Quadricycle - LegislationEuropean categories of four-wheeled microcars defined by limitations in terms of weight, power and speed (EC Directive 2002/24/EC)Can be driven without a full driver’s licence, and in some countries without any license at all (vehicules sans permis)

Project BriefDesign a quadricycle defined by legislation for a set target user group showing opportunities in package, ergonomics and technology.

Quadricycle - OpportunityThis gives an opportunity for vehicle manufacturers to fill the 16 to 18 year olds market and also the elderly that cannot pass the drivers test.

Light quadricycles (L6e) RegulationsUnladen mass should not be more than 350 kg, not including batteries in electric vehicles.maximum continuous rated power does not exceed 4 kW for electric vehicles.These vehicles should fulfill the technical requirements applicable to three-wheel mopeds.

Heavy quadricycles (L7e) Regulationsunladen mass should not be more than 400 kg, not including batteries in electric vehicles. with a design payload not more than 200 kg (passenger)The maximum net engine power does not exceed 15 kW.

Easy egress and ingressrear space for shoppinggrandchildrengood visibilityeasy parkingeconomicalcomfortable

good visibilityeasy parkingcomfortable economicalrear space fun factormusicappealfriendstech friendlyLicense exempt

tax exempteasy parking

easy recharge/refuel congestion exempt

rear space urban styling

musicfreedom

laptops/ files spacetech friendly

shopping

PAUL KUTTUKARAN JOHN

A COMBINATION OF COMMON REQUIREMENTS COMBINED WITH LEGISLATION IS TAKEN FORWARD

Household charger plugInverter

On-board Charger

Quick charger plug

Electric Motor

Lithium-ion battery system

BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLE HYDROGEN FUEL CELL VEHICLEForBattery electric vehicles have less components.They do not require a heavy hydrogen fuel tank or fuel cell.There is less conversion of energy from one medium to another.Since battery weight is not included in quadricycle norms, it proves ideal.

AgainstLong recharge time reduces range

ForHydrogen fuel cell vehicles provide long range capabilities.Refueling of hydrogen can eventually use existing fueling infrastructure.

Againstdevelopment and infrastructure are not yet in place.Hydrogen tank and fuel cell increase overall weight of car and do not prove ideal for a quadricycle.

BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLE LAYOUT CHOSEN FOR ITS ADVANTAGES TO QUADRICYCLES.

Ultracapacitors

Power Control UnitFuel cell system

radiator

Electric Motor

Pwertrain Radiator

Fuel cell system box

Fuel cell stackHydrogen Tank

PAUL KUTTUKARAN JOHN

prossafetygood visibilityeasy parkingcar sharing

proseconomicalcomfortableEasy egress and ingressrear space for children

consunderpoweredunsafeugly looks

Reva / G-Wiz

Renault Twizy

conssecurityrain/dust2 seater

PAUL KUTTUKARAN JOHN

PAUL KUTTUKARAN JOHN

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTS DESIGN RESPONSIBILITY

Carbon footprintrecyclable materialscheap materials.Less use of sustainable fuel typespossible use of renewable energy through solar panels, wind turbines, wave energy.

Emotional designCutting Co2Saving moneyDriving powerpeace and quietcharge convenience.

PAUL KUTTUKARAN JOHN

MATERIALS AND FINISH

MANUFACTURING CONSTRAINTS

plasticsinterior panels and seats practical and cheap. sunroof (opt. solar panel)charging cord that unwinds and goes back in after use.

Key wordsBody, Structure, Aluminum, Lightweight, Space frameLow volume production, practical and cheap. Aluminium space frame - enhances the performance, safety and results in a better fuel economy because of it's characteristic low weight and higher rigidity compared to conventional steel frames and monocoques It also has relatively low tooling costs.

VOLUME OF PRODUCTION

For a vehicle with these specifications, a target of 3,000 to 5,000 vehicles is targeted on basis of other benchmarked vehicle sales, such as twizy and Reva.

PAUL KUTTUKARAN JOHN

2 PASSENGERS

Forkeep weight lowsimple constructioneasy parkingeconomicallikely to have more range

AgainstDoes not meet selected user requirements of capacity.width not reduced.height heavy.elderly user requirements of grandchildren and youth requirements of friends not met.

3 PASSENGERS(1 ADULT + 2 CHILDREN)

ForReduction in width and length.seating for grandchildren of up to 8 years of age.easy egress and ingress.

AgainstUrban user couple will not be able to use it.Young 16 year olds may not find seating arrangement appealing for a date.

2 PASSENGERS(TANDEM)

ForReduction in width allows for easy parking.driving thru traffic becomes easier.allows for less drag.

Againstcapacity not suitable for chosen users.difficulty for passenger to operate controls if any.communication.battery and spare wheel packaging constraints.

4 PASSENGERS(2 ADULTS + 2 CHILDREN)

Forrear space for shopping, friends and children below the age of 8.suitable space for batteries and spare tire below rear seat.

Againstincrease in weight.packaging constraints.

4 PASSENGER LAYOUT CHOSEN FOR ITS ADVANTAGES TO THE CHOSEN USERS.

PAUL KUTTUKARAN JOHN

PAUL KUTTUKARAN JOHN

PAUL KUTTUKARAN JOHN

PAUL KUTTUKARAN JOHN

Crumple Zones

PAUL KUTTUKARAN JOHN

References:

Elderly http://crimsonartphotography.com/storybooks-flowers-and-grandparents/

Youth http://www.cedaridge.net/therapeutic-boarding-schools-troubled-teens-in-indiana.html

Urban Dwellers http://storify.com/hkmomo/peter-petraeus-and-paula-broadwell

electric carhttp://katiemorrill123.blogspot.co.uk/

hydrogen carhttp://hho-hydrogen-energy.com/html/abouthydrogen.html THANK YOU.