Properties of Matter Properties are the

characteristics, traits, or behaviors that we can use to identify samples of matter and distinguish them from one another.

Water, for example, has different properties than aluminum.

Two TYPES of Properties

Physical properties can be changed without changing the composition of the material itself.

Chemical properties, if changed, would result in the formation of a new substance.

Physical PropertiesPhysical properties are any characteristics that could change without forming a new substance.

Size, shape, color, taste, odor, magnetism, and temperature are all physical properties.

Chemical Properties Chemical properties are

characteristics that can be observed when a material changes into a new substance.

Chemical changes are often accompanied by the release or absorption of energy in the form of heat, light, or sound.

Physical or Chemical Change?

A physical change DOES NOT form a new substance.

A chemical change DOES form at least one new substance.

Videos

Physical & Chemical Change Song

Physical Changes SongPROPERTIES SONG

Physical Properties Mass is the amount of matter

that makes up an object. Volume is the amount of space

an object takes up Weight is the force of gravity on

an object.

MASS v. WEIGHT video clip 1 , 2, 3

Physical Properties Density is the amount of matter

packed into a given volume Melting point is the temperature at

which a substance changes from solid to liquid.

Boiling point is the temperature at which a substance changes from liquid to gas.

Density Clip 1 ,3 Distillation Videos 1 , 2 , 3

Physical Properties

State (or phase) of matter describes whether a substance is a solid, liquid, gas, or plasma.

Luster is how well a substance reflects light.

Texture is how rough or smooth a substance is.

Physical Properties

Electrical conductivity is how easily a substance allows electricity to flow through it.

Thermal conductivity is how easily a substance allows heat to flow through it.

Physical Properties Malleability is the ability of a

substance to be hammered without shattering

Ductility is the ability of a substance to be stretched into a wire.

Malleability & Ductility video clip 1

Physical Properties Hardness is a measure of a

substance’s resistance to scratching Tenacity is a substance’s strength

against being pulled apart. Elasticity is the ability of a

substance to return to its original shape after being stretched.

Tensile strength (tenacity) test video clip 1 , 2 , 3Elasticity video clip 1 , 2

Physical Properties Porosity is the ability of a solid to

allow fluids to pass through it. Solubility is the ability of a

substance to dissolve in another substance.

Viscosity is the tendency of a liquid to resist flowing.

Porosity video clip 1 , 2 , 3 Solubility video clip 1 , 2 Viscosity video clip 1 , 2 , 3, 4

List of Some Physical Properties

Size, shape, color, taste, odor, magnetism, temperature, mass,

volume, weight, density, melting point, boiling point,

state or phase, luster, texture, electrical conductivity, thermal

conductivity, malleability, ductility, hardness, tenacity, elasticity, porosity, solubility,

viscosity

Chemical Properties Reactivity is how well a

substance combines chemically with other substances. VIDEO 1 , 2 , 3 , 4

Acidic substances behave like acids. VIDEO 1 , 2 , 3

Basic substances behave like bases. VIDEO 1 , 2 , 3

Chemical Properties

Flammability is a material’s ability to burn when exposed to oxygen. VIDEO 1

Combustible materials tend to burn more rapidly in the presence of oxygen. VIDEO 1 , 2

Chemical Properties

Corrosive substances “eat away” other substances VIDEO 1

Tarnishable substances may have their luster reduced by chemical reactions. VIDEO 1

Chemical Properties Explosive substances react

violently when in contact with other substances. VIDEO 1

Photosynthetic substances are able to undergo photosynthesis.

VIDEO 1, 2