are the son researches have been done earlier

1. DImitri Konstants, Val jons 2007, has analysed that MobiHealth aims at introducing new mobile value added services in the area of healthcare, based on 2.5 (GPRS) and 3G (UMTS) technologies, thus promoting the use and deployment of GPRS and UMTS. This will be achieved by the integration of sensors and actuators to a Wireless Body Area Network (BAN). These sensors and actuators will continuously measure and transmit vital constants ralong with audio and video to health service providers and brokers, improving on one side the life of patients and allowing on the other side the introduction of new value-added services in the areas of disease prevention and diagnostic, remote assistance , para-health services, physical state monitoring (sports) and even clinical research. Furthermore, the MobiHealth BAN system will support the fast and reliable application of remote assistance in case of accidents by allowing the paramedics to send reliable vital constants data as well as audio and video directly from the accident site.

2 . Christer Carlsson, Joanna Carlsson, Kaarina Hyvönen, Jussi Puhakainen, Pirkko Walden ,2006, has studied the future of mobile telephony is expected to rely on mobile services and the use of mobile services will be an integral part of the revenues to be generated

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by third generation mobile telephony. The adoption of new mobile services contradicts this proposition as it has been much slower than expected, especially in Europe. Basic services such as SMS, ring tones, icons and logos are still the most popular services. Several reasons have been suggested for the slow adoption rate, ranging from cultural to business models.

3. Christer Carlsson, Kaarina Hyvönen, Petteri Repo and Pirkko Walden, 2005 has studied The adoption patterns for mobile services are a key challenge for research in mobile technology applications. The early mobile commerce hype was based on search for “killer applications”, i.e. mobile services which would launch the field and ensure rapid and profitable growth of mobile technology applications.

4. MARGHERITA PAGANI , 2004, In this article, he review user information technology acceptance literature, formulate a model of consumer adoption of third generation mobile multimedia services, validate it through a qualitative exploratory study comprising 24 focus groups in six markets, and empirically test the proposed model on the Italian market. The results show that perceived usefulness, ease of use, price, and speed of use are the most important determinants of adoption of multimedia mobile services, in that order. They also show that the importance of determinants differs by age groups or segments. The results can help managers proactively design interventions (such as training and marketing activities) targeted at populations of users that may be less inclined to adopt and use new multimedia mobile services.

5.Michael Amberg, Markus Hirschmeier and Jens Wehrmann, 2004,has studied User acceptance is increasingly regarded as a critical success factor for mobile services. Although several acceptance models exist and help to increase understanding the different influencing factors on user acceptance, they are not suitable to support the development of mobile services.6 Chung-Hwa Herman Rao ,2003 ,,had studied iMobile is a proxy -based platform that addresses the research issues in building mobile services. iMobile acts as a message gateway that allows mobile devices using various protocols on different access networks to relay messages to each other. It also allows these clients to access internet services, corporate databases, and to control various networked devices.

7 M.M. Lankhorst, H.van Kranenburg, A.Salden, and A.J.H. Peddemors, 2002,has studied A major trend in the current information society is personalization, which is considered a key business enabler for mobile services because the mobile device is a personal assistant that offers unique opportunities such as real-time adaptation of services to a dynamic user environment. To offer personalized services in a consistent manner and to speed up the development of such services, we present a Personal Service Environment (PSE) that, besides profile management, provides generic service discovery, content adaptation and service adaptation functionality.

8. Eija Kaasinen, 2002, has studied the Mobile contexts of use vary a lot, and may even be continuously changing during use. The context is much more than location, but its other elements are still difficult to identify or measure. Location information is becoming an integral part of different mobile devices. Current mobile services can be enhanced with

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location-aware features, thus providing the user with a smooth transition towards context-aware services.

9. Antti Aarnio, Aki Enkenberg, Jukka Heikkila and Sanna Hirvola 2002 has analysis of a Finnish survey of 1553 respondents between 9-34 years shows that categories of users differ significantly in their use of Internet and mobile services. The five categories in this subpopulation resemble the adopter categories in diffusion models . The relatedness of the adopter categories to social groups and external sources of influence vary significantly, but seem to follow the predictions of diffusion models.

10. Giulio Iacucci, Kari Kuutti and Mervi Ranta, 2001, had studied the Designing concepts for new mobile services and devices, poses several challenges to the design. They consider user participation as a way to address part of the challenges. They show how our effort relates to current and past research. In particular, PD (Participatory Design) has inspired us in developing two participatory techniques. The two techniques are organized around situations either staged or real where users and designers can envision and enact future scenarios.

Research methodology

1. Sample Size : For conducting the research 150 people in kathua have been surveyed. In the respondent, 100 have been taken as youth and 50 have been taken between age of 35 and more.

2. Research Designa) The research is of descriptive type.b) In the research questionnaire is prepared and filled by the respective respondents. c) In the questionnaire the different kind of scales have been used such as nominal scale,

likert scale. Nominal scale is being used to answer the demographic questions and questions regarding the features of value added services. Likert scale has been used to find out the response of respondents on the different factors of the research.

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d) Under the research, Quota sampling is used because the target population has been divided and fixed a Quota of two. One is youth i.e. respondents whose age between 15 to 35 and the other is 35 and more.

e) Under the descriptive research, it’s conducted on multiple cross sectional basis because the target population is divided into 2 groups one is teenagers and youth and other one is above the age of youth.

3. Data collection Source : Under the research the data has been collected from the target population i.e. respondent of kathua. Data collection is done on primary data and being analyzed for the research purpose. Secondary data is being analyzed and used in making review of literature and other purposes.

4. Population : Under the research, population of kathua city has been taken.

DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATON:Factor analysis

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KMO and Bartlett's Testa

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. .652

Bartlett's Test of Sphericity Approx. Chi-Square 99.331

df 55

Sig. .000

a. Based on correlations

Communalities

Raw Rescaled

Initial Extraction Initial Extraction

. Rate the IDEA Value Added

Service according to its

usability in your day to day

life.(sms)

1.737 1.447 1.000 .833

caller tune 1.292 .909 1.000 .704

big radio .934 .696 1.000 .745

astro world .735 .375 1.000 .510

sports pack .917 .514 1.000 .560

cricket 1.086 .827 1.000 .762

idea music .867 .490 1.000 .565

comedy junction 1.231 .971 1.000 .789

voice chat 1.409 1.042 1.000 .739

live aarti 1.375 1.071 1.000 .779

voice portel 1.273 .951 1.000 .747

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

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Total Variance Explained

Compo

nent

Initial Eigenvaluesa Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings

Total % of Variance Cumulative % Total % of Variance Cumulative %

Raw 1 3.008 23.395 23.395 3.008 23.395 23.395

2 1.949 15.158 38.553 1.949 15.158 38.553

3 1.579 12.282 50.835 1.579 12.282 50.835

4 1.483 11.536 62.371 1.483 11.536 62.371

5 1.275 9.917 72.289 1.275 9.917 72.289

6 1.034 8.043 80.332

7 .791 6.151 86.483

8 .629 4.890 91.373

9 .466 3.628 95.001

10 .393 3.059 98.060

11 .249 1.940 100.000

Rescaled 1 3.008 23.395 23.395 2.183 19.844 19.844

2 1.949 15.158 38.553 1.506 13.695 33.539

3 1.579 12.282 50.835 1.396 12.688 46.227

4 1.483 11.536 62.371 1.449 13.177 59.404

5 1.275 9.917 72.289 1.199 10.902 70.306

6 1.034 8.043 80.332

7 .791 6.151 86.483

8 .629 4.890 91.373

9 .466 3.628 95.001

10 .393 3.059 98.060

11 .249 1.940 100.000

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

a. When analyzing a covariance matrix, the initial eigenvalues are the same across the raw and rescaled solution.

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Factor Analysis

KMO and Bartlett's Test

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. .536

Bartlett's Test of Sphericity Approx. Chi-Square 101.973

df 55

Sig. .000

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Communalities

Initial Extraction

Rate the VODAFONE Value

Added Service according to

its usability in your day to

day life.(vodafone live)

1.000 .625

hello tune 1.000 .768

big radio 1.000 .708

ganesha speak 1.000 .805

sport speak 1.000 .799

cricket 1.000 .657

vodafone music junctio 1.000 .729

comedy junction 1.000 .761

voice chat 1.000 .789

live aarti 1.000 .683

voice portel 1.000 .726

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

Total Variance Explained

Compo

nent

Initial Eigenvalues Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings

Total % of Variance Cumulative % Total % of Variance Cumulative %

1 2.293 20.844 20.844 2.293 20.844 20.844

2 1.960 17.814 38.658 1.960 17.814 38.658

3 1.383 12.571 51.229 1.383 12.571 51.229

4 1.253 11.391 62.620 1.253 11.391 62.620

5 1.162 10.565 73.186 1.162 10.565 73.186

6 .707 6.425 79.611

7 .655 5.951 85.561

8 .497 4.521 90.082

9 .453 4.115 94.197

10 .326 2.965 97.162

11 .312 2.838 100.000

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

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Component Matrixa

Component

1 2 3 4 5

Rate the VODAFONE Value

Added Service according to

its usability in your day to

day life.(vodafone live)

.628 -.169 .242 -.284 .249

hello tune .523 -.403 .467 -.138 .309

big radio .518 -.224 .293 -.030 -.550

ganesha speak .453 .323 .038 .498 -.496

sport speak .327 .761 -.129 .279 .139

cricket .430 .408 -.440 -.005 .335

vodafone music junctio .409 -.210 -.598 -.390 -.084

comedy junction .475 -.544 -.276 .351 -.203

voice chat .385 -.302 -.064 .545 .498

live aarti .214 .523 .597 -.007 .082

voice portel .523 .404 -.117 -.504 -.147

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

a. 5 components extracted.

Limitation of study

1. One of the major drawbacks of the study is that there is no hypothesis analysis during the whole research which could make research biased.

2. The study has been conducted over a sample of respondents of 50 people which are very small as compare to the whole population of Kathua city.

3. Most of the respondents have been taken from youth segment as 2/3 of total number of respondents so it could be unbalance perception of respondents.

4. Statistical techniques like Z test, T test, ANOVAs test haven’t used in the research which could make the research more practical and relevant.

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CONCLUSION:

With this the research come to the conclusion part of the research report. It was a wonderful experience for the working on the topic . Although it was not an easy task collecting information in the competitive market of telecom services. But taking up the challenge itself was very interesting.

• It is clear from the analysis Idea cellular is much better than vodafone telecom due to the survey of kathua according to the customer of Kathua living standard of high people and lower people.

• By the survey I have found that there are many telecom company but and many competitors in market but no anyone defeat the Idea cellular.

.The value added services provided by idea is cheap and better from Vodafone telecom.

• Many activity of Idea cellular as tariff plan, Recharge, there activity customer satisfaction and prove all the best of other telecom.

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RECOMMENDATIONS Idea cellular is the growing and big competitive industries, today in telecommunication sector there are many company, like BSNL, Airtel, Reliance and now Vodafone & TATA has also launched his telecommunication service TATA Indicom, so, Idea has to face manycompetition in the market in the case of sales promotion activities in telecom with special reference to Idea cellular, so, Idea has improve thee tower in the Rural area also I want to recommended to Idea cellular to established there tower as fast as they can doso, Idea cellular is a big and stable company so they have to improve themselves as a good telecom service provider.PROMOTIONAnother one of the 4P's is 'promotion'. This includes all of the tools available to the marketer for 'marketing communication'. As with Neil H.Borden's marketing mix, marketing communications has its own 'promotions mix.' Think of it like a cake mix, the basicingredients are always the same. However if you vary the amounts of one of the ingredients, the final outcome is different. It is the same with promotions. You can 'integrate' different aspects of the promotions mix to deliver a unique campaign. The elements of thepromotions mix are:

Personal Selling Sales Promotion Public Relations Direct Mail Trade Fairs and Exhibitions Advertising Sponsorship

The elements of the promotions mix are integrated to form a coherent campaign. As with all forms of communication. The message from the marketer follows the 'communications process' as illustrated above. For example, a radio advert is made for a car manufacturer. The car manufacturer (sender) pays for a specific advert with contains a message specific to a target audience (encoding). It is transmitted during a set of commercials from a radio station (Message / media). The message is decoded by a car radio (decoding) and the target

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consumer interprets the message (receiver). He or she might visit a dealership or seek further information from a web site (Response). The consumer might buy a car or express an interest or dislike (feedback). This information will inform future elements of an integrated promotional campaign. Perhaps a direct mail campaign would push the consumer to the point of purchase. Noise represent the thousand of marketing communications that a consumer is exposed to everyday, all competing for attention.The Promotion MixLet us look at the individual components of the promotions mix in more detail. Remember all of the elements are 'integrated' to form a specificcommunications campaign.1. Personal SellingPersonal Selling is an effective way to manage personal customer relationships. The sales person acts on behalf of the organization. They tend to be well trained in the approaches and techniques of personal selling. However sales people are very expensive and should only be used where there is a genuine return on investment. For example salesmen are often used to sell cars or home improvements where the margin is high.2. Sales PromotionSales promotion tend to be thought of as being all promotions apart from advertising, personal selling, and public relations. For example the BOGOF promotion, or Buy One Get One Free. Others include couponing, money-off promotions, competitions, free accessories (such as free blades with a new razor), introductory offers (such as buy digital TV and get free installation), and so on. Each sales promotion should be carefully costed and compared with the next best alternative.3. Public Relations (PR)Public Relations is defined as 'the deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organization and its publics' (Institute of Public Relations). It is relatively cheap, but certainly not cheap. Successful strategies tend to be long-term and plan for all eventualities. All airlines exploit PR; just watch what happens when there is a disaster. The pre-planned PR machine clicks in very quickly with a very effective rehearsed plan.4. Direct MailDirect mail is very highly focussed upon targeting consumers based upon a database. As with all marketing, the potential consumer is 'defined' based upon a series of attributes and similarities. Creative agencies work with marketers to design a highly focussed communication in the form of a mailing. The mail is sent out to the potential consumers and responses are carefully monitored. For example, if you are marketing medical text books, you would use a database of doctors' surgeries as the basis of your mail shot.5. Trade Fairs and ExhibitionsSuch approaches are very good for making new contacts and renewing old ones. Companies will seldom sell much at such events. The purpose is to increase awareness and to encourage trial. They offer the opportunity for companies to meet with both the trade and the consumer. Expo has recently finish in Germany with the next one planned for Japan in 2005, despite a recent decline in interest in such events.6. AdvertisingAdvertising is a 'paid for' communication. It is used to develop attitudes, create awareness, and transmit information in order to gain a response from the target market. There are many advertising 'media' such as newspapers (local, national, free, trade), magazines and journals, television (local, national, terrestrial, satellite) cinema, outdoor advertising (such as posters,bus sides).7. Sponsorship

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Sponsorship is where an organization pays to be associated with a particular event, cause or image. Companies will sponsor sports events such as the Olympics or Formula One. The attributes of the event are then associated with the sponsoring organization. The elements of the promotional mix are then integrated to form a unique, but coherent campaign.

Annexure:

GRAPHSInterpretation:

Q1 gender?

Interpretation

1) In the given pie chart the total population of 50 is divided into female and male respondents.

The chart shows that there is 24.4% population is of female and 75.51% is male.

Q2 Income?

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Interpretation

1) In the given pie chart the income of respondents are divided into four heads i.e. 0-5000, 5000-

10000, 10000-20000 and 20000-25000,more than 25000.

2) The major part of population is of 0-5000 that means major portion of respondents are youth which covers probably 24% of the total puplation.

Q3 Age?

Interpretation

1) Under this pie chart the respondents are divided according to their age.

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2) The major portion of the population is covered by 20-23 yrs group of population. That means most of the youth and teen agers are the respondents of the research

Q4 Ocupation?

Interpretation

1) The pie chart shows the occupation of the respondents.2) Most of respondents are business man in the research, covering 70% area.

Q 5 What is your monthly spending on your mobile bill?

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Interpretation

1) The pie chart shows the monthly spending of the respondents in mobile bill2) Most of respondents are spend their money in their mobile. The respondent spend Rs100-200

per month in their mobile bill.

Q6 Of this bill amount, how much money is spent on value added services?

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Interpretation

1) The pie chart shows the monthly spending of the respondents in value added services2) Most of respondents are spend their money in value added services. The respondent spend

48% per month in their mobile services..

Q7. How aware are you about the existence of value added services like news, railway, astrology, cricket, ring tones etc?

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Q8. How often do you use the ‘IDEA’ or ‘Vodafone FLASH!’ service ?

Interpretation

1) The pie chart shows the idea or Vodafone flash services use by the respondents .2) Most of respondents are use the value added services occasionally i.e when the need arises.

Their is 80% of the population use value added services provided by idea and Vodafone occasionally.

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Q9. Are you satisfied with the current Vodafone plans and service?

Interpretation

1) The pie chart shows the percentage of respondent who are satisfied by the value added services provided by Vodfone.

2) Their is 62% of respondent are satisfy by the Vodafone services.

Q10 . Are you satisfied with the current idea plans and service?

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Interpretation

1) The pie chart shows the percentage of respondent who are satisfied by the value added services provided by idea cellular..

2) Their is 72% of respondent are satisfy by the idea cellular services.

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Questionnaire

I Gaurab sharma, conducting a survey regarding a comparative analyses of value added services provided by idea cellular and Vodafone telecom. Please help me to fill the questionnaire all the information provided by you will be confidential.

Name...............................................................

Q 1. What is your gender?

a.Male □ b.female □

Q 2. What is your income?

a.0-5000 □ b. 5000-10000 □ c.10000-20000 □ d.20000-25000 □ e. More than 25000 □

Q 3. What is your age?

a.10yrs-20yrs □ b.20yrs-30yrs □ c.30yrs-40yrs □

d.40yrs and more □

Q 4. What is your occupation?

a.Student □ b.business □ c.servicemen □ d.housewife □

Q 5. What is your monthly spending on your mobile bills?

a. 100-200 b. 200-300 c. 300-400 d. 400-500

Q6. Of this bill amount, how much money is spent on value added services?

a. 20 -30% b. 30-50% c. 50-70% d more than 70%

Q7. How aware are you about the existence of value added services like news, railway, astrology, cricket, ring tones etc?

a. Have seen the promos and know the intricacies of these servicesb. Have seen the promos but really not sure about the service details.c. Haven’t seen or heard of these

Q8. Do you regularly use value added services like cricket, astrology, railway, games and news?

a.Use all quite regularlyb. Use 1-2 of these intensivelyc. Not really interested in using these

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Q9. Rate the IDEA Value Added Service according to its usability in your day to day life. (1-mean least usability in day to day life; 5- means high usability in day to day life)

1 2 3 4 5

SMS

CALLER

TUNE

BIG RADIO

ASTRO

WORLD

SPORTS

PACK

CRICKET

IDEA

MUSIC

COMEDY

JUNCTION

VOICE

CHAT

LIVE ARTI

VOICE

PORTAL

Q10. Rate the VODAFONE Value Added Service according to its usability in your day to

day life. (1-mean least usability in day to day life; 5- means high usability in day to day life)

1 2 3 4 5

VODAFONE

LIVE

HELLO

TUNE

BIG RADIO

GANESHA

SPEAKS

SPORTS

PACK

CRICKET

VODAFONE

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MUSIC

JUNCTION

COMEDY

JUNCTION

VOICE

CHAT

LIVE ARTI

VOICE

PORTAL

Q11. How often do you use the ‘IDEA’ or ‘Vodafone FLASH!’ service ?

a. Occasionally, when the need arisesb. Don’t know much about itc. Don’t intend to use itd. Use it every day on a regular basis

Q12. Are you satisfied with the current Vodafone plans and service?

a.Yes b. No c. Can’t say

Q13 . Are you satisfied with the current idea plans and service?

a.Yes b. No c. Can’t say

Thankyou

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Bibliography

1 Dimitri Konstantas, Val Jones, 2007, MobiHealth –innovative 2.5 / 3G mobile services and applications for healthcare publish online University of Twente Center for Telematics and Information Technology – APS 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlandemail: [email protected]

2 Christer Carlsson,Joanna Carlsson, Kaarina Hyvönen, Jussi Puhakainen, Pirkko Walden,2006, Adoption of Mobile Devices/Services – Searching for Answers with the UTAUT publish by Proceedings of the 39th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences – 2006.e-mail, [email protected] ,

3 Christer Carlsson*, Kaarina Hyvönen+, Petteri Repo+ and Pirkko Walden*,2005, Asynchronous Adoption Patterns of Mobile Services,publish by *IAMSR/Abo Akademi University and +National Consumer Research Centre[christer.carlsson, pirkko.walden]@abo.fi, [kaarina.hyvonen, petteri.repo]@ncrc.fi

4 . MARGHERITA PAGANI ,2004,DETERMINANTS OF ADOPTION OF THIRD GENERATION MOBILEMULTIMEDIA SERVICES publish by JOURNAL OF INTERACTIVE MARKETING VOLUME 18 / NUMBER 3 / SUMMER 2004Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/dir.20011

5. Michael Amberg, Markus Hirschmeier and Jens Wehrmann*,2004, The Compass Acceptance Model for the analysis and evaluation of mobile services.published in Int. J. Mobile Communications, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2004

6 . M.M. Lankhorst, H. van Kranenburg, A. Salden, and A.J.H. Peddemors,2002, Enabling Technology for Personalizing Mobile Services. Published in the Proceedings of the Hawai’i International Conference on System Sciences, January 7–10, 2002, Big Island, Hawaii.

7 Eija Kaasinen,2002 User needs for location-aware mobile services published in Springer-Verlag London Limited 2002.

8 Antti Aarnio, Aki Enkenberg, Jukka Heikkilä and Sanna Hirvola,2002, Adoption and Use of Mobile Services, Proceedings of the 35th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences – 2002

9 Giulio Iacucci, Kari Kuutti and Mervi Ranta,2001, On the Move with a Magic Thing: Role Playing in Concept Design of Mobile Services and Devices.

10 Chung-Hwa Herman Rao ,2003 , iMobile: A Proxy-Based Platform for Mobile Services, America Online, Inc. AOL Instant Messenger,http://www.aol.com/aim .

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