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PUSAT ISLAM UNISZA ONLINE APPOINTMENT
SYSTEM
MUHAMMAD MIQDAD BIN MUHAMMAD AZMI
BACHELOR OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
(INTERNET COMPUTING)
UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN
2017
PUSAT ISLAM UNISZA ONLINE APPOINTMENT SYSTEM
MUHAMMAD MIQDAD BIN MUHAMMAD AZMI
Bachelor of Computer Science (Internet Computing)
Faculty of Informatics and Computing
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
MAY 2017
i
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this report is based on my original work except for quotations and
citations, which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has not been
previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Universiti Sultan Zainal
Abidin or other institutions.
________________________________
Name : Muhammad Miqdad Bin Muhammad Azmi
Date : 14 May 2017
ii
CONFIRMATION
This is to confirm that: Project report title Pusat Islam UniSZA Online Appointment
System was prepared and submitted by Muhammad Miqdad Bin Muhammad Azmi,
matric number 037723 and has been found satisfactory in term of scope, quality and
presentation as partial fulfilment of the requirement for the Bachelor of Computer Science
(Internet Computing) in University Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA).
The research conducted and the writing of this report was under my supervison.
________________________________
Name : Dr. Engku Fadzli Hasan Bin Syed Abdullah
Date : 14 May 2017
iii
DEDICATION
First of all, praised be to Allah, the Most Gracious and The Most Merciful for
blessing me and give strength and opportunity to develop and complete my final year
project, Pusat Islam UniSZA Online Appointment System.
Other than that, I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartiest
gratitude to my supervisor, Dr Engku Fadzli Hasan Bin Syed Abdullah for her teachings,
kindness, patience, and motivations towards this project. It has been honoured to be
supervised by such great lecturer that have teach and guide me a lot with his guidance and
invaluable advices.
Last but not least, I also want to say thank you to my beloved parents, my mother,
Siti Mariam Binti Jamlus and my father, Muhammad Azmi Bin Mustapha for always
being there supporting me and for all your care and corcern. They never forget to pray for
my success in this world and hereafter. Lastly thank you to all my friends that giving me
support and assisted me a lot in completing this project especially in development process
of this project.I will never forget to all of your helpful contribution that is very valuable to
me and at the same time set a path toward the success of this project.
iv
ABSTRACT
As we know, Pusat Islam UniSZA have provided many programs and activities for
UniSZA itself and for students to organize activities to add their social skill. They also
helps students in giving religious advice so that students especially Muslims do not forget
about their religion. There are time where students can make an appointment with the
staff of Pusat in case to correct their Al-Quran Tajweed or receive religious advice from
‘ustaz’ or staff at Pusat Islam UniSZA. Pusat Islam UniSZA Online Appointment
Management System is a web-based system develop for UniSZA student. The problem
statement for the project is student must make an appointment manually and wait until the
staff at Pusat Islam UniSZA are available. This system will function online where
students can access the system anytime. The objective of development of this system is to
design an appointment management system that can make an appointment through online
website. This system will be developed using some Programming Tools with the
combination of PHP and MySQL. The scope of this system for students and staffs are
registration and make an appointment. Admin scope is update an appointment schedule
and manage student or staff. Admin also can register staff and generate report. The
technique that will be implemented on this system is priority scheduling algorithm which
is suitable and effective in this online appointment system for schedule appointment and
check availability. This system will help UniSZA students and staffs to solve their
problem and ease them to make the appointment via online using this application through
any devices. In conclusion, the development of this application can help the meeting
session to manage their schedule appointment in good ways.
v
ABSTRAK
Seperti yang kita tahu, Pusat Islam UniSZA telah menyediakan pelbagai program dan
aktiviti untuk UniSZA sendiri dan kepada pelajar untuk menganjurkan aktiviti-aktiviti
untuk menambah kemahiran sosial mereka. Mereka juga membantu pelajar dalam
memberi nasihat agama supaya pelajar terutama umat Islam tidak melupakan agama
mereka. Terdapat masa di mana pelajar boleh membuat temujanji dengan kakitangan
Pusat dalam kes untuk membetulkan mereka Al-Quran Tajweed atau menerima nasihat
agama dari 'ustaz' atau kakitangan di Pusat Islam UniSZA. Pusat Islam UniSZA Online
Pelantikan Sistem Pengurusan adalah satu sistem berasaskan web membangunkan untuk
pelajar UniSZA. Kenyataan masalah bagi projek ini adalah pelajar perlu membuat
temujanji secara manual dan menunggu sehingga kakitangan di Pusat Islam UniSZA
disediakan. sistem ini akan berfungsi dalam talian di mana pelajar boleh mengakses
sistem bila-bila masa. Objektif pembangunan sistem ini adalah untuk mereka bentuk
sistem pengurusan pelantikan yang boleh membuat temujanji melalui laman web dalam
talian. Sistem ini akan dibangunkan menggunakan beberapa alat Programming dengan
kombinasi PHP dan MySQL. Skop sistem ini untuk pelajar dan kakitangan adalah
pendaftaran dan membuat temujanji. Skop admin adalah mengemas kini jadual temujanji
dan menguruskan pelajar atau kakitangan. Admin juga boleh mendaftar kakitangan dan
menjana laporan. Teknik yang akan dilaksanakan pada sistem ini adalah keutamaan
penjadualan algoritma yang sesuai dan berkesan dalam sistem pelantikan talian ini untuk
jadual pelantikan dan semak ketersediaan. sistem ini akan membantu pelajar UniSZA dan
kakitangan untuk menyelesaikan masalah mereka dan memudahkan mereka untuk
membuat temujanji secara online menggunakan aplikasi ini melalui mana-mana peranti.
Kesimpulannya, pembangunan aplikasi ini boleh membantu sesi mesyuarat untuk
menguruskan pelantikan jadual mereka dengan cara yang baik.
vi
CONTENTS
Table of Contents DECLARATION .................................................................................................................................... i
CONFIRMATION ................................................................................................................................ ii
DEDICATION ..................................................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................................... iv
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................................................ v
CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................ vi
CHAPTER 1 ........................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................1
1.1 Project Background .......................................................................................................1
1.2 Problem Statement .......................................................................................................2
1.3 Objectives......................................................................................................................2
1.4 Scope .............................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 2 ........................................................................................................................................5
LITERATURE REVIEW .....................................................................................................................5
2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................5
2.6 Comparison Table ...............................................................................................................9
2.7 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 11
CHAPTER 3 ..................................................................................................................................... 12
METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................................... 12
3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 12
3.2 Research Paradigm and Justification ............................................................................... 13
3.3 System Development Methodology ............................................................................... 14
3.4 System Requirement ........................................................................................................ 17
3.5 System Design .................................................................................................................. 19
3.6 Database Design ............................................................................................................... 26
3.7 Database Scheme ............................................................................................................. 27
3.8 References ....................................................................................................................... 31
vii
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TITLE PAGE
2.1 Comparison between Journals 9
3.1 Table Student 27
3.2 Table Appointment 28
3.3 Table Schedule 29
3.4 Table Staff 30
viii
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE PAGE
3.1 Iterative Model 14
3.2 Context Diagram 20
3.3 DFD level 0 21
3.4 DFD Level 1 (Register User) 22
3.5 DFD Level 1 (Register User) 23
3.6 DFD Level 1 (Register User) 24
3.7 DFD Level 1 (Register User) 25
3.8 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) 26
ix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS / TERMS / SYMBOLS
CD Context Diagram
DFD Data Flow Diagram
ERD Entity Relationship Diagram
FYP Final year project
UniSZA University Sultan Zainal Abidin
HTML Hyper Text Markup Languange
PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Background
Islamic Centre of UniSZA or Pusat Islam UniSZA is a department that act as a
center of reference and community services in matters related to the Islamic Affairs
and also a place for dissemination of knowledge and dakwah [5]. Pusat Islam UniSZA
also provides many programs and activities for UniSZA itself and for students to
organize activities to add their social skill. Moreover, they helps students in giving
religious advice so that students especially Muslims do not forget about their religion.
So, sometimes there are some appointment need to be made between Pusat Islam staff
and student.
Futhermore, appointment is an arrangement to meet someone or a person at a
certain place and at a certain time as promised. Presently, appointment for Pusat Islam
had to be held manually and sometimes a few problems occur when there are
redundant date among staff that involved many programs.
So Pusat Islam Online Appointment System is the better approach for them to
upgrade the manual system into more systematic and automated way. This system is
designed to ease the process of appointment between UniSZA’s student and Pusat
Islam staff. It will check the availability of staff at Pusat Islam based on their work-
load and recent activity. In addition , there will be a reminder for staff to remind them
about their next program and activity and they can manage their own schedule.
2
Lastly, this online appointment system can be developed based on scheduling
using priority scheduling to determined which staff is available to make an
appointment or to booking them for an activity.
1.2 Problem Statement
Currently, appointment with staff and booking staff at Pusat Islam have to be make
manually, therefore this problem are arising :
I. Students need to call the staff number or message them through social media and
problem occur when staff don’t pick up the phones or don’t reply the message.
II. There is redundant date Staff at Pusat Islam faces that involved many programs.
III. Too many activities caused the staff cannot remember the date and time.
1.3 Objectives
The objectives of this project are:
To study the development of online appointment system for staff of Pusat Islam
UniSZA and student community.
To develop a system that will be applied with scheduling technique to avoid
redundant date.
To test the system with the additional function which is staff remainders that can
help them to remember the exactly date and time of programmes or activities.
3
1.4 Scope
The scope of this system can be divided into two parts which are user scope and
system scope as below:
1.4.1 User Scope
1.4.1.1 Admin
I. Admin can manage calendar
II. Admin can generate report
III. Admin can manage staff by update staff info and delete staff.
IV. Admin can view report about staff list, appointment and activity
list.
1.4.1.2 Staff
I. Staff can update their schedule and manage the appointment.
II. Staff can view and update their profile
III. Staff can see their list of program and appointment
4
1.4.1.3 Student
I. Student can register and log in as student
II. Student can booking staff and set appointment
III. Student view and update their profile
IV. Student can view staff profile and their schedule.
1.4.2 System Scope
The system scopes of Pusat Islam Online Appointment System are :
I. This system can suggest the availability of staff using priority scheduling
technique and can set reminder to the staff about their next activity or
appointment.
II. This system also can generate report such as staff list, activity list and
appointment list .
5
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
In this chapter, it will focus more about research and articles in the past where we
can analyze and study about how past research can be related to our works and how
effective this method to overcome the problem on past research or works. When the study
was conducted, we will see the concept of the system that will be developed and know the
user requirement based on the journal that we study. In addition, we must do comparison
between this past research to search for similar technique and system with the proposed
project. So, in order to develop Pusat Islam Online Appointmnet System , a few past
research were analyzed and studied.
6
2.2 WAS-GN: Web-based Appointment System with GSM Network
This paper presents a new way of online communications through mobile to web
that helps students and lecturers to be always aware of appointments no matter where they
are. It contributes to the teaching and learning process, in which communication is made
easy using short messaging system (SMS) technology which is called Web-based Student
Appointment System with GSM Network (WASGN)[1]. It starts with examples of
previous success stories of the implementation of SMS in many areas.
The objectives of the paper are to discuss about the hardware and software
requirement, and integrate them to be measured in terms of functionality. This study also
recommends that SMS technology can help solving students problem in making
appointment with lecturers. The problem can be seen in this scenario: Meeting lecturers is
important for students. It is easy to meet or make appointments when the lecturers are
visible. However, lecturers are busy with activities such as attending meeting, handling
and conducting classes and tutorials, administrative works, outstation for conferences,
and courses. In practice, when lecturers are not visible, students would just leave a note
on lecturers’ board to make an appointment. But lecturers tend to miss the notes. This
study suggests that when the lecturers are out of the office and are invisible anywhere, a
technology should be used to play the role. Therefore, the WAS-GN is proposed to ensure
the appointment can be set between students and lecturers. Briefly, results show that
WAS-GN is able to solve the appointment-making problem.
7
2.3 Scheduling Algorithm Application To Solve Simple Problem In Diagnostic
Related Health Care
This paper aims to raise the awareness of diagnostic specialists with regard to
practical scheduling algorithm applications. Scheduling algorithm applications used as
part of mainstream decision making by diagnostic centre specialists. Common people in
the real world facing so many solvable problems each and every day in diagnostic centers
for malaria parasite checkup. If diagnostic specialist takes proper care then it is solvable
simple problems. This paper also explained basic applications along with problems with
suitable simple solutions through scheduling algorithm techniques and graph theory about
it.
In other than that, several scheduling algorithm applications have been described
in this paper. Graphical solution to overflow problem also has been described in simple
way. There are other health care areas where these applications will be useful. But the
best suitable algorithm or method that mentioned in this paper is Round Robin algorithm
because it leads to saving patient, specialist time and possibility of testing more patients.
2.4 Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Health Care Appointment System using
ARENA
In this research paper, they studied the current appointment system. The current
situation in the clinic is that the patients arrive and register at the beginning of each
session and keep waiting until their turn come. In some cases patient have to wait very
long time before receiving consultation from specific doctor. Eight (alternatives) are
modeled and simulated using Arena software based on the two performance measures;
maximizing the utilization of the doctor time and minimizing the average waiting time
per patient in the clinic. The problem is modeled as a Multi-Objective optimization
problem. The aim is to optimize the system by optimizing the above two objective
functions generated by Arena software. In this study, they consider an outpatient clinic.
8
The objective of this research paper is to design an appointment system that will
minimize the patient average waiting time in the clinic and at the same time maximize the
doctor's utilization. The problem is thus considered as a multi-objective. This research
proposes a model that will give a better appointment system and schedule for patients.
The procedure is implemented on an outpatient clinic at Doha Hospital clinic by
modeling and simulating the eight categories of an appointment system using the
modeling and simulation package ARENA and the simulated result is compared with the
current situation in the clinic.
2.5 Sequential Clinical Scheduling with Patient No-shows and General Service Time
Distributions
A sequential clinical scheduling method for patients with general service time
distributions is developed in this paper. Patients call a medical clinic to request an
appointment with their physician. During the call, the scheduler assigns the patient to an
available slot in the physician's schedule. This is communicated to the patient before the
call terminates and, thus, the schedule is constructed sequentially. In practice, there is
very limited opportunity to adjust the schedule once the complete set of patients is
known. Scheduled patients might not attend, that is, they might “no-show,” and the
service times of those attending are random.
Therefore, a myopic scheduling algorithm with an optimal stopping criteria for
this problem assuming exponential service times already exists in the literature. This
work relaxes this assumption and develops numerical techniques for general service time
distributions. A special case in which service times are gamma distributed is considered
and it is shown that computation is significantly reduced. Finally, exhaustive
experimental results are provided along with discussions that provide insights into the
practical aspects of the scheduling approach.
9
2.6 Comparison Table
Table 2.1: Comparison between Journals
Name/Author Title Objective Method Findings
Mohd Helmy
Abd Wahab,
Ooi Lee Lee,
Herdawatie
Abdul Kadir,
Ayob Johari,
Ariffin Abdul
Mutalib,
Mohamad
Farhan
Mohamad
Mohsin,
Roslina Mohd
Sidek,
A.Noraziah.
(2011)
WAS-GN:
Web-based
Appointment
System with
GSM Network
- To discuss about
the hardware and
software
requirement, and
integrate them to be
measured in terms
of functionality.
-To recommends
that SMS
technology can help
solving students
problem in making
appointment with
lecturers.
GSM
Network(SMS)
It utilizes the two
way
communication
using Web-to-
SMS technology
L.
Screenivasulu
Reddy, V.
Vasu & M.
Usha Rani.
(2012)
Scheduling
Algorithm
Application To
Solve Simple
Problem In
Diagnostic
Related Health
Care Centres.
To raise awareness
of diagnostic
specialist with
regard to practical
scheduling
algorithm
application
Round Robin
Algorithm
- Round Robin
added pre-
emption to
switch between
patients.
- Avoid wasting
time between
each step namely
10
quantum so that
simultaneously
we can do work
with more than
one patient at a
time.
Aliyu Isah
Aliyu, Tukur
Abdulkadir
Sulaiman and
Abdullahi
Yusuf
(2015)
Modeling and
Simulation
Analysis of
Health
Care
Appointment
System using
ARENA
- To develop
appointment
systems for
outpatient
department in a
health care system
- To design an
appointment system
that will minimize
the patient average
waiting time in the
clinic and
at the same time
maximize the
doctor's utilization
are.
ARENA
software based
Eight
(alternatives) are
modeled and
simulated using
Arena software
based on the two
performance
measures;
maximizing the
utilization of the
doctor time and
minimizing the
average waiting
time per patient
in the clinic.
Santanu
Chakraborty,
K.Muthuraman
and Mark
Lawley. (2010)
Sequential
clinical
scheduling with
patient no-
shows and
general service
time
distributions
- To present
sequential clinical
scheduling
mechanism for
patients with
general service time
distributions and
multiple no-show
probabilities.
- Scheduling
algorithm
- Gamma
distrubution
- Exhaustive
computational
Gamma service
times can show
how the
computational
requirements can
be reduced for
this case.
11
To focuses on using
no show behavior to
create patient
schedules that
balance factors such
as patient waiting
time, staff overtime,
physician
utilization, and
clinic revenue
2.7 Conclusion
There are many online appointment system that are developed today to ease the
user on making some appointment. Some people feel that appointment is very important
to them especially for medical appointment or appointment with the doctors. So, for this
proposed system, I have make some review and research on some paperwork that will
help me to gather information and guide me through this development of proposed
system.
Futhermore, this study is focus more on gather information about some method or
technique that are used on past research, current application or system and article on
website as guidance to proposed for better new system that will give benefits to society.
After doing analysis on previous research paper, there are few technique for develop
appointment system that have been discovered. Therefore, I want to propose a new
project or system to make online appointment for Pusat Islam UniSZA that used
scheduling technique which is more effective, systematic and better than current system
in term of user friendly and usability.
12
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
Methodology is the way that we used to be a standard guidelines that must be
followed and it described a set of activities required to concerns expressed in the project
development life cycle. The selection of suitable methodology and meet the needs of
project will be able to produce system that are easy to maintain and monitor.
Futhermore, this chapter will cover the explanation of methodology that are going
to used in the software development life cycle. It is an important step since it will guide
researcher through project development. So, before we want to plan a good project, we
need to understand the user’s requirement. In addition, methodology is a formalized
approach to implement the SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle). There are various
SDLC models defined and designed for software development process. For this project, I
choose Iterative models and the details of every phase that involved will be explained.
13
3.2 Research Paradigm and Justification
For Pusat Islam UniSZA Online Appointment System, Iterative model have been
used as a guidelines for the planning and development process of the system. Iterative
process starts with a simple implementation of a subset of the software requirements and
iteratively enhances the evolving versions until the full system is implemented. At each
iteration, design modifications are made and new functional capabilities are added. The
basic idea behind this method is to develop a system through repeated cycles (iterative)
and in smaller portions at a time (incremental).
Other than that, for each cycle of the model, a decision has to be made as to
whether the software produced by the cycle will be discarded, or kept as a starting point
for the next cycle. Eventually a point will be reached where the requirements are
complete and the software can be delivered, or it becomes impossible to enhance the
software as required, and a fresh start has to be made.
Pusat Islam UniSZA Online Appointment System starts with the design of the
entire system before actually begin to develop the real system and define the design
solution for the added value of the system. Development of the system was build based on
module. Then, each module will be improved step by step. Hence, the defects can be
tracked at early stages. This can avoids the decending flow of the deficiency.
Lastly, rigorous validation of requirements, and verification including testing of
each version of the software against those requirements within each cycle of the model is
a key to successful use of an iterative software development lifecycle.
14
3.3 System Development Methodology
Figure 3.1: Iterative Model
This methodology is used to guide the development process of the entire system.
The following diagram above shows the approach to be taken towards implementation of
this project so that development of this project are going smoothly and successful in the
end.
15
3.3.1 Planning
In this phase, initial planning and study are based on manual system in Pusat
Islam UniSZA was done for searching for problem statement of the system that will be
developed. This study was so important to find out the user requirement, who was
involved and how an appointment was organized and conducted.
Other than that, all the information that was collected must be arranged well to
know how it was going to work so that the system that will be proposed can fulfil the user
requirements in the future. Therefore, the objective and scope of the project was
determined to find the solution for problem statement. Meanwhile, the planning phase
start with brainstorming idea with supervisor to proposed the title of the project and do
the work plan which describes the activities required for completing the project like
designing and prototyping. All the activities in work plan must be complete in a given
period so that the project can be complete smoothly and successfully.
3.3.2 Analysis
In analysis phase, an analysis have been made on some past research on existing
appointment system in the internet and start to gather information through literature
review and comparison on few research paper. Then, analysis on manual system in Pusat
Islam UniSZA also have been made so that all the requirement can be discussed on what
the system can do and how it work or function. In addition, after make some review on
the internet, journal and research paper, the technique and method that are suitable are
identified. It make thing easier when all information are gathered and programming
language that are chosen for develop Pusat Islam UniSZA web-based system are PHP and
HTML
16
3.3.3 Design
In this phase, it will discuss about how you convert all information gathered into
system design. There will be an architecture design, user interface design and database
design in this project development. Context diagram, data flow diagram (DFD) and entity
relationship diagram are include in architecture design and design carefully according to
the scope of the system. Good architecture design can give a clear view of the system that
are going to develop.
After that, user interface was design to implement the all modules in the system
and find the suitable framework to build this system. Database design also important to be
implemented in the system by designing data dictionary.
3.3.4 Implementation
In this phase, the system development was started by do the code using HTML and
implement the framework that was design before. The programming language for
development Pusat Islam UniSZA Online Appointment System is PHP and XAMPP
server was used to connect system to the database. The implementation of the system are
develop module by module. Other than that, algorithm or technique will be implemented as
an added value for the system. Lastly, user part need to be accomplish completely so that the
system meets the objectives and user requirement.
3.3.5 Testing
In the testing phase, we need to test the system to check whether it function well or have
some error in the system. Unit testing was done in order to test every module of the
system modules to ensure that its meet system requirement and have CRUD in the
system. After all testing have been done, correction on some error have been made so that
complete system can be presented to the final user.
17
3.3.6 Deployment
The system is now ready to be presented to the panel and final user and they will
check and test the system. If any problem occur, they will comment and suggest an
improvement to the system. The system should have the contribution to the community
and user when it is completely function. Lastly, correction should be done on some
problems in the system so that it can be upgrade from the previous one.
3.4 System Requirement
The requirement of hardware and software play an important role in part of
project development because it will help you along the development of project and some
project maybe can fail and malfunction if software and hardware requirement have
problems. So, these are the details of the system requirement for Pusat Islam UniSZA
Online Appointment System.
3.4.1 Hardware Requirement
i. Laptop Lenovo Ideapad 310
To develop the system which have these specification : Intel CORE i5 7th
Gen, 2.50GHz, 8.00GB RAM.64-bit Operating System
ii. Printer
Used to print document or hardcopy (proposal and final report)
iii. Flash Dive Kingston
Used to backup the develop system and files related
18
3.4.2 Software Requirement
i. Notepad++
Used to write a code and design an interface
ii. Xampp Server MySQL
Used to design database and connect to database
iii. Google Chrome
As a platform to run the system
iv. Microsoft Office Word 2010
Used to write a report and proposal
v. Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2010
Used to make a slide for all presentation
19
3.5 System Design
In this phase, it will show the process and flow of the system development and
how it will organized so that this project will developed and runs smoothly and
successfully. So, it will divided into two section of process which is conceptual data
model and modelling process. Conceptual data modeling is representation of data
available in the organization. It displays the overall structure of data available on the
system and how the system will be implemented. While modeling process involves a
graphical representation of the function and process for the development of a system,
before the system was developed.
The design in this system includes Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), as logical
design, while Context Diagram (CD) and Data Flow Diagram (DFD) as physical design.
There are also have data dictionary that explain details about database in the system. The
design of the system must be done carefully to make sure the main structure of the system
can be seen and have a clear view of it.
20
3.5.1 Context Diagram
Context Diagram is a diagram that shows the main flow of entire system. It will
show the entity involves in the system and what they can do. Pusat Islam Online
Appointment Sytem have three entities which are admin, staff of Pusat Islam and student.
Each of them have their own task.
Figure 3.2 : Context Diagram
STUDENTSTAFF
0
Pusat Islam Unisza
Online Appointment
System
Appointment Info
ADMIN
Student Registration Verification
Appointment Confirmation
Staff Profile Details
Staff Schedule Info
Student profile
Staff Registration Verification
Appointment Details
Student Info Staff Info
Staff Registration ApprovalStudent Registration
Approval
Report InfoAppointment Record Details
Appointment Record Data
Appointment Record List
21
3.5.2 Data Flow Diagram
Data Flow Diagram IDFD) is a diagram that shows the flow of the data on the
system. It shows the flow of process and on which data store the data will be carried
and save.
3.5.2.1 Data Flow Diagram (DFD Level 0)
All the process happens in data flow diagram are module that involves in Pusat Islam
Online Appointment System. There are four module in this system and the details will be
explained in (DFD) level 1. The structure of DFD level 0 as shown in Figure 3.3 below.
Figure 3.3 : DFD level 0
STUDENT ADMIN
1.0
REGISTER USER
D2
2.0
MANAGE SCHEDULE
3.0
SET APPOINTMENT
4.0
CREATE REPORT
STAFF
D3
D4
Student Profile
Student Registration Verification
Student Info
Staff registration Approval
Staff Store
Staff data
Schedule Details Schedule Store
Activity Data
Appointment Info
Appointment Confirmation
Appointment List Data
Appointment Report Details
Appointment Details
Appointment Data
Appointment Store
Appointment Report Info
Report Data
D1 Student Store
Activity Info
Appointment Details
Student Data
Staff Profile
Staff Registration Verification
Staff Info
Student registration Approval
Student Details
Staff Details
Student Details
Staff Details
Staff Details
Schedule Details
Staff Details
Schedule Details
Appointment Report Details
22
3.5.2.2 DFD Level 1 (Register User)
Figure 3.4 shows the Data Flow Diagram (DFD) level 1 for user registration
process which is student and staff. This two users needs to fill in the registration form
before enter the Pusat Islam Online Appointment System. After they completed the
registration process, admin will give them username and password. There are also have
update option for both student and staff in order to update their information or profile. In
addition, admin have ability to delete the retired staff or staff that quit their job.
Figure 3.4 : DFD Level 1 (Register User)
STUDENT ADMIN
1.1
Add User
D2
1.2
Update User
STAFF
Student Profile
Student Registration Verification
Student Info
Staff registration Approval
Staff StoreStaff data
D1 Student StoreStudent Data
Staff Profile
Staff Registration Verification
Staff Info
Student registration Approval
Student New Details Staff Updated Details
Staff New DetailsStudent Updated Details
1.3
Delete Staff
Staff Details
Staff Deleted Details
Staff Details
Staff Deleted Details
23
3.5.2.3 DFD Level 1 (Manage Schedule)
Figure 3.5 shows the process acquired for staff of Pusat Islam only. Staff can add
new activities for their schedule and also can update or delete the activities. Then they can
view their diaries of activites in this system.
Figure 3.5 : DFD Level 1 (Manage Schedule)
STAFF
2.1
Add New Activities
2.2
Update Activities
Activities Info
Schedule Details
2.3
Delete Activities
Activity Updated Data
Activities Deletion
Activities Data
Schedule
Details
D2 Schedule Store
Activities Info
Schedule Details
Activities Deletion
24
3.5.2.4 DFD Level 1 (Set Appointment)
Figure 3.6 shows the process on how the appointment is made between student
and staff. This is the main process of Pusat Islam Online Appointment System. In this
module, student can set their appointment by entering their appointment information such
as detais activities or what kind of appointment is needed. Then the system will suggest
the suitable time and staff that available on that day.
Figure 3.6 ; DFD Level 1 (Set Appointment)
STUDENT
3.1
Set New
Appointment
3.2
Check Staff Schedule
D1
Appointment Info
New
Appointment Info
Appointment Confirmation
Student
Detailsstudent store
D3 schedule store
Schedule
Details
25
3.5.2.5 DFD Level 1 (Create Report)
Figure 3,7 shows the prosess of create report that is managed by admin. Admin
will get the details data about appointment, student information and staff information.
Then, admin can generate report and will be view by staff or student.
Figure 3.7 : DFD Level 1 (Create Report)
ADMIN
4.1
Student Report
4.2
Staff Report
D4
Student Store
4.3
Appointment Report
Appointment Report Data
D2
D1
Staff Store
Appointment Store
STUDENT
STAFF
Appointment Report Details
Appointment Report Details
Staff Report Data
Student Report Data
Student Details
Appointment Details
Staff Details
Staff Report Details
Student info
Staff info
Appointment info
26
3.6 Database Design
The database is very important in the development of system because it can store
the data used by the system and the system can generate report based on information in
database. By the way, database is a collection of information that have been organized so
that it can easily be accessed, managed and update. Generally, it contains collection of
records, have its own structure and input data type.
3.6.1 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)
Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) is used describe about data requirement and
assumptions in the system from a top-down perspective. ERD only show the main table
that involve in the Pusat Islam Online Appointment System. This tables are related to
each other to form one functional system. The table that state on the ERD below are
STUDENT, APPOINTMENT, STAFF and SCHEDULE.
Figure 3.8 : Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)
matric_no
appointment_id
staff_id
appointment_id
s_name
faculty
semester
staff_ids_email
sphone_no
STUDENT book APPOINTMENT
SCHEDULEcheck
STAFF
s_password
schedule_id
date
time
status
date
position
st_email
st_name
st_password
staff id
assign to
has
matric_no
1
no_tel
1 1 M
1
M
1
1
activity
27
3.7 Database Scheme
3.7.1 Table Student
Table 3.1 : Table Student
ATTRIBUTE
NAME DATA TYPE DATA
SIZE REMARK DESCRIPTION
matric_no Varchar 15 Primary key Refers to an matric
number held by each
student. Example:
BTCL14038549. s_password Varchar 10 None Referring to the
password that was used
by student the log-in
system. For example,
930329939. s_name Varchar 30 None Refers to the full name
of student For example,
Razak bin Majid faculty Varchar 50 None Referring to the faculty
that the student
currently studied. semester Varchar 15 None Referring to the
semester that the
student currently
studied. sphone_no Varchar 15 None Referring to the
telephone number used
by the student such
019-9277247 s_email Varchar 30 None Referring to the email
used by the student
such as
28
3.7.2 Table Appointment
Table 3.2 : Table Appointment
ATTRIBUTE
NAME DATA TYPE DATA
SIZE REMARK DESCRIPTION
appointment_id Varchar 6 Primary key Refers to an
identification
number held by
each new
appointment.
Example: AP12. matric_no Varchar 15 Foreign key Refers to an
matric number
held by each
student.
Example:
BTCL14038549. staff_id Varchar 30 Foreign Key Refers to an
identification
number held by
each staff.
Example: ST01 status Varchar 10 None Referring to the
status of the
appointment. date Varchar 15 None Referring to date
when the
appointment is
held.
29
3.7.3 Table Schedule
Table 3.3 : Table Schedule
ATTRIBUTE
NAME DATA TYPE DATA SIZE REMARK DESCRIPTION
schedule_id Varchar 6 Primary key Refers to an
identification
number held
by each client.
Example:
TDA11027466. appointment_id Varchar 6 Primary key Refers to an
identification
number held
by each new
appointment.
Example:
AP12. staff_id Varchar 30 Foreign Key Refers to an
identification
number held
by each staff.
Example: ST01 date Varchar 15 None Referring to
date when the
appointment is
held. time Varchar 15 None Referring to
time when the
appointment is
held. activity Varchar 15 None Referring to
the activity of
staff
30
3.7.4 Table Staff
Table 3.4 : Table Staff
ATTRIBUTE
NAME DATA
TYPE DATA
SIZE REMARK DESCRIPTION
staff_id Varchar 30 Foreign
Key Refers to an
identification number
held by each staff.
Example: ST01 st_password Varchar 15 None Referring to the
password that was used
by staff the log-in
system. For example,
shafie123. st_name Varchar 30 None Refers to the full name
of s as Dr Anas Bin
Malik position Varchar 50 None Referring to the current
position held by Pusat
Islam staff no_tel Varchar 15 None Referring to the
telephone number used
by the staff such 019-
9277247 st_email Varchar 30 None Referring to the email
used by the staff such
as
31
3.8 References
[1] Mohd Helmy Abd Wahab, Ooi Lee Lee, Herdawatie Abdul Kadir, Ayob Johari,
Ariffin Abdul Mutalib, Mohamad Farhan.(2011). WAS-GN: Web-based
Appointment System with GSM Network
[2] Mohamad Mohsin, Roslina Mohd Sidek, A.Noraziah. (2011) WAS-GN: Web-based
Appointment System with GSM NetworkL. Screenivasulu Reddy, V. Vasu & M.
Usha Rani. (2012). Schedulling Algorithm to Solve Simple Problem in Diagnostic
Related Health Care Centers. International Journal of Soft Compting amd
Engineering (IJSCE, Vol.2, No(2).
[3] Aliyu Isah Aliyu, Tukur Abdulkadir Sulaiman and Abdullahi Yusuf (2015) Modeling
and Simulation Analysis of Health Care Appointment System using ARENA
[4] Santanu Chakraborty, K.Muthuraman and Mark Lawley. (2010) Sequential clinical
scheduling with patient no-shows and general service time distributions.
[5] https://pusatislam.unisza.edu.my/