Proposal for Post-2015 Sanitation Water and Hygiene Goal

Eddy Perez, JMP sanitation working group

Slide 2

The Post 2015 Targets:Fundamental considerations

The Post 2015 Targets: Core principles

Progressively reducing inequalities between:– Rich and poor; urban and rural; slums and formal settlements; disadvantaged

groups and the general population

Levels of service– Not just gaining access but moving ‘up the service ladder’

Settings beyond the household– Schools and Health Centers

Sustainability– Affordability, accountability, and financial and environmental sustainability

MDG Post-2015

Halve proportion without Universal basic access

Households HouseholdsSchoolsHealth facilities

- Halve proportion without safely managed

- Progressively eliminate inequalities in access between-Poor and rich-Rural and urban-Slums and formal urban settlements-Disadvantaged groups and general pop

Post-2015 WASH Targets and Indicators: recommendations from international consultations

What is new for Water Supply for Post 2015

MDG Post-2015

% pop using ‘improved source’

% pop using improved source with total collection 30mins or less for roundtrip including queuing

% pop using improved source on premises which delivers sufficient water to meet domestic needs, meets WHO guideline values for E.coli, fluoride and arsenic,

Post-2015 WASH Targets and Indicators: recommendations from international consultations

Target IndicatorsWhat is new for Water Supply for Post 2015

Slide 5

Overall Sanitation Goal

• Everyone uses improved sanitation at home

• 50% of fecal sludge from households, schools and health facilities are safely managed

• Inequalties in access have been progressively reduced

Slide 6

What is New about Post 2015 Sanitation Goal?

An equal partner with Water!

Explicit focus on the poor

Explicit focus on Stopping Open Defecation

Shared sanitation will count

Safe Management of Fecal Sludge – especially for urban poor

Sustainability of sanitation services, facilities and behaviors

Going beyond households to schools and health facilities

Slide 7

What does this mean for how sanitation programs are designed and implemented?

Slide 8

19901992

19941996

19982000

20022004

20062008

20102012

20142016

20182020

20222024

20262028

20302032

20342036

20382040

20422044

20462048

20502052

20542056

20582060

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%2.0%/year

216 million people per year needs to gain access to improved sanitation in order to reach universal access by 2030

Source: WSP analysis based on JMP 2013 estimates

0.72%/year

Universal Access Goal

Globally JMP says that on average, 89 million additional people gain access per year

At this rate based on historical trends, universal access will not be reached until 2063

Target 1: By 2025 no one practices open defecationChanging Community-Wide Behaviors and Social Norms

India

Community-Led Total Sanitation

Behavior Change Communications

+

•Facilitator triggering•Community Ignition

•Formative Research•Mass Media•Community Events•Household visits

An integrated programmatic approach to change community and household behaviors and

increase access and use of sanitation facilities

Slide 11

Target 2: By 2030 all schools and health centres provide all users with adequate sanitation facilities

Slide 12

Target 3: By 2030*, everyone uses adequate sanitation at home

If Business as Usual Continues

WC tosewer

On-site facility

Open defecation

Left to overflow

or abandoned

Safely emptied

Unsafely emptied

Leakage

Effectively treated

Illegally dumped

Not effectively

treated

9%69% 9% 9%

2%

1%

98%

TreatmentReuse/

disposalTransportEmptyingContainment

2%

Residential environment

Drainage system

Receiving waters

1%

Target 4: By 2030*, unsafe excreta management is improved by 50%

Dhaka: population of 7 million = 3.2 million kilos of feces/day

Slide 15

Target 5: All sanitation services are delivered in a progressively affordable, accountable, financially and environmentally sustainable manner.

Slide 16

Hygienic disposal of the stools of children under 5

Lao PDR* Cambodia Timor-Leste Philippines Vietnam* Indonesia0

20

40

60

80

100

UnsafeSafe

Feces Disposal of Rural Children Under Five*Source: Loas MICS/DHS11-12, Cambodia DHS10, Timor-Leste DHS09-10, Philippines DHS08, Vietnam MICS10-11, Indonesia DHS12.Notes: Data not available for Papua New Guinea, and Myanmar *Data for Vietnam and Laos refers to children aged 0-2 years.

Slide 17

Slide 18

75 million rural individuals in EAP were defecating in the Open in 2011

241 227 308 794 1,860

2,671

3,076

5,735

7,904

10,103

41,694

Other EAP countriesMongoliaTimor-LestePapua New GuineaLao People's Democratic RepublicMyanmarViet NamPhilippinesCambodiaChinaIndonesia

Target 1: By 2025 no one practices open defecation

Slide 19

Population Access to Sanitation in CambodiaAlmost 10 million people do not have improved sanitation

10 millionwith out Access to improvedSanitation

Slide 20

Improved Sanitation in Cambodia – NATIONALAn average of 660 thousand people need to gain access

every year to sanitation to reach target by 2030

Source: WSP analysis based on JMP2014 //www.wssinfo.org/data-estimates/table/

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

2016

2018

2020

2022

2024

2026

2028

2030

2032

2034

2036

2038

2040

2042

2044

2046

2048

2050

2052

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Current Rate of Sanitation Improvement(1.55%)

Rate of Sanitation Improvement if Accelerated an Additional 2% (3.55%)

Sanitation MDG Target for 2015

Universal Coverage Target for 2030

Through systemic strengthening of the policy and sector enabling environment and improving service deliv-ery, rates of access for improved sanitation can be accelerated.

1.55%/year will reach 100% by 2060(business as usual)

3.55%/year to reach by 2030

Slide 21

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

2016

2018

2020

2022

2024

2026

2028

2030

2032

2034

2036

2038

2040

2042

2044

2046

2048

2050

2052

2054

2056

2058

2060

2062

2064

2066

2068

2070

2072

2074

2076

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Current Rate of Sanitation Improvement(1.16%)Rate of Sanitation Improvement if Accelerated an Additional 3%(4.16%)Universal Coverage

Through systemic strengthening of the policy and sector enabling environment and improving service deliv-ery, rates of access for improved sanitation can be accelerated.

1.6%per/year to reach 1005 by 2075Business as usual

Improved Sanitation in Cambodia – RURAL

Source: WSP analysis based on JMP2014 //www.wssinfo.org/data-estimates/table/

4.16%/year to reach by 2030

Sanitation in Cambodia

Source: analysis of Cambodia DHS10

Poorest 2nd 3rd 4th Richest0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1 11

30

73

97

1

2

3

3

1

98 87

67

24

1

Sanitation coverage, Cambodia 2010

Open Defecation Unimproved

Improved

% o

f the

pop

ulati

on

2%

98%

Among poorest 40%

Urban

Rural

5.6 million people

Extreme poverty data (as of 2010) and linkage with shared prosperity

Boliv

ia

Haiti

Hond

uras

Nica

ragu

a

Peru

Cam

bodi

a

Indo

nesia

LaoP

DR

Mya

nmar

Papu

a Ne

w G

uine

a

Phili

ppin

es

Tim

or-L

este

Viet

nam

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

EAP and LAC

Benin

Burkina F

aso

Congo Braz

aville DRC

Ethiopia

Kenya

Liberi

aNige

r

Seneg

al

Sierra

Leone

Somali

a

South Su

dan

Tanzan

ia

Uganda

Zambia

Zimbab

we

Bangla

desh India

Pakist

an0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

SSA & SAR

Slide 24

Trends in coverage and equality in rural sanitation – East Asia

-10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

-60%

-50%

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

Philippines

Indonesia

Vietnam

Laos

Cambodia

equality

Increasing coverage Increasing equality

Increasing coverage Decreasing equalityRe

ducti

on in

B40

% v

s T60

% in

equa

lity

(per

cent

age

poin

ts)

Change in coverage with improved sanitation (percentage points)

Rural sanitation

%P increase in coverage*

%P reduction in inequity#

Philippines 24% 4%Indonesia 22% 0%Vietnam 36% -16%Laos 38% -50%

Cambodia 25% -16%Timor-Leste -6% insufficient dataMyanmar 29% insufficient data

*Source: Cambodia DHS05&10; Indonesia DHS02-3,07,12; Laos MICS00,06,12; Philippines DHS03&08; Vietnam MICS00,06,11; #Source: JMP2014

coverage

Annual growth in access to rural sanitation at B40:

Cambodia

2% of people at the B40 had access to rural sanitation in 2014

currently

To reach target need:

0%/year

6.1%/year

20052010

20112012

20132014

20152016

20172018

20192020

20212022

20232024

20252026

20272028

20292030

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

5.6 million people who are in the poorest 40% need to gain access by 2030

Slide 26

New World Bank Dashboard: Visualize Inequality

Picture

Slide 27

Cambodia – management of children’s feces

Slide 28

Slide 29

Stopping Business As Usual Through systemic strengthening of the policy and sector enabling environment and

improving service delivery, rates of access for improved sanitation can be accelerated.