project management beginning

8/7/2019 Project Management Beginning

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Project Management


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On the value of Project Management...

Trying to manage a project without

project management is like trying toplay a football game without a game

plan.

K. Tate (Past Board Member, PMI)


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Project Definition

A temporary endeavor undertaken to create

a unique product, service, or result

(PMBOK Guide, Third Edition, 2004, p. 5)


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Project

It is an organized undertaking intended to

produce a specific outcome subject to

limitations of

People, Time and Money


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Project Management

The application of knowledge, skills, tools

and techniques to project activities to meet

project requirements

(PMBOK Guide, Third Edition, 2004, p. 8)


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Basic Elements Of PM

Managing resources

Maintaining a schedule

Coordinating different groups

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Why PM?

Better control of financial, physical, and humanresources

Improved customer relations

Shorter development times Lower costs

Higher quality and increased reliability

Higher profit margins

Improved productivity

Better internal coordination

Higher worker morale (less stress)


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HISTORYOf Project Management


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Early Projects

Early construction projects included

The Great Pyramids (2,550 B.C.)

TheG

reatW

all of China (221 B.C. - 206 B.C.)Cities

Medieval cathedrals

Waging wars

Building empires


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Early 19th Century

Commerce grew-became complex

Project management seen in transportation tomanufacturing

Large scale government projects caused largescale management decisions


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Early 19th Century

Transcontinental railroad (early 1870s)

First large scale project management

Officially started after President Lincoln signed the

Pacific Railroad Act Authorized to build a railway and a telegraph line

Granted funding and land by Government

Project plan made by Theodore D. Judahs


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Late 19th century

US economic boom

Business leaders of the American industrial

revolution faced with task of organizing laborin manufacturing and assembly


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Modern Project Management

Construction

Engineering

Defense


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Henry Gantt 1900-1950

Forefather of project management

In 1917, developed Gantt chart as a tool for

scheduling work in factories


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Gantt Chart

It is a standard format for displaying project

schedule information by listing projects

activities and their corresponding start and

finish dates in a calendar format.


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Gantt Chart

a,b.c etc represent task names e.g R&D, construction


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Frederic Taylor 1900-1950

The father of scientific management.

Applied scientific reasoning to work

Work breakdown

Piecemeal work


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1950 And Beyond

Ad-hoc project management

Gantt charts and other informal techniques

were used Early 1950s modern project management


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1950 and beyond - PERT

Developed by Booz Allen Hamilton as part ofthe US Navys Polaris missile submarine

program.

Program Evaluation Review Technique orPERT

Analyzes the tasks

Identifies

Minimum amount of time

Mathematical scheduling methods were

developed.

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1950 and beyond - CPM

Critical Path Method developed by DuPontCorporation and Remington Rand

Corporation for plant maintenance and

management projects Algorithm for scheduling project activities.

A CPM diagram based on the following project

elements: List of all activities required for project

Length of time for each activity

Dependencies between the activities.20


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CPM


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1950 and beyond - IPMA

International Project Management Association(IPMA) was founded in Europe in 1967

Federation of several national project management

associations. Includes member associations on every continent

Antarctica.

Offers a Four Level Certification program based on

theIPMA Competence Baseline (

ICB).

ICB covers technical competences, contextualcompetences, and behavioral competences.


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1950 and beyond - PMI

Project Management Institute (PMI) wasformed in the USA in 1969

PMI publishes A Guide to the Project

Management Body ofKnowledge (PMBOKGuide)

PMBOK describes project management

practices that are common to "most projects,most of the time."PMI also offers multiplecertifications.


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1950 and Beyond

Five Founders of PMI

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E. A. Ned EngmanJ. Gordon Davis, PhDJ. Gordon Davis, PhD Susan Gallagher

James R. SnyderEric Jenett


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1950 And Beyond - AAPM

AAPM American Academy of Project

ManagementInternational Board of Standards in1996

The first to institute post-graduate certifications

like MPM, PME, CEC and CIPM

Issues the post-graduate standards body of

knowledge for executives.

NOTE: abbreviations in notes


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1950 a ey - F. Warre

cFarlaF. Warre cFarla

I f rmati tech l gy pr ject selecti

Risk-base


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Pr ject a age e t Offices

(PM

O)I the 1990s, a y c pa ies created projectmanagement offices (PMO) t help the

ha dle the i creasi g u ber a d c plexity

f pr jects thr ugh ut a rga izati


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THE ENDTHE END

project management beginning

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