project occupational safety high academy eng

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Project Occupational Safety High Academy

Eng.103

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Unit One

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(A): Listen to the following conversation and practice:

Ahmed: Hello, I am Ahmed Al-ghamdi. I'm a new student here.

Omer: Hi, I’m Omer Al-Harbi.

Omer: OK, Where are you from, Ahmed?

Ahmed: I am from Asharqia, Al-hafof. How about you?

Omer: I am from Abha.

Ahmed: Oh! Really? I love Abha. It’s really beautiful.

Omer: Thanks .So Al-hafof.

Ahmed: Oh, good Saud is here.

Omer: Who is Saud?

Unit One

Lesson (1): At the University:

Where are you from?

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Ahmed: He's my classmate. We are in the same English class.

Omer: Where is he from?

Ahmed: He is from Jeddah. Let us go and say hello.

Omer: OK. That is great.

Answer these questions:

1-Where is Ahmed from?_He from __ Asharqia __________________.

2-Where is Omer from_______________________________________.

3-Does Ahmed love Abha?_Yes , he

does___________________________________.

4-Who is Saud?_____________________________________________.

Where is he from?___________________________________________.

(B)What is Jeddah like?

Listen to the following conversation and practice:

Ahmed: Saud, this is Omer Al-Harbi. He is a new student here.

Saud: Hi, Omer Al-harbi. It is nice to meet you. I am Saud Al-qhtani.

Omer: So, you are from Jeddah?

Saud: That is right?

Omer: What is Jeddah like?

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Saud: It is really nice .It is big and very nice.

(D): Grammar: Sentences with (be), possessive adjectives:

Sentences with (be) Contractions of (be) Possessive adjectives

I am from Abha. I am = I'm My

You are from Jeddah You are = You're Your

We are in the same class. We are = We're Our

They are my classmates They are = They're Their

He is from Riyadh He is = He's His

She is a new student. She is = She's Her

It is a beautiful city. It is = It's Its

Complete these sentences:

1-My name is Naif.I am from Taif.My _______family is in Taif city. My

brother is ______ a student.His ___________ name is Bander.

2- My______ name is Norah. I'm 23 years old.My______sister is

______ student here, too.My______ parents are in Makah right now.

3-I'm Abdul-Aziz, but everyone calls me Zizo.My______ last name is

Al-shammari.I am_________ a student at King Abdul-Aziz University.

My parents are __________ on vacation this

weekend.They’re_________ in Ar'ar.

Exercise

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Abdullah: So do you usually come to the gym in the mooring?

Majid: Yes, I do.

Abdullah: Really? What time do you go to work?

Majid: I work in the afternoon .I start work at four o'clock.

Abdullah: Wow that is late. When do you get home at night?

Majid: I usually get home at midnight.

Abdullah: Midnight? That is late .What do you do exactly?

Lesson (2): At the gym

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Majid: I am a TV announcer.

Abdullah: Oh, that is a nice job.

(B): Time Expressions:

I get up At 6:00 in the morning on weekdays

I go to bed Around ten in the evening on weeknights

I leave work early in the afternoon on weekends

I get home late at night on Fridays

I stay up late until midnight on Saturdays

I wake up Before / after noon on Sundays

(C): Complete these sentences with time expressions:

on in at late / until before / after

1-I get up _________ five _______ the morning _______ weekdays.

2-I go to bed _________ midnight _______ weeknights.

3-I start work _________ 11:30 _______ night.

4-I have lunch _________ one _______ the afternoon_______ Fridays.

5-I stay up _________ 1:00A.M. _______ weekends.

6-I have a little snack _________ 8:00_______ the evening.

7-I sleep _________ noon _______ Saturdays.

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(A): Scan the profiles. Who is in high school? Who is in college?

Who is in a new parent?

John Peter Rosa James Julian Hans

I am 17 now, and I don't

get an allowance from

my parents anymore .I

need to earn some money

because I like to go out

on the weekend with my

friends .I go to school

every day from 8:00

A.M to 3:00 P.M. My

father owns a restaurant,

I don't have time to

work, but I need a job

because college is very

expensive .I study art. I

have class all day

Monday, Wednesday,

and Friday, and on

Tuesday and Thursday

mornings. I usually

study on weekends .I

My husband and I have a

new baby. He makes a good

salary, but we don't save

very much money. We want

to save some money to buy a

house .I take care of the

baby, so I need a job I can

do at home .I know how to

type ,and I have a computer.

Lesson (3): Why do you need a job?

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so I know about

restaurant work.

don't have any

experience, but I can

learn quickly.

(B): Read the article .Why do these people need jobs. Check (√) in

the correct boxes.

The Sentence John Peter Rosa James Julian Hans

1. To save money.

2. To earn money for

college.

3. To gout on the weekend.

4. To buy a house.

(C): Conversation: How much is it?

Listen to the teacher and practice:

Ahmed: Oh, look at those sunglasses Khalid. They are perfect for you.

Khalid: Those blue ones? I'm not sure.

Ahmed: No, the black ones.

Khalid: Oh, these? Hmm. black isn't really a good colour for me.

Ahmed: Well, that watch is good.

Khalid: Which one?

Ahmed: That blue right there. How much is it?

Khalid: It is 150SR.That is expensive!

Ahmed: Hey, let me get it for you. It is your birthday present.

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Khalid: Thank you very much.

(D): Grammar: Demonstratives; One, Ones:

How much is this / that watch?

Which one? This / That one?

It is 150 SR.

How much are these / those

sunglasses?

Which ones? These / Those ones?

They are 75 SR.

(E): Complete the conversations:

(1): A: Excuse me, how much are__________ jeans?

B: Which __________? Do you mean the ________________?

A: No, the light blue ______________.

B: Oh, _________ are 79.99SR.

A: Almost 80SR! Are you kidding?

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Naif: I have tickets to the soccer match on Friday.Would you like to go?

Majid: Thanks. I’d love to. What time does it start?

Naif: At eight o’clock.

Majid: That sounds great. So, do you want to dinner at six?

Naif: Uh, I’d like to, but I have to work late.

Majid: Oh, that is OK. Let us just meet at the stadium before the match.

Naif: OK. Let’s meet at the gate.

Majid: That sounds fine. See you there.

Lesson (4): An invitation

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(B): Grammar focus:

Would have; verb + to + verb:

Examples:

1-Would you like to go out on Friday?

Yes, I would.

Yes, I would love to. Thanks.

Yes, I would really like to go.

2-Would you like to go to a soccer match?

I’d like to, but I have to work late.

I’d like to, but I need to save some money.

I’d like to, but I want to visit my parents.

(C): Response to three invitations. Then write three invitations for

the given responses.

1-A: I have tickets to the Zoo on Friday. Would you like to go?

B: ______________________________________________________

A: Would you like to come over and have lunch with me?

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B: ______________________________________________________

A: Would you like to go to the Park with me this evening?

B: _____________________________________________________

2-A: ______________________________________________________

B: Yes, I’d love to. Thank you.

A: _____________________________________________________

B: Well, I’d like to, but I have to revise my lessons.

A: _____________________________________________________

B: Yes, thank you. I’d really like to visit it.

Read the following Passage:

Amin looked at his new watch, a present from his uncle. Only a quarter

of an hour to go .It was the first time for Amin to travel by train. He was

Lesson (5): On the Dammam Train

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on his way to Dammam in the East to visit his sister. He planned to

spend his school holiday with her. Three weeks earlier he had got a letter

from his sister. He took it out of his pocket when the train started to

move. It began:

Dear Amin,

On arrival at Dammam train station, take your suitcase and leave the

train. Go out of the station. On your left you’ll see a sign “No parking”.

Just stay there and we’ll come and pick you up. We look forward to

seeing you.

Yours sincerely,

Norah.

(A): Make true (T) or false (F):

1. Amin has got something new. ( )

2. He didn’t use the watch. ( )

3. He has travelled by train before. .( )

4. Dammam is in the East. .( )

5. Amin planned to spend a year in Dammam. ( )

(B): Make sentences like this using the verbs between brackets.

1- Take your suitcase and leave the train. (Take - leave)

2- ______________ pencil _____________ a letter (get – write)

3- ______________ hands ___________.your food (wash – eat)

4- ___________the door ___________left or right (open – look)

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5- ____________book __________ the new lesson (take – find)

(C): Look at the picture of the train:

This is the train that took Amin to Dammam

Put the following words in the correct places in order to describe the

train.

Diesel – rails – passengers – long – carriages

1-It’s rather ________________________________________________.

2-It uses __________________________________________________.

3-It carries ________________________________________________.

4-It runs on ________________________________________________.

5-It has many ______________________________________________.

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(A): Listen and practice.

Abdullah: Hi, Ali. How was your vacation?

Ali: It was great! I went to Hawaii with my cousin.

Abdullah: You are Lucky. How long were you there?

Ali: About a month.

Abdullah: Fantastic! Was the weather OK?

Ali: Not really .It was cloudy most of the time .But we went surfing

everyday. The waves were amazing.

Abdullah: So, what was the best thing about the trip?

Ali: Well, something incredible happened. You will not believe it.

Lesson (6): How was your vacation?

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)B):Answer these questions:

1-How was Abdullah’s vocation?_______________________________

2-Where did he go?__________________________________________

3-With whom did he go there?__________________________________

4-How long did they spend there?_______________________________

5-What was the weather like?__________________________________

6-Did he go surfing? _________________________________________

(C): Grammar focus: Past of (verb to be):

The Sentence The answer Contractions

Were you in Hawaii? Yes, I was.

Was the weather OK? No, it wasn’t. Wasn’t = was not

Were they on

vacation?

Yes, they were.

Were your parents

there?

No, they weren’t Weren’t = were not

How was your

vacation?

I was excellent.

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(D): Complete the following conversations:

(1): A: How long _______ your parents in Europe?

B: They _________ there for two weeks.

(A): __________ there in London the whole time?

(B): No, they ___________ .They also went to Paris.

(2): A: _______ you in Los Angeles last weekend?

B: No, I _________ .I______________ in San Francisco.

(A): How __________ it?

(B): It ___________ great! But it _________ foggy and

(3): A: _______ you away last week?

B: Yes, I _________ in Istanbul.

(A): Really? How long __________ you there?

(B): For almost a week. I ___________ there on business.

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(A): 1-Hair:

Long brown hair Short blond hair Straight black hair

curly red hair bald A moustache and beard

2-Age

Young Middle aged elderly

Handsome Good looking Pretty

Lesson (7): Describing People (1)

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3-Height

Short Fairly short Medium height

Pretty tall Very tall

(B): Choose three expressions to describe yourself and your partner.

Then compare.

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(C): Conversation .Listen to Ali and Omer ,then practice.

Ali: I hear you have a new friend, Omer.

Omer: Yes. His name is Ahmed, he is splendid!

Ali: Really? What does he look like?

Omer: Well, he is very tall.

Ali: How tall?

Omer: About six feet, I suppose.

Ali: Wow, that is tall .What colour is his hair?

Omer: He has black hair.

Ali: And how old is he?

Omer: I don’t know. He won’t tell me.

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(D): Grammar focus: Describing people:

General

appearance

Age Height Hair

What does he

look like? He is tall with

black hair.

He is splendid. Does he wear

glasses?

Yes, and he has a beard.

How old is he?

He is about 22. He is in his

twenties.

How tall is she?

She is one meter.

How long is her hair?

It is medium length. What colour is her

hair?

It is dark.

(E): Write questions for the following answers:

The question The answer

My sister is 23 years old.

I am 178 cm.

Majid has black hair.

He is tall and very good looking.

My sister’s hair is medium length.

I have dark brown eyes.

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(A): Adjectives: Match each adjective with its opposite:

(A) (B)

Beautiful ( ) 1-Boring

Cheap ( ) 2-crowded

Clean ( ) 3-dangerous

Interesting ( ) 4-expensive

Quiet ( ) 5-noisy

Relaxing ( ) 6-polluted

Safe ( ) 7-stressful

Spacious ( ) 8-ugly

(B): Conversation: It is a fairly big city.

AL-Wajh City

Nasir: So where are you from Turkey?

Turkey: Iam from Al Wajh.

Lesson (8): Describing People (2)

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Nasir: Wow, I’ve heard that is a really nice city.

Turkey: Yeah, it is.The weather is great, and there are some fantastic

beaches just out the city.

Nasir: Is it expensive there?

Turkey: No, it’s not very expensive .Prices are pretty reasonable.

Nasir: How big is the city?

Turkey: It’s a fairly big city.

Nasir: It sounds perfect to me. Maybe I should plan a trip there

sometime.

(C): Grammar focus: (1) Adverbs before adjectives:

Adverbs before adjectives Adverbs

Al Wajh is really nice. It’s a really nice

city.

extremely

It’s fairly big city. It’s a fairly big city. very

It’s not very expensive It’s not a very

expensive place.

really

It is not too noisy and it is not too

crowded for me.

pretty

fairly

somewhat

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(2)Conjunctions

It is an exciting city, and the weather is fine.

It is a big city, but it is not too big.

It is a big city .It is not too big, though.

It is a big city .It is not too big, however.

Choose the correct conjunctions and rewrite the sentences:

1-Maddinah is very nice. Everyone is extremely friendly. (and / but)

__________________________________________________________

2-The streets are crowded. It is easy to get a round. (and / though)

__________________________________________________________

3-The weather is nice. Summers get pretty hot. (and / however)

__________________________________________________________

4-Shopping is great. You have to bargain in the markets. (and / but)

__________________________________________________________

5-The food is delicious. It is not too expensive. (and / though)

__________________________________________________________

6-It is a mazing city. I love to go there. (and / however)

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__________________________________________________________

Unit Two

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Mexico City


Rakan: Can you tell me a little about Mexico City, Peter?

Peter: Sure I can .What would you like to know about it?

Rakan: Well, what’s a good time to visit?

Peter: I think you can go anytime .The weather is always nice.

Rakan: Oh, good! And what should I see there?

Peter: Well, you should definitely visit the National Museum and go to

the Palace of fine Arts.

Rakan: And what else?

Peter: Oh, you should miss the Pyramids of the Sun. It’s very

interesting.

Unit Two

Lesson (1): What should I see there?

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Rakan: It is all sounds really interesting.

(B): Grammar focus: Modal verbs (can) and (should):

The modal verbs include can, must, may, might, will, would, should.

They are used with other verbs to express ability, obligation, possibility,

and so on.

We use can to express ability: I can speak English.

We use should to give advice: You should stop smoking.

Can Should

What can I do in Mexico?

1-You can see the Palace of Arts.

2-You can’t visit some Museums on

Sundays.

What should I see in Mexico?

1-You should visit the National

Museum.

2-You shouldn’t miss the Pyramid of

the Sun.

Choose the correct answer:

1. She looks pretty sick. I think she ( can / should) go to a doctor.

2. You (can’t / shouldn’t) smoke so much. It's bad for your health.

3-Hey I'm lost. (Can / Should) you help me?

4-You have such a beautiful voice. You (should / can) sing for us!

5- I know he speaks five languages, but (can /should) he speak Arabic?

6-I (can’t / shouldn’t) believe that you failed your test!

7-I'm on my way. I (can / should) be there in about 10 minutes.

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8-You (can / should) drink a lot of water because it is good for your health.

(A): Listen to the teacher and repeat:

insomnia The flu A cough A cold

A headache A backache Sore muscles stomachache

(B): listen to the following conversation and practice:

Ahmed: Hi, Nader. How are you?

Nader: Not so good. I have a terrible cold

Ahmed: Really? That is too bad! You should be at home in bed. It is

really important to get a lot of rest.

Nader: Yeah. You’re right.

Ahmed: And have you taken anything for it?

Lesson (2): Common Health

Complaints

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Nader: No, I haven’t.

Ahmed: Well, it is sometimes helpful to eat garlic soup. Just chop up

a whole head of garlic and cook it. Try it! It really works!

Nader: Yuck! That sound awful!

(C): Grammar Focus: Infinitive complements:

What should you do for a cold?

It is important to get a lot of rest.

It is sometimes helpful to eat garlic soup.

It is a good idea to take some vitamin C.

(D): Look at these health problems .Choose several pieces of good

advice for each problem:

Problem Advice

1-A sore throat ( ) A)Take some vitamin C.

2-A cough ( ) B) Put some ointment on it.

3-A backache ( ) C) Drinks lots of liquids.

4-A fever ( ) D) Go to bed and rest.

5-Atoothache ( ) E) Put heating pad on it.

6-A headache ( ) F) Put it under cold water.

7-Aburn ( ) G) Take some aspirin.

8-The flu ( ) H) See a dentist.

I) See a doctor.

J) Get some medicine.

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(A): listen to the following conversation and practice:

Pharmacist: Hi. May I help you?

Patient: Yes, please .Could I have something for a cough? I think I am

getting a cold.

Pharmacist: Well, I suggest a box of these cough drops.

Patient: Thank you .And what do you suggest for dry skin?

Pharmacist: Try some of these new lotion. It is very good.

Patient: OK. And one more thing. My husband has no energy these

days. Can you suggest any thing?

Pharmacist: He should try some of these multi-vitamin. They are

excellent.

Lesson (3): At the pharmacy?

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Patient: Great! May I have three large bottles, please?

(B): Grammar focus:

Model verbs can, could, many for requests; suggestions

Can / May I help you? What do you suggest / have for

dry skin?

Can I have a box of cough drops?

Could I have something for a

cough?

May I have a bottle of aspirin?

Try some of this lotion.

I suggest some ointment.

You should get some skin cream.

(C): Complete these conversations with the verbs can, could, may,

have, try, suggest, or should.

1-A: ___________ I help you?

B: Yes, _______ I have something for itchy eyes?

A: Sure. I _______________ a bottle of eye drops.

2-A: What do you ___________ for sore muscles?

B: You _______ this ointment? It is excellent.

A: Sure. OK. I’ll take it.

3-A: ___________ I have a box of bandages, please?

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B: Here you are.

A: And what do you ______________ for insomnia?

B: _____________ some of this herbal tea. It is very relaxing

A: OK. Thank you.

(D): Writing: A letter to an advice columnist

Dear Dr. Ahmed,

I have a problem and need your advice

.What do you suggest for losing weight?

My friends say I look fine, but I don’t

think so. I’ve tried several diets, but they

just don’t work for me. I am desperate!

Can you please help?

Not slim Adel

Dear Dr. Ahmed ,

Several months ago, My husband moved

to another town to start a new work .He

called me to be with him every weekend.

Now I say the distance is too far and we

should break up. What do you suggest?

Heartbroken

(E): Imagine that you want some advice about a problem .Write a short

letter to an advice columnist.

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Listen to the following conversation and practice.

Cashier: What would you like?

Customer: I’d like the lamb kebabs and burger sandwiches.

Cashier: All right, and would you like a salad?

Customer: Yes, I’ll have a mixed green salad.

Cashier: OK. What kind of dressing would you like?

Customer: Blue cheese, please.

Cashier: And would you like anything to drink?

Customer: Yes, I’d like a large iced tea, please.

Lesson (4): Ordering a meal

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(B): Grammar focus:

Modal verbs (would and will) for requests

What would you like? I’d like the lamb kababs. Contractions

What kind of dressing

would you like?

I’d like blue cheese, please. I’ll = I will

I’d = I would

What would you like to

drink?

I’d like an iced tea.

Would you like anything

else?

Yes, please I’d like some

water.

No, thank you .That’ll be all

(C): Complete these conversations:

Fried chicken French fries Mashed potetoes

Icecream Chocolate Cappuccino

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Waiter: What ______________ you like to order?

Customer: I _____________have the fried chicken.

Waiter: _______________ you like rice or potatoes?

Customer: Potatoes, please.

Waiter: What kind of potatoes would you _____________? Mashed,

baked, or French fries?

Customer: I ____________ like mashed potatoes.

Waiter: OK. And ______________ you like anything to drink?

Customer: I guess I _____________ have a cup of cappuccino.

Waiter: Would you ____________________ anything else?

Customer: No, that _____________ be all for now, thanks.

Waiter: Would you _______________ dessert?

Customer: Yes, I _____________ like ice-cream.

Waiter: What flavor _____________ you like?

Customer: Hmm.I ______________ have chocolate, please.

Waiter: OK. I’ll bring it right away.

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Robinson Crusoe was an English sailor and merchant. He was going on

a journey when a storm destroyed his ship. But he was saved when a big

wave carried him to the shore of a small island. Robison Crusoe lived

there for twenty-eight years. Although he was alone, he worked all the

time .He built a house, he grew corn and vegetables and he reared

animal. After twenty - five years, he found a man on the island. The man

was in trouble. Robinson Crusoe helped him and the man became his

servant. He called him Friday. He taught him to speak English and to do

many things.

Three year later, a ship came to the island. Robison Crusoe met the captain and his companions. They were in trouble. He helped them.

Then he returned home with them.

Lesson (5): Reading: Robinson Crusoe

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( A): Choose the correct answer:

1- Robison Crusoe was an English _____________________

a-teacher b- merchant c- sailor and merchant

2- He was saved by ___________________________________

a- people b- a big wave c-the police

3- Robison grew ______ and vegetables when he was on the island.

a-cotton b- sugar cane c- corn

4- Robinson Crusoe called the man that he found on the island:

a-Friday b- John c-Saturday

5- He taught the man to speak ____________________

a-French b- English c-Arabic

6- Three years later a _______________ came to the island.

a-ship b- train c-car

7- Robinson Crusoe met ______________________________________

a-his son b- the animals c-the Captain and his companions

(B): Tick ( √ ) or ( × ) :

1- Robison Crusoe lived on the island for twenty-eight years. ( )

2-. Robison Crusoe built a palace when he was on the island. ( )

3-After twenty three years he found a man on the island. ( )

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Unit Three

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(A): Scan the article .How much should you tip someone in the

United States who:

1- Carries your suitcase at a hotel?

2-Parks your car?

3-Serves you in a fast-food restaurant?

The word tip comes from an old English slang word that means “to give”. It

is both a noun and a verb. Americans usually tip people in places like restaurants,

airports, hotels, and hair salons. People who work in these places often get paid

low wages .A tip shows that the customer is pleased with the service. Sometimes it

is hard to know how much to tip. The size of the tip usually depends on the

service. People such as parking valets or bellhops usually get smaller tip. The tip

for people such as taxi drivers and waiters or waitresses is usually larger. Here are

a few guidelines for tipping in the United States:

Unit Three

Lesson (1): Reading: To Tip or not to Tip

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People who as …………………… Tipping

1-Airport porters or hotel bellhops 1 or 2 dollars for carrying each suitcase.

2-Parking valets 1 dollar for parking a car.

3-Hotel door attendants 1 or 2 dollars for getting a taxi.

4-Hotel maids 1 to 5 per night

5-Taxi drivers 15 percent of the bill; more if they help

you with bags.

6-Waiters and waitresses 15 to 20 percent of the bill (there is no

tipping in fast-food restaurants)

7-Barbers or hairstylists 15 percent of the bill.

When you are not sure about how much to tip, do what feels right .You don’t have

to tip for bad service. And you can give a bigger tip for very good service

.Remember, though, your behavior is more important than your money .Always

treat service providers with respect.

(B): Answer these questions:

1-From where does the word “tip” come from?

__________________________________________________________

2- Where do Americans usually tip people?

__________________________________________________________

3-Why do Americans usually tip people in these places?

__________________________________________________________

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4-What does a tip show?______________________________________

5- Is the tip for people such as taxi drivers and waiters or waitresses is

usually smaller?_____________________________________________

6- Do you have to tip for bad service?___________________________

(C): Read the article .Find the underlined words in the article .Then

check (√) the correct meaning of each word.

The word The meaning

1-wages 1-regular pay for a job ( )

2-tips I received for a job ( )

2-pleased 1-happy or satisfied ( )

2-annoyed or bothered ( )

3-depend on 1-be the same as ( )

2-change a according to ( )

4- behavior 1-away of catching ( )

2-away of feelings ( )

5- treat 1-ignore ( )

2-act toward ( )

6- respect

1- courtesy ( )

2- rudeness ( )

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Adjectives are words that describe or modify other words, making your

writing and speaking much more specific, and a whole lot more

interesting. Words like small, blue, and sharp are descriptive, and they

are all examples of adjectives. Because adjectives are used to identify or

quantify individual people and unique things, they are usually positioned

before the noun or pronoun that they modify.

Forming comparative adjectives

As well as serving as modifying words like beautiful and

big, adjectives are also used for indicating the position on a scale of

comparison. The lowest point on the scale is known as

the absolute form, the middle point is known as the comparative form,

and the highest point is known as the superlative form. Here are some

examples:

Absolute Comparative Superlative

This book is long. This book is longer than that

book.

This is

the longest book.

The airport is far. The airport is farther than the

train station.

This is

the farthest airport.

Lesson (2): Grammar

Comparing adjectives

http://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/adjectives/

44


My mom is

a good cook.

My mom is a better cook than

your mom.

My mom is

the best cook.

The comparative form:

When two objects or persons are being compared, the comparative form of the

adjective is used. The comparative adjective can be formed in two ways:

1. Adding –er to the absolute form of the adjective.

2. Adding the word more before the adjective.

For example:

1. My essay is longer than yours.

2. She is more beautiful than her sister.

Here are the rules for choosing and forming the right form:

Add When Example Forming and Exceptions

–er Words of

one syllable

This is a

longer book.

Words ending with ‘e‘,

add ‘r‘ to the end of the

word (e.g., lame →

lamer).

Words with one vowel

and one consonant at the

end, double the consonant

and add –er to the end of

45


the word (e.g., big →

bigger).

Words with more than

one vowel or more than

one consonant at the end,

add –er to the end of the

word (e.g., hard →

harder).

–er

Words of

two

syllables

ending with

‘y‘

This doll is prettier. Change ‘y‘ to ‘i‘, and add –er to

the end of the word.

more

Words of

two

syllables not

ending with

‘y‘

He

is more charming

than his friend.

Insert more before the adjective

more

Three

syllable

words or

longer

This is

a more powerful

cable.

Insert more before the adjective

When comparing two things, the word than is positioned between the

adjective and the thing being compared. For example:

1. Apples are tastier than oranges.

2. This painting is more interesting than that painting.

Superlatives

46

The superlative is used to say what thing or person has the most of a

particular quality within a group or of its kind. The superlative can be

formed in two ways:

1. Adding –est to the absolute form of the adjective.

2. Adding the word most before the adjective.

For example:

1. This is the most beautiful dress I have ever seen.

2. The biggest table in the room.

Here are the rules for choosing and forming the right form:


–est Words of

one syllable

This is the

longest book.

Words ending with ‘e‘,

add ‘st‘ to the end of

the word (e.g., large →

largest).

Words with one vowel

and one consonant at

the end, double the

consonant and add –

est to the end of the

word (e.g., big →

biggest).

Words with more than

one vowel or more than

one consonant at the

end, add –est to the end

of the word (e.g., blue

47


→ bluest).

–est

Words of

two

syllables

ending

with ‘y‘

This doll is the

prettiest.

Change ‘y‘ to ‘i‘, and add –

est to the end of the word.

most

Words of

two

syllables

not ending

with ‘y‘

He is

the most charming

boy at school.

Insert most before the

adjective

most

Three

syllable

words or

longer

This is

the most powerful

story.

Insert most before the

adjective

Superlatives are usually preceded by the word the.

Positive form

The positive form is used in cases where there are no differences

between the two compared things or persons. To form the positive, we

use the word as before and after the absolute form of the adjective. For

example:

1. Danny is as smart as Phillip.

2. She is as beautiful as her older sister.

48

This can also be applied in a negative context to indicate that the

compared objects are not similar:

1. Danny is not as smart as Phillip.

2. She is not as beautiful as her older sister.

Exceptions (irregular forms)

Certain adjectives have irregular forms in the comparative and

superlative degrees:


Good Better Best

Bad Worse Worst

Little Less Least

Much/many/some More Most

Examples of comparing adjectives

1. This house is bigger than that one.

2. This flower is more beautiful than that.

3. He is taller than Mr. Hulas.

49

4. He is more intelligent than this boy.

5. Jonathan is the most handsome man on campus.

6. This is the prettiest dress in the window.

7. I lost my most comfortable shoes.

8. My job is worse than yours.

Put the adjectives between brackets correctly:

1-Which country is ____________ Canada or China? (small)

2-Which country has _________ population: Tokyo, Mexico, or Sao

Paulo? (large)

3-What is ______________ place in Saudi Arabia? (beautiful)

4-What is ________ river in the world, the Nile or the Amazon? (long)

5-Which city is _________________ Tokyo, Moscow, or Hong Kong?

(expensive)

6- What is _____________ ocean in the world, the Pacific or the

Atlantic? (deep)

7- Which city is __________, Hong Kong, or Cairo? (crowded)

Exercise

50

Mount Cook

(A): Listen to the following conversation and practice.

Bander: I am going to Australia next year. Aren't you from Australia,

James?

James: Actually, I am from New Zealand.

Bander: Oh, I didn't know that. So what is it like?

James: Oh, it is beautiful. It has lots of farms, and it is very

mountainous

Bander: Really? How high are the mountains?

James: The highest one is Mount Cook .It is 3,800 meters high.

Bander: Hmm. How far is New Zealand from Australia?

James: Well, I live in Auckland, and Auckland is about 2,000

kilometers from Sydney.

Bander: Well, maybe I should visit you next year, too.

Lesson (3): Distances and

measurements

51

(B): Grammar focus: Questions with (How):

It is about 400 kilometers. How far is it from Riyadh to

Dammam?

It is 640 square kilometers. How big is Singapore?

It is 3,740 meters high. How high is Mount Cook?

It is about 1,900 meters deep. How deep is the Grand Canyon?

It is about 5,970 kilometers long. How long is the Mississippi River?

It gets up to about 74º Fahrenheit. How hot is Auckland in the

summer?

(C): Write the questions to these answers.

1-A: _____________________________________________________?

B: Angel falls is 979 meters high.

2-A: _____________________________________________________?

B: California is about 403,970 square kilometers.

3-A: _____________________________________________________?

B: The Nile is 6,670 kilometers.

4-A: ____________________________________________________?

B: Washington, gets up to about 90º Fahrenheit in the summer.

52

(B): Listen to the conversation and practice.

Assistant: Can I help you?

Ali: Yes, how much is that shirt?

Assistant: It's 80 SR.

Ali: Can I try it on?

Assistant: Yes, what size are you?

Ali: I don't know.

Assistant: Ok, try a size 17. The changing room is over there.

Ali: Do you have it in a bigger size?

Assistant: Yes, here you are.

Ali: Thank you

Assistant: How was it?

Ali: I'll take it.

Lesson (4): At a Clothes Shop

53

Unit Four

54

(A): Listen to the conversation and practice.

John: Oh, I am really sorry .Are you OK?

Peter: I’m fine .But I’m not very good at this?

John: Nether am I. Are you from South America?

Peter: Yes, I am, originally .I was born in Argentina.

John: Did you grow up there?

Peter: Yes, I did, but my family moved here. Ten years ago, when I was in high

school.

John: Where did you learn to skate?

Peter: Here in the park. This is only my third time.

John: Well, it is my first time. Can you give me some lessons?

Peter: Sure. Just follow me.

John: By the way my name is John.

Peter: And I am Peter. Nice to meet you.

Unit Four

Lesson (1): Where did you learn

to skate?

55

(B): Grammar focus: Past simple: Form

The form of the past simple is the same for all persons (I, you, he, she, it,

we, you, and they).AFFIRMATIVE

Affirmative Statements:

I

You

We

They went to school yesterday.

He

She

It

Negative Statements:

I

You

We

They didn’t go to school yesterday.

He

She

It

Interrogative Statements:

Did

I

You

We

They

He

She

It

go to school yesterday?

56

Some verbs are “regular”, other are “irregular”.

The affirmative past simple of regular verbs ends in -ed:

Work worked

Play played

Live lived

When we add -ed to verbs, there are sometimes changes in spelling:

Stop Stopped

Travel travelled

Try tried

Irregular verbs have different affirmative past simple forms:

See saw

Come came

Drink drank

Use:

We use the past simple to talk about actions and situations that happened

in the past, often with expressions like ago, yesterday, last night, in

2005, etc...

I played football yesterday

He lived in London from 1997 to 2005.

Did you see Sarah yesterday? No, I didn´t

We didn´t go out last night. We stayed at home.

They went to Spain on holiday last summer.

Cristopher Columbus discovered America.

57

Spelling Rules:

*With most verbs we add -ed: wal → walked, finish → finished

*With verbs ending with -e, we add -d: live → lived, phone → phoned

*With verbs that end with a consonant + y, we change the -y to -ied:

try → tried, apply → applied

*With verbs that end with a vowel + one consonant, we double the

consonant:

stop → stopped, plan → planned, travel → travelled

Exceptions: We do not double the final consonant:

1- When it is a -y or -w: stay → stayed

2- When the last syllable is not stressed: listen > listened, open > opened

58

Regular verbs:

Complete the sentences with the past simple of one of these verbs:

Clean die enjoy finish happen live open

play rain smoke start stay want watch

1. Yesterday evening I _________________ television.

2. I _________________ my teeth tree times yesterday.

3. Bernard _________________ 20 cigarettes yesterday evening.

4. The concert last night ____________ at 7.30 and ______ ______ at

10 o´clock.

5. The accident _________________last Sunday afternoon.

6. When I was a child, I _________________ to be a doctor.

7. Mozart _________________ from 1756 to 1791.

8. We __________ our holiday last year. We __________ at a very good

hotel.

9. Today the weather is nice, but yesterday it _________________.

10. It was hot in the room, so I _________________ the window.

11. The weather was good yesterday, so we _________________ tennis.

12. William Shakespeare _________________ in 1616.

Exercise

59

Irregular verbs:

What did Mr. Bird do yesterday? Write the verbs in brackets in the past

simple form.

Yesterday Mr. Bird (get up) _________________ at 6.45 and (have)

_________________ a shower.

Then he (have) _________________ tea and cornflakes for breakfast.

He (leave) _________________

home at 7.55 and (go) _________________ to work by bus. He (take)

_________________ the 8.05 bus and (get) _________________ to

work at 8.30. He (have) _________________ lunch from 1.00 till 2.00

and (leave) _________________ work at 6.00 in the evening. When he

(get) ________________ home, he (read) _________________ the

newspaper. Then he (have) _________________ dinner at 7.15. After

dinner he (take) _________________ his dog out for a walk. He (go)

_________________ to bed at 10.30 exactly!

60

Add more hours to the

day

Change my appearance

Improve my personality

Move to a new

home

Enjoy life more

Go back to school Become healthier

Find a better job Make new friends

(A): Answer these questions:

1-Which of these wishes would be easy to do?

2-Which would be difficult or impossible?

3-Check (√) some of these things you would like to do.

4-What other things you like to change about your life?

Lesson (2): Common whishes people

have about their lives

61

(B): Conversation: Making changes:

(B.1): Listen to the teacher and practice:

Omer: So, are you still living with your parents, Ibrahim?

Ibrahim: I am afraid so .I wish I had my own apartment.

Omer: Why? Don’t you like living at home?

Ibrahim: It’s OK, but my parents are always asking me to be home

before midnight. I wish they would stop worrying about me.

Omer: Yeah. parents are like that !

Ibrahim: And they except me help around the house .I hate housework.

I wish life weren’t difficult.

Omer: So, why don’t you move out?

Ibrahim: Hey, I wish I could, but where else can I get free room and

Board.

62

(B.2): Grammar focus: Wish:

We use wish + past tense to refer to present wishes.

Examples:

1-I live with my parents.

I wish I didn’t live with my parents.

I wish I had my own apartment.

2-I can’t move out.

I wish I could move out

3-Life is difficult.

I wish it were easier.

I wish it weren’t so difficult.

4-My parents will not stop worrying about me.

I wish they would stop worrying about me.

Notice: After wish, were is used with all pronouns.

63

Complete the sentences. Use the present perfect form of the verbs in

brackets.

1-I wish we _________________ a test today. (Not have)

2-I wish these exercises ___________________ so difficult. (Not be)

3-I wish we ___________________ near the beach. (Live)

4-Do you ever wish you __________________ more? (Can travel)

5-I wish I _____________________ better at English. (Be)

6-I wish we __________________ wear a school uniform. (Not have to)

7-Sometimes I wish I __________________. (Can fly).

8-I wish we ___________________. to Disney World. (Can go)

Exercise

64

Visit a foreign country Discover something

new

Stay at home

go camping Relax at the beach Enjoy nature

(A): Answer these questions:

1- What activities do you like to do on vacation? Check (√) the

activities.

2-Which activities did you do on your last vacation?

3-Make a list of other activities you like to do on vacation.

Lesson (3): What do you like

to do on vacation?

65

(B): Conversation: What are you going to do?

Listen and practice.

Tamer: I’m so excited .We have two weeks off! What are you going to

do?

Majid: I’m not sure .I guess I’ll just stay at home .Maybe I’ll watch a

few DVDs. What about you? Any plans?

Tamer: Yeah. I’m going to Jeddah with my cousin for a couple of

weeks so as to relax at the beach. We are going to go surfing

every day.

Majid: Sounds like fun

Tamer: Why don’t you come with us?

Majid: I’d love to! I’ll bring my surfboard.

66

(C): Grammar focus: Future with be going to and will:

*We use be going to + verb for plans we have decided on.

What are you going to do?

I’m going to relax on the beach.

We are going to go surfing every day.

I’m not going to do anything special.

*We use will + verb for possible plans before we have made a

decision.

What are you going to do?

I’m not sure. I guess I’ll just stay at home.

Maybe I’ll watch DVDs.

I don’t know .I think I’ll go camping.

I probably will not go anywhere.

67

Underline the correct future tense phrase in the following sentences.

1. I am feeling energetic. So, I think I (will / am going to) wash my car.

2. It has been decided that we (will / are going to) to climb Mount

Everest next week.

3. -Who wants to come with me to the movie tonight?

Oh that sounds fun. I (will / am going to) come with you.

4. We have already made plans for the vacation. We have decided that

we (will / are going to) visit Uncle Bill in Montana.

5. Tonight seems like a nice night to be outside. I think I (will / am

going to) go for a walk after dinner.

6. Have you thought about what you want to do after college?

Yes, I have decided that I (will / am going to) become an engineer.

7. I guess I (will / am going to) help you clean the kitchen if no one else

will.

8. My car tires look low on air. I think I (will / am going to) fill them up

at the next gas station.

9. The weather man said that it (will / is going to) rain tomorrow.

10. Okay, I have an idea. After we play the game, we (will / are going

to) get some ice cream!

Exercise

68

11. I think my dad said we (will / are going to) go to the beach this

weekend.

12. If the bus (will not / is not going to) start, how will we get to school

on time.

Watching TV. Talking on the phone


Mr. Ali: Mohammed …. Mohammed! Turn down the TV, please.

Mohammed: Oh, but it is my favourite program.

Mr. Ali: I know .But it is very loud.

Mohammed: OK. I’ll turn it down.

Mr. Ali: That is better. Thanks.

Mrs. Ali: Norah, please pick up your things. They are all over the floor.

Norah: In a minute, Mom. I’m on the phone.

Lesson (4): No problem

69

Mrs. Ali: All right. But do it as soon as you disconnect a call.

Norah: OK. No problem!

Mrs. Ali: Goodness. We were like this when we were kids?

Mr. Ali: Definitely not.

(B): Grammar focus:

Two - parts verbs; will for responding to requests:

With nouns With pronouns Requests and responses

Turn down the TV. Turn it down. Please turn down the radio.

Turn the TV down OK. I’ll turn it down.

Pick up your things Pick them up. Pick up your clothes, please.

Pick your things up. All right. I’ll pick them up.

(C): Complete the requests with these words.

The TV Your jacket The radio The toys The books

Your boots The yard The lights The trash The dog

-1 Pick up ________ ,please. 6-Please take off ______________.

70

2-Turn ________ off, please. 7-Hang _____________ up, please.

3-Clean ________ up, please. 8-Please take out _____________.

4-Please put ________ away. 9-Please let ______________out.

5-Please turn down ___________. 10-Turn on ____________, please.

(D): Grammar focus:

Requests with modals and would you mind ……..?

Request + simple form of verb Would you mind… + gerund Can you turn the stereo off? Would you mind turning the stereo

down?

Could you close the door, please? Would you mind closing the door,

please?

Would you please take your garbage

out?

Would you mind putting your garbage

here?

71

Match the requests with the appropriate responses. (More than one

answer may be possible)

1-Could you lend me fifty dollars? ( ) a) We are sorry .We’ll talk more

quietly.

2-Could you get me a sandwich? ( ) b) I’m sorry .I’ll do it right now.

3-Can you help me move to new

house? ( )

c) Sorry .I didn’t realize this seat was

taken.

4-Would you mind not sitting here? ( ) d) Are you kidding? I don’t have any

cash.

5-Could you move your car from here?

( )

e) I’m really sorry, but I’m busy.

1-Would you mind not talking so

loudly? ( )

f) Sure, no problem. I’d be glad to.

Exercise

72


Ahmed: Can I borrow your phone to call my father?

Amin: I can’t believe you still don’t have a cell phone .Here you are.

Ahmed: Thanks .Now what do I need to do?

Amin: First of all, be sure to turn it on. And don’t forget to dial the area

code.

Ahmed: OK, I can see that number, but I can’t hear anything.

Amin: That’s because you haven’t pressed the “call” button.

Ahmed: Oh, good. It is ringing.

Amin: Try not to get too excited .You’ll probably get his voice mail

Ahmed: You are right .It is a recording

Amin: Make sure to hit the “end” button or else you’ll leave your

conversation on his voice mail!

Lesson (5): Can I borrow your

phone?

73

(B): Grammar focus:

Imperatives and infinitives for giving suggestions:

Be sure to turn it on.

Don’t forget to dial the area code.

Make sure to hit the “end” button.

Remember to pay the bill every month.

Try not to talk for too long.

Put the verb between the brackets in the correct form:

1-Try _______________ your laptop computer closed to protect the

screen. (keep)

2-Don’t forget _________________ down your secret code. (write)

3-Remember _____________________ it off as soon as you come in the

door. (turn)

4-Try not ______________your cell phone wet or the keys may get

stuck. (get)

5-Be sure ________________ your cell phone off before bed or a call

may wake you up. (turn)

6-Remember _________________ the battery before it dies. (recharge)

Exercise

74

(A)Listen to the Conversation and practice:

Jill: Your wedding pictures are really beautiful, Emiko.

Emiko: Thank you .Those pictures were taken right after the ceremony.

Jill: Where was the ceremony?

Emiko: At a shrine. When people get married in Japan, they sometimes

have the ceremony at a shrine.

Jill: That is interesting .Were there a lot of people there.

Emiko: Well, usually only family members and close friends to the

ceremony .But afterward we had a reception with family and friends.

Jill: So, what are receptions like in Japan?

Emiko: There is a big dinner, and after the food is served, the guests

give speeches or sing songs

Jill: It sounds like fun

Emiko: It really is .And then, before the guests leave, the bride and

groom give them presents.

Lesson (6): Wedding in Japan

75

Jill: the guests get presents?

Emiko: Yes, and the guests give money to the bride and groom

(B): Answer these questions:

1-Where was Jill’s wedding ceremony?

__________________________________________________________

2- When people get married in Japan, they sometimes have the

ceremony at ______________.

a-the street b-a shrine c-the neighbors’ house

3- What are receptions like in Japan?

__________________________________________________________

4-What do the guests give after the food is served?

__________________________________________________________

5-What do the bride and groom give the guest?

__________________________________________________________

6-What do the guests give to the bride and groom?

__________________________________________________________

(C): Grammar focus: Adverbial clauses of time:

When people get married in Japan, they sometimes have the ceremony

at a shrine.

After the food is served, the guests give speeches or sing songs

Before the guests leave, the bride and groom give them presents.

76

(A): Scan the article. What three habits does the article mention?

Some people leave work until the last minute, a lot of us can’t stop

gossiping, and others always arrive to events late .These aren’t serious

problems ,but they are bad habits that cause trouble .Habits like these

waste your time and ,in some cases might even affect your relationships.

What can you do about them? Read this advice to end your bad habits

for good.

I can do it tomorrow

1-Problem: Do you leave projects until the very last minute and stay up

all night to finish them?

Lesson (7): Reading:

Giving up bad habits

77

2-Solution: People often put things off because they seem

overwhelming. Try dividing the project into smaller steps. After you

finish each task, reward yourself with a snack or a call to a friend.

Guess what I just heard

3-Problem: Do you try not to talk about other people, but can’t help

yourself? Do you often feel bad after you have done it?

4-Solution: Frist, don’t listen to gossip. If someone tells you a secret,

just say “Really? I haven’t heard that” Then think of some other news to

offer-about yourself.

Never on time

5-Problem: Are you always late? Do your friends invite you to events a

half hour early?

6-Solution: Set an alarm clock. For example, if a movie starts at 9:00

and it takes 30 minutes to get to the theater, you have to leave at 8:30.Set

the alarm to go off at the time you need to leave.

(B): Read the article. Then check (√ ) the best description of the article.

1-The article starts with description and then gives advice.

2-The article starts with description and then gives facts.

3-The article gives the writer’s opinion.

78

(C): Write the number of the paragraph where each sentence could go.

A) You can also ask a friend to come to your house before the event.

B) Ask yourself: “How would I feel if someone told my secrets?”

C) Do you ever make up excuses to explain your unfinished work?

D) Are you ever so late that the people you are meeting leave?

E) You can also ask a friend to call you to ask about your progress.

F) Are people afraid to tell you things about themselves?

project occupational safety high academy eng

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