project interim report -...

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Project Interim Report

Hydrological and ecological impact of mining in and around

Mahan River

Sponsor

South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL)

Bilaspur, Chhatisgarh-495006

CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute

Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440020

July 21, 2017

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1.0 Origin of the Proposal and Problem Definition:

South Eastern Coalfields Limited has several coal mines in the area of Mahan River Valley.

The coal mining activity leads to several interferences with surface and sub-surface water

resources such as removal of mine water, disposal/use of mine water, storage of

storm/rainwater into the abandon mines etc. Therefore it would be required to undertake a

study for assessment of surface and sub-surface water regime in the coal mine project areas.

The impact of the mining activity on the ground and surface water may reach beyond the

mine activity area. However, the scope of the present study is restricted to study of water

regime in the sub-watershed surrounding the working minesand proposed mines of SECL in

Mahan River Valley.

The report details the present status of the work wherein the data received from the SECL are

mentioned. Besides, the primary data collected during the field visit are also presented.

2.0 Objectives of the Study

Preparation of study area maps with details of mine locations and drainage pattern.

Assessment of hydrogeological characteristics of the study area to establish the depth

to water (DTW) table and ground water development potential and current status of

GW development.

Assessment of impact of dewatering of mines on the water levels of the surrounding

wells or other water bodies, particularly the effects during summer season.

Impact assessment of seepage on water levels of the surrounding wells.

Analysis of river flow data for past ten years at various gauge stations in the study

area.

Analysis of water quality data for past ten years at various monitoring stations in the

study area.

Remote sensing images analysis of river catchment area to delineate spatial-temporal

variation in past ten years.

Water quality modelling to assess the impact of significant pollution parameter in the

river (provided river hydrodynamics, river width, depth profile and velocity/flow is

available).

Study on the effect of pumping out of the water from mines in terms of the ground

water levels and any pollution causing to surface/subsurface water bodies w.r.t to

quality of water pumped out from mines.

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Comparison of hydro-chemical aspects and water quality parameters for mine-water,

surface well water and borewell water in the study area.

Estimating the water budget of the mine area including drought patterns, annual flows

in the rivers and streams, water quality, existing water wells etc, through available

records. The proposed water management planning to be delineated.

Environmental base line to be established with respect to current period.

3.0 Scope of the project:

The entire study will be restricted to sub-watershedof Mahan River valley

The study by CSIR-NEERI will be based on secondary data

Any primary data collected in addition to the available secondary data is not

included in the scope of the study and will be generated separately by SECL if

required.

4.0 Study area

The study area is covered in the Survey of India toposheet No 64 M/3 (scale 1:50,000).

The study area has total existing 7 active mines namely Mahan (OCM), Mahan-II (OCM),

Bhatgaon (UG), Mahamaya (UG), Kalyani (UG), Shiwani (UG) and Nawapara (UG)

mines. There is one discontinued mine name Dugga (OCM). There are four proposed

mines in the area namely Jagarnathpur (OCM), Madannagar (OCM), Budauli (UG),

Amba (UG). Figure 1. Show the study area with existing, proposed and discontinued

mines. A reconnaissance of the area was undertaken and accordingly, two

microwatershed were delineated with covered the mines. One microwatershed covering

the Mahan-II is spread over an area of 77 sq km (Figure 2) whereas the microwatershed

coveringBhatgaon Underground Mine is spread over 102Sq km (Figure 3).

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Figure 1: Study area

5.0 Project progress till date

The work order reference no SECL/GM/BHAT/NO (Envt)/2017/155 has been receipt on

March 31, 2017(Annexure-1 enclosed herewith). In view of this, CSIR-NEERI has initiated

the work which include following:

1. Meeting with SECL delegate on June 12, 2017 to discussion about methodology and

data required for the study.

2. It was discussed that the study area has 7 active mines and four proposed mines.

CSIR-NEERI has to study the impact of existing mines on ground and surface water

of Mahan River.

3. Data required for the study are listed as below:

Total mining cluster in the study area.

Mine wise dewatering/discharge monthly data

Piezometer seasonal data

River discharge, width, depth data for last 10 years

Water sampling station details , frequency of data

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Population of villages and dependence of villager on ground water

Latest wildlife conservation report and fishery data for ecological impact

assessment.

Bore-well locations in the study area

CMPDI water quality historical data (surface and ground water quality)

4. SECL has provided Topo sheet (1:50000) scale and Site Plan of the study area to

CSIR-NEERI

6.0 Action taken

1. CSIR-NEERI has provided template for collection of above mentioned data.

2. SECL has provided GIS data, Groundwater data (partially), Surface water data (not

provided till data) and Ecological data (not provided till data).

3. One the bases of data provided and preliminary analysis of data, site visit to SECL has

been done from July 15-17th

, 2017.

4. Based on data provided by SECL and site visit observations, interim report has been

prepared.

5. Reconnaissance visit was undertaken by CSIR-NEERI to the SECL mine areas. The

locations of the existing and proposed projects were visited. Based on the location of

the mines and the drainage pattern, study areas on the watershed principle were

delineated. Based on the delineated study area, sampling locations for groundwater

level monitoring and groundwater sampling were selected.

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6.1. GIS Data Analysis and Mapping

SECL has provided Toposheet, Siteplan and Village details in the study area. However,

Toposheet and Village maps do not cover all the mines. Hence further information is

requested from SECL. The toposheet, siteplan and village map are geo-referenced and

overlayed on study area.

Gaps in Groundwater Data

Toposheet no64 I/15, 64 M/7, and 64 M/4 are required to delineate watershed boundary.

Details of villages around all coal mines in the study area

6.2. Groundwater Data Analysis

CSIR-NEERI has provided data template to SECL on June 19, 2017 for hydrological analysis

of ground water in the study area. The data required for groundwater analysis is A. Survey of

India topo sheet no B. Metrological Parameters (Since last five years) C. Village Background

Data for groundwater budgeting / social impact study and D. Water requirement (per day) of

major water consuming industries in the study area.

In respond to this, SECL has provide B & C data for 54 villages namely jagannathpur,

dharampur , madannagar, manpur, chaura, pakni, bagda, koteya, bojha, jingadodar, silphili,

marhata, chatarpur,chandrapur, khadgawankala, palma, songara, markadand, duppi, karsi,

tukudand, ganeshpur, daldali, singhra, madidand, mayapur, kerta , kapsara, jarhi, durti,

dugga, dumariya, bhatgaon, baraudhi, banshipur, karondha , tulsi,

batara,sattipara,anrokha,chungari,lakshmipur,chikni,sirsi,bundiya,sudamanagar,shyampur,sin

gri,dawankara,kewara, parvatipur, paldha, ohanpur, sukhdeopur.

Based on the reconnaissance visit, the study area consists of two microwatershed for the

purpose of analysing the groundwater analysis. A network of observation wells has been set

up (Tables 1 and Tables 2). The observations wells are mostly the Indian Mark-II hand

pumps. Groundwater samples were collected for physico-chemical parameters and heavy

metal analysis and are being analysed.

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Figure 1: Microwatershed covering the existing Mahan II mine and proposed mines at

Jaganannath Pur and Madanpur

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Figure 2: Microwatershed covering the existing Bhatgaon, Mahan I Mines

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Table 1: Observation well network in the Microwatershed covering the existing Mahan II

mine and proposed mines at Jaganannath Pur and Madanpur

Table 2 : Observation well network Microwatershed covering the existing Bhatgaon, Mahan I

Mines

Sample

Code Source Latitude Longitude DTW MP BGL

Location Description

MG-1 HP

N

23⁰22'19.4"

E

83⁰13'40.5" 9.40 0.8 8.6

LHS of the road

towards Rajpur,

Chaura Village

MG-2 HP

N

23⁰23'21.6"

E

83⁰14'24.8" 11.83 0.52 11.31

LHS of the road

towards Rajpur,

Duppi Village

MG-3 HP

N

23⁰23'38.1"

E

83⁰12'19.8" 19.53 0.51 19.02

LHS of the road

towards Dharampur,

Madannagar Village

MG-8 HP

N

23⁰22'9.9"

E

83⁰11'26.3" 21.99 0.7 21.29

LHS of the road from

Pratappur to

Ambikapur, near

Mahan-II mine

MG-9 HP

N

23⁰20'29.1"

E

83⁰11'24.1" 13.92 0.8 13.12

RHS of the road, in

the school premises,

Kerata village

MG-10 HP

N

23⁰20'40.8"

E

83⁰12'11.7" 21.92 0.6 21.32

LHS of the road from

Parampur to

Panchidand

MG-11 HP

N

23⁰20'54.2"

E

83⁰13'19.6" 18.88 0.55 18.33

RHS of the road from

Kerta to Rajpur,

infront of the primary

school, Pakhnapara

MG-12 BW

N

23⁰21'38.5"

E

83⁰13'28.1" - - -

Bore well in Mahan-II

mine, confined

aquifer

MS-2

N

23⁰21'45.2"

E

83⁰13'29.6" - - -

Surface water sample

from Mahan-II mine

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The groundwater level measurement was done in the wells using the water level recorder

(Make:Solinst, Figure 3). The water level varied from 8.36m to 29.77m. The variation of

water level can be attributed to the withdrawal pattern in the study area as it is observed that

the area has significant no of borewells installed by the villager for meeting the drinking and

domestic requirements as well.

At present, the existing mines have dewatering schemes in place wherein the water is being

used for dousing the coal fire, use in dust suppression and supply to the colonies for meeting

the domestic requirements. It was observed that borewells (5 nos) have been installed in the

Mahan II (OCM). The water from these wells (Figure 4) is being used for dousing the coal

fire.

MG-4 HP

N

23⁰20'58.7"

E

82⁰59'51.2" 10.41 0.52 9.89

LHS of the road

towards market

from Bhatgaon

guest house

MG-5 HP

N

23⁰23'02.1"

E

82⁰59'59.1" 23.54 0.5 23.04

Centre of the

Adarshnagar

village, Dugga

(1.5 to 2 kms

from mine)

MG-6 HP

N

23⁰23'38.0" E 83⁰01'8.3" 8.80 0.44 8.36

RHS of the road,

Kapsara village

chowk

MG-7 HP

N

23⁰21'31.3"

E

83⁰03'09.3" 30.23 0.46 29.77

LHS of the road

from Jarhi to

Ambikapur,

Beside temple

MG-13 MW

N

23⁰20'59.1"

E

83⁰04'28.2" - - -

Mine water from

Shivani

underground

mine

MG-14 DW

N

23⁰22'41.4"

E

83⁰02'10.5" 1.50 0 1.50

Dug well in

Kapsara village

which is opposite

to Mahamaya

underground

mine

MS-1 SW

N

23⁰21'26.3"

E

83⁰05'15.0" - - -

Bank of the

Mahan River,

near bride

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The stage development of the study area is being attempted on the basis of primary data

collected in the field and the available secondary data provided by the SECL.

Figure 3: Water level measurement in Mark Hand Pump in the study area

Figure 4: Borewell in Mahan II

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Gaps in Groundwater data:

The following data are to be provided by SECL:

Dewatering data from all the working mines in the study area. The amount of dewatered

water and their usage pattern and disposal need to be provided.

6.3. Surface water data

CSIR-NEERI has provided data template to SECL on July 3, 2017 for hydrological analysis

of surface water in the study area. The data required for surface water quality includes: A.

Surface Water Quality 10 years data for Mahan River: details of sampling locations and

frequency of measurements for different parameters B. Parameter wise details of water

quality in Mahan River (DO & BOD), C. River width, depth, peak flow etc. D. Wastewater

Discharges in Mahan River E. Socio-economic data.

Gaps in surface water data

The none availability of river hydrodynamics and water quality data at various station in

river basin. SECL has not provided any data for surface water quality analysis. For surface

water quality analysis and hydrodynamicsmodelling , surface water quality data in required

A, B, C, D and E format are essential.

6.4. Ecological Data

For ecological impact assessment wildlife conservation report and fishery data are required.

But till date SECL has not provided the data.

Gaps in Ecological Data

1. Forest Management Plan (Singrauli) previous and recent one

2. Wildlife Management Plan for Elephants and wildlife census reports for last few decades

3. Crop depredation and human accidents due to man animal conflicts for last few decades

3. Fisheries yield over last one decade and related report from fisheries department

4. EIA reports available for respective mines falling in the study area

5. Forest Range Maps

7.0 Future action plan

The stage development of the Groundwater in the each delineated watershed will be

estimated.

Analysis of dewatering vis-à-vis the groundwater conditions in the surrounding wells

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