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PROPOSED FAIREWOOD ESTATE RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

GRAHAMSTOWN

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME REPORT

DEDEAT Ref: EC04/C/LN1&3/M/05-2015

Prepared for:

Fairewood Estate Pty (Ltd) Fairewood Nature Reserve

Port Alfred Rd (R67), Stones Hill Grahamstown

Prepared by:

EOH Coastal & Environmental Services GRAHAMSTOWN 67 African Street

046 622 2364 Also in East London, Port Elizabeth, Cape Town and

Johannesburg.

March 2015

EMPr – March 2015

EOH Coastal & Environmental Services i FERD

This Report should be cited as follows: E. Igbinigie & C. Sholto-Douglas. EOH Coastal & Environmental Services, March, 2015: Fairewood Estate Residential Development: Environmental Management Programme Report –, Farm 319; Portion 1, Grahamstown.

COPYRIGHT INFORMATION This document contains intellectual property and propriety information that is protected

by copyright in favour of Coastal & Environmental Services and the specialist consultants. The document may therefore not be reproduced, used or distributed to

any third party without the prior written consent of EOH Coastal & Environmental Services. This document is prepared exclusively for submission to Fairewood Estate

(Pty) Ltd, and is subject to all confidentiality, copyright and trade secrets, rules intellectual property law and practices of South Africa.

EMPr – March 2015

EOH Coastal & Environmental Services ii FERD

AN UNDERTAKING BY THE APPLICANT TO EXECUTE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

I ERIC IGBINIGIE declare that I am an independent consultant and have no business, financial, personal or other interest in the proposed project, in application or appeal in respect of which I was appointed other than fair remuneration for work performed in connection with the activity, application or appeal. There are no circumstances that compromise the objectivity of my performing such work.

SIGNATURE: I CRAIG SHOLTO-DOUGLAS declare that I am an independent consultant and have no business, financial, personal or other interest in the proposed project, in application or appeal in respect of which I was appointed other than fair remuneration for work performed in connection with the activity, application or appeal. There are no circumstances that compromise the objectivity of my performing such work.

SIGNATURE:

EMPr – March 2015

EOH Coastal & Environmental Services iii FERD

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Environmental Management Programme ................................................................ 1 1.2 Application of this Document ................................................................................... 1 1.3 Contents of the Environmental Management Programme ....................................... 1 1.4 Details of Environmental Assessment Practitioner: ................................................. 3

1.4.1 Expertise of the Environmental Assessment Practitioner ................................. 3 1.4.2 Project team .................................................................................................... 3

2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION .................................................................................. 3 2.1 Project Description .................................................................................................. 3 2.2 Project Location ...................................................................................................... 3 2.3 Project Infrastructure ............................................................................................... 5

2.3.1 Housing development ...................................................................................... 5 2.3.2 Roads .............................................................................................................. 5 2.3.3 Water Use ........................................................................................................ 6 2.3.4 Dam construction ............................................................................................. 7 2.3.5 Solid Waste ..................................................................................................... 7 2.3.6 Sewerage ........................................................................................................ 8 2.3.7 Electrical parameters ....................................................................................... 9

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE BASELINE ENVIRONMENT ................................................ 11 3.1 Topography........................................................................................................... 11 3.2 Geology ................................................................................................................ 11 3.3 Climate ................................................................................................................. 11 3.4 Current Land-use .................................................................................................. 12 3.5 Vegetation ............................................................................................................ 12

4. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND GUIDELINES .................................................... 14 4.1 Environmental Policy ............................................................................................ 14 4.2 Environmental Objectives and Targets.................................................................. 14 4.3 Legislative Framework .......................................................................................... 14 4.4 Statutory and Other Applicable Legislation and Standards .................................... 15

5. A SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS .................................................................................................................................... 16

5.1 Construction Phase Summary of Impacts ............................................................. 16 5.2 Operation Phase Summary of Impacts .................................................................. 19

6. ADMINISTRATION AND REGULATION OF ENVIORNMENTAL OBLIGATION ........ 21 6.1 Management Structure ......................................................................................... 21 6.2 Roles and Responsibilities .................................................................................... 21

6.2.1 Applicant/Developer ....................................................................................... 21 6.2.2 Contractor ...................................................................................................... 21 6.2.3 Environmental Control Officer ........................................................................ 21 6.2.4 Environmental Site Officer ............................................................................. 23

6.3 Compliance Monitoring and Corrective Action ....................................................... 24 6.4 Reporting and Review ........................................................................................... 24 6.5 Monitoring ............................................................................................................. 24 6.6 Emergency Preparedness ..................................................................................... 25 6.7 Environmental Incident Management .................................................................... 25 6.8 Management Review ............................................................................................ 25

7. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME .................................................. 37 7.1 Reporting .............................................................................................................. 37

7.1.1 Administration ................................................................................................ 37 7.1.2 Good housekeeping ....................................................................................... 37 7.1.3 Record keeping .............................................................................................. 37

EMPr – March 2015


7.1.4 Document control ........................................................................................... 38 7.2 Environmental Awareness .................................................................................... 38

7.2.1 Monitoring of Environmental Training ............................................................. 39 7.3 Pre-Construction Phase Mitigation ........................................................................ 39

7.3.1 Socio-Economic Mitigation Measures ............................................................ 39 7.3.2 Archaeological / Heritage Mitigation Measures .............................................. 40 7.3.3 Traffic Mitigation Measures ............................................................................ 40

7.4 Construction Phase Mitigation .............................................................................. 41 7.4.1 Construction Activities and Equipment ........................................................... 41 7.4.2 Emergency plan ............................................................................................. 42 7.4.3 Health and safety ........................................................................................... 42 7.4.4 Site access and demarcation ......................................................................... 42 7.4.5 Materials handling, use and storage .............................................................. 43 7.4.6 Stockpiling ..................................................................................................... 44 7.4.7 Waste and pollution management .................................................................. 44 7.4.8 Solid waste management ............................................................................... 44 7.4.9 Water use ...................................................................................................... 44 7.4.10 Contaminated water ....................................................................................... 45 7.4.11 Transportation of Hazardous Substances ...................................................... 45 7.4.12 Hazardous substance management (spent chemicals, oils, paint, grease, cement, lubricants, soaps, fuel etc.) ............................................................................ 45 7.4.13 Cement and concrete batching ...................................................................... 46 7.4.14 Used oil and hydrocarbon contaminated materials ......................................... 46 7.4.15 Ablution facilities ............................................................................................ 46 7.4.16 Safeguarding of the environment, local community and employees against fire risk ...................................................................................................................... 47 7.4.17 Community relations ...................................................................................... 47 7.4.18 Aesthetics ...................................................................................................... 47 7.4.19 Storm water management .............................................................................. 47 7.4.20 Topsoil ........................................................................................................... 48 7.4.21 Erosion and sediment transport ..................................................................... 48 7.4.22 Loss of water resource quality ....................................................................... 49 7.4.23 Excavation, hauling and placement ................................................................ 49 7.4.24 Archaeological / Heritage Mitigation Measures .............................................. 49 7.4.25 Pedestrian and Traffic Safety ......................................................................... 49 7.4.26 Protection of natural features ......................................................................... 50 7.4.27 Clearing of the Site ........................................................................................ 50 7.4.28 Loss of grassland vegetation ......................................................................... 50 7.4.29 Invasion of alien species ................................................................................ 51 7.4.30 Loss of Alien stands ....................................................................................... 51 7.4.31 Loss of Riparian vegetation ............................................................................ 51 7.4.32 Loss of plant species of conservation concern ............................................... 51 7.4.33 Loss of animal species of conservation concern ............................................ 51 7.4.34 Loss of Biodiversity ........................................................................................ 52 7.4.35 Fragmentation of communities and edge effects ............................................ 52 7.4.36 Disturbance to wildlife in the surrounding area ............................................... 52

7.5 Operational Phase Mitigation ................................................................................ 53 7.5.1 Health and safety ........................................................................................... 53 7.5.2 Emergency plan ............................................................................................. 53 7.5.3 Effluent handling/ storm water management .................................................. 53 7.5.4 Sewage sludge .............................................................................................. 53 7.5.5 Waste and pollution management .................................................................. 53 7.5.6 Loss of water resource quality ....................................................................... 54 7.5.7 Erosion and sediment transport ..................................................................... 54

EMPr – March 2015


7.6 Cumulative Impacts .............................................................................................. 54 7.6.1 Loss of the Grassland vegetation ................................................................... 54 7.6.2 Loss of SCC .................................................................................................. 54

7.7 Monitoring and Auditing ........................................................................................ 55 7.7.1 EMPr monitoring ............................................................................................ 55

8. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................ 56 APPENDIX 1: ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS .............................................................. 57 APPENDIX 2: PROJECT TEAM CURRICULUM VITAE .................................................... 48 APPENDIX 3: SPECIALIST DECLARATION ..................................................................... 55

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2-1: Locality map for the proposed Fairewood Estate Residential development ......... 4 Figure 2-2: Proposed Fairewood Residential Estate Site Map & Layout .............................. 10 Figure 3-1: Vegetation map with a 32m buffer around the drainage line. ........................ 13

LIST OF PLATES

Plate 3-1: Photographs illustrating the general topography of the area ............................... 11

EOH Coastal & Environmental Services iv FERD

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

AADD The Annual Average Daily Water Demand

CES Coastal & Environmental Services

DEDEAT Department of Economic Development, Environmental Affairs and Tourism

DWAF Department of Water Affairs and Forestry

DWS Department of Water and Sanitation

EAP Environmental Assessment Practitioner

ECBCP Eastern Cape Biodiversity Conservation Plan

ECO Environmental Control Officer

EMPr Environmental Management Programme

ESO Environmental Site Officer

FERD Fairewood Estate Residential Development FERD

HR Human Resources

I&APs Interested and Affected Parties

IEMP Integrated Environmental Management Plans/Programs

KPIs Key Performance Indicators

MASL Metres Above Sea Level

NWA National Water Act

SAHRA South African Heritage Resources Agency

SANRAL South African National Roads Agency

SMMEs Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises

EOH Coastal & Environmental Services 1 FERD

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Environmental Management Programme The purpose of this Environmental Management Programme (EMPr) is to ensure ‘good environmental practice’ by taking a holistic approach to the management of environmental impacts during the construction and operation of the Fairewood Estate Residential Development (FERD). This EMPr therefore sets out the methods by which proper environmental controls are to be implemented by the applicant and his nominated contractor. However, where necessary, these methods have been expanded upon and additional issues addressed in order to ensure that all environmental aspects are appropriately considered and monitored. It is important to note that this EMPr is focused primarily on the construction and operational phases of the project. Due to the projected lifespan of the project, a detailed Site Closure and Decommissioning has not been included in this volume as it is not intended for a project of this nature. Design specifications from an environmental point of view were taken into consideration, the Environmental Assessment Practitioner (EAP) have provided input with regard to possible mitigation measures for reducing environmental impacts. This EMPr has been designed to suit the particular activities and needs of the FERD, and incorporates specific project mitigation measures. This EMPr therefore identifies the following:

Construction and operation activities that will impact on the environment;

Specifications with which the contractor shall comply in order to protect the environment from the identified impacts; and

Actions that shall be taken in the event of non-compliance. It is important to note that the EMPr is a dynamic document subject to similar influences and changes as are brought by variations to the provisions of the project specification. Any substantial changes shall be submitted to the contractor, resident engineer, Fairewood Estate (Pty) Ltd and relevant environmental authorities in writing for approval.

1.2 Application of this Document In order to ensure a systematic and robust approach to the management of environmental impacts during the refurbishment and operation phases of the residential development and associated infrastructure and to prevent long-term or permanent environmental degradation as a result thereof, this EMPr:

Specifies requirements and procedures for monitoring, auditing and reporting.

Acts as a Monitoring and Auditing Reference Tool for ensuring compliance with the provisions of the EMPr.

Makes provision for review of the EMPr. All management actions necessary to address the various components of the project during all phases of operation and rehabilitation as described in this EMPr have been included

1.3 Contents of the Environmental Management Programme The contents of an EMPr, shown below, are contained in Appendix 4 of the NEMA EIA Regulations 982 of 2014.


1. (1) An EMPr must comply with section 24N of the Act and include-

(a) details of - (i) the EAP who prepared the EMPr; and (ii) the expertise of that EAP to prepare an EMPr, including a curriculum vitae; (b) a detailed description of the aspects of the activity that are covered by the EMPr as

identified by the project description; (c) a map at an appropriate scale which superimposes the proposed activity, its associated

structures, and infrastructure on the environmental sensitivities of the preferred site, indicating any areas that any areas that should be avoided, including buffers;

(d) a description of the impact management objectives, including management statements, identifying the impacts and risks that need to be avoided, managed and mitigated as identified through the environmental impact assessment process for all phases of the development including -

(i) planning and design; (ii) pre-construction activities; (iii) construction activities; (iv) rehabilitation of the environment after construction and where applicable post closure;

and (v) where relevant, operation activities; (e) a description and identification of impact management outcomes required for the aspects

contemplated in paragraph (d); (f) a description of proposed impact management actions, identifying the manner in which the

impact management objectives and outcomes contemplated in paragraphs (d) and (e) will be achieved, and must, where applicable, include actions to -

(i) avoid, modify, remedy, control or stop any action, activity or process which causes pollution or environmental degradation;

(ii) comply with any prescribed environmental management standards or practices; (iii) comply with any applicable provisions of the Act regarding closure, where applicable;

and (iv) comply with any provisions of the Act regarding financial provisions for rehabilitation,

where applicable; (g) the method of monitoring the implementation of the impact management actions

contemplated in paragraph (f); (h) the frequency of monitoring the implementation of the impact management actions

contemplated in paragraph (f); (i) an indication of the persons who will be responsible for the implementation of the impact

management actions; (j) the time periods within which the impact management actions contemplated in paragraph

(f) must be implemented; (k) the mechanism for monitoring compliance with the impact management actions

contemplated in paragraph (f); (l) a program for reporting on compliance, taking into account the requirements as prescribed

by the Regulations; (m) an environmental awareness plan describing the manner in which - (i) the applicant intends to inform his or her employees of any environmental risk which

may result from their work; and (ii) risks must be dealt with in order to avoid pollution or the degradation of the

environment; and (n) any specific information that may be required by the competent authority.


1.4 Details of Environmental Assessment Practitioner: EOH Coastal & Environmental Services 67 African Street, Grahamstown PO Box 934, Grahamstown, 6140 Tel: (046) 622 2365 Fax: (046) 622 6564 e-mail: [email protected] www.cesnet.co.za 1.4.1 Expertise of the Environmental Assessment Practitioner

EOH Coastal & Environmental Services (CES) specialises in Impact Assessment and Environmental Management. Since our establishment in 1990, CES has grown into one of the largest specialist environmental consulting companies in South Africa. We believe that a balance between development and environmental protection can be achieved by skilful, considerate and careful project planning, the development and implementation of comprehensive and robust environmental monitoring programmes and regular and careful auditing of performance against relevant standards. The primary purposes of such monitoring and auditing, which may cover both the construction and operational phases of a project, are to ensure that the residual environmental impacts of a development are minimised and that deviations from the required standards of environmental performances are identified and remedied. The development, implementation and interpretation of environmental monitoring programmes and environmental and social auditing require a sound understanding of the relevant standards of performance as well as the affected biophysical and social systems and a comprehension and critically assess of monitoring data. In addition to the above, auditing often requires an ability to understand the technical details of a broad range of industrial operations and Environmental Management Systems. With our in-house experience in terrestrial, marine and freshwater ecology, Social Impact Assessments (SIAs) and waste management, CES is well-placed to provide such services. CES has an enviable record of developing and implementing environmental procedures as well as designing and auditing management systems, including ISO 14001 EMS. We also have a demonstrated ability to develop and implement Integrated Environmental Management Plans/Programs (IEMP) with customised standard operating procedures for large and complex projects. Many of these environmental monitoring programmes have been rigorously reviewed by parties such as the World Bank, MIGA, European Investment Bank, IFC and the African Development Bank which have confirmed our reputation for producing quality products. CES staff are all exceptionally well qualified with many being recognised experts in their particular discipline. Several of our staff hold PhD degrees and most have post-graduate qualifications in the environmental sciences with both national and international certifications. 1.4.2 Project team

The following members formed the core team for the EMPr. Curriculum Vitae and

Declarations by the team are attached in Appendix 2 and 3, respectively.


Dr Eric E Igbinigie Pr.Sci.Nat. Role: Project Manager / Report Production Eric holds a PhD in Environmental Biotechnology, a registered Professional Natural Scientist (Pr.Sci.Nat.) and a certified EMS ISO 14001:2004 Auditor (IRCA). He is a seasoned environmental consultant with project experience in different industry sectors across Africa including mining, oil and gas, agro-industry and water/effluent treatment facilities in developing countries financed by Equator Principles Financial Institutions such as the IFC, AFC, FMO, SWEDFUND, DEG and AfDB. Eric’s areas of expertise include Scoping and EIA, Integrated Waste Management Plans, IFC Performance Standards on E&S Sustainability (2012) compliance assessment, EMS ISO 14001:2004, Waste and Wastewater Impact/Quality Assessment, Bioremediation and Environmental Site Assessment (Phases I, II & III). Apart from his wealth of experience as an environmental consultant, he has an outstanding record in research and academic scholarship with Rhodes University, yielding sound scholarly publications and a patented technology for the rehabilitation and re-vegetation of coal mined land, which is currently in use in South Africa. Mr Craig Sholto-Douglas Role: Reports and Public Participation Craig holds a BSc (EnvSci and Zoology) and a BSc (Hons) in Environmental Science. He is currently completing his MSc in Environmental Science, focusing on factors influencing survivorship of Portulacariaafra (Spekboom) cuttings, in attempts to restore degraded lands in the Greater Addo Elephant National Park. Craig has consulting experience in the restoration ecology and natural resource management fields, with focus on the Subtropical Thicket Restoration Project (STRP). His academic background includes courses in Urban Forestry and Greening, Non-Timber Forest Products, Community-Based Natural Resource Management and G.I.S.


2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION

2.1 Project Description Fairewood Estate (Pty) Ltd proposes to develop 104 housing units on Farm portion 319/1. The proposed FERD is located 7km South East of Grahamstown in the Makana Municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa and is accessed from the R67 (Port Alfred Road) (Figure 2-1). The farm portion, together with adjoining farms (totalling 150 ha) has been game fenced and stocked with a variety of wildlife, and is used for environmental education purposes. The wildlife includes Blesbok, Bushbuck, Duiker, Eland, Impala, Kudu, Ostrich, Red Hartebeest, Mountain Reedbuck, Springbok and Zebra. The area currently does not fall within the Grahamstown Urban Edge. Civil services such as road access, water supply, sewerage and solid waste management facilities will need to be provided for the development. In terms of regulations published in the National Environmental Management Act, 1998 (Act No. 107 of 1998), as amended in 2006 and the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations of 4 December 2014, Environmental Authorisation (EA) is required for the proposed development. Activities associated with the proposed residential housing development require the completion of a Basic Environmental Assessment. EOH Coastal & Environmental Services (Pty) Ltd has been appointed by Fairewood Estate (Pty) Ltd to conduct the Basic Assessment. The application for EA will be submitted to the Department of Economic Development, Environmental Affairs and Tourism (DEDEAT).

2.2 Project Location The proposed FERD is located on Portion 1 of Farm No. 319/1, 7km South East of Grahamstown in the Makana Municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa and is accessed from the R67 (Port Alfred Road). The co-ordinates of the proposed site are as follows:

33°19'30.00"S - 26°33'23.00"E


Figure 2-1: Locality map for the proposed Fairewood Estate Residential development


2.3 Project Infrastructure

The farm portion is 11 ha in size with 7 existing housing units. The proposed footprint of the development will be approximately 6.11 ha which includes mixed housing of high income and middle income residences and associated infrastructure such as access roads, driveways, parking bays, water treatment infrastructures. The 6.11 hectares is made up of 8 residential areas varying in size from 0.56 hectares to 0.88 hectares, covering a footprint of 5.42 hectares. Plot sizes will range from 386m² to 921m², with each plot restricted to a housing coverage of 160m². The proposed housing coverage will not exceed 1.7 hectares.

The project development will include: 2.3.1 Housing development The proposed construction of 104 housing units on Farm portion 319/1 is outside the Grahamstown Urban Edge. 7 units are present within the development footprint and will form part of the development. The development will be sub-divide into different zones, with each zone designated as group housing. The size of each zone will determine the number of stands and residential homes to be developed on each. The proponent wants to advance the development to the stage where each zones (1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 11 and 13) can be sold to different developers in the area so that they can complete the building phase of the project. Bulk services will be installed to the boundary of each zone and in the common areas, as necessary, to achieve this objective. In order to ensure an eco-friendly development with emphasis on ‘Living with Nature’ appeal of the property, architectural guidelines will be created to establish the style and maintain an overall design of the development. An overall master plan with a unique cohesive architectural character will be developed. This will include attractive landscaping, creating green belts, scenic walking trails, areas of natural fynbos and tranquil streams as well as settler style homes that reflect the sense of place and history of Grahamstown and the surrounding area. The zones and plots will be sold on a freehold basis and a home owners association will be established to manage the common areas of the estate and enforce the overall rules of the development.

2.3.2 Roads Roads in the Fairewood Estate have been planned to have 10m wide servitude. Currently there is an existing access road linking the Fairewood Estate to the R67 regional road linking Grahamstown to Port Alfred. The right of way servitude is legally registered against the title deeds of the leased property RE/1 in favour of Fairewood Portion 1 of 309 and Len Kruiskamp (the applicant) RE309. The existing access road is approximately 880m long and was previously bitumen surfaced although the surfacing is completely broken and has basically disappeared. The existing access road will need to be repaired and surfaced in order to provide all weather access to the development. It is proposed that the road will be built within the footprint of existing access road in order to minimize disturbance to natural vegetation. After considering the various pavement structures and surfacing options it is recommended that the roadway will be surfaced with concrete block pavers, with the attendant storm water drainage structures consisting of inlet and outlet structures, concrete storm water pipes and culverts, as well as gabions and Reno mattresses being provided. Due to the steep nature of the site close attention should be taken with regards to the management of the surface stormwater runoff in order to avoid erosion.


A 2m high by 2m wide type SAR Rectangular portal concrete culvert will be installed over the stream crossing at an unnamed tributary of the Blaauwkrans River. The access road will be 4.5 metres wide with the proposed design pavement structure as follows:

60mm: 25MPa interlocking concrete block pavers.

150mm: Sub base course – G5 natural gravel or in situ road bed preparation (rip, shape

and compact), where required.

Road construction material will be acquired from commercial sources.

2.3.3 Water Use The proposed development will include group housing and dwelling houses which are classified as middle to high income development respectively. The annual average daily water demand (AADD) for such development is estimated to be 1 200 litres per house per day. The water demand for the development, calculated as per the Guidelines for Human Settlement Planning and Design, is shown below;

Average daily water demand per housing unit: 1 200 l/day

Number of units: 111

Total average daily water demand for the development: 133 200 l/day

Peak Demand factor 4

Peak demand 6.2l/s

Fairewood Estate proposes that potable water for the development be supplied from a combination of a number of sources that include the one existing borehole (33°19’33.8” S, 026°33’21.2” E) within the development, the existing perennial natural spring on the high ground to the south of the Fairewood Estate feeding three existing dams located within the development. These water sources will also be augmented by rain water harvesting where each house will be expected to harvest and store at least 20m3 of rainwater. The spring source has an estimated flow rate in excess of 0.5l/s. The combination of the proposed water sources is adequate to meet the water demand for the development, estimated and presented as per the water demand table above. The anticipated contribution of the various sources is provided below.

SOURCE Quantity Supplied

1 existing borehole supplying 18m3 per day 18m3/day

20m3 harvested rain water stored at each of 111 units 6m3/day

3 existing dams impounding surface runoff and spring flow 109.2m3/day

TOTAL 133.2m3/day

In addition, it is also proposed to recycle the grey water for re-use, thereby reducing the demand on the fresh water. It is anticipated that as much as 500litres will be generated as grey water and recycled per housing unit thereby contributing 55.5m3/day. Surface and spring water impounded in the dams will be treated to make it potable and this will be done using package water treatment plants that are readily available on the market. A typical package plant that is suitable for this purpose is the Veolia Actiflo Turbo plant. Only one unit capable of treating up to 100m³ per day will be installed at the north east end of the


development. The treated water and the water from the boreholes will be pumped into a 260m³ elevated storage that will command all areas of consumption within the development.

The availability of civil bulk services for the proposed development has been assessed by MBB. The assessment confirmed the availability of water to support the development. The bulk water storage was sized at approximately 2 days’ supply as well as for firefighting storage requirements as per the guideline standards. From the storage reservoir the water will be gravity fed via 90mm diameter HDPE mains to the houses.

The internal water reticulation system for the proposed development will be 90mm diameter HDPE pipes to enable the installation of fire hydrants in the reticulation, with 50mm diameter take offs to service the individual house zones. The water supply pipelines will, for as much as is possible, be located along the roads in order to minimize clearing vegetation and also for ease of access for maintenance purposes.

2.3.4 Dam construction Three existing dams (dams 2, 3 and 4) will be reinforced and used for surface water abstraction. The upgrade will not exceed 100m2 of combined surface areas. Dams 3 and 4 lies within the proposed project development, while a portion of dam 2 lies in the neighboring property (RE/24/316). It is proposed that during the installation of bulk water services, dam 4 will be sculpted to feed into dam 3 and subsequently into dam 2 from where water will be abstracted for treatment and potable use. The existing walls of dam 3 we will be strengthened by means of gabions and the area sculpted to create an aesthetically pleasing landscape as part of the overall site concept. The overflow from dam 3 will feed into dam 2. A new dam wall will be constructed at dam 2 with the use of gabions. The use of gabion will negate the use of spillways for the discharge of excess water when the dams fill up, as this water will be discharged over the gabions at dam 3 and travel down the watercourse to dam 2. When dam 2 fills up this water will once again be discharged over the gabions into the streams of the Blaaukrans river and eventually into the Kowie river in the north and on to the sea. Due to the water holding capacity and close proximity to the potable water treatment plant, dam 2 (with an average depth of 1m by 20m wide and 50m long holding 1 000m3 of water) will serve as the main water reservoir feeding the treatment plant. Dams 1 and 5 are not part of the development and are not included in this application.

2.3.5 Solid Waste The proposed development will produce solid waste in the form of building rubble such as excavated soil and vegetation and excess concrete, bricks, etc. and general waste such as litter during the construction phase. All construction waste will be removed from site, by the contractors, and disposed of at the nearest registered waste disposal site (Makana Municipality). During the operational phase solid waste will mainly consist of general household wastes. It is difficult to provide an estimate of the total quantity of general household solid waste likely to be generated during this phase of the project. According to the World Bank Technical Paper No. 426 (Rushbrook and Pugh, 1999), the estimated rate of generation of domestic waste in developing countries is approximately 0.5kg per person per day, at an estimated density of 151kg/m3. Based on the above estimates, a construction workforce of 102 individuals (maximum) could generate approximately ~51kg of solid domestic waste per day, which equates to ~0.34m3 of


solid waste generated per day. During the operational phase, it is anticipated that the proposed development will house 222 person (given that 2 person will reside in each household) and will generate an estimated 111kg (~0.74m3) of solid waste per day equating to ~777kg (~5.2m3) a week.The general household waste will be collected by the municipal contractor and disposed of at the registered waste disposal site on a weekly basis.

2.3.6 Sewerage The sewage effluent emanating from the proposed development is estimated at 126.5m3/day (approximately 46 300 m³ per annum). The sewage effluent needs to be treated to an acceptable quality before being discharged into the natural environment. Some of the treated waste water and grey water will be recycled for reuse. The sewage treatment will be accomplished by using two waste water treatment package plants that are readily available on the market. The typical treated effluent quality report is appended to this report.

The choice of the sewage treatment method selected for the development was largely influenced by thetype of geology of the site which is mostly underlain by impervious rock. Due to the unsuitable subsoil nature of the site it is not advisable to use septic tanks and soak-aways for the treatment of sewage. The effluent from the septic tanks cannot be discharged onto the ground surface and needs to percolate into the ground which is rendered virtually impossible by the shallow underlying impervious rock. Attempting to discharge the liquid waste into the ground will result in swampy and unsanitary conditions developing on the site. Package treatment plants are preferred to other treatment options because they are compact and the other sewage treatment options would require relatively large tracts of land on which to be constructed, the land which is not available within the Fairewood Estate. The terrain and geology would also militate against the construction of a single sewage plant as it would become necessary to pump sewage from other zones to the common sewage treatment plant. It is therefore proposed to install two plants, each capable of treating 70m³ of sewage per day. The treated effluent will be discharged in the water courses adjacent to the water treatment plants at acceptable effluent discharge quality as prescribed in the General Authorisations (Gov. Gazette NO. 20526 8 Oct. 1999). However, the preferred option is to recycle the treated effluent.

After considering the various sewage treatment package plants on the market (such as The Lilliput™ system, The Biolytic Filter, Biogas digesters) MBB recommends the use of the LILLIPUT™ sewage treatment system. This system allows for the anaerobic digestion of solids in the sewage into soluble compounds via a digester, the removal of nutrients via the bioreactor and the disinfection of the effluent prior to discharge into the water courses. Performance evaluation carried out by various authorities on the existing Lilliput sewage plants indicate that the quality of effluent from this treatment system consistently adheres to requirements of the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (DWAF) General Authorization Limits final discharge standards and allows for the direct effluent discharge into natural water courses. Arrangements are currently underway with the Makana Municipality on an as “required basis” for the collection and disposal of the very low volumes of sludge that would be generated from the sewage treatment plants.


2.3.7 Electrical parameters

The Makana Municipality has calculated an operational load requirement of 550 KVA for the proposed development. Manelec Services (Pty) Ltd have confirmed that this about would be sufficient to serve the electrical requirements of the proposed development. A provision for a 20% reserve has been made. The electrical service will be supplied using existing power cables which feed the property.

The proposed layout of the development can be found below in Figure 3-2.


Figure 2-2: Proposed Fairewood Residential Estate Site Map & Layout


3. DESCRIPTION OF THE BASELINE ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Topography The project site is characterised by low rounded hills and mountains. The elevation ranges from 500 to 560 metres above sea level (asl). The project site is north facing in most areas, with relatively steep (1 in 8) slopes surrounding large areas of flat land. The steeper areas are characterised by rocky outcrops, while the lower areas consist of flat grasslands. Plate 4-1 illustrates the general topography of the project site.

Plate 3-1: Photographs illustrating the general topography of the area

3.2 Geology The project site consists mainly of quartzite and quartzitic sandstone derived from the Dwyka Group and Lake Mentz Subgroup of the Witteberg Formation. These quartzites are overlain by fine-grained shales and thin sandstones. The soils are generally weakly developed, rocky and shallow.

3.3 Climate The area normally receives approximately 466mm of rainfall per year and because it receives most of its rainfall during winter it has a Mediterranean climate. The lowest rainfall (16mm) occurs in July and the highest (57mm) in March. The monthly distribution of average daily maximum temperatures indicates that the average midday temperatures range from


18.9°C in July to 26.8°C in February. The region is the coldest during July with average temperatures 5.6°C during the night.

3.4 Current Land-use The project area (6.11 hectares) is part of a larger eco-reserve with adjoining farms (totalling 150 ha). The eco-reserve has been fenced and stocked with a variety of wildlife, and is used for environmental education purposes. The reserve is stocked with Blesbok, Bushbuck, Duiker, Eland, Impala, Kudu, Ostrich, Red Hartebeest, Mountain Reedbuck, Springbok and Zebra.Facilities within the eco-reserve include;

An outdoor education and recreation centre, including boma and ablution facilities, water and electricity;

A community centre;

Several short trails for hikers, botanists and birdwatchers; and

Eco-Centre accommodation The following courses are offered by the eco-reserve;

Orienteering;

Animal identification course;

Skydiving (outsourced);

Teepee Abseiling Frame;

Zip Wire;

High ropes course; and

Survival courses

The project area currently has seven existing dwellings, including an operational Kennel.

3.5 Vegetation This vegetation type occurs in the Eastern Cape Province, from Baroe to Kapriverberge which is east of Grahamstown. It is associated with low rounded hills and mountains and supports low to medium-high, closed, ericoid shrubland or grassland with a closed restioid and/or grass understory. This vegetation type is characterised by Grassy fynbos which is interspersed with localised patches of dense proteoid and ericaceous fynbos (Mucina and Rutherford, 2006). It is classified as LEAST THREATENED, with a conservation target of 30%. It is statutorily conserved in the Greater Addo Elephant National Park (15%) and an additional 16% in a number of private reserves. Although the proposed project area is classified as a CBA 1 by the Eastern Cape Biodiversity Conservation Plan (ECBCP), the site visit conducted (10 February 2015) showed that this area has been severely transformed with little natural vegetation and endemic species remaining in the area. An exception is the vegetation found near the stream which is fairly intact and considered to be in moderate condition. Poor land management practices/land use in the project area has resulted in it becoming infested with alien invasive species such Acacia Longifolia and Acacia mearnsii. Alien invasive species were found to occur throughout the project area from the grassland areas, to the “unnatural forest vegetation” which had tall stands of Alien invasive species forming a closed canopy to the vegetation along the drainage lines. The area is transformed and currently adds very little conservation value due to the infestation by alien invasive species. Three vegetation types were found to occur in the project area namely grassland, stands of alien invasive species forming a closed canopy and riparian vegetation along the drainage lines (Figure 3-1).


Figure 3-1: Vegetation map with a 32m buffer around the drainage line.


4. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND GUIDELINES

4.1 Environmental Policy The Contractor is required to compile an environmental management policy, which must consider the following:

The Contractor’s mission, vision and core values;

Guiding principles;

The need to work towards continual improvement;

The obligation to prevent pollution and ecological degradation;

The importance of coordination with other organisational policies (e.g. quality, occupational health and safety, etc.);

Reference to specific local and/or regional conditions; and

A commitment to compliance with relevant environmental laws, regulations, by-laws and other criteria to which the Contractor subscribes.

The policy, once approved by Fairewood Estate (Pty) Limited, must be communicated to all employees and contractors (and sub-contractors) of the Contractor, and made available to the public, if requested.

4.2 Environmental Objectives and Targets In order to meet the commitments detailed within the environmental policy, as well as those included within the environmental specifications of this EMPr, the Contractor shall develop environmental objectives and targets. The objectives and targets shall conform to, and comply with, the following criteria:

The objectives and targets shall constitute the overall goals for environmental performance identified in the environmental policy and strategy.

When establishing objectives and targets, the Contractor shall take into account the identified environmental aspects and associated environmental impacts, as well as the relevant findings from environmental reviews and/audits.

The targets must be set to achieve objectives within a specified timeframe.

Targets should be specific and measurable.

When the objectives and targets are set, the Contractor must establish measurable Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). These KPIs will be used by the Contractor as the basis for an environmental performance evaluation system and can provide information on both the environmental management and the operational systems. Objectives and targets shall apply broadly across the Contractor’s operations, as well as to site-specific and individual activities.

Objectives and targets shall be reviewed from time to time in view of changed operational circumstances and/or changes in environmental legal requirements, and shall also take into consideration the views of interested and affected parties (I&APs).

4.3 Legislative Framework Construction must be according to the best industry practices, as identified in the project documents. This EMPr, which forms an integral part of the contract documents, informs the contractor as to his duties in the fulfilment of the project objectives, with particular reference to the prevention and mitigation of environmental impacts caused by construction activities associated with the project. The Contractor should note that obligations imposed by the approved EMPr are legally binding in terms of environmental statutory legislation and in


terms of the additional conditions to the general conditions of contract that pertain to this project. In the event that any rights and obligations contained in this document contradict those specified in the standard or project specifications then the latter shall prevail.

4.4 Statutory and Other Applicable Legislation and Standards The Contractor shall identify and comply with all South African national and provincial environmental legislation, including associated regulations and all local by-laws relevant to the project. Key legislation currently applicable to the design, construction and implementation phases of the project must be complied with. The list of applicable legislation provided below is intended to serve as a guideline only and is not exhaustive:-

The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act 108 of 1996

National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1998

National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act 57 of 2003

National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act 10 of 2004

National Water Act 36 of 1998

Hazardous Substances Act 15 of 1973

Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Act 45 of 1965

National Dust Control Regulation DEA 2013

National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act 39 of 2004

National Environmental Management: Waste Management Act 59 of 2008

Health Act 63 of 1977

Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 of 1993

Conservation of Agricultural Resources Act No. 43 of 1983

Environmental Conservation Act No. 73 of 1989

National Heritage Resources Act No. 25 of 1999

LED Strategy Part II: Strategic Development Framework Makana Municipality 2009

Makana Municipality Integrated Development Plan 2014-2015

The Contractor shall establish and maintain procedures to keep track of, document and ensure compliance with environmental legislative changes.


5. A SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS

This section provides a summary of an assessment of the pre-mitigation significance as well as the post-mitigation significance of the social and environmental impacts that may result from the major activities associated with the development. In terms of rating of potential environmental impacts, the standard CES rating system was applied (see section Appendix 2) and the specific context of the proposed project was taken into consideration.

5.1 Construction Phase Summary of Impacts

Impact

Effect Risk or Likelihood

Overall Significance Temporal Scale Spatial Scale

Severity of Impact

ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS

Impact 1: Loss of Grassland Vegetation

Without Mitigation

Medium term Study Area Slight Definite LOW-

With Mitigation

Short term Localised Slight Definite LOW-

No-Go

Without mitigation

Long term Study area Slight May occur LOW-

Impact 2: Loss of Alien stands

Without Mitigation

Short term Study Area Slight Definite LOW+

With Mitigation

Long term Study Area Moderate beneficial Definite MODERATE +

No-Go

Without mitigation

Long term Study area Moderate Definite HIGH-

Impact 3: Loss of Riparian vegetation

Without Mitigation

Permanent Study Area Moderate Definite MODERATE-

With Mitigation

Permanent Study Area Slight Definite LOW -

No-Go

Without mitigation

Long term Study area Slight May Occur LOW-

Impact 4: Loss of plant species of conservation concern

Without Mitigation

Permanent Study Area Moderate Definite MODERATE-

With Mitigation

Permanent Localised Slight Probable LOW-

No-Go

Without Long term Study area Slight May Occur LOW-


Impact



Severity of Impact

mitigation

Impact 5: Loss of animal species of conservation concern

Without Mitigation

Long Term Study Area Moderate Definite MODERATE-

With Mitigation

Long Term Study Area Slight Definite LOW-

No-Go

Without mitigation

Long term Study area Slight Unlikely LOW-

Impact 6: Loss of Biodiversity

Without mitigation

Permanent Study area Slight Definite LOW-

With mitigation

Permanent Study area Slight Definite LOW-

No-Go

Without mitigation

Long term Regional Slight Probable LOW -

Impact 7a): The pollution of the watercourses (debirs and fill)

Without mitigation

Short Local Moderate Definite MODERATE -

With mitigation

Short Local Slight Probable LOW -

No-Go

Without mitigation

Long term Study area Slight

(Beneficial) Probable LOW +

Impact 7b): The pollution of the watercourses (concrete, fuel and oil)

Without mitigation

Medium Study Area Severe Probable HIGH-

With mitigation

Short Study Area Slight Probable MODERATE -

No-Go

Without mitigation

Short Local Moderate Positive

Probable MODERATE +

Impact 8: Fragmentation of communities and edge effects

Without mitigation

Long term Study Area Moderate Probable MODERATE-

With mitigation

Long term Study area Slight Probable LOW-

No-Go

Without mitigation

Long term Study area Slight

(Beneficial) Probable LOW -

Impact 9: Disturbance to wildlife in the surrounding area

Without Mitigation

Short Term Study Area Moderate Definite MODERATE-

With Mitigation

Short Term Study Area Slight May occur LOW-


Impact



Severity of Impact

No-Go

With or without mitigation

Long term Study area Moderate

(beneficial) Probable LOW +

SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS

Impact 1: Employment Opportunities Without

Mitigation Short-term Localised Beneficial Definite LOW +

With Mitigation

Short-term Localised Very beneficial Definite HIGH +

No-Go With or without

mitigation No affect

Impact 2: Promoting Local Economic Development

Without Mitigation

Short-term Localised Slightly

beneficial Probable LOW +

With Mitigation

Short-term Localised Beneficial Probable MED +

No-Go General Impact

No Change – existing status will not be affected

Impact 3: Altering the landscape and People’s Sense of Place

Without Mitigation

Short-term Study area Slight Unlikely LOW -

With Mitigation

Short-term Study area Slight Unlikely LOW -

No-Go

General Impact


ARCHAEOLOGICAL / HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Impact 1: Loss of historical heritage

Without Mitigation

Short term Regional severe Probable MEDIUM -

With Mitigation

Short term Localised Severe Unlikely LOW -

No-Go

General Impact


TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Construction phase The delivery of material and personnel to the project site during the construction phase will result in a large increase in traffic volumes at the intersection. This will be exacerbated but the fact that many of these vehicles will be slow moving construction vehicles. Without mitigation

Short term Localised Moderate May occur MODERATE


Impact



Severity of Impact

With mitigation

Short term Localised Slight Unlikely LOW-

No-Go Should the project not go ahead, the construction phase will not occur and the intersection in its current form will continue to exist.

Long term Localised Slight Unlikely LOW-

5.2 Operation Phase Summary of Impacts

Impact Effect

Risk or Likelihood

Total Score Temporal Scale Spatial Scale

Severity of Impact

ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS

Impact 11: Invasion of alien species

Without mitigation

Permanent Study area Severe Probable MODERATE -

With mitigation

Long Term Localised Moderately (beneficial)

Probable LOW+

No-Go

Without mitigation

Permanent Study area Moderate Probable HIGH -

SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS

Impact 1: Employment Opportunities Without

Mitigation Permanent Localised

Slight beneficial

Probable LOW +

With Mitigation

Permanent Localised Beneficial Probable MED +

No-Go With or without

mitigation No affect

Impact 2: Promoting Local Economic Development

Without Mitigation

Medium-term Localised Slightly

beneficial Probable LOW +

With Mitigation

Medium-term Localised Beneficial Probable MED +

No-Go General Impact


Impact 3: Altering the landscape and People’s Sense of Place

Without Mitigation

Long-term Study area Slight Unlikely LOW -

With Mitigation

Long-term Study area Slight Unlikely LOW -

No-Go

General No Change – existing status will not be affected


Impact Effect

Risk or Likelihood

Total Score Temporal Scale Spatial Scale

Severity of Impact

Impact

ARCHAEOLOGICAL / HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Impact 1: Loss of historical heritage

Without Mitigation

Short term Regional Severe Unlikely LOW -

With Mitigation

Short term Localised Severe Unlikely LOW -

No-Go

General Impact


TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT

The entrance and exit of an estimated 222 vehicles per day from the intersection would be hazardous if the intersection were to remain in its current form.

Without

mitigation Permanent Localised Slight May occur MODERATE

With

mitigation Permanent Localised Moderate Unlikely LOW

No-Go Should the project not go ahead, the operation phase will not occur and the intersection in its current form will continue to exist. Long term Localised Slight Unlikely LOW


6. ADMINISTRATION AND REGULATION OF ENVIORNMENTAL OBLIGATION

6.1 Management Structure In line with this EMPr, the contractor must prepare a document clearly outlining and demonstrating the environmental responsibilities, accountability and liability of the contractor’s employees. The contractor must assign responsibilities for the following:

Reporting structures;

Actions to be taken to ensure compliance;

Overall design, development and implementation of the EMPr;

Documenting the environmental policy and strategy;

Implementing the EMPr in all stages/phases of the project; and

All the aspects which require action under the other core elements and sub-elements of the EMPr.

All official communication and reporting lines including instructions, directives and information need to be channelled according to the organisation structure.

6.2 Roles and Responsibilities 6.2.1 Applicant/Developer The applicant is the responsible entity for monitoring the implementation of the EMPr and compliance with the authorisation. However, if the company appoints a contractor to implement the project and hence implement the proposed mitigation measures documented in this EMPr on their behalf, then the successful contractor’s responsibilities are outlined as per the section that follows. 6.2.2 Contractor The successful contractor shall:

Be responsible for the finalisation of the EMPr in terms of methodologies which are required to be implemented to achieve the environmental specifications contained herein and the relevant requirements contained in the EA;

Be responsible for the overall implementation of the EMPr in accordance with the requirements of the developer and the EA;

Ensure that all third parties who carry out all or part of the contractor’s obligations under the contract comply with the requirements of this EMPr;

Ensure that the appointments of the Environmental Control Officer (ECO) are subject to the approval of the developer.

6.2.3 Environmental Control Officer For the purposes of implementing the conditions contained herein, the contractor shall appoint an Environmental Control Officer (ECO) for the contract. The ECO shall be the responsible person for ensuring that the provisions of the EMPr as well as the EA are complied with during the construction period. The ECO will be responsible for issuing instructions to the contractor and where environmental considerations call for action to be


taken. The ECO shall submit regular written reports to the applicant and the environmental authority (DEDEAT) as required. The ECO will be responsible for the monitoring, reviewing and verifying of compliance with the EMPr and conditions of the EA by the contractor. The ECO’s duties in this regard will include, inter alia, the following:

Confirming that all the EAs and permits required in terms of the applicable legislation have been obtained prior to construction commencing;

Monitoring and verifying that the EMPr, EA and contract are adhered to at all times and taking action if specifications are not followed;

Monitoring and verifying that environmental impacts are kept to a minimum;

Reviewing and approving construction method statements with input from the ESO and engineer, where necessary, in order to ensure that the environmental specifications contained within this EMPr and EA are adhered to;

Inspecting the site and surrounding areas on a regular basis regarding compliance with the EMPr, EA and contract;

Monitoring the undertaking by the contractor of environmental awareness training for all new personnel on site;

Ensuring that activities on site comply with all relevant environmental legislation;

Ordering the removal of, or issuing spot fines for person/s and/or equipment not complying with the specifications of the EMPr and/or EA;

Undertaking a continual internal review of the EMPr and submitting any changes for applicant and authority review and approval as applicable;

Checking the register of complaints kept on site and maintained by the ESO and ensuring that the correct actions are/were taken in response to these complaints;

Checking that the required actions are/were undertaken to mitigate the impacts resulting from non-compliance;

Reporting all incidences of non-compliance;

Conducting annual environmental performance audits in respect of the activities undertaken relating to the project. The ECO shall also submit compliance audit reports to DEDEAT, in accordance with the requirements of the EA. Such reports shall be reviewed by the applicant, prior to submission;

Keeping a photographic record of progress on site from an environmental perspective. This can be conducted in conjunction with the ESO as the ESO will be the person that will be onsite at all times and can therefore take photographic records weekly. The ECO would need to check and ensure that the ESO understands the task at hand;

Recommending additional environmental protection measures, should this be necessary; and

Providing report back on any environmental issues at site meetings.

The ECO must have:

A good working knowledge of all relevant environmental policies, legislation, guidelines and standards;

The ability to conduct inspections and audits and to produce thorough, readable and informative reports;

The ability to manage public communication and complaints;

The ability to think holistically about the structure, functioning and performance of environmental systems; and

Proven competence in the application of the following integrated environmental management tools:

Environmental Impact Assessment;


Environmental management plans/programmes;

Environmental auditing;

Mitigation and optimisation of impacts;

Monitoring and evaluation of impacts; and

Environmental Management Systems. The ECO must be fully conversant with the EIA process and EIR, this EMPr, EA and all relevant environmental legislation for the project. The applicant shall have the authority to replace the ECO if, in their opinion, the appointed officer is not fulfilling his/her duties in terms of the requirements of the EMPr or this specification. Such instruction will be in writing and shall clearly set out the reasons why a replacement is required and within what timeframe. 6.2.4 Environmental Site Officer The contractor shall appoint a nominated representative of the contractor as the Environmental Site Officer (ESO) for the contract. The ESO will be site-based and shall be the responsible person for implementing the environmental provisions of the construction contract. There shall be an approved ESO on the site at all times. It may be necessary to have more than one ESO. The ESO’s duties will include, inter alia, the following:

Ensuring that all the EAs and permits required in terms of the applicable legislation have been obtained prior to construction commencing;

Reviewing and approving construction method statements with input from the ECO and engineer, where necessary, in order to ensure that the environmental specifications contained within the construction contract are adhered to;

Assisting the contractor in finding environmentally responsible solutions to problems;

Keeping accurate and detailed records of all activities on site;

Keeping a register of complaints on site and recording community comments and issues, and the actions taken in response to these complaints;

Ensuring that the required actions are undertaken to mitigate the impacts resulting from non-compliance; and

Reporting all incidences of non-compliance to the ECO and contractor. The ESO shall submit regular written reports to the ECO, but not less frequently than once a month. The ESO must have:

The ability to manage public communication and complaints;

The ability to think holistically about the structure, functioning and performance of environmental systems; and

The ESO must be fully conversant with the EIR and EMPr and all relevant environmental legislation; and lastly

The ESO must have received professional training, including training in the skills necessary to be able to amicably and diplomatically deal with the public as outlined in bullet point one above.

The ECO shall be in the position to determine whether or not the ESO has adequately demonstrated his/her capabilities to carry-out the tasks at hand and in a professional manner. The ECO shall therefore have the authority to instruct the contractor to replace the ESO if, in the ECO’s opinion, the appointed officer is not fulfilling his/her duties in terms of the requirements of the construction contract. Such instruction will be in writing and shall clearly set out the reasons why a replacement is required and within what timeframe.


The ECO shall visit the development site and in addition to the responsibilities listed in this section, review the performance of the ESO and submit regular performance reviews to the applicant/developer.

6.3 Compliance Monitoring and Corrective Action Non-compliance with the conditions of the EMPr must be viewed as a breach of appointment contract for which the construction contractors will be held liable. The latter is deemed NOT to have complied with the EMPr if:

There is evidence of contravention of the EMPr, its environmental specifications or the Method Statements developed by the contractor within the boundaries of the construction site or areas of contractor responsibility;

Construction related activities take place outside the defined boundaries of the site;

Environmental damage ensues due to negligence;

The contractor fails to comply with corrective or other instructions issued by the ECO within a specific time; or

The contractor fails to respond adequately to complaints from the public or authorities.

The proponent and the construction contractors are liable for any construction rehabilitation costs associated with their non-compliance with the EMPr. This rehabilitation will be undertaken to the satisfaction of the ECO. The construction contractors shall have the right to appeal any punitive action undertaken by the ECO or applicant/developer.

6.4 Reporting and Review The EMPr reporting and documentation requirements must be based on best practice principles, e.g. ISO 14001:2004 that must take the following requirements into account:

Documents associated with the EMPr must be regularly reviewed and updated by all environmental management parties.

Audits of the environmental performance of the construction phase of the project will be undertaken on a quarterly basis by accredited auditors in fulfilment of likely conditions of EA in this regard.

The findings of external, internal and informal environmental reviews will be recorded and items requiring action will be identified from the recommendations made.

The construction contractors will be contractually obliged to fulfil any reasonable recommendations, and implementation of these actions will be assessed in the above audit.

Weekly and monthly reporting meetings will take place on site. Internal auditing and reporting will be subject to external review by the ECO during the quarterly compliance audits.

6.5 Monitoring Construction activities have the potential to impact on a range of biophysical habitats as well as neighbouring communities. The monitoring programme that requires development by the applicant, ECO and contractor should inter alia allow for analysis of:

i. Water quality e.g. BOD, COD, pH, salinity, TDS, E coli.


ii. Air Quality e.g. Particulate matter, NOx, SO2 iii. Hydrocarbon pollution. iv. Success of local labour employment. v. Success of local procurement policies. vi. Ambient and workplace noise vii. Health and safety incidents. viii. Success of traffic management measures

6.6 Emergency Preparedness The contractor shall develop environmental emergency response procedures to ensure that there will be an appropriate response to unexpected or accidental actions or incidents that will cause environmental impacts during the construction period. Such activities may include, inter alia:

Accidental discharges to water and land.

Accidental exposure of employees to hazardous substances.

Accidental fires.

Accidental spillage of hazardous substances.

Specific environmental and ecosystem effects from accidental releases or incidents.

The contractor and sub-contractors shall comply with the emergency preparedness incident reporting requirements that must be developed prior to construction.

6.7 Environmental Incident Management The construction contractors will adhere to the hazard and incident reporting protocols to be developed by the contractor. A report must be completed for all incidents, and appropriate action taken where necessary to minimise any potential impacts. DEDEAT must be informed of any environmental incident, in accordance with legislative requirements, should this be necessitated by a major environmental incident.

6.8 Management Review A formal management review needs to be conducted on a regular basis in which the internal audit reports written by the ESO based on frequent inspections and interactions with the ECO and review of the periodic reports, including audit reports by the independent external auditor - will be reviewed. The purpose of the review is to critically examine the effectiveness of the EMPr and its implementation and to decide on potential modifications to the EMPr as and when necessary. The process of management review is in keeping with the principle of continual improvement. Management review will take place when the liaison committee consisting of representatives from the contractor, construction sub-contractors as appropriate, ECO and other parties or I&APs as deemed necessary on a monthly basis. The purpose of these monthly meetings will be to review the progress of the contractor in implementing and complying with its obligations in terms of this EMPr for the duration of the project. Where necessary, management review will take place more frequently than the required monthly meetings.


7. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME

7.1 Reporting 7.1.1 Administration

Before the contractor begins each construction activity, the Contractor shall give to the ECO and engineer a written method statement setting out the following:

• The type of construction activity. • Locality where the activity will take place. • Identification of impacts that might result from the activity. • Identification of activities or aspects that may cause an impact. • Methodology and/or specifications for impact prevention for each activity or aspect. • Methodology and/or specific actions for impact containment for each activity or

aspect. • Emergency/disaster incident and reaction procedures. • Treatment and continued maintenance of impacted environment.

The contractor may provide such information in advance of any or all construction activities provided that new submissions shall be given to the ECO and/or engineer whenever there is a change or variation to the original.

The ECO and/or engineer may provide comment on the methodology and procedures proposed by the Contractor but he shall not be responsible for the contractor’s chosen measures of impact mitigation and emergency/disaster management systems. However, the contractor shall demonstrate at inception and at least once during the contract that the approved measures and procedures function properly.

7.1.2 Good housekeeping

The contractor shall undertake “good housekeeping” practices during construction. This will help avoid disputes on responsibility and allow for the smooth running of the contract as a whole. Good housekeeping extends beyond the wise practice of construction methods that leaves production in a safe state from the ravages of weather to include the care for and preservation of the environment within which the site is situated.

7.1.3 Record keeping

The engineer and the ECO will continuously monitor the contractor’s adherence to the approved impact prevention procedures and the engineer shall issue to the contractor a notice of non-compliance whenever transgressions are observed. The ECO should document the nature and magnitude of the non-compliance in a designated register, the action taken to discontinue the non-compliance, the action taken to mitigate its effects and the results of the actions. The non-compliance shall be documented and reported to the engineer in the monthly report. These reports shall be made available to the authorities when requested.

The Contractor shall ensure that an electronic filling system identifying all documentation related to the EMPr is established.

A list of reports likely to be generated during all phases of the Project is provided below, and all applicable documentation must be included in the environmental filling system catalogue or document retrieval index.


Environmental Management Plan.

Final design documents and diagrams issued to and by the Contractor.

All communications detailing changes of design/scope that may have environmental implications.

Complaints register.

Medical reports.

Incident and accident reports.

Emergency preparedness and response plans.

Copies of all relevant environmental legislation.

All relevant permits.

All method statements from the Contractor for all phases of the project.

7.1.4 Document control

The Contractor and resident engineer shall be responsible for establishing a procedure for electronic document control. The document control procedure should comply with the following requirements:

Documents must be identifiable by organisation, division, function, activity and contact person.

Every document should identify the personnel and their positions, who drafted and compiled the document, who reviewed and recommended approval, and who finally approved the document for distribution.

All documents should be dated, provided with a revision number and reference number, filed systematically, and retained for a five year period.

The Contractor shall ensure that documents are periodically reviewed and revised, where necessary, and that current versions are available at all locations where operations essential to the functioning of the EMPr are performed. All documents shall be made available to the independent external auditor.

7.2 Environmental Awareness Contractors shall ensure that its employees and any third party who carries out all or part of the Contractor’s obligations are adequately trained with regard to the implementation of the EMPr, as well as regarding environmental legal requirements and obligations. Training shall be conducted by an independent person where necessary. Environment and health awareness training programmes should be targeted at two distinct levels of employment, i.e. management and labour. Environmental awareness training programmes shall contain the following information:

The names, positions and responsibilities of personnel to be trained. The framework for appropriate training plans. The summarised content of each training course. A schedule for the presentation of the training courses.

The person conducting training shall ensure that records of all training interventions are kept in accordance with the record keeping and documentation control requirements as set out in this EMPr. The training records shall verify each of the targeted personnel’s training experience. The Developer shall ensure that adequate environmental training takes place. All employees shall have been given an induction presentation on environmental awareness and the content of the EMPr. The presentation needs to be conducted in the language of the


employees to ensure it is understood. The environmental training shall, as a minimum, include the following:

The importance of conformance with all environmental policies. The environmental impacts, actual or potential, of their work activities. The environmental benefits of improved personal performance. Their roles and responsibilities in achieving conformance with the environmental

policy and procedures and with the requirement of the Eskom’s environmental management systems, including emergency preparedness and response requirements.

The potential consequences of departure from specified operating procedures; The mitigation measures required to be implemented when carrying out their work

activities. Environmental legal requirements and obligations. Details regarding floral/faunal species of special concern and protected species,

and the procedures to be followed should these be encountered during the construction of the bridge, main access roads, approach roads or construction camps.

The importance of not littering. The importance of using supplied toilet facilities. The need to use water sparingly. Details of and encouragement to minimise the production of waste and re-use,

recover and recycle waste where possible. Details regarding archaeological and/or historical sites which may be unearthed

during construction and the procedures to be followed should these be encountered.

7.2.1 Monitoring of Environmental Training The Contractor must monitor the performance of construction workers to ensure that the points relayed during their introduction have been properly understood and are being followed. If necessary, a translator should be called to the site to further explain aspects of environmental or social behaviour that are unclear. An environmental training and awareness course has been provided in Appendix 1.

7.3 Pre-Construction Phase Mitigation

7.3.1 Socio-Economic Mitigation Measures

7.3.1.1 Employment Opportunities

Employment should be managed by selecting suitable employees according to a selection system that ensures transparent recruitment from local, impacted communities. This should ensure a fair recruitment process;

Local employment opportunities should be maximised, with appropriate skill transfers for outside or migrant workers to pass those skills onto local workers who could be absorbed in the operational phases;

Training opportunities could be provided to unskilled workers to ensure skills transfer. This could include apprentices, for example;

Appropriate Human Resources (HR) policies and procedures should be developed to ensure that recruitment is done in a fair and transparent way, and that job creation opportunities are maximised;

Attention should be paid to employment opportunities for women and disabled persons.


7.3.1.2 Promoting Local Economic Development

Business opportunities should be advertised in order for the community members to be informed about opportunities in the area;

Local contractors or builders could be assisted to establish construction-related Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) during the construction phase, whilst emerging contractors could be assisted for establish SMMEs for the operational phase; and

The local and district municipality’s LED departments could be consulted to develop means of stimulating LED in the labour-sending areas.

7.3.1.3 Altering the landscape and People’s Sense of Place

The project’s layout could be sensitive to the natural occurring vegetation, aiming to preserve as much of the natural landscape as possible.

7.3.2 Archaeological / Heritage Mitigation Measures

7.3.2.1 Loss of historical heritage

The original dry stone walling farmhouse and kraal must be cordoned off and protected during all phases of development

The remaining stone walling features and ceramics sherds must be appropriately protected

If concentrations of archaeological heritage material and human remains are uncovered during construction, all work must cease immediately and be reported to the Albany Museum (046 622 2312) and/or the South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA) (021 642 4502) so that systematic and professional investigation/ excavation can be undertaken.

7.3.3 Traffic Mitigation Measures

Potential for accidents at the proposed Fairewood entrance/exit point on the R67

Measures to mitigate potential traffic safety issues at the intersection fall under two categories:

1. Adjustments to the location of the intersection point; and 2. Upgrading of the road at the intersection point.

It will be necessary to obtain input from SANRAL and the District Roads Engineer whichever mitigation option is decided upon. However, mitigation measures under Option 1 (adjustments to the location of the intersection point) are likely to require less input from SANRAL and therefore be less likely to result in delays. It is unknown by the author how feasible it is to adjust the intersection point. The design team, which will be aware of the site constraints, will need to comment on this. The preferred intersection point would be one with good visibility on both sides.

Option 2: upgrading of the R67 at the intersection point, could involve any of the following alterations:

Traffic calming measures on the R67 approach to the intersection


A reduction in speed at the intersection point would give traffic from the development a better chance of joining the R67 safely. We suggest that a speed limit of 60 km/h will probably be appropriate. However, this mitigation measure will be less effective in mitigating the risk of accidents involving vehicles turning off the R67 into the development. Since the road is a single lane both ways with no shoulders, traffic that is not turning will be held up by slow moving and stationary vehicles preparing to turn. If this problem proves to be serious, physical alterations to the road may be required (next two points).

The addition of lanes A left-turning lane into the development for vehicles approaching from Grahamstown would be appropriate. Vehicles could safely enter this left lane and turn at their own speed. Vehicles that are continuing on to Stone’s Hill / Port Alfred could remain in the right lane and maintain their speed. The number of vehicles expected to be approaching the development from Stone’s Hill side is likely to be significantly lower (most residents will be working in Grahamstown). So in terms of entrance to the development, it may not be necessary to construct a lane for right-turning vehicles. But for vehicles exiting the development, and in the majority of cases turning right to head towards Grahamstown, they’ll need a dedicated lane to turn into while they gather speed. So it would therefore be recommended to build an additional lane on both sides of the road. But a professional opinion from an appropriately trained engineer should be sought on this matter. SANRAL will also be consulted in terms of the EIA’s public consultation process. According to SANRAL’s Design Guidelines for Single Carriageway National Roads (First draft, May 2009): “Intersections shall be assessed and upgraded as required. Right turn refuge lane and tapers will generally be required where the right turning volume is larger than 30 vehicles/day” (Section 5, page 6).

Establishment of street lights or stop streets A less expensive option than lane additions but potentially equally effective in mitigating safety risks, is the potential establishment of street lights or a stop street at the intersection. Since the start of the Grahamstown’s residential area is not much further ahead (± 1.6 km) this is not an unrealistic option.

7.4 Construction Phase Mitigation 7.4.1 Construction Activities and Equipment

Construction will be restricted to normal daytime working hours (08:00 – 17:00). No construction activities will take place during weekday evenings and night-time (after 17:00), on Saturdays after midday (12:00) and the entire day on Sundays.

No construction piling should occur at night. Piling should only occur during the hottest part of the day to take advantage of unstable atmospheric conditions.

All noise-making equipment shall be turned off when not in use.

All equipment shall be kept in good working order.

All equipment shall be operated within specifications and capacity (i.e. do not overload machines).

Compliance with the appropriate legislation with respect to noise is mandatory.

The Contractor will familiarise himself with, and adhere to, any local bylaws and regulations regarding the generation of noise.

Construction staff should be given “noise sensitivity” training.


The Contractor will endeavour to keep noise generating activities associated with construction activities to a minimum.

Modern low noise emission vehicles and equipment shall be favoured on site. The details of all construction machinery and vehicles must be determined prior to construction in order to identify potentially noisy machinery and to seek possible alternatives. These details will include the manufacturer, type and noise emission data of each machinery/vehicle and how many will be used at any time. Note that manufacturers of modern vehicles and machinery provided for the international market are obliged to provide noise emission data. Where this information is not available, noise measurements must be conducted prior to use of such machinery or vehicles.

A well planned and co-ordinated “fast track” procedure is implemented to complete the total construction process in the area in the shortest possible time.

7.4.2 Emergency plan

An emergency response plan should be drawn up, to ensure that there will be an appropriate response to unexpected or accidental actions or incidents that will cause environmental impacts during the construction period. Such activities may include, inter alia:

o Accidental discharges to water and land. o Accidental exposure of employees to hazardous substances. o Accidental fires. o Accidental spillage of hazardous substances. o Specific environmental and ecosystem effects from accidental releases or

incidents.

All pollution incidents must be reported and record(s) of environmental related incidents should be maintained and communicated to the ECO and Fairewood Estate (Pty) Ltd.

7.4.3 Health and safety

All relevant Health and Safety legislation as required in South Africa should be strictly adhered to, including but not limited to the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (No. 85 of 1993);

All necessary occupational certificates and inspections must be complied with to the approval of the Makana Municipality;

An inspection schedule and log for use by security or contracts staff is developed.

All trenches and manholes are secured.

Applicable notice boards are in place and secured.

Emergency and Management contact details are prominently displayed.

Security personnel have been briefed and have the facilities to contact or be contacted by relevant management and emergency personnel.

Night hazards such as reflectors, lighting, traffic signage etc have been checked.

Pipe stockpiles are wedged / secured.

Scaffolds are secure.

Structures vulnerable to high winds secure. 7.4.4 Site access and demarcation

The location, layout and method of establishment of the construction camp including the following must be clearly indicated and demarcated prior to construction activity commencing:


All Contractor’s buildings, and/or offices

Lay down areas

Vehicle wash areas

Workshops and drip trays

Fuel storage areas (including filling and dispensing from storage tanks)

Cement/concrete batching areas (including the methods employed for the mixing of concrete and particularly the containment of runoff water from such areas and the method of transportation of concrete)

Other infrastructure required for the running of the project Details, including a site layout plan, showing where and how the access points and routes will be located and managed must be submitted to the ECO and developer that is supported by the following management requirements:.

On the site and within such distance of the site as may be stated, the contractor shall control the movement of all vehicles and plant including that of his suppliers so that they remain on designated routes, are distributed so as not to cause an undue concentration of traffic and that all relevant laws are complied with. In addition, such vehicles and plant shall be so routed and operated as to minimise disruption to regular users of the routes not on the Site.

On gravel or earth roads on site and within 500m of the site, the vehicles of the contractor and his suppliers shall not exceed a speed of 45 km/h or as directed by the ECO.

The Contractor shall supply the ECO with a Method Statement detailing the location and management of all access points and roads.

The Contractor shall erect and maintain permanent and / or temporary fences of the type and in the locations directed by the ECO. Such fences shall, if so specified, be erected before undertaking designated activities. Certain areas within or next to the Site shall be "no go" areas. The Contractor shall ensure that, insofar as he has the authority, no person, machinery, equipment or materials enter the “no go" areas at any time. 7.4.5 Materials handling, use and storage

The Contractor shall ensure that any delivery drivers are informed of all procedures and restrictions (including "no go" areas) required to comply with the EMP.

The Contractor shall ensure that these delivery drivers are supervised during off loading, by someone with an adequate understanding of the requirements of the EMP.

Materials shall be appropriately secured to ensure safe passage between destinations. Loads including, but not limited to sand, stone chip, fine vegetation, refuse, paper and cement, shall have appropriate cover to prevent them spilling from the vehicle during transit.

The Contractor shall be responsible for any clean-up resulting from the failure by his employees or suppliers to properly secure transported materials.

All manufactured and/ or imported material shall be stored within the Contractor's camp, and, if so required by the EMP, out of the rain.

All lay down areas outside of the construction camp shall be subject to the ECO's approval.

Imported gravel, fill, soil and sand materials shall be free of weeds, alien invasive seed matter, plant material, litter and contaminants and shall be obtained from sources approved by the ECO.


7.4.6 Stockpiling

Any stockpiling of gravel, cut, fill or any other material including spoil shall be in areas approved by the ECO within the defined working area.

The Contractor shall ensure that the material does not blow or wash away. If the stockpiled material is in danger of being washed or blown away, the Contractor shall spray it with Dustex or cover it with a suitable material, such as hessian or plastic. Stockpiles of topsoil shall not be covered with plastic.

No stockpiling of any material shall be allowed within 20m of any “no go” area. 7.4.7 Waste and pollution management

An integrated waste management approach that is based on waste minimisation must be used and should incorporate reduction, recycling, re-use and disposal where appropriate. Any solid waste shall be disposed of at a landfill licensed in terms of section 20 (b) of the National Management Waste Act, 2008 (Act No. 59 of 2008);

Stormwater should be regularly tested before entering the bulk stormwater lines, to ensure that the quality of stormwater out-flow complies to General Limit Values of the National Water Act (No. 36 of 1998) (NWA) as well as the Special Limit Values as specified in the Bulk Services Agreement.

No water will be allowed to be discharged into any watercourse, wetland or to be irrigated without a licence issued by DWS.

7.4.8 Solid waste management

No on-site burning, burying or dumping of any waste materials, litter or refuse shall occur.

The Contractor shall provide vermin and weatherproof bins with lids of sufficient number and capacity to store the solid waste produced on a daily basis. The lids shall be kept firmly on the bins at all times.

Bins shall not be allowed to become overfull and shall be emptied at least once a day.

The waste from bins may be temporarily stored on Site in a central waste area that is weatherproof and scavenger-proof, and which the ECO has approved.

Recyclable waste shall be disposed of into separate skips/bins and removed off-site for recycling.

All solid waste shall be disposed of off-site at an approved landfill Site. The Contractor shall supply the ECO with the appropriate disposal certificates.

The Contractor must facilitate the re-use of cleared trees and bush (e.g. by allowing controlled wood cutting and removal of wood). Cleared vegetation may only be burnt when no other form of re-use (e.g. chipping or composting) is practical or economical. Burning of cleared vegetation may only take place in a safe area (e.g. borrow pit) after permission has been obtained from all the relevant authorities and the Fire Department has been informed. The Contractor must ensure that cleared trees and wood are removed from the Site within 45 days of Site clearance.

The Contractor shall submit a solid waste management plan as part of the pollution control Method Statement to the ECO.

7.4.9 Water use

All sources of water for construction purposes must be approved by the ECO in writing before any such sources can be used to obtain water.


Where possible all wash water will be recycled for use, as wash water again or for dust suppression where applicable.

7.4.10 Contaminated water

Potential pollutants of any kind and in any form shall be kept, stored, and used in such a manner that any escape can be contained and that the water table is not endangered. Water containing such pollutants as chemicals, washing detergents, sewerage, fuels, paints and solvents and hydrocarbons shall be contained and discharged into an impermeable storage facility for removal from the site or for recycling. This particularly applies to runoff from fuel depots/workshops/truck washing areas.

Wash down areas shall be placed and constructed in such a manner so as to ensure that the surrounding areas are not polluted.

The Contractor shall notify the ECO immediately of any pollution incidents on Site.

As part of the Pollution Control Method Statement, the Contractor shall submit a plan to the ECO detailing how the contaminated water will be managed on Site

7.4.11 Transportation of Hazardous Substances

The transportation and handling of hazardous substances must comply with the provisions of the Hazardous Substances Act (Act No.187 of 1993) and associated regulations as well as SABS 0228 and SABS 0229.

The Contractor shall also comply with all other applicable regional and local legislation and regulations with regard to the transport, use and disposal of hazardous substances. Hazardous chemical substances (as defined in the Regulations for Hazardous Chemical Substances) used during construction shall be stored in secondary containers.

The relevant Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) shall be available on Site. Procedures detailed in the MSDSs shall be followed in the event of an emergency situation

The Contractor shall be responsible for the training and education of all personnel on Site who will be handling hazardous materials about their proper use, handling and disposal

If potentially hazardous substances are to be stored or used on Site, the Contractor shall submit a Method Statement to the ECO detailing the substances / materials to be used, together with the transport, storage, handling and disposal procedures for the substances

7.4.12 Hazardous substance management (spent chemicals, oils, paint, grease,

cement, lubricants, soaps, fuel etc.)

Hazardous substances should be disposed of at an appropriate classified waste site (unless it is to be recycled by approved methods), as per the National Environmental Management Waste Act 59 of 2008;

All contaminated spill fighting material such as fibres, soil, sandbags, etc. must be disposed of in an appropriate Hh waste landfill site. Proof of this must be made available upon request;

In the event of a spill, hazardous material may be generated. Such material must be disposed of at a suitable licensed waste disposal facility, with chain of custody documentation supplied as proof of end recipient;


The transportation, handling and storage of hazardous and flammable substances must comply with all the provisions of the Hazardous Substances Act 1973, (Act No. 15 of 1973) associated regulations as well as a SANS 10228 and SANS 10089 codes;

7.4.13 Cement and concrete batching

The proposed location of batching areas (including the location of cement stores and sand and aggregate stockpiles) shall be indicated on the Site layout plan and approved by the ECO. Batching areas shall not be located within 150m of any water body or any “no go” areas, unless written approval has been granted by the ECO.

All wastewater generated from the operation and cleaning of concrete batching equipment and other sources of concrete shall be passed through a concrete wastewater settlement system as depicted in the appropriate drawing. The water from this system shall not be allowed to flow into any “no go” area or water course but must permeate through the ground before it reaches any such water course. The accumulated sludge in the settlement system must be regularly cleaned out and appropriately disposed of as solid waste.

The Contractor shall ensure that minimal water is used for washing of concrete batching equipment.

Used cement bags shall be disposed of in weatherproof bins on site to prevent the generation of wind-blown cement dust and the bags from blowing away.

During construction, the contractor must ensure that concrete is mixed on mortar boards, all visible remains of concrete are removed and disposed of as waste and that all surplus aggregate is removed.

As part of the Pollution Control and Concrete Batching Method Statement, a plan detailing all actions to be taken to comply with the cement and batching requirements shall be submitted to the ECO.

7.4.14 Used oil and hydrocarbon contaminated materials

Used oil shall be stored at a central location on Site prior to removal off Site for disposal at an approved disposal or recycling site.

Old oil filters and oil, petrol and diesel-soaked material shall be treated as hazardous waste. The Contractor shall remove all oil, petrol, and diesel-soaked sand immediately and shall dispose of it as hazardous waste or treat it on site with material that breaks-down or encapsulates such spillages as approved by the ECO.

7.4.15 Ablution facilities

Washing, whether of the person or of personal effects, and acts of excretion and urination are strictly prohibited other than at the facilities provided. The Contractor shall provide the necessary ablution facilities for all his personnel prior to the commencement of work and shall ensure that his personnel make use of the facilities.

Toilet facilities shall be supplied by the Contractor for the workers at a ratio of at least 1 toilet per 15 workers in areas approved by the ECO. Every 1-man urinal will be taken as supplying the equivalent of 5 men in addition to the 15 men per toilet on site. No toilets will be erected within 100m of any residential areas, within 20m of the edge of the Site, within 50m of any “no go” areas or any major drainage systems. Toilets shall be situated within 200m of any area where work is taking place in numbers sufficient to meet the ratio depicted above for the workers in the area. Mobile toilets (e.g. trailer mounted) should be considered for Sites, where workers may be expected to cover large distances every day.


The facilities shall be maintained in a hygienic state and serviced regularly. Toilet paper shall be provided. Temporary/ portable toilets shall be secured to the ground to prevent them toppling due to wind or any other cause, to the satisfaction of the ECO.

Discharge into the environment and burial of waste is strictly prohibited. The Contractor shall ensure that no spillage occurs when the toilets are cleaned or emptied and that the contents are removed from the Site. Toilets shall be emptied before the Contractors’ holidays or any other temporary site closure.

7.4.16 Safeguarding of the environment, local community and employees against fire

risk

Smoking should be prohibited in the vicinity of flammable substances;

Ensure the availability of sufficient firewater tie-in points;

Any welding or other sources of heating of materials should be done in a controlled environment and under appropriate supervision;

Training should be provided in the use of the appropriate fire-fighting equipment;

Ensure availability of fire extinguishers and firefighting technique (SABS 089-1-1987);

Fairewood Estate (Pty) Ltd must co-operate closely with local fire authority to ensure that they know the layout of the site, what equipment and facilities are available, where they are located, and how they are used; and

All employees must be aware of emergency/ contingency plans to ensure an understanding of the hazards and procedures required during an emergency situation.

7.4.17 Community relations

If so required by the Project Specification, the Contractor shall erect and maintain information boards in the positions, quantities, designs and dimensions specified. Such boards shall include contact details for complaints by members of the public in accordance with details provided by the ECO.

The Contractor shall keep a "Complaints Register" on Site. The Register shall contain all contact details of the person who made the complaint, and information regarding the complaint itself and note the date and time that the complaint was resolved.

The ECO shall be responsible for responding to queries and/or complaints and may request assistance from the Contractor’s Management Staff.

The area is secure from accidental damage through vehicle collision and the like.

Emergency and contact numbers are available and displayed.

There is adequate ventilation in enclosed spaces.

There are no stores or containers within the 1:50 year flood line.

7.4.18 Aesthetics

The Contractor shall take reasonable measures to ensure that construction activities do not have an unreasonable impact on the aesthetics of the area.

7.4.19 Storm water management

Impediments to natural water flow should be avoided wherever possible, or, if unavoidable, be allowed for in the design by means of appropriately sized and positioned drains, culverts etc. Provide separate systems for surface water and for water from contaminated sources (dispensing and filling areas).


Manholes must project a minimum of 50mm above finished ground level to exclude the ingress of water; Storm Water Management

Stormwater should be managed using suitable structures such as swales, gabions and rock rip-wrap so that any run-off from the development site is attenuated prior to discharge. Silt and sedimentation should be kept to a minimum, through the use of the above mentioned structures by also ensuring that all structures don’t create any form of erosion.

Natural run-off must be diverted to stormwater drains where these are available. The Contractor shall take appropriate measures to prevent sand, silt and silt-laden waters from entering stormwater drains, or any surface water course.

The Contractor shall take reasonable measures to control the erosive effects of stormwater runoff particularly where excavation and construction activities form temporary channels. Suitable energy breaking devices, cut-off drains, diversions and retention ponds shall be employed to ensure that storm water runoff from the Site is dissipated and does not exceed the capacity of the surrounding stormwater system and excessive suspended solids are settled before they enter the stormwater system or any surface water course.

7.4.20 Topsoil

All topsoil should be stockpiled and replaced as a final graded layer over the subsoil contouring at a minimum depth of 300mm.

Topsoil can only be stripped from the areas as indicated below:

Any area which is to be used for temporary storage of materials

Areas which could be polluted by any aspect of the construction activity and;

Areas designated for the dumping of soil.

Stripping of topsoil will be undertaken in such a manner as to minimise erosion by wind or runoff.

Areas from which the topsoil is to be removed will be cleared of any foreign material which may come to form part of the topsoil during removal including bricks, rubble, any waste material, litter, excess vegetation and any other material which could reduce the quality of the topsoil.

The Contractor shall ensure that subsoil and topsoil are not mixed during stripping, excavation, reinstatement and rehabilitation. If mixed with clay sub-soil the usefulness of the topsoil for rehabilitation of the site will be lost.

Soils should be exposed for the minimum time possible once cleared.

Topsoil will be temporarily stockpiled, separately from (clay) subsoil and rocky materials.

Topsoil will be stockpiled in areas designated by the ECO.

Soil must not be stockpiled on drainage lines or near watercourses without prior consent from the ECO.

Stockpiles will either be vegetated with indigenous grasses or covered by a suitable fabric to prevent erosion and invasion of weeds.

Stockpiled topsoil will not be compacted. 7.4.21 Erosion and sediment transport

Clearing of vegetation should be completed in the dry season to minimise soil erosion and sedimentation.

All heavy duty machinery and construction vehicles must be restricted to specific access roads and prohibited from driving in restricted areas

All access roads must be monitored frequently for erosion


All soil that is unearthed and building materials that are not required for construction must be removed from site as soon as possible

Revegetate areas that have been disturbed as soon as possible.

Cut and fill slopes must be made stable and be revegetated as soon as possible during the construction phase.

Newly formed terraces within the facility must be vegetated in order to stabilise the soil.

7.4.22 Loss of water resource quality

Due to the unsuitable geological makeup of the site it is not advisable to use septic tanks for the treatment of sewage. It was proposed that the sewage generated in the development will be treated using package sewage plants before discharging the effluent into natural water courses. These package sewage plants must be monitored regularly to prevent any pollution of water courses.

Stormwater must be controlled and all drains and culverts must be kept free of any debris.

Toilets provided for the duration of construction must be maintained/ emptied frequently and all employees must be informed that the natural environment must not be used in place of toilet facilities.

All toilets must be placed further than 50m from a water course.

7.4.23 Excavation, hauling and placement

The contractor shall provide the engineer with detailed plans of his intended construction processes prior to starting any cut or fill or layer. The plans shall detail the number of personnel and plant to be used and the measures by which the impacts of pollution (noise, dust, litter, fuel, oil, sewage), erosion, vegetation destruction and deformation of landscape will be prevented, contained and rehabilitated. Particular attention shall also be given to the impact that such activities will have on the adjacent built environment. The contractor shall demonstrate his “good housekeeping”, particularly with respect to closure at the end of every day so that the site is left in a safe condition from rainfall overnight or over periods when there is no construction activity.

7.4.24 Archaeological / Heritage Mitigation Measures

Construction managers/foremen must be informed before construction starts on the possible types of heritage sites and cultural material they may encounter and the procedures to follow when they find sites.

No employees, building material or vehicles may enter a designated heritage area

Heritage areas must be monitored closely during construction to ensure their protection

7.4.25 Pedestrian and Traffic Safety

During construction the site shall be fenced off to prevent access.

Fencing shall be inspected weekly and maintained properly, by the Contactor, until construction is complete.

The Contractor shall ensure that signage, which should be pictorial and in the vernacular, is erected on all boundary fences warning against entering the construction area.


Traffic calming and speed control measures for access to construction sites shall be instigated in consultation with the local authorities.

7.4.26 Protection of natural features

The construction phase should allow for education of staff as to the significance of species of concern.

The Contractor shall not deface, paint, damage or mark any natural features (e.g. rock formations) situated in or around the Site for survey or other purposes unless agreed beforehand with the ECO. Any features affected by the Contractor in contravention of this clause shall be restored / rehabilitated to the satisfaction of the ECO.

The Contractor shall not permit his employees to make use of any natural water sources (e.g. springs, streams, and open water bodies) for the purposes of swimming, personal washing and the washing of machinery or clothes.

Water crossings and bridges should not impede the natural flow of the river and be legally approved by all relevant departments.

Operational management programs to keep the river clean and clear of rubbish should be implemented.

7.4.27 Clearing of the Site

In all areas where the contractor intends to, or is required to clear the natural vegetation and soil, either within the construction area, or at designated or instructed areas outside the construction area, a plan of action shall first be submitted to the engineer for his approval.

The plan shall contain a photographic record and change/land reference of the areas to be disturbed. This shall be submitted to the engineer for his records before any disturbance/stockpiling may occur. The record shall be comprehensive and clear, allowing for easy identification during subsequent inspections.

The contractor shall be responsible for the re-establishment of grass within the development boundaries for all areas disturbed during construction. This includes, for example, service roads, stockpile areas, stop/go facilities, windrows and wherever material generated for, or from, road construction has to be stored temporarily or otherwise within the construction area, or at designated or instructed areas outside the construction area. This responsibility shall extend until expiry of the defects notification period.

7.4.28 Loss of grassland vegetation

Vegetation clearing and trampling must be kept to a minimum;

Existing roads must be used where feasible;

A search and rescue plan must be implemented and species of conservation concern removed prior to construction and placed in a nursery for rehabilitation;

Rehabilitation plan should be implemented in the areas which are affected during the construction phase and areas which are not affected but are currently disturbed by other land use practices and alien invasive species; this development will almost affect the whole property portion, the rehabilitation of the remaining area will curb disturbance in the area and also curb the introduction of alien invasive species in the area and its surroundings.

Areas which are not used during the development should be cleared of alien invasive species and be part of the rehabilitation


7.4.29 Invasion of alien species

Eradication of the already established alien invasive species on site, this should be done during both the construction and operation phase.

Active management of alien species throughout both the construction and operation phases to prevent their spread into areas where they have not already been established;

A rehabilitation plan must be designed and implemented;

During the rehabilitation of the area, measures should be put in place to prevent accidental or unintended introduction of alien species from occurring; and

An Alien Invasive Control Programme must be implemented.

7.4.30 Loss of Alien stands

A search and rescue plan must be implemented and species of conservation concern removed prior to construction and placed in a nursery for rehabilitation.

Areas with the alien stand which have not been removed during the construction should be cleared and the area rehabilitated, this will improve the current status of these areas and also prevent the introduction of alien invasive species in the area.

7.4.31 Loss of Riparian vegetation

Where feasible vegetation clearing and trampling should be avoided in this area

Infrastructure should not be placed in this vegetation type;

Due to this vegetation being important, where feasible, building in or too close to this vegetation should be avoided.

A search and rescue plan must be implemented and species of conservation concern removed prior to construction and placed in a nursery for rehabilitation.

Alien species found in this area should be cleared 7.4.32 Loss of plant species of conservation concern

Prior to the construction the area should be groundtruthed and SCC identified and the correct permits acquired for their removal.

o A search and rescue plan must be developed in order to identify and transplant Plant SCC, some of these species will not transplant thus areas with these species should be avoided as far as possible and be left undisturbed.

o Species of special concern must be marked prior to construction.

During Construction o Fires must be prohibited; o Laydown areas must be rehabilitated once they are no longer required and

an alien invasive management program implemented to ensure alien species do not invade these areas;

o Construction activities must remain within the demarcated area; and o An ECO must be employed to ensure that the construction activities remain

within the designated area and that no unauthorised activities occur.

7.4.33 Loss of animal species of conservation concern

A number of SCC use habitat provided by the riparian area, no development should occur in this area or within the 32m buffer.


Workers must also be educated on conservation and must not be allowed to trap or poach animals on site.

The construction site must be monitored for animal traps and evidence of poaching.

Curtail unnecessary night driving on roads and implement a speed limit so that accidents are prevented.

Restrict construction activities to post-dawn and pre-dusk.

Protect abiotic habitats, such as the rocky outcrops and riparian areas which play an important ecological role such as providing shelter for reptiles, amphibians and birds.

Undertake habitat clearance during the dry season when reptiles/amphibians are not breeding.

Activities that generate noise must occur during daylight hours to avoid disturbance.

It is recommended that if any fencing is to be erected the fences must have enough space between wires for small animals to move across them uninhibited.

7.4.34 Loss of Biodiversity

Alien invasive species should be removed from the areas where development will not occur, these areas should be rehabilitated and used for conservation. The area should be actively managed to prevent the return of alien invasive species.

There should be areas which are set aside for conservation, but judging from the layout plan there seems to be little areas that will be left, these should be used.

7.4.35 Fragmentation of communities and edge effects

Vegetation clearing should be kept to a minimum

Where feasible, building of housing units should be avoided near the streams and dams

Where feasible, the building footprint should be minimised 7.4.36 Disturbance to wildlife in the surrounding area

Dust

Employ dust suppression measures such as wetting of the project area during dry, windy periods;

Limit the height of stockpiles;

Where practical, do not leave large cleared areas exposed for longer than necessary;

The area of disturbance must be kept to a minimum at all times and no unnecessary clearing of vegetation, digging or scraping should occur;

Road speeds in sensitive regions e.g. near the dam and streams, and during extreme dry climatic conditions, should be limited to curtail dust production; and

Vehicle speed should be limited to the lowest possible, and should not exceed 50km/h.

Noise

Mitigation of this impact is difficult, but noise reduction measures should be implemented in all sensitive areas (e.g. adjacent to the streams) at sensitive times (e.g. at night).

No construction activities may take place between sunset and sunrise;

Machinery that generates noise must be regularly maintained in order to ensure that no unnecessary additional noise is produced;

Equipment with lower sound levels should be selected where feasible; and


Implement a noise monitoring plan.

7.5 Operational Phase Mitigation 7.5.1 Health and safety

All relevant Health and Safety legislation as required in South Africa should be strictly adhered to, including but not limited to the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (No. 85 of 1993);

All necessary occupational certificates and inspections must be complied with to the approval of the Makana Municipality;

The operational process must be compliant with all safety and health measures, listed in the EA.

7.5.2 Emergency plan

An emergency response plan should be drawn up for the operational phase of the proposed development.

All pollution incidents must be reported and record(s) of environmental related incidents should be maintained and communicated to the ECO and Fairewood Estate (Pty) Ltd.

Training should be provided in the use of the appropriate fire-fighting equipment;

Ensure availability of fire extinguishers and firefighting technique (SABS 089-1-1987);

Fairewood Estate (Pty) Ltd must co-operate closely with local fire authority to ensure that they know the layout of the site, what equipment and facilities are available, where they are located, and how they are used; and

Emergency/ contingency plans need to be put in place to ensure an understanding of the hazards and procedures required during an emergency situation.

7.5.3 Effluent handling/ storm water management

Stormwater should be regularly tested before entering the bulk stormwater lines, to ensure that the quality of stormwater out-flow complies to General Limit Values of the National Water Act (No. 36 of 1998) (NWA).

The Makana Municipality must be contacted with regard to any discharge to the stormwater/ sewer systems.

The treated effluent meets the prescribed General Authorisations limits (Gov. Gazette NO. 20526 8 Oct. 1999).

The treated effluent stream is suitable for a wide range of applications, such as recirculation into irrigation systems, swimming pools, or water features, or simply used for flushing, according to SANS regulations.

7.5.4 Sewage sludge

Arrangements are currently underway with the Makana Municipality on an as “required basis” for the collection and disposal of the very low volumes of sludge that would be generated from the sewage treatment plants.

7.5.5 Waste and pollution management

An integrated waste management approach that is based on waste minimisation must be used and should incorporate reduction, recycling, re-use and disposal where


appropriate. Any solid waste shall be disposed of at a landfill licensed in terms of section 20 (b) of the National Management Waste Act, 2008 (Act No. 59 of 2008);

Stormwater should be regularly tested before entering the bulk stormwater lines, to ensure that the quality of stormwater out-flow complies to General Limit Values of the National Water Act (No. 36 of 1998) (NWA) as well as the Special Limit Values as specified in the Bulk Services Agreement.

No water will be allowed to be discharged into any watercourse, wetland or to be irrigated without a licence issued by DWS.

7.5.6 Loss of water resource quality

Please refer to 7.4.22 above

7.5.7 Erosion and sediment transport

Please refer to 7.4.21 above

7.6 Cumulative Impacts Sadler (1996) defines cumulative impacts as the “the net result of environmental impact from a number of projects and activities”, The impact of the proposed Fairewood development may not be significant or be a serious threat to the environment, but a large number of projects in one area, or occurring in the same vegetation type may have significant impacts (DEDEAT, 2004). This section attempts to identify the cumulative impacts associated with other development that are taking place in similar vegetation type in this area. Even though the possible extent of the cumulative impacts cannot be determined due to not knowing the number of projects that will be accepted, it is still important to try and identify the negative and positive impacts which may arise in the long term and this includes looking at this project in conjunction with other projects in the area. Currently there are no other developments that are occurring near the proposed development.

7.6.1 Loss of the Grassland vegetation

This Surberg Quartzite fynbos is listed as Least Threatened, the grassland vegetation found in this area is not a good representative of this vegetation type, having only a few of the Important Plant Taxa on the site and none of the Endemic Taxa (Mucina and Rutherford, 2006). Thus on its own, this project does not seem to pose a huge threat on this vegetation type, but one must consider the impacts that are presently posing a threat on the vegetation and other proposed developments in this area. According to Palmer (2004) a number of impacts have been identified as threats to the vegetation found in the Makana area, these are; intense grazing by domestic livestock, the clearing of land for cultivation, alien invasion and the collection of plants for medicinal purposes. The vegetation found in the Makana region may be affected by a number of factors. The clearing of the vegetation in the proposed Fairewood development will likely have a moderate cumulative impact, this is because no known similar development is occurring in the area and due to the current status of the vegetation.

7.6.2 Loss of SCC

The proposed Fairewood development will have an impact on SCC found to occur in both the Grassland and the Riparian vegetation. SCC are species which need to be conserved as they are threatened by various factors. Various factors that result in species being classified


as SCC, such as habitat destruction, habitat loss and the harvesting or poaching of species. Anthropogenic activities such as urban settlement and development are some of the causes which result in the above factors. A number of SCC were found to occur in the project area, thus the cumulative impact of the Loss of SCC needs to be assessed. The extent of the loss of SCC can only be predicted and therefore a precautionary approach has been adopted. The cumulative impact associated with the proposed Fairewood development is likely to be moderate.

7.7 Monitoring and Auditing An independent ECO should be appointed to serve as an external auditor during the construction phase and, if necessary, for the first year of operation. This is to ensure that the EMPr and other relevant requirements are complied with. 7.7.1 EMPr monitoring

The key to a successful EMPr is appropriate monitoring and review to ensure effective functioning of the EMPr and to identify and implement corrective measures in a timely manner;

The overall monitoring and auditing of the site will be the responsibility of the ECO, however the applicant must provide the necessary environmental control and audit measures and integrate these through their Environmental Management Systems;

The ECO shall keep records of all activities on site, problems identified, transgressions noted and a task schedule of tasks undertaken by the ECO;

The ECO shall remain employed indefinitely until closure of the site (should this occur). The ECO shall remain employed until the close out audit; one year post construction; and

Records relating to monitoring and auditing must be kept on site and made available for inspection to any relevant and competent authority.

Non-compliance with the EMPr must be rectified within one week of the relevant offending party receiving an audit report and notice; and

Non-compliance with an audit report can result in a fine or an order, “to stop work” being issued by the DEDEAT/DWA


8. CONCLUSION Although all foreseeable actions and potential mitigations or management actions are contained in this document, the EMPr should be seen as a day-to-day management document. The EMPr thus sets out the environmental standards that are required to minimise the negative impacts and maximise the positive benefits of the proposed Fairewood Estate Development Project as detailed in the BAR and specialist reports. The EMPr could thus change daily, and if managed correctly lead to a successful construction and operation of the proposed project. All attempts should be made to have this EMPr available, as part of any tender documentation, so that the contractors are made aware of the potential cost and timing implications needed to fulfill the implementation of the EMPr, thus adequately costing for these. Further guidance should also be taken for any conditions contained in the Environmental Authorisation, if the project is granted approval, and that the EA conditions must be incorporated into the final EMPr.


APPENDIX 1: ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS

PROPOSED ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION COURSE

WHAT IS THE ENVIRONMENT?

• Soil

• Water

• Plants

• People

• Animals

• Air we breathe

• Buildings, cars and houses


WHY MUST WE LOOK AFTER THE ENVIRONMENT?

• It affects us all as well

as future generations

• We have a right to a healthy

environment

• A contract has been

signed

• Disciplinary action

(e.g. construction could

stop or fines issued)

HOW DO WE LOOK AFTER THE ENVIRONMENT?

• Report problems to your

supervisor/ foreman

• Team work

• Follow the rules in the EMP


WORKING AREAS

Workers & equipment must

stay inside the site

boundaries at all times

RIVERS & STREAMS

• Do not swim in or drink from

streams

• Do not throw oil, petrol, diesel,

concrete or rubbish in the stream

• Do not work in the stream without

direct instruction

• Do not damage the banks or

vegetation of the stream


ANIMALS

• Do not injure or kill any

animals on the site

• Ask your supervisor or

Contract’s Manager to

remove animals found

on site

TREES AND FLOWERS

• Do not damage or cut

down any trees or plants

without permission

• Do not pick flowers


SMOKING AND FIRE• Put cigarette butts in

a rubbish bin

• Do not smoke near

gas, paints or petrol

• Do not light any fires

without permission

• Know the positions of

fire fighting equipment

• Report all fires

• Do not burn rubbish or

vegetation without

permission

PETROL, OIL AND DIESEL• Work with petrol, oil & diesel in

marked areas

• Report any petrol, oil & diesel leaks or

spills to your supervisor

• Use a drip tray under vehicles &

machinery

• Empty drip trays after rain & throw

away where instructed


DUST

Try to avoid producing dust –

Use water to make ground &

soil wet

NOISE

• Do not make loud noises

around the site, especially

near schools and homes

• Report or repair noisy vehicles


TOILETS

• Use the toilets provided

• Report full or leaking

toilets

EATING

• Only eat in demarcated

eating areas

• Never eat near a river

or stream

• Put packaging & leftover

food into rubbish bins


RUBBISH

• Do not litter – put all

rubbish (especially cement

bags) into the bins provided

• Report full bins to your

supervisor

• The responsible person

should empty bins regularly

TRUCKS AND DRIVING

• Always keep to the speed limit

• Drivers - check & report leaks

and vehicles that belch smoke

• Ensure loads are secure & do

not spill


Know all the emergency phone

numbers:

– Ambulance:

– Fire:

– Police:

– MICOA

EMERGENCY PHONE NUMBERS

Makana Municipality:

FINES AND PENALTIES

• Spot fines of between

KS1000 and KS25000

• Your company may be

fined

• Removal from site

• Construction may be

stopped

To be confirmed by Engineer


PROBLEMS - WHAT TO DO!

• Report any breaks, floods,

fires, leaks and injuries to

your supervisor

• Ask questions!


APPENDIX 2: PROJECT TEAM CURRICULUM VITAE

ERIC E IGBINIGIE (PhD, Pr. Sci. Nat.)

Date of birth: 21 March 1974

QUALIFICATIONS

2008: PhD. Biotechnology. Rhodes University, South Africa 2004: MSc. Environmental Biotechnology. Rhodes University, South Africa

2003: Environmental Management Training. Received training in Industrial Environmental Management

1999: BSc. Hons. Biochemistry. Ambrose Alli University, Nigeria (formally Edo State University) Training 2014: Facilitator – Soil Remediation Workshop (ARC - Institute for Soil, Climate and Water) 2014: Environmental Management System ISO 14001:2004 Lead Auditor Training (BUREAU

VERITAS) 2013: Contaminated Land Workshop (IMBEWU Sustainability Legal Specialist (Pty) Ltd / GEO

Pollution Technologies). 2011: Climate Change: Adaptation and Mitigation – Swedish Metrological and Hydrological

Institute, Sweden (Part I Sweden and Part II Namibia). 2010: Environmental Impact Assessment Certificate – Coastal & Environmental Services /

Rhodes University, South Africa 2003: Industrial Environmental Management & Process Biotechnology – MSc Module, Rhodes

University, South Africa MEMBERSHIP / CERTIFICATION

South African Council for Natural Scientific Professions (Environmental Science: 400201/09).

International Register of Certificated Auditors (IRCA: 6017879) (ISO 14001:2004 EMS

Provisional Auditor).

Water Institute of Southern Africa (WISA) (20783).

International Water Association (IWA, UK) (00895495.)

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

May 2010 – Present: Senior Environmental Consultant (Coastal & Environmental Services, South Africa). I serve as a specialist consultant and project manager in projects that are rooted in my areas of specialisation including Basic Assessment, Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental Site Assessment (Phase 1, 2 & 3), Environmental & Social Due Diligence, Management Systems and Auditing, Bioremediation and Waste valorisation processes. My project management duties include active project opportunity search, developing expression of interest and proposals as well as the management and maintenance of prospective and existing clients. July 2009 – April 2010: Senior Research Scientist / Post graduate co-ordinator (Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Rhodes University (EBRU)). Led a research group tasked with the bioremediation of coal spoils. Lectured Sustainable Environmental Biotechnology at M.Sc and Honours levels.


January 2008 – April 2009: Post-Doctoral Fellowship / Course leader: Environmental Biotechnology at EBRU. June 2000 – November 2002: Water quality control analyst (Edo Pharmaceuticals Benin city, Nigeria). Duties included water supply and quality analyst, general wet chemistry analyst, National water quality report compilation and presentation and computer lab manager. March 1999 – February 2000: Field officer, National Programme on Immunization (NPI) (National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) Kano State, Nigeria). Duties included rural health educator, data collection for the NPI and Implementation of Polio vaccination in rural areas. CONSULTING EXPERIENCE

Sector: Mining Country / Date

1 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Zirco Kamiesberg Heavy

Mineral Namaqualand Project - Zirco Roode Heuvel (Pty) Ltd - (IFC Compliant

Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

South Africa,

2014

2 Environmental & Social Management Plan / Environmental Monitoring Plans for the

Enterprise Mine - First Quantum Minerals (Environmental & Social Management

System (ESMS) in accordance with the IFC Performance Standard 1)

Zambia, 2014

3 Environmental & Social Management Plan / Monitoring Plans for the Zirco

Kamiesberg Heavy Mineral Namaqualand Project - Zirco Roode Heuvel (Pty) Ltd –

(In accordance with the IFC Performance Standard 1)

South Africa,

2014

4 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Tete (Baobab) Iron Ore

project - Capitol Resources Limitada - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment

Report)

Mozambique,

2014

5 Environmental & Social Management Plan / Monitoring Plans for the Tete (Baobab)

Iron Ore project - Capitol Resources Limitada - (In accordance with the IFC

Performance Standard 1)

Mozambique,

2014

6 Environmental & Social Management Plan / Environmental Monitoring Plans for the

Syrah Balama Graphite Project - Syrah Resources Limited - (In accordance with the

IFC Performance Standard 1)

Mozambique,

2014

7 Environmental and Social Management System for the Toliara Sands’ Renobe Mine

Project - World Titanium Resources Ltd - (In accordance with the IFC Performance

Standard 1)

Madagascar,

2013

8 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Syrah Balama Graphite

Project - Syrah Resources Ltd

(IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Mozambique,

2013

9 International Finance Corporation Performance Standards deviation assessment

and implementation for heavy mineral mining project - Kenmare Mineral Resources

- (Environmental Compliance Report)

Mozambique,

2012

10 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Toliara Sands’ Renobe Mine

Project - World Titanium Resources Ltd - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent

Assessment Report)

Madagascar,

2012

11 Trident Copper and Nickel Project, Sentinel Deposit: Assessment of Infrastructure,

Waste and Process Related Issues - First Quantum Minerals (IFC Compliant Waste

& Effluent Assessment Report)

Zambia, 2011

12 Environmental & Social Management Plan for the GS Cimentos Cement Plant - GS

Cimentos, SARL

Mozambique,

2011

13 Effects of the Trident Project on Global Climate Change: Trident Copper and Nickel

Project, Sentinel Deposit North Western Province - First Quantum Minerals -

(Climate Change and Adaptation Report)

Zambia, 2011


14 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Kangankunde Monazite Mine

- LYNAS Africa Limited - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Malawi, 2010

15 Sanitation Assessment Report for Kenmare Moma Titanium Mining Project: -

Kenmare Mineral Resources Limited

Mozambique,

2010

16 Rehabilitation Plan for Kenmare Moma Titanium Minerals - Kenmare Mineral

Resources - (Rehabilitation plans)

Mozambique,

2010

Sector: Heavy & Light Industries including Oil and Gas Country / Date

1 Independent Environmental & Social Monitor for the Kenya / Uganda Rift Valley

Railway - Rift Valley Railways Kenya - (Quarterly & Annual Environmental Audit and

ESAP Compliance Reports)

Kenya &

Uganda,

ongoing

2 Scoping, EIA and Environmental Management Plans for the Fishwater Flats

Wastewater Treatment Works Biogas project – Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality

South Africa,

ongoing

3 Integrated Waste Management Plans for three district municipalities in the Eastern

Cape Province, South Africa (Integrated Waste Management Plan)

South Africa,

ongoing

4 Environmental and Social Due Diligence for the Depthwize/Megadrill Shallow Water

and Swamp Barge Drilling Project. African Finance Corporation - (IFC E&S

Performance Standards Compliance Assessment)

Nigeria, 2014

5 Environmental and Social Due Diligence for the Ossiomo Petrochemical Ammonia-

Urea project, Ologbo, Edo State – SWEDFUND (IFC E&S Performance Standards

Compliance Assessment)

Nigeria, 2013

6 Olokola Single Point Mooring and Tank Farm ESIA Gap Analysis based on the IFC

Performance Standards and Industry Specific guidelines and requirement – Africa

Finance Corporation (IFC E&S Performance Standards Compliance Assessment)

Nigeria, 2013

7 Environmental Due Diligence Assessment for the Coega Brick Coega IDZ – Coega

Development Corporation (Phase 1 and 2 Environmental Site Assessment)

South Africa,

2013

8 Samshi Steel Mill and Power Plant Project Sierra Leone: Waste and Wastewater

Specialist Assessment Report - Samshi Africa Ltd (IFC E&S Performance

Standards Compliance Assessment)

Sierra Leone,

2012

9 Scoping, EIA and Environmental Management Plans for the upgrade of the

Fishwater Flats Wastewater Treatment Works - Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -

(Full Environmental Impact Assessment Report)

South Africa,

2012

10 Contaminated Land Assessment for the Fishwater Flats Wastewater Treatment

Works – Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (Phase 1 and 2 Environmental Site

Assessment)

South Africa,

2012

11 Basic Assessment for the Healdtown College Sewage Treatment Package Plant,

Forth Beaufort - BKS South Africa (Basic Environmental Assessment Report)

South Africa,

2012

12 Environmental Due Diligence Assessment for the Coega Zone 6 IDZ - Coega

Development Corporation (Environmental Due Diligence)

South Africa,

2011

13 Phase I & II Environmental Due Diligence Assessment for the Coega Zone 13 IDZ -

Coega Development Corporation (Phase 1 and 2 Environmental Site Assessment)

South Africa,

2011

14 Pinedale Eco-Estate EIA. Bathurst, Eastern Cape Province South Africa – Private

Client - (EIA Report)

South Africa,

2011

15 Basic Assessment Report – Wood Energy Biomass Project, Grahamstown – Nollen

Group (Pty) Ltd (Basic Environmental Assessment Report)

South Africa,

2010

Sector: Agro-Industry Country / Date

1 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Maroua Oil Mill Project –

SODECOTON Cameroon - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Cameroon,

2014

2 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Garoua Oil Mill Project – Cameroon,


SODECOTON Cameroon - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report) 2014

3 Lúrio Green Resources AS Forest Plantation Nampula: Surface and Groundwater

Quality Assessment – Green Resources AS - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent

Assessment Report)

Mozambique,

2013

4 Equatorial Palm Oil Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS) -

Equatorial Palm Oil (ESMS in accordance with the IFC Performance Standard 1)

Liberia, 2013

5 Environmental and Social Management Plan for Niassa Green Resource AS

Forestry – Green Resources AS (Environmental & Social Management Plan)

Mozambique,

2013

6 Waste and By-product Study for EcoFarm Sugar Plantation - EcoFarm Mozambique

Lda (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Mozambique,

2013

7 Environmental and Social Management Plan for Lúrio Green Resources AS Forest

– Green Resources AS (Environmental & Social Management Plan)

Mozambique,

2012

8 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for African Plantation Biomass

Power Plant Project - African Plantation for Sustainable Development - (IFC

Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Ghana, 2012

9 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for Equatorial Palm Oil - Equatorial

Palm Oil (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Liberia, 2012

RESEARCH & TEACHING EXPERIENCE

2012 - Environmental Impact Assessment Short Course at Rhodes University

Facilitator for the EIA short course.

Lectured - Post EIA implementation and monitoring.

2009 – Current: Post-graduate Supervision

PhD Supervision: Development of a broad spectrum biocatalyst tool for coal & petroleum

contaminated soil. (Current).

MSc Supervision: Stacked-Heap coal bioreactor process in coal dumps rehabilitation. (Current).

2011: Coal-derived humic acid as a sustainable material for soil amendment. (Honours).

2011: The role of Cynodon dactylon root exudates in coal spoils rehabilitation. (Honours).

2010: Characterization and beneficiation of weathered coal-derived humic acid. (Honours).

July 2009 – April 2010: Senior Research Scientist - EBRU

Supervise and lead the coal dump bioremediation and beneficiation research group and was

responsible for its deliverables.

Lectured Sustainable Environmental Biotechnology at Post-graduate level.

Reviewer - The South African Journal of Science.

Responsible for the safety and health environment of EBRU.

Responsible for research logistics.

July 2009 – April 2010: Anglo Coal land rehabilitation (FungCoal) project, Phase III (AngloCoal)


Research: Integrated approach for beneficiating acid mine drainage (AMD) in conjunction with coal spoils and its applications in coal dump rehabilitation strategy that is channelled towards a clean development mechanism (CDM). Responsibility: Supervised and lead the research team and was responsible for its deliverables Funder: Anglo Coal South Africa. May 2008 – January 2009: Flue gas beneficiation (SASOL) Research: The beneficiation of algal sequestered industrial CO2 (derived from flue gas) for the production of biofuel (Bio-methane and Bio-diesel) and other fine chemicals. Responsibility: Research deliverables. Funder: Sasol. Outcome: Confidential Feasibility report submitted to Sasol, South Africa (2009). January 2004 – December 2007: Anglo Coal land rehabilitation (FungCoal) project, Phase II (AngloCoal) Research: The microbial biotransformation of coal materials for coal dump rehabilitation purpose and the beneficiation of coal waste spoils Responsibility: Research deliverables. Funder: Anglo Coal South Africa. Outcomes:

Patented technology (See Patent & Publications).

Publications (See Patent & Publications).

PhD thesis (2007). (See Patent & Publications)

Anglo Coal FungCoal Report, Phase I and II. (See Patent & Publications)

Grant awarded for FungCoal Phase III: Research grant for 4-year duration.

February 2003 – January 2004: Anglo Platinum wastewater treatment project (Anglo Platinum) Research: Investigating the enzymatic recovery of platinum from platinum waste streams Responsibility: Responsible for the research outcome Funder: Anglo Platinum South Africa. Outcomes:

MSc thesis (2004) (See Patent & Publications).

Beneficiation of platinum wastewater - Confidential report submitted to Anglo Platinum South

Africa (2004)

SELECTED PUBLICATIONS AND PATENT

2013: Lerato M. Sekhohola, Eric E. Igbinigie and A. Keith Cowan. Biological degradation and solubilization of coal: A review. Biodegradation. 24(3):305-318. 2011: South African Patent Office Patent Number 2010/02354 - Rhodes University (Stacked-Heap Coal Bioreactor). Contributors: Rose, P.D., Igbinigie, E.E., Horan, M.P., Dames, J.F & Mukasa-Mugerwa, T.T. 2010. Igbinigie, E.E., Mutambanengwe, C.Z. & Rose, P.D. Phyto-bioconversion of hard coal in Cynodon dactylon/coal rhizosphere. Biotechnology Journal. 5:292-303.


2008. Igbinigie, E.E., Atkins, S., van Breugel, Y., van Dyke, S., Davies-Coleman, M.T. & Rose, P.D. Fungal biodegradation of hard coal by a newly reported isolate, Neosartorya fischeri. Biotechnology Journal. 3:1407-1416. 2007. Igbinigie, E.E. The rhizosphere as a bioprocess environment for the bioconversion of hard coal. PhD Thesis. Rhodes University. 2007. Rose, P.D., Igbinigie, E.E., Horan, M., Atkins, S., van Dyk, S., van Breugel, Y., Mukasa-Mugerwa, T., Dames, J., Mutambanengwe, C.Z., Bowker, M. & Laubscher, R. Biotechnology of coal biosolubilization and applications in waste coal beneficiation. Anglo Coal FungCoal Report, Phase II. 1-349. 2004. Rose, P.D., Clarke, A. & Igbinigie, E.E. Biotechnology of coal biosolubilization and applications in biological treatment of mine drainage wastewaters and waste coal beneficiation. Anglo Coal FungCoal Report, Phase I. 1-100. 2004. Igbinigie, E.E. The enzymatic use of hydrogenase in sulphate reducing bacteria for the removal of platinum from industrial wastewater. MSc Thesis. Rhodes University.


CRAIG SHOLTO-DOUGLAS

Date of Birth: 16-02-1989

QUALIFICATIONS

2012 – B.SC. Zoology & Environmental Science (Rhodes University) 2013 – B.Sc. Honours Environmental Science (Rhodes University) 2014 – MSc Environmental Science (Rhodes University – on going) PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

January 2015 – Present: Environmental Consultant (EOH Coastal & Environmental Services) January 2013 – August 2014: Restoration Ecologist (Rhodes Restoration Research Group) January 2012 – November 2014: Graduate Assistant (Rhodes University, Department of Environmental Science)

SELECTED CONSULTING EXPERIENCE

Restoration ecologist at Rhodes Restoration Research Group Carbon and biodiversity baseline assessments of the Greater Addo Elephant National

Park Subtropical Thicket Restoration Project (STRP) Since starting at EOH CES in January 2015, I have been involved in the following projects: Fairewood Estate Development BAR and Ecological Specialist Study Baobab Iron Ore Tete Mozambique Ecological Survey Baobab ESHIA Triton Minerals ESIA

RESEARCH & TEACHING EXPERIENCE

I hold a BSc (Env Sci and Zoology) and a BSc (Hons) in Environmental Science. I am currently completing my MSc in Environmental Science, focusing on factors influencing survivorship of Portulacaria afra (Spekboom) cuttings, in attempts to restore degraded lands in the Greater Addo Elephant National Park. I have consulting experience in the restoration ecology and natural resource management fields, with focus on the Subtropical Thicket Restoration Project (STRP). My academic background includes courses in Urban Forestry and Greening, Non-Timber Forest Products, Community-Based Natural Resource Management and G.I.S. Other research projects include;

A population census of Leopard (Panthera pardus) at Kwandwe Private Game

Reserve, Eastern Cape, South Africa,

User perceptions of Public Urban Greenspaces in Grahamstown, Eastern Cape,

South Africa,

The effects of indigenous invasive species on plant species richness: ecological

friends or foe?


APPENDIX 3: SPECIALIST DECLARATION