pwm fan speed control
TRANSCRIPT
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
Implementing PWM Fan Speed Control to Implementing PWM Fan Speed Control to 1. Reduce Acoustics1. Reduce Acoustics2. Decrease Energy Consumption, and 2. Decrease Energy Consumption, and 3. Increase Fan Performance3. Increase Fan Performance
Abe Arredondo PE JMC Products Austin Texaswww.jmcproducts.com512-834-8866
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
AgendaAgendaFan Laws: Useful formulasPWM IntroductionFan Speed Control TypesClosed Loop Interconnection Diagram – 1. Reduced Acoustics– 2. Decreased Energy Consumption
Soft Start Current MonitorMotor Configurations
– 3. Increase Fan Performance
JMC Active CoolersJMC Engineering
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
Proven 14-year track record in thermal industry$55 Million Revenue in 2003Demonstrated scalability/capacitySuccessful execution at the speed of large OEM clientsExceptional response time and support teamWorldwide hub managementDependable, just-in-time delivery capabilities
Blowers19%
Fans48%
Heat Sinks33%
Computer69%
Automotive6%
Consumer9%
Telecom16%
About JMCAbout JMC
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
Fan Laws: CFM, RPM, AcousticsFan Laws: CFM, RPM, AcousticsRPM(2)
RPM(1)
RPM(2)
RPM(1)
CFM(2)
CFM(1)
SP(2)
SP(1)
2
Acoustics Fan Law applicable only for turbulent noiseAcoustics Fan Law applicable only for turbulent noise
Definitions:
SP Static Pressure
N Noise, RPM, CFM
RPM(2)
RPM(1)N(2) – N(1) = 50 Log
10
120 x 120 x 38 mm FV 4000 RPM
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180CFM
Psta
t ("
H2O
)
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
Fan Laws: Example CFM vs. RPMFan Laws: Example CFM vs. RPM120 x 120 x 38 mm FV 4000 RPM
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180CFM
Psta
t ("
H2O
)
RPM(2)
RPM(1)
CFM(2)
CFM(1)
X RPM(2)
4000 RPM(1)
200 CFM(2)
180 CFM(1)
What is the New RPM if youWhat is the New RPM if youHave 180 CFM and Have 180 CFM and Need 200 CFMNeed 200 CFM
X = 4444 RPMX = 4444 RPM
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
Fan Laws: Example SP vs. RPMFan Laws: Example SP vs. RPM120 x 120 x 38 mm FV 4000 RPM
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180CFM
Psta
t ("
H2O
)
RPM(2)
RPM(1)
SP(2)
SP(1)
2
What is the new Static Pressure What is the new Static Pressure If you have a new RPM of 4444If you have a new RPM of 4444From 4000 RPM and From 4000 RPM and 0.80 Inches of Water 0.80 Inches of Water Static PressureStatic Pressure
4444 RPM(2)
4000 RPM(1)
X “H2O(2)
0.80 “H2O(1)
2
X = 0.987 X = 0.987 ““ H2OH2O
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
Fan Laws: Example for NoiseFan Laws: Example for Noise
RPM(2)
RPM(1)N(2) – N(1) = 50 Log
10
What is the new Noise if What is the new Noise if From the New RPM of 4444From the New RPM of 4444From 4000 RPM and From 4000 RPM and 55.0 dBa55.0 dBa
4444RPM(2)
4000RPM(1)N(2) – 55dBa = 50 Log
10
N(2) = 57.54 dBaN(2) = 57.54 dBa
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
Introduction to PWMIntroduction to PWMPWM Usage– Computers desktop, workstations, servers– Telecommunications– Set Top Boxes, TVs – Automotive Applications
Pulse Width Modulation– PWM– Duty Cycle– Frequency: QUIET IDLE Operation
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
PWM: Duty CyclePWM: Duty Cycle
50% On / 50% Off50% On / 50% Off
80% On / 20% Off80% On / 20% Off
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
PWM: FrequencyPWM: Frequency
Old 30 HzOld 30 Hz30 Square Waves per Second30 Square Waves per Second
New 25 KHzNew 25 KHz25000 Square Waves per Second25000 Square Waves per Second
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
Fan Speed Control Types Fan Speed Control Types Open Loop
Fan Speed Control– Voltage Control
2, 3, 4, Wire
Thermistor ControlClosed Loop
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
Open Loop Closed LoopPWM Control
– 4 Wire
Micro Controlled
Fan Speed Control Types Fan Speed Control Types
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
0 20 40 60 80 100
Duty Cycle %
RPM
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
PWM Closed Loop DiagramPWM Closed Loop DiagramClosed Loop System– Computers, Telecom. …
Mother Board
Thermal Management Controllers
Analog DevicesNational, TIHitachi
– OutputsPWM
– InputsThermistorFan Tachometer
All company and product names that appear in this All company and product names that appear in this presentation are the trademarks or service marks of their presentation are the trademarks or service marks of their respective owners, Analog Devices (ADT7460) respective owners, Analog Devices (ADT7460)
ThermistorThermistorAnalog DevicesAnalog Devices
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
1. Reduced Acoustics1. Reduced Acoustics of PWM fansof PWM fans
Sources of Noise1. High Speed
Turbulent Air Flow2. Motor Switching
NoisePWM Frequencies– 25 KHz (High Freq)
RPM Vs. NoiseRPM Vs. Noise
2000RPM 3000RPM 4000RPM 5000RPM 6000RPM
15dBA
20dBA
25dBA
30dBA
35dBA
40dBA
45dBA
60x25mm PWM Fan60x25mm PWM Fan
60x25mm Fan60x25mm Fan
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
2. Decreased Energy: Soft Start2. Decreased Energy: Soft StartFast Ramp Current Monitor– JMC Specific– Very High Performance PWM fans
120x38mm 5000+ RPM, 92x38mm 6000+ RPM, 60x38mm 9000+ RPM
Current SpikeCurrent SpikeAt 100% Start up orAt 100% Start up orLocked Rotor Locked Rotor
Current Spike At 100% Start up Current Spike At 100% Start up Or Locked Rotor with Or Locked Rotor with Soft Start / FAST RAMPSoft Start / FAST RAMP
TachTach
CurrentCurrentCurrentCurrent
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
2. Decreased Energy Cont.2. Decreased Energy Cont.
4 Pole Stator and Magnet Motor Types– 2 Phase Driving Elec
– Single Phase Driving Electronics
– 10%-15% Improved
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
2. Decreased Energy Cont.2. Decreased Energy Cont.
4 Pole Stator and Magnet Motor Types– 2 Phase Driving Elec
– Single Phase Driving Electronics
– 10%-15% Improved
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
3. Increase Fan Performance3. Increase Fan Performance
Increased Operational Bandwidth– Lower Idle Speeds– Higher Top Speeds
Fan Life0
1000
2000
3000
4000
0 20 40 60 80 100
Duty Cycle %
RPM
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
3. Increase Fan Performance3. Increase Fan Performance
Increased Operational Bandwidth– Lower Idle Speeds– Higher Top Speeds
Fan Life
PWM-Z
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
0 20 40 60 80 100
Duty Cycle %
RPM
NEW PWMNEW PWM--Z Fan TypeZ Fan Type
Active CoolersActive Coolers
1. Cooling Solution for Intel® P4 Socket T™(LGA775 pin package)2. Intel® Xeon™ Processor with 800 MHz Front Side Bus: Low Cost Thermal Solution3. Low Profile Graphics Coolers
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
New Cooling Solution for IntelNew Cooling Solution for Intel®® P4 P4 Socket TSocket T™™ (LGA775 pin package) (LGA775 pin package) T/R ~0.29 C/W
Cu/Al
PWM Fan4000 RPM
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
IntelIntel®® XeonXeon™™ Processor with 800 MHz Processor with 800 MHz Front Side Bus: Low Cost Thermal SolutionFront Side Bus: Low Cost Thermal Solution
T/R ~0.29 C/WAll Aluminum
PWM Fan6600 RPMPWM Optional
389 Grams
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
SINGLE SLOT SOLUTION•Ideal Graphics Card Solution•4200 RPM Fan •60x10mm •33 dBA •16.6 CFM in Free Air •0.22 A •0.80°C/Watt •Custom Retention Mechanisms
2 SLOT SOLUTION•Ideal Graphics Card Solution•3000 RPM Fan •70x15mm •28.5 dBA•0.16 A•23.5 CFM•0.55°C/Watt •Custom Retention Mechanisms
Low Profile Graphics CoolersLow Profile Graphics Coolers
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
SummarySummary3 Benefits of PWM
– Reduced Acoustics– Decreased Energy– Increase Fan Performance
Electronics Enclosure require a custom thermal solutionIndustry just started to use High Freq PWM for fan speed control
– Computers will continue to use PWM fans for the next few years – Next Technology Programmable Smart Fans
One PWM fan for many part numbers– Of similar size and CFM– Change RPM by PWM ctrl software
JMC Active Coolers
BackupBackup
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
• Customer access to lab and tooling• Test chamber and flow bench• Design assistance• Product testing, Life testing• Documentation• SLS Prototype• Qfin, SolidWorks, Maya, CFX, Spice
Cosmos/Flow, Motor SimulationTool, CFD Simulator, Concepts
• Quick-turn, in-house prototyping• Acoustic chamber• On-site Engineering consulting
JMC Engineering Capabilities JMC Engineering Capabilities
www.jmcproducts.com
Intel Technology
Symposium2004
®
Contact JMCContact JMCJMC Products Corporate Headquarters (USA)
JMC Products Europe
JMC Products Asia
Support Email
Sales Email
JMC Products Web
Corporate Headquarters
512.834.8866
353 61 484555
886 03 4707533
www.jmcproducts.com
10315A Metropolitan Drive Austin, Texas 78758 USA
Abe Arredondo [email protected]