psych 1 -- introduction to psychology 1 introduction and research methods– chapter 1 what is...
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Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
1
Introduction andResearch Methods– Chapter 1
What is psychology? Scientific Method Research Sampling Key Terms History of Psychology More Trends in Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
2
What is Psychology?
• The study of behavior and mental processes• Psyche = mind logo = study Y• Goals of psychology:
– Describe– Explain– Predict– Control
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
3
Scientific Method
1. State the Problem
2. Gather background information
3. Create a Hypothesis
4. Test the Hypothesis
5. Make and Record Your Observations
6. Analyze the Data
7. Conclusion
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
4
Research
• Descriptive Methods– Naturalistic, Laboratory, Case study, Survey
• Experimental Method – Independent/dependent variables– Cause and effect– Experimental and control groups
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
5
Research• Correlational method
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
6
Sampling
population
sample
Random sample Dirty sample
sample
population
population
sample
Biased sample
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
7
Key Terms
1. Logical positivism
2. Social constructionism (Experimental bias)
3. Alpha bias
4. Beta bias
5. Meta-analysis
6. Placebo effect
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
8
History and Schools of PsychologyWilhelm Wundt = father of psychology
Edward Titchner = structuralism
William James = functionalism
John Watson = behaviorism
Sigmund Freud = psychoanalysis
Maslow and Rogers = humanistic psychology
Wertheimer = Cognitive (gestalt)
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
Psych 1 -- Introduction to Psychology
9
More Trends in Psychology
• Evolutionary• Biological or physiological• Sociocultural
• Most use an eclectic approach