PROJECT MANAGEMENT

DOKUZ EYLÜL UNIVERSITY Industrial Engineering

TUBA ALKAN 2010503006

WHAT IS THE PROJECT?WHAT IS THE PROJECT? Human and nonhuman resources to Human and nonhuman resources to

achieve a goal within a specific time achieve a goal within a specific time limit within an organization were limit within an organization were brought together, at the end of the brought together, at the end of the project to other locations are project to other locations are allocated for this specific process.allocated for this specific process.

By today's well-being of all industrial By today's well-being of all industrial production equipment, buildings, all production equipment, buildings, all finished products, everything we see finished products, everything we see around us in various projects, around us in various projects, products.products.

The purpose of a project to provide a The purpose of a project to provide a benefit, and a need to resolve a benefit, and a need to resolve a problem is to find a solution.problem is to find a solution.

Since the dawn of history, several Since the dawn of history, several projects were performed in the projects were performed in the protection of their information and protection of their information and very few in number due to the large-very few in number due to the large-scale projects, projects, time, cost scale projects, projects, time, cost and performance constraints in the and performance constraints in the "successful" to wrap up after World "successful" to wrap up after World War II but has been aimed at the War II but has been aimed at the development of the discipline of development of the discipline of Project Management. In particular Project Management. In particular CPM, PERT Project Management, CPM, PERT Project Management, development of methods of development of methods of increased efficiency.increased efficiency.

Various types of projects were Various types of projects were carried out since the dawn of carried out since the dawn of history. Examples of these history. Examples of these irrigation canals and pyramids irrigation canals and pyramids of Egypt can be shownof Egypt can be shown..

What is CPM and PERT?What is CPM and PERT?

CPM(CRITICAL PATH METHOD)CPM(CRITICAL PATH METHOD) CPM programs in engineering CPM programs in engineering

construction, planning and construction, planning and coordination of research coordination of research activities that require a plan activities that require a plan provide benefits for the provide benefits for the priceless value.priceless value.

CPM technique in the late 1950, CPM technique in the late 1950, du Pont has been developed by du Pont has been developed by researchers in companies and researchers in companies and Sperry RandSperry Rand..

WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF CPMWHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF CPM PProject is necessary to show the roject is necessary to show the

relationships to each other in terms of relationships to each other in terms of activities is mandatory. Other planning activities is mandatory. Other planning techniques not seen in this situation.techniques not seen in this situation.

The schematic drawing of possible actions The schematic drawing of possible actions to be forgottento be forgotten..

Critical activities indicate Critical activities indicate that that no delay no delay occurs in these activities and occurs in these activities and to to reduce reduce the time needed to complete the project the time needed to complete the project indicates that these activities indicates that these activities need need more more labor.labor.

Also do not rush to leave the labor force Also do not rush to leave the labor force and financing activities prematurely.and financing activities prematurely.

WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF CPMCPM??

**What is the shortest time to project What is the shortest time to project completion? completion?

**What is the earliest time of each What is the earliest time of each activity can start?activity can start?

*For f*For finishing of the project activities inishing of the project activities which are critical in the diagram ?which are critical in the diagram ?

** Schema, which is critical in the Schema, which is critical in the completion of the project activities ?completion of the project activities ?

**Most non-critical activities to be Most non-critical activities to be provided without delay to the project provided without delay to the project is delayed?is delayed?

CPM method is used in CPM method is used in some areas are as follows:some areas are as follows:

Swimming pools, office buildings Swimming pools, office buildings or construction projects such as or construction projects such as highways in making schedulehighways in making schedule..

Space flights, the countdown for Space flights, the countdown for the launch activities and the the launch activities and the development of similar development of similar proceduresprocedures..

The establishment of a new The establishment of a new computer systemcomputer system..

Completion of a corporate mergerCompletion of a corporate merger.. One of the ship to be builtOne of the ship to be built..

Industry, providing analysis of complexIndustry, providing analysis of complex projects, implementation plans, networked projects, implementation plans, networked planning procedure.planning procedure.

1958 by the American naval forces 1958 by the American naval forces ““PolarisPolaris”” missiles posed for the realization missiles posed for the realization of this procedure, the network has been of this procedure, the network has been established on the basis of the shape of a established on the basis of the shape of a project to investigate critical aspects. project to investigate critical aspects.

In this method, the progress of a project In this method, the progress of a project being implemented at any time to know, being implemented at any time to know, instantly see the actual influence of the instantly see the actual influence of the inevitable setbacks, Will Do to perform at inevitable setbacks, Will Do to perform at the top historic estimates for the effects the top historic estimates for the effects and thus easily allows you to get the and thus easily allows you to get the necessary decisions on time.necessary decisions on time.

PERT PERT ((Project Project EEvaluation and valuation and RReview eview TTechniqueechnique))

Project ManagementProject Management Project management of projectProject management of project

activities to achieve the objectives of activities to achieve the objectives of the project planning, scheduling and the project planning, scheduling and control. Performing these activities, control. Performing these activities, performance, cost, time limits and performance, cost, time limits and stay within the size of the project are stay within the size of the project are obliged to be kept within acceptable obliged to be kept within acceptable limits.limits.

Identified four major variables Identified four major variables related to the project, performance, related to the project, performance, cost, schedule or cost, scale or size cost, schedule or cost, scale or size of projectof project. .

Performance:Performance: The objective The objective of the project of the project is a measure of how much and what is a measure of how much and what quality you performquality you perform..

Cost:Cost: Cost should not be confused with the Cost should not be confused with the price. Pricing policy of a company. The price. Pricing policy of a company. The cost of the product by how much spending cost of the product by how much spending can be done to calculate the activity can be done to calculate the activity devoted to the production of business devoted to the production of business structure, the source data, estimates of structure, the source data, estimates of operating time, experience and account is operating time, experience and account is taken from graphs. Sectoral areas, the unit taken from graphs. Sectoral areas, the unit price from the catalogs of the annual cost price from the catalogs of the annual cost calculation resources is also important. calculation resources is also important. With the evaluation of these resources by With the evaluation of these resources by using computers to obtain cost estimates using computers to obtain cost estimates ..

Table or the time:Table or the time: When the project is completed, When the project is completed, and which indicates when the activitiesand which indicates when the activities . .

Project Scale or Size:Project Scale or Size: The size of the project, could The size of the project, could not be identified in advance, missed the not be identified in advance, missed the emergence of some of the requirements of the emergence of some of the requirements of the project execution phase of the well can be project execution phase of the well can be increased, this in mind, the planning phase of the increased, this in mind, the planning phase of the project in detail with people who want to be project in detail with people who want to be identified and the client or the project could be and identified and the client or the project could be and how much of that growth across the border after how much of that growth across the border after which the project determined to be abandonedwhich the project determined to be abandoned..

Project LawsProject Laws 1. Of any project on time, within budget, 1. Of any project on time, within budget,

and first introduced elements provided can and first introduced elements provided can not be completed.not be completed.

2. Projects progress rapidly until the 2. Projects progress rapidly until the completion of 90%. Then he completed completion of 90%. Then he completed 90% remain forever.90% remain forever.

3. Fuzzy project objectives to determine 3. Fuzzy project objectives to determine the best part, the wrong estimation of your the best part, the wrong estimation of your costs bodyguards shame.costs bodyguards shame.

4. Jobs going well, definitely will go 4. Jobs going well, definitely will go reverse. reverse.

5 Things will be even worse in the case can 5 Things will be even worse in the case can not be worsenot be worse..

6. If you are seen as things are going well, 6. If you are seen as things are going well, something overlooked.something overlooked.

7. The rate of change is allowed to change 7. The rate of change is allowed to change the contents of the project will be the rate the contents of the project will be the rate of progress. of progress.

8. No system is not completely accurate. 8. No system is not completely accurate. End of the study is to perfect a system, the End of the study is to perfect a system, the inevitable errors in the formation of a new inevitable errors in the formation of a new and more difficult to find..and more difficult to find..

9. Bad time when a scheduled three times 9. Bad time when a scheduled three times the expected completion of the project in a the expected completion of the project in a carefully planned project only twice as carefully planned project only twice as much as it takes time to complete than much as it takes time to complete than expected. expected.

10. The project teams are reporting 10. The project teams are reporting neglected because otherwise there will be neglected because otherwise there will be lack of progress.lack of progress.

As a rule, the optimal duration of the project As a rule, the optimal duration of the project completion time exceeds a certain time, because completion time exceeds a certain time, because of cost increases are explained as follows: All the of cost increases are explained as follows: All the projects, investment projects, especially in the projects, investment projects, especially in the way of opening or operation of the investment way of opening or operation of the investment amount and investment of the project results in amount and investment of the project results in achieving the exact date specified. If, investment, achieving the exact date specified. If, investment, business can not be opened before the date business can not be opened before the date specified in the project and all the calculations specified in the project and all the calculations predicted a large extent loses its validity.predicted a large extent loses its validity.

First of all, can not be obtained in time for the First of all, can not be obtained in time for the project shown on sales receipts, financial project shown on sales receipts, financial statements, the balance is disturbed. Debt and statements, the balance is disturbed. Debt and other operating costs to meet the requirement of other operating costs to meet the requirement of finding additional sources of funding arises. Such a finding additional sources of funding arises. Such a situation leads to the cost of new financingsituation leads to the cost of new financing..

On the other hand, the amount of On the other hand, the amount of investment envisaged in the project, investment envisaged in the project, is valid for a certain period of time. is valid for a certain period of time. The longer the operation of the The longer the operation of the project start-up time, may increase project start-up time, may increase the price of investment goods, the price of investment goods, import conditions may change, the import conditions may change, the investment in expenditure will be investment in expenditure will be prolonged waiting time for free, prolonged waiting time for free, alternative costs could reach large alternative costs could reach large amounts. Apart from this project, the amounts. Apart from this project, the amount of invested capital but not amount of invested capital but not taken to use the bank interest rate at taken to use the bank interest rate at least until there is an unseen cost least until there is an unseen cost ..

Thank you for Thank you for listening listening