q4 student notes packet svhs us history. the new frontier and the great society kennedy and johnson...
TRANSCRIPT
Q4 Student Notes Packet
SVHSUS History
THE NEW FRONTIER AND THE GREAT SOCIETY
KENNEDY AND JOHNSON LEAD
AMERICA IN THE 1960S
The 1960 Campaign
• Kennedy ran against __________and won
• His good looks and charms won over America
• Nixon did not look good on _______________
Delivered Friday, January 20, 1961
THE CAMELOT YEARS• The _________had a
love affair with the Kennedy Family
• Often referred to as the Camelot family they were American ________________
THE BEST AND THE BRIGHTEST• JFK surrounded himself
with the “best and the brightest” available talent
• Hoped to use this to help solve national and world ___________________
• ___________was his brother and advisor
RFK was John’s closest friend and advisor
THE NEW FRONTIER
• Kennedy’s new program called: “The New Frontier”
• ________________, education, medical care for the elderly and the poor, and _____________ exploration were all part of his vision
THE PEACE CORPS• __________ launched the
Peace Corps• It is a volunteer program
to assist developing nations for ___________ especially in Asia, Africa and Latin America
• HUGE SUCCESS
A MAN ON THE MOON
• Finally, on July 20, 1969, America Lands on the ___________
• Space and defense-related industries sprang up in Southern and Western __________
Armstrong
“One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”
TRAGEDY IN DALLAS
• On a sunny day on November 22,1963, Air Force One landed in __________________ with JFK and Jackie
• JFK received warm applause from the crowd that lined the downtown streets of Dallas as he rode in the back seat of an open-air limousine when ____________ ran out…
LYNDON BAINES JOHNSON BECOMES PRESIDENT
• Within hours the Vice-President, Lyndon Baines Johnson, became _______________
• Many Americans felt something had ______within them A somber LBJ takes the oath of
office aboard Air Force One with Jackie next to him
JFK LAID TO REST• All work ___________ for
Kennedy’s funeral as America mourned its fallen leader
• The assassination and the televised _____________ became historic events
• Like 9-11, Americans can recall where they were when they heard the news of the President’s death
Three-year old John Kennedy Jr. salutes his father’s coffin during
the funeral
LEE HARVEY OSWALD CHARGED; SHOT TO DEATH
• A 24-year-old Marine with a suspicious past left a palm print on the ___________ used to kill JFK
• When transferred from one jail to another, nightclub owner Jack Ruby broke through the crowd and shot ___________ to death Jack Ruby, right, shoots Oswald,
center, to death 11/24/63
THE GREAT SOCIETY• Lyndon Johnson (LBJ)
entered _____________ in 1937 as a congressman
• Followed Kennedy’s _____________ when he took office
Senator Johnson pictured in 1958
JOHNSON’S DOMESTIC AGENDA• As soon as Johnson took
office, he urged Congress to pass the ________________ bill that Kennedy had sent to Capital Hill
• Also pushed through the ____________ Rights Act and later the Voting Rights Act
THE WAR ON POVERTY• Following his tax cut and
Civil Rights Act successes, LBJ launched his War on _____________
• Pushed the Economic Opportunity Act - $1 billion provided to programs like Job Cop, Headstart, and _____________
Program or Law (Chapter 30.3) Purpose How might it help you
OEO
VISTA
Head Start
Medicare
Medicaid
Elementary & Secondary School Act
HUD
Corporation for Public Broadcasting
Silent Spring (book that creates 2 laws)
Gideon v Wainwright
Escobedo v Illinois
Miranda v Arizona
GREAT SOCIETY PROGRAMS
EDUCATION
• After he won the 1964 he focused on ________________reform:
• The Elementary and Secondary Education Act provided $1 billion to help public schools buy textbooks and library materials
• Supported shows like ______________________
HEALTHCARE• ______________:
provided hospital insurance and low-cost medical care to the elderly
• ________________: provided health benefits to the poor
_________• Established: Department of
Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
• Allowed to have money for __________________ housing
___________ Court
•The Judicial Branch led by the Supreme court and Chief Justice Earl Warren did much to protect _____________rights
•Brought reform and change
IMPACT OF GREAT SOCIETY
• The Great Society and the Warren Court expanded the ______________ government and ____________________ rights
• However the Great Society would decline with the focus being shifted to Vietnam…
Vietnam War
People and Places• Ho Chi Minh- ____________ who fought for
Vietnam independence• Vietminh- Ho’s resistance movement (N)• Dien Bien Phu- Place that the Vietminh
defeated the _________________• Ngo Dinh Diem- Nationalist leader (S)
supported by USA• Vietcong- Southern rebels who did not
support Diem
Independence• Occupied by ________________
frequently until 1400s• Occupied by France from mid-1800s until
1940s when Communism set in• US tried to help France and stop Commies• Dien Bien Phu falls and French
________________
Diem• Divided at 17th parallel, China supported N
and French had the S• Diem elected president of the S (1955)• Diem was _____________ and unpopular• Vietcong formed
– Communists gave support– Cruel govt– _____________
War Escalates • JFK sends troops for Diem• ______________ revolt and Diem is
overthrown• Tonkin Gulf Resolution gives president “all
measures necessary to prevent __________”• LBJ starts draft in 1965• Operation Rolling Thunder- bombing the N• Ho Chi Minh trail- network of jungle paths
Ground War• _________________ - jellied gasoline• Cluster bombs- razor sharp shrapnel• ________________ (Agent Orange)-
destroys foliage• Search and destroy missions• Pacification- move the people, burn the
village• Focused on body count
Failing Morale• Persistent fighting by Vietnamese• Death and destruction shown on ___• _____________ (opposed war) and
Hawks (pro-war)• SDS Students for a Democratic
Society- Anti-war movement• SNCC- # of African Americans in NAM
Turning Point• Tet Offensive- North Vietnam attacked,
but the USA won• Public criticism increased• 1969- secret fighting in ______________• Kissinger and Vietnamization- replace US
forces with Vietnamese troops–Peace with _______________–Stable anticommunist govt long enough to
pull out
___________State• Protestors at the university for Cambodian
bombings• National Guard sent to control after ROTC
office set on _____________• Someone shot randomly into group killing 4
Ending Nam• Nixon re-elected• Passes _______ amendment- 18 can vote• _______________ worked out a plan
–Cease-fire–Pullout all foreign troops–End of US military aid
• Plan failed, mass evacuation • The Wall in DC
The 1970s
Richard Nixon• Elected in 1968 – Republican –
called for “peace with honor”• (U.S. is still in ____________
until 1973)• Domestic Policy: New
Federalism– Economy – ______________– Cut federal spending
especially Great Society programs (still at war) – recession
Domestic Policies (cont)– Changed to Keynesian
economics and deficit spending
– Dollar off __________ standard – devalued
– Social Security benefits raised
– Appointed 4 Conservative Supreme Court Justices• __________ v. Wade• United States v. Nixon
Domestic Policies (cont)• ____________ Powers Act
–Notify Congress w/in 48 hrs of sending in troops
–Congressional approval over 60 days• ___________ Majority – white
Southerners disillusioned by Democrats too liberal leanings
Foreign PoliciesKissinger (Sec of State, NSA) idea that foreign policy should be not on moral principles but on maintaining strength (Realpolitik)
___________________- Relaxing the tension between USA and USSR, and USA and China (both “evil” Communist Countries)
• China - 1949-1970 US act if China doesn’t exist– 25% of worlds Population - TOO Big to ignore– Nixon- Recognizes China 1970; visits 1972– Set up formal relations– This put _______________on edge– US and China now on speaking terms
• USSR– Nixon visited USSR as well– Agreed to work together on space, trade and weapons– Showed willingness to work w/ each other– Cold War Tensions are reduced
Foreign Policy (cont) SALT talks– SALT I (Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty) signed
• Limits ICBM and SLBM (submarine) • Limited some Nukes• No limit on warheads-actual bomb part
• Shows gov’t concern for ________________ threat– Leads to change in Nuke technology
• Quantity is limited, ______________ doesn’t matter• More powerful smaller warheads
• Leads to Salt II (1974) and more reductions
Foreign Issues • USA supports Israel in 1973 Arab- Israeli War
• Israel vs. Syria and Egypt over territory• Israel wins quickly
• ________________ (Arab members) start oil embargo–Gas prices increase ___________%
overnight –Leads to inflation in US–OPEC and US now see the political power of
oil
Oil Crisis• OPEC - Middle Eastern
countries refused oil to U.S. causing a shortage, inflation, loss of jobs.
• The oil embargo is lifted one year later
• Prices ____________• Speed limits set at
__________ mph
Scandal• Watergate Break-in –
1972• Vice-President Spiro
Agnew resigns for failure to pay _______
• Gerald Ford appointed VP by the Senate
• Watergate scandal breaks
• Nixon _____________• Nixon Resigns – 1974
Gerald Ford• Nixon’s resignation – Ford inaugurated
• Faith in government destroyed when Ford _____________ Nixon - 1974–Freedom of
Information Act–Fall of S. Vietnam–Fall of ___________
Jimmy Carter• Elected 1976• Created Dept of Energy, Dept of
Education, Environmental Protection Agency – starts Earth Day–In response to Rachel Carson’s ___________Spring
• 26th Amendment passed – __________ yrs old can vote
Carter’s Foreign Relations• _______________ rights diplomacy
– Cut off aid to any country violating • Zimbabwe, Argentina, Chile• Arranged peace between Egypt and Israel in Camp David
Accords – opposed by the PLO
• Cold War – Continued détente with USSR and China– SALT II Treaty – limit size and amount of nuclear
weapons– USSR invaded Afghanistan Dec 1979
• _________________ 1980 Olympics in Moscow• Embargo on USSR goods
Iranian Hostage Crisis• US supported Iran to keep them from being comm.
and they had oil• The ___________of Iran – cruel to subjects –
opposed his westernization and help of US - which are planning an assassination. He escapes and is protected by the US
• Ayatollah ________________ takes over govt• Iranians take 52 Amer. hostages from the US
embassy in exchange for the Shah.• Failed rescue attempt by the US• Resolved 444 days later by Carter through
negotiation.
America in Transition• Change in immigration – more Latin American than
others– End of ________________– 12 million illegally entered immigrants by mid - 70s
• Minority Rights – changing employment restrictions, improving education opportunities, health care, etc…– Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans, Alternative
Lifestyle– Bakke v. University of California
• Environment– Clean Air Act– ___________________ Island– Love Canal - Clean Water Act
Popular Culture• Music – Disco: Bee Gees, Osmonds, Jackson 5,
David Bowie – Punk: Ramones, Billy Idol – Reggae: Bob Marley
• Movies – ___________, Star Wars, Rocky, Saturday Night Fever
• TV – Brady Bunch, _________________, Dukes of Hazard
• Fashion: Leggs pantyhose, hot pants, platform shoes, gold chains, butterfly collars
Technology• ________________ –
Intel microchip – Apple 1976
• Food Processor• Video Games• CAT Scan• MRI Scan• Skylab – unmanned
space station• _____________
Style of the 1980s
Conservative Shift
-switch from “public action to private interest”
less federal gov’t action and entitlement programs; more community action
______________ programs provide benefits to particular groups
- New Right, Conservative Coalition, Moral Majority
Return to __________ American values
-1980 election of Ronald Reagan and George Bush
Ran against Jimmy Carter
“Our nation’s internal problems are the direct result of her spiritual condition…Right living must be established as an American way of life…Now is the time to begin calling America back to God, back to the Bible, back to morality.”
Rev. Jerry Falwell
Conservatives hoped their ideas would help to
reduce the nation’s high divorce rate, lower the
number of out-of-wedlock births, encourage
individual responsibility, and generally revive traditional values.
Reagan~Bush in 1980Four Major Tenets of the
Conservative Movement:
1.Shrinking the federal government and lowering spending
2.Promoting traditional _____________ and values
3.Stimulating business by reducing government regulations and lowering taxes
4.Strengthening the national ____________________
1980 Election Results
“I’m talking in human terms and he is hiding behind a dictionary. If he wants a definition, I’ll give him one. A recession is when your neighbor loses his job. A depression is when you lose yours. A recovery is when Jimmy Carter loses his.”
Ronald Reagan, 1980 Campaign
Reaganomics-cutting government spending
Mainly on social programs that effected more limited groups
- lowering of taxes to promote _______________
-supply-side economics
-”____________down economics”
Give tax cuts to the wealthy
Wealthy will put more money into
economy and pay employees more
-economy began to respond to policies
-great deficit spending however lead to tax increases
Money for
business
Business hires more
Business produces
more
Economy Grows
Decrease Taxes
How It Works…
Cold War Escalates
-Reagan had been a hardliner against communism
Refers to USSR as the “Evil Empire”
-increased military spending
Star Wars or SDI
Shield over the US using ___________
Would shoot down nuclear missiles
-increase in nuclear arsenal
-Soviet system starts to _____________ by late 80’s
Spending too much on weapon stockpile
Between 1981 and 1984, the Defense budget almost doubled.
The Strategic Defense Initiative alone would cost in the trillions of dollars.
“Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall.”
Increased Military Spending on Cold War
The Challenger ExplosionWe watched a video in class. Write a little about what happened and the impact.
Conservative Policies-Reagan and Bush appoint
conservative justices
Chief Justice William Rehnquist
(most conservative justice on court)
Sandra Day _______________
First female Supreme Court justice
Clarence Thomas
Second African American Supreme Court justice
-__________________of the economy
lowered prices in some industries and increased competition, but created some scandals
-Savings and Loan Bailouts
Conservative Justice Appointments
1984 Election Results
In the 1984 election of Reagan against Walter Mondale, Reagan took the electoral votes of every state except Minnesota and Washington, D.C. Reagan had gained the approval, through various aspects of his presidency, of business people, southern voters, western states, and Reagan Democrats.
Social Issues-_______________
Destroys immune system
Contracted through bodily fluids
Early victims were homosexual or intravenous drug users
-Drug Abuse
____________________
Anti-Drug Campaign led by Nancy Reagan
Reagan and Bush cracked down on users and dealers
By mid-1996 the World Health Organization estimated that more than 27.9 million children and adults around the world would be infected with AIDS.
Education Reforms-”A _______________at Risk”
1983 report stating that American education was becoming mediocre compared to world
-educational debate about reform:
School voucher debate
Students/parents should have a choice in school they attend
- Educational _________ programs
Make teachers and kids accountable for learning
23 million American were unable to follow an instruction manual or fill out a job application. Many 17 year olds could not read a paragraph and draw an intelligent conclusion or distinguish between Florida and Russia on an outline map.
Equal Rights Struggle
-_____fails, equal pay issues remain
-African Americans are elected to major political positions
-Women make political advances
Sandra Day O’Connor
Geraldine ______________
First female to run for V-P of US in 1984
Title IX
No sex discrimination in education
-Affirmative Action debated
Giving minorities preference over white males if equally qualified
-Gay rights
Hate crimes, discrimination
“As a bureau chief in the district attorney’s office…I learned that I was being paid less than men with similar responsibilities. When I asked why, I was told ‘you don’t really need the money, Gerry, you’ve got a husband.”
- Geraldine Ferraro-
- Reagan begins US effort to help Nicaraguan rebels fighting Communism- _________________ Scandal---weapons secretly sold to Iran in exchange for money to be given to anti-communism Contras of Nicaragua-Grenada---effort to prevent communist rule invade and get rid of communist leaders-_______________--arrest of General Noriega to stop flow of illegal drugs
Latin American Intervention
In 1989, President Bush sent 20,000 soldiers and marines into Panama to overthrow and arrest Manuel Noriega on charges of drug trafficking. In April of 1992, he was sentenced to 40 years in prison.
-Soviets withdraw some troops in late 80’s-Democracy movements begin-Nov. 1989 Berlin Wall is ________________-Yugoslavia breaks apart and fighting begins-China experiences democratic protests
1989 _____________ Square MassacreChinese government kills hundreds of protestors, running over some with tanksUS does not respond to keep good relations with China
Cold War in Europe and AsiaFall of the Berlin Wall
Tiananmen Square
-Mikhail Gorbachev comes to power, 1985-Soviet economy is horrible Spend too much on defense, not on citizens
Gorbachev has new policies-Glasnost “_____________”-Perestroika “Free Enterprise”
-1991 coup attempted Boris _____________ Leads Soviet Union after Gorbachev resigns
-14 Republics of USSR begin to separate Soviet Union collapses
-Nuclear concerns
Soviet Collapse
“The new Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, was turning the Cold War formulas on their head. Ronald Reagan…had the vision and flexibility, lacking in many Cold Warriors, to recognize that Gorbachev was a new man in a new age offering new opportunities for peace.”
Colin Powell
Conservative Successor
-Reagan won a landslide election in 1984
-George _____________ won the 1988 election
-strong foreign policy career and former VP
-makes mistake with “Read my Lips, no new ________”
-policies suffer because of poor economy
-gridlock in gov’t appears
-George Bush’s Presidency
-Iraq invades __________ Saddam Hussein Leader of Iraq US fears oil is in jeopardy and attack on Saudi Arabia
-Operation Desert ShieldUS and UN troops push Iraqis back to their border, but do not overthrow _____________
Desert WarPersian Gulf War
“We went halfway around the world to do what is moral and just and right…We’re coming home now proud, confident, heads held high…We are Americans.”
-George Bush-
80s fashion
• Leg warmers• Crimped ____________• T-shirt Clips• Side pony tail• Rebook _______• LA Gear
• Jelly shoes• Stonewashed
___________• _______________• Puff paint
80s popular culture
• Jazzercise• _______• VCRs
80s MusicBlondie Bruce Springsteen Cher David Bowie Depeche Mode Dire Straits Dolly Parton Duran Duran Garth Brooks John Lennon Lionel Richie Madonna Michael Jackson New Kids On The Block
Olivia Newton-John Paul McCartney Paula Abdul Phil Collins Prince Queen R.E.M The Bangles The Cure
Election of 1992
-post Gulf war recession
Americans more concerned with paychecks than foreign policy
-George _____________(Republican)
Seems out of touch with average American
-Bill Clinton (Democrat)
New Democrat: spend money on citizens, while reforming welfare and aiding private business
-Ross ____________(Reform Party)
Third party candidate who takes votes from Bush
-economy was the main point of the campaign
Bill Clinton Wins 1992 Election
After the US victory in the Persian Gulf War, George Bush’s popularity
had soared to an 88 % approval rating. In early 1992, however, his approval had declined to 44% as the worsening recession reduced American incomes and increased
unemployment. In his run for reelection, Bush tried to appeal to voters on the basis of his foreign policy triumphs, but voters cared more about their pocketbooks. He could not convince the public that he had a clear strategy to end the
recession and create jobs.
Election of 1992
Clinton Administration-increase in taxes• trying to reduce deficit spending
-anti-crime initiatives
“Get Tough” policies; crime rate decreases
More ___________shootings and acts of terror were occurring (Columbine, OK City, WTC)
-national healthcare debated
Developed by Hillary Clinton but never passed
-__________________signed
North American Free Trade Agreement (Eliminate barriers to trade between US, MX, and Canada)
-Brady Bill
Waiting period on purchasing hand guns
-Family Medical Leave
Employers cannot fire individuals who must take leave due to family emergencies
Oklahoma City BombingWe watched a video in class. Write a little about what happened and the impact.
The North American Free Trade Agreement lowered tariffs and
brought Mexico into the free-trade zone. Critics argued that the
agreement would weaken environmental regulations and cause
more American jobs to be lost to foreign nations. Supporters believed
that the agreement would strengthen all the economies
involved and bring more jobs to the US as more goods were sold in
Mexico.
Trade with Mexico skyrocketed, but the effect of the agreement on US
jobs and the environment are inconclusive.
Contract with America
-Republican party goals
10 items favored by the conservative electorate
tax relief
stricter immigration laws
term limits (congressional)
balanced _____________
welfare reform
tougher ___________ laws
-meant to reduce the size of federal government
Passed nine of the ten within the first 100 days of the Congress
Clinton and a Republican Congress could not see eye to eye on the path of the nation.
Clinton’s 2nd Term
-Scandals
-Whitewater __________ Issue
Accused of improperly using money from a land deal in his campaign for governor in 1984
-___________________
Personal scandal
Affair with Monica Lewinsky
Allegations of perjury
Lied about affair under oath
Impeachment (For perjury and obstruction of justice)
World Involvement
-U.S. is only remaining superpower
Clinton used US troops to end conflicts overseas
-______________ (Africa)
relief of starvation
Severe famine and civil war
US troops assisted in UN relief effort
War lords controlled nation
US troops attacked by civilians while trying to get food to _____________
Clinton withdrew troops
During an operation to capture key warlords in Mogadishu, two U.S. Black Hawk helicopters
were shot down by rocket-propelled grenades, and three others were damaged. Some of the
soldiers were able to evacuate, but others were trapped at the crash sites and cut off. An
urban battle ensued throughout the night. Eighteen US soldiers were killed and 73 wounded. Civilians dragged one dead American pilot through the streets of
Mogadishu. Michael Durant, the only surviving pilot of the downed Black Hawk helicopters,
was taken captive and released 11 days later.
-Balkans (Yugoslavia)
_______________ cleansing reported in Kosovo, Bosnia
• Serbians killing and expelling Albanians from their homes
• US launched air strikes on Serbia and stationed troops to keep peace
-Haitiprevent dictatorship
-Israel and the PLOMiddle East Peace• Peace between _____________
Liberation Organization (led my Yasir Arafat) and Israel
• Concerned the Gaza Strip and the West Bank
• Later agreements would fail and more violence would result
World Involvement
In Kosovo in 1999, between 10,000 and 12,000 ethnic Albanians were killed, most by Serbs
participating in Ethnic Cleansing. The movement was led by Serbian leader Slobodan Milosevic .
Over 3,000 Albanians are still missing.
Modern Agenda
-computer age
Microsoft, ______________
-Genetics
DNA testing, ___________, gene therapy, embryonic testing
-environmental concerns
air quality, acid rain, global warming, recycling
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak , the inventors of the first
Apple computer. (left) Dolly the
sheep was the first cloned mammal
from an adult cell. (bottom)
Immigration Concerns
-Highest immigration rates since turn of century
Mainly ______________ and Asian immigrants
-possible strain on economy and infrastructure
Jobs, taxes, government benefits
-illegal aliens
8.7 million illegal immigrants in 2003
-Proposition _______in California
Cut all education and non-emergency health benefits to illegal immigrants
Law ruled unconstitutional
The 2000 census indicated that if current trends
continue, by 2050 Latinos will become the
nation’s largest minority
community overall. More than
2,000 legal and 4,000-10,000
illegal immigrants arrive each day. About 4,000 of the illegal are
deported shortly after arrival.
Election of 2000
-Al Gore (Democrat, Clinton VP)
-George W. Bush (Republican)
-very close election
Florida was the deciding vote
-Bush wins electoral vote but Gore wins popular vote
-______________votes disputed
Votes so close, leads to automatic recount
Bush wins first recount by 500 votes
Gore demands ___________recount
Republicans sue to stop recount
-Supreme Court rules first Florida results as final because no set standard of judging votes can be set.
Following the 2000 election, Bush tried to bring the nation together, declaring, “I was not elected to serve
one party but to serve one nation. Whether you voted for me or not, I will do my best to serve your
interests. Following the September 11, 2001 tragedy, the nation did come together and Bush’s approval
rating went to 80%.
2000-2015
Background to the AttacksOsama bin Laden
• Member of a wealthy Saudi Arabian family
• Wanted to start a worldwide _________________ revolution
• Angry at the presence of American military in Saudi Arabia during the Gulf War
• Developed a terrorist network called al Qaeda, or “the base”
• Had links to a 1993 bombing at the World Trade Center
• Trained attackers that killed American soldiers in Somalia
Al Qaeda• Made a number of threats against
the United States• Connected to the bombings of the
U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania
• Clinton launched a missile attack into an al Qaeda training camp in ____________________.
• Carried out a bomb attack against the USS Cole
• Terrorists entered the United States in 2000 and enrolled in flight schools to learn to fly airplanes.
America’s Changes-September 11, 2001
-Terrorists attack the World Trade Center, ___________________
-Four planes are hijacked and used as weapons
-Osama Bin Laden leads the Al Qaeda terrorist group which carried out the attacks
-War in Afghanistan
Harboring Al Qaeda
US broke up Al Qaeda and Afghanistan held free elections
-Homeland Security Concerns•Created Department of Homeland Security
•______________Act
Expanded the powers of the federal government in order to fight terrorism
In an effort to end terrorism, the President and Congress passed the Patriot Act. Among its
provisions, it increased the ability of law enforcement agencies to search telephone and e-mail communications and medical, financial and
other records; eased restrictions on foreign intelligence gathering within the United States;
and enhanced the discretion of law enforcement and immigration authorities in detaining and
deporting immigrants suspected of terrorism-related acts.
On September 11, 2001, nineteen hijackers and 2,974 other people died as an immediate result of the attacks. Another 24 people are missing
and presumed dead.
How did the United States respond to the attacks?
War in Afghanistan• A group known as the
______________ ruled in Afghanistan.
• Governed according to strict Islamic law
• Close relationship with bin Laden• Bush demanded that the Taliban
seize bin Laden and give him to the United States.
• The Taliban refused and so on October 7, 2001, the United States and Great Britain attacked the Taliban in Afghanistan.
Results of the War• U.S. and British troops relied on
fighters of Afghanistan’s Northern Alliance—a group that opposed the Taliban.
• The Taliban was defeated by early December.
• Bin Laden, however, managed to avoid being captured – until
_____________• Afghanization began end of
2011 and is due to end 2015
• 2218 U.S. deaths
Fighting Terrorism at Home
Department of Homeland Security created
After 9/11 the nation experienced another type of terrorist threat: deliberate anthrax poisoning.
The crisis was limited to a handful of specific locations, but it alarmed the _____________________people.
____________- which made it easier for law enforcement to secretly collect information about suspected terrorists.
Critics claimed this act gave law enforcement too much power and posed a threat to basic freedoms.
Post 9/11 America
-Stock Market boom of the 1990’s ended
-Corporate Scandals
Example: _____________Scandal
- Insider Trading
-War on Terrorism
- Iraq
Believed to have weapons of mass destruction
Overthrew and captured __________________, set up democratic government, and wrote new constitution
- Continued budget deficits
George W. Bush’s domestic policy• As Bush took office the economy
slowed.– ______________ profits failed to
appear.
– Stock prices were hurt by dishonest accounting practice scandals.
– Refunded American citizens from surplus
• Bush pushed tax cuts to fulfill campaign promises and to spur the slumping economy.– New laws cut taxes, reduced the
marriage penalty, and lowered the estate tax.
– The economy did not improve, it went into a ___________________.
Bush’s Domestic Policy (cont)
• In 2003 Bush updated the Medicare program.
• Included a benefit to help Medicare recipients pay for prescription medicine.
Education
• Bush announced the _______________________________ to improve education.
• States were required to develop academic standards and test students annually to ensure that the standards were being met.
HealthCare
“They that can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety”
– Benjamin Franklin
War in Iraq• Iraq was to destroy its weapons of
mass destruction (____________) after the Persian Gulf War and allow UN weapons inspectors in.
• Many of America’s longtime allies advised __________________ going to war, but Bush insisted that Iraq was a threat and invaded Iraq in March 2003.
• Iraqiazation – beginning 2009 – ________________ of combat troops completed in Aug 2010, the remaining to be complete by end of 2011
Election 2008
Barack Obama (___________) - First African-American to be elected President – “Change is Coming”
Obama’s New “New Deal”
• Stimulus Bill – American Recovery and Reinvestment Act - $787 billion
• Universal ____________________• Tax credit for college expenses• Industry recovery plans • Reduce inner city ______________ and violence• Environmental protection – over 2 million acres
_______________________• Globalization is seen not just as an economic process,
but as a process of the world becoming increasingly interconnected--and also as one in which values are becoming more oriented to a global context, and international institutions are playing a more central role.
• Cultural – American products worldwide, languages (820 mil Mandarin, 329 mil Spanish, 328 mil English)
• Political – more democracy, individual freedoms• Economic impact
– Offshore ____________________
Immigration
• Immigration - Mexico, India, the Philippines, and China are the largest portion of immigrants that are limited to 700,000 per year– ______________ immigrant debates occur regularly
Changes in Technology
• Technology – constant improvements rapidly changing society– Texting– ________________– Social networking– ________________– i products– 3D movies and TV
Challenges Ahead• Middle East – Israeli and PLO
negotiations are ongoing – the UN recognized Palestine
• ___________– ongoing Civil War may come to U.S. /UN intervention
• The Home Front – signs of economic recovery– 5.5% national unemployment
rate– 7.1% in Nevada
• ____________– suspected of developing a nuclear-weapons program
• N. Korea – tested nuclear weapons and challenging S. Korea
• Federal Deficit growing • Natural disasters
Events• _______________– Dec 2004 – Indian Ocean
killed 230,000• Hurricane Katrina – Aug 2005-1500 dead , $6
billion in clean up efforts• Gulf Oil Spill – July 2010 - 4.9 million barrels
(210 billion gallons)• 2012 active shooters• Boston _________________ Bombings
2013• Federal Govt shutdown• Boston Marathon Blasts• ____________• Pope Benedict XVI resigned• _______________________
2014
• US Cuba Relations warm• World Oil prices drop• _________ Virus outbreak• Malaysia Air plane crashes• _____________• Ukraine Crisis• Polar Vortex