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WaterArgumentationforMultispeciesEthicsinQuantumStorytelling

Abstractfor9thAnnualQuantumStorytellingConferenceDec15-172019inLasCrucesNewMexicohttps://davidboje.com/quantum

DavidM.Boje

AbstractWearewaterybeingsonawateryplanetwhosefreshwaterisrunninglowbecauseofglobalheatingchangestothewatercyclebecauseofhumanactivities.Freshwatersupplyisgoingtoinfluencefoodandwatersecurityaroundtheworld.Howcanquantumstorytellingcontributetomitigatingthisglobalproblem?IproposethatweneedtodevelopawayofdoingargumentationthatbringsTamara-Land(Boje,1995)fromstorytellingorganizations(Boje,2008)toplanetarystorytellinglevelofanalysis.StephenToulmin’s‘argumentationisexploredwasawayforgroundingclaimsinthequantumrealmofspacetimematteringoftheglobalwatercrises.FollowingDonnaHaraway(2016)‘multispeciesstorytelling’changesourethicfromhumancentricwaterstorytellingtomultispecieswaterstorytelling.IcontributeaToulmin’sapproachto‘TrueStorytelling’withgrounds,initialclaim,warrant,rebuttal,verifier,andqualifierstoarriveatfinalconclusion:anewwaterethicisneededforGaia.Weneedtoreturnwatertothepublicgood,forallspeciestohavelife.KeyWords:Tamara-Land,QuantumStorytelling,MultispeciesStorytelling,&WaterEthic

Wearewaterybeings.Wearenotabody,butrather37.2trillionlivingcells,allcravingwaterforlife,andwearewalkingclimatecolonyofcells,exchangingwiththecoloniesoflivingcellsinourenvironsataquantumlevel.Wearewaterybeingsonawateryplanet.Ourwateryplanethasverylittlefreshwaterandanabundanceofsaltwater,andallthiswaterisgettingpolluted.Thewholewatercycleisbeingtransformedbyclimatechangethatisbeginningtoberelanguagedandrestoriedasglobalheating.

Mypurposeistosketchthe‘self-correcting’approachto‘storytellingscience’anddevelopseveralargumentationaspectsforquantumstorytelling(Boje,2012;Boje,2014).IdrawuponBojeandRosile’s(inreview)newbookthatdevelops‘self-correctingstorytellingscience’thathasalreadybeenthemethodbasisforsixdissertationsdoneorwillbecompletedsoon(MarkvanderKlei,SabrinaDadder,MabelSanchez,TKThomasKleiner,JimSibel,andRussBarnes).Self-correctinginductionmethodologycanbeusedinstorytellingconversations,fieldworkstudies,orinconductingexperimentsintopraxis,anditcanbeusedinconductingpracticechangesthatcreatenewbetsonthefuture.Indoing‘littles’‘storytellingscience’itisnotatallaboutasingleormultiplecases,butratherdoing‘self-correctingstorytellingscience,’inaseriesof‘abduction-induction-deduction’(A-I-D)cyclesofself-correctioninspiredintheworkofCharlesSandersPeirce,HannahArendt,KarlPopper,HenriSavall,andJean-PaulSartre.Thepointwearemakinginself-

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correctingstorytellingconversationmethodistowriteitdown,writeouttheabductions-inductions-deductionsasyougo,doitBefore,notposthoc,after-the-fact(Boje&Rosileinreview,boldness,ours).Themethodiscompletelydifferentformtheusualsemi-structuredinterviews,followedbya‘stack-and-bake’themeanalysisofallthetranscriptsinordertotakeawayatypology.Semi-structuredinterviewsareformsofinterrogationwheretheinterviewerattemptsaridiculousnon-bias,bykeepingtheirownstorytellingsilentandsecret.Itisnotreallyco-inquiry,notreallyaconversationthatexplores.

Thispresentationisinthreeparts,(I)whatisself-correctingstorytellingscience,(II)howitappliestoanalyzingandinterveninginglobalwatercrises,and(III)discussionofhowself-correctingcomparestoothertheoriessuchasFisher’s‘NarrativeParadigmTheory’(NPT),andendingwithroleofself-corrrectingstorytellingscienceinTrueStorytelling.

PARTI:Towardsa‘self-correctingstorytellingscience’

We(Boje&Rosile,inreview)proposeawayofdoingastorytellingmethodologycalled,“self-correctinginduction”fromtheworkofCharlesSandersPeirce(1933-1937,5.58),whichhereaftermeansVolume5,section#580):“Inaninductionweenlargeoursampleforthesakeoftheself-correctingeffectoftheinduction.”Justbefore(5.579)Peirceexampleshisenthusiasm,“Soitappearsthatthismarvelousself-correctingpropertyofReason,whichHegelmadesomuchof,belongstoeverysortofscience,althoughitappearsasessentialintrinsic,andinevitableonlythehighesttypeofreasoning,whichisinduction.”

Thisisaslidefromapresentationin2018inNewZealandbyMarkvanderKlei.

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Figure1:SlidebyMarkvanderKlei(usedbypermission)

TheMāoriword‘ahau’hasnodirectEnglishtranslation.CloseasIcancometoit,itis“Me”or“I”,doingsoul-searching,andself-reflectionbeforeenteringastorytellingconversation.Thisbeginsthefirstphaseofstorytellingconversationmethodofself-correctingsequenceofencounters.Insecondphase,asdepictedinvanderKlei’sresearchhehadaconversationalinterviewwithtwopeopleondifferentoccasionsandsoughtoutarefutingstorytellingconversationonemoreperson.Inthirdphase,therewerethreepersonshehadstorytellingconversationswith,andbeganarefutingconversationwithanotherperson,whowasjoinedbyacolleague(1+1).Inthefourthphase,fourseparatestorytellingconversationswithexperts,andarefutingconversationwithanotherperson.Inthefifthphase,threeseparatestorytellingconversationswithexperts,andapersonjoinedbyanotherperson(1+1)inarefutingconversation.Notshownisafinalphase,inwhichMarkgetsasmanypersonswhocaretocome,togetherforafocusgroupconversationinwhichMarksharestheclaimsandconclusions,theverificationsandrefutationsofthetheoryhedevelopedinhisstudy.InMaoriculture,youdon’tdosemi-structuredinterviews,ratheryouputyour‘skininthegame’anddoabackandforthstorytelling.

CriticsofthesolutionsproposedbytheUnitedNations‘IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange’(IPCC)andvariantsofGreenNewDeals(GNDs)areaskingthatweturntoKarlPopper.

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“Serious’proposalsforresolvingenvironmentalissuesleapoverthe(Karl)Popperianobservationthatanystatisticaloutcomecanbeundonebyredefiningthevariables,toavailthemselvesofthescientificstatureoftechnologicalreasoning.Thisistomakethepointthatwhatisrigorousargumentationinonedimensionisignorantdelusioninanother.Lestthisreadas‘anti-science,’Popperwastryingtosavesciencewiththeobservation.Threeofthefourscenariostokeeptheriseinglobaltemperaturesatorbelow1.5degreesCelsiuspresentedbytheIPCCintheir2018paperrequire‘negativeemissions’technologies—methodsofactivelyremovingcarbonfromtheatmosphere.Someofthese,likereforestation,aresuperficiallyattractivetotheenvironmentallyinclined.Theproblemscomeboththroughthefineprintandthefocusonclimateratherthantheenvironment”(CounterPunch.com).1

The‘negativeemissions’technologies’(NET’s)havemostlynotbeen

inventedyet,andthefewthatareavailable,suchastreeplantations,have(hiddencost)environmentalimpacts.Popper(1963)advocatedacombinationofconjectures(verifications)andrefutations(attemptstofalsifytheories&propositions).

OneofourQuantumStorytellingConferencefrequentpresentersiscriticalofKarlPopper(1935/1959/1992/2000’Popper,1963;Popper,1972)fornotdealingwithauxiliaryassumptions:Popperdoesfalsification(refutation)toproveatheory(deduction)inreactiontoitsobservations(inductive),butismissingtheAuxiliaryAssumptions(onlytestingsomeassumptions,whileotherassumptionsgountested).

ThegoodnewsforthisconferenceisPopper(1956/1982)wasworkingoutthequantumtheoryimplicationsforhisworkonlogicofscientificdiscovery.AfullreviewofPopper’sworkisbeyondthescopeofthispresentation.Somehighlightswillhelp.Popper(1956/1983:20)hadahumilityforfallibilismofscience,theroadofdiscoverydoesnotend.Popperbelieved,sciencecantestoutideasfrommetaphysics.Peirce(1931/1960:vol.6)isalsofocusedon‘scientificmetaphysics’,andinvol.5(section#587)includesquantumtheory,“sothatasfaraspurelyinductiveevidenceisconcernedweareveryveryfarfrombeingentitledtothinkthatmatterisabsolutelypermanent.”Popper(1956/1983)alsoquestionedarealismapproachtoscience.Peirce(1931/1960:8.110)concerningtherelationofscience,mathematics,andmetaphysics,saystheysharethisreasoningbypre-conceivedidea,that“neverreachesanyconclusionatallastowhatisorisnottrueoftheworldofexistencesThemetaphysician,ontheotherhand,isengagedintheinvestigationofmattersoffact,andtheonlywaytomattersoffactisthewayof1CounterPunch.com“Sept27,2019ClimateChangeandTechnology”byRobUrie,accessedSep292019athttps://www.counterpunch.org/2019/09/27/climate-change-and-technology/

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experience”,andsuchistheontologicalmetaphysicsofthisAmericanPragmatist.Popper(1978)focusedondifferentvaluesofdifferentworld(communities).Inhis(1945/2008’1945/2012;2008)workPoppersoughtanOpenSocietythatwouldnotrepeattheerrorsoffascisminWWII.

TestsproposedbyC.S.PeirceandPeirceare(1)criticalreflectionsontheory(2)[conversational]interviewswithothers,(3)studyingscienceaboutit,&(4)doingexperiments,andusingthesetocorrectabductions,deductions,andwhatyoudoininduction.However,bothdonotadequatelydealwithTrafimow’s(2012)‘auxiliaryassumptions’inwhatPeircecallstheabduction-induction-deduction(A-I-D)triadic,whichisalsoadvocatedbyHenriSavallandcolleagues,inSocio-EconomicApproachtoManagement(SEAM)(Boje,2017b,2018a,2019b).

Figure2:Abduction-Induction-DeductionTriadicofC.S.Peircewithannotated

quotesforhiswriting(Key:2isvolumenumberof1931/1960collectionofPeirce’swritings,andthesecondnumberissectionnumber)

Elsewhere,Peirce(1931/19602.729pp.455-456,boldnessours)adds,“Nor

mustwelosesightoftheconstanttendencyoftheinductiveprocesstocorrectitself.

WecanapplyDavidTrafimow’s(2012;Trafimow&Uhalt,inpress)‘AuxiliaryAssumptionsto’GlobalWarmingandWaterStorytelling:

Theory(T)Humanactivities(p)causeGlobalWarming(q)Observation(O)–planetwarmingupAuxiliaryAssumptions(As)FALLACYOFAFFIRMINGCONSEQUENTMajorPremise:TàOifcapitalism,thenglobalwarmingresults

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MinorPremise:OitiswarmingtemperatureConclusion:TisTrue:Itscapitalism,ofcourse

Figure3:RenditionofTrafimow’sAuxiliaryAssumptionsinrelationtoTheory

Development(Boje,2019)Auxiliaryassumptions,accordingtoTrafimow(2012),areselectively

includedinparticulartheories,andinthemethodstotest.Imakethepointthatintheuniverseofboth/and(bothqualitativeandnumeric/quantitative)multiplicities,therearevarioustheories(&predictions)eachwiththeirownassumptions,butdonottapallthepossibleassumptions.Therefore,self-correcting,phasebyphase,canbedone,tocheckthemout,oneorafewatatime.

Popper’s(1963:318trial-and-errormethodofsciencezigzagcanbecombinedwithPeirce’sself-correctingmethod,andSavall(&colleague’s)workonA-I-Dtriadicinterventionsthatcanbehelpfulindoingstorytellinganalysisandrestoryingtransformationwork.Popper(1972:243)providesthistheory:

PS1èTT1èEE1èPS2• PS1=Problemsituation,initialresponse• TT1=Tentativetheories(conjectures)• EE1=Erroreliminationbytesting• PS2=Problemsituation,theoriessurvivingrefutationprocess

Popper(1994)recommendswenottreattheoriesby‘TheMythofthe

Framework’.Popper

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Figure3:SirEcclesnotesonKarlPopperLecture,

NewZealand1940

AbovedrawingsarebySirJohnCarewEccles(1945)fromnoteshetookononPopper’s1940LecturesonPrinciplesofScientificMethod.PopperarguesinalectureinNewZealandgiven1940,thatzigzagpiecemealsocialexperimentsrelyingonthescientificmethodbyanattitudeofhumility,fallibility,anda“readinesstolearnformmistakes”andmake“smallexperiments”by“agreatnumberofpiecemealadjustmentstothevariousparts”of“agreatnumberofexperiencesispreferabletotheleadershipofthe“megalomaniatyrant”(Popper,2008:p.61).WefindthatPopperwouldagreewithPeirce(1931/1960:7.114)writingon‘scientificmethod’“Itistheposthocergopropterhocfallacy’by‘posthoc’reducingAbduction(metaphysicalguesses&hypotheses)totheInductive(experiences&observedfact)andclaimingDeductivetobeuniversalthatisthefallacyofinquiry.

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PARTII:HowthisappliestoWaterStorytelling(Boje,2018b)

Figure5:PeakWaterCrisesbeforeWaterApocalypse

KennethandI(Boje&Mølbjerg-Jørgensen,2018)havewrittenaboutthepeakwaterovershoot,howthreepeakwatercrisesareunfolding,andwithoutchangestoenvironmentallyresponsiblebehaviorwillresultinwaterapocalypse.

Climatescientistssignedoffona‘secondnotice’warninghumanitythatthe

gameishighrisk(Rippleetal.,2017;Boje,2019a,2019c).PresidentTrumpiswhatPopper(1956/1983:304)wouldcallan“inductivegambler”cuttingoutwater,air,andforestprotectionsthatarehighrisk[antenarrative]‘betsonthefuture.’

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Figure4:ArgumentationinaGlobalTamara-Land

TheabovefigureisawaytointegrategraphicallyaTamara-Land(Boje,

1995)scaledtothelevelofglobalwatercapitalism(Boje,2017a)thatweareallwithin,andwaysofdoingargumentationbasedonStevenToulmin’s(1972)andcolleagueswork(Toulmin,Rieke,&Janik,1980).Wecannotescapecapitalismapproachestotheprivatizationandcommodificationofwater,evenifwehaveourownrainwatercollectionsystem,reuseit,usegreywater,andsoon.Everyproductandserviceofcapitalismusesnotjustdirectwater,butthevirtualwaterofenergy,machines,supplychains,transport,etc.Wehavegonepastpeakoil,peakcarbon,andnowarepastpeakwater,asittobecomesscarceandscarcerwithglobalheating.Mygrounds:watercapitalismisgrowingdespiteeffortsbytheUnitedNationssustainabledevelopmentgoals(SDGs)andtheEuropeanUnion’sAgenda2030tokeepaverageglobaltemperaturefromeclipsing1.5degreesCelsiussincetheindustrialrevolution.TheUNandEUinitiativesaroundwater,carbon,andtemperature,tocontroldesertification,deforestation,andsoon,hasbeencolonizedbytwocorporatenarrativesofdenialanddelay:triplebottomline(3BL)andcirculareconomy(CE)(Boje,2016).Thetwoarenotindependentormutuallyexclusive.CEisakindof3BLlogic,wherecontinuedcapitalismgrowthisstoriedaspossiblebyturningtotechnologiessuchasrenewableenergyforelectricity,electrictransport,carboncapture,andattemptsto‘ReduceEmissionsfromDeforestationandDegradation’(REDD)havefailed. DiscussionandConclusions

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Howdoes‘self-correctingstorytelling’methodandtheorycomparetoWalterFisher’s‘narrativeparadigmtheory’(NPT).Ifitsnodifferent,thenwehavesomerealproblems.WalterFisher’s(NPT)hastwotestsof‘narrativerationality’:2

1. Probabilitydefinedaspeople’sinherentstorylisteningskills(orcompetenceinevaluatingstories&storytellers).IsthisTruestorytellingorsomekindofmake-believefantasy?

2. Fidelitydefinedasstorylistenercomparingandevaluatingwhattheyhearinsomeoneelse’storytellingagainsttheirownsimilarexperiencesandbeliefsystems.

Ihaveofferedthiscritiqueinpriorwork(Boje,2012b,2015)whichIwillsummarize:1. ‘homonarrens’isahumancentricdeclarationthatonlyhumansarecapableof

storytelling.DonnaHaraway(2016),bycontrast,imagines‘multispeciesstorytelling’andWilliamJames(1907)how‘thingstellstories.

2. Notallhuman-discoursefollowsNPTargumentativeform.Fisher’sreferencetosubtextofstoryteller’sandstorylistener’swaysofdecidingtrueandfake.

3. Ignoresstoryableandunstoryableeventsinstorytelling(e.g.trauma).4. Therearedifferentcompetenciesofstorytellersanddifferentcompetencies

ofstorylisteners.WalterBenjaminsaysstorytellingcompetencesarecomingtoanendinmoderncapitalism

5. Fisherprovidednospecificsonhowtomakechoicesbetweentrueandfakestorytellingprobabilityorfidelity.

6. Finally,thestorytellinglogicofgoodreasonsisinadequatelydevelopedbecauseitfailstoconsiderhowvaluescanbepresentedinstorytellingargumentsandoncepresented,the‘relativeworth’ofone(oftenunstated)valueagainstanother

Totheextentthatself-correctingstorytellingscienceanditsargumentation

applyingToulmin’swork,solvesthesesixproblems,itisastepforward.TotheextentitincorporatesTrafimowconcernforauxiliaryassumptions,itisastepbeyondNPT.

But,doesself-correctinggetusto‘TrueStorytelling’(Boje,Larsen,&Bruun,2017;Boje,Laren,&Bruun,inpress,Boje,2019b)?

2Fisher’s(1984,1985a&b,1989).SlideissummaryofBoje(2012,2015)

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Figure6:TrueStorytelling

SevenTrueStorytellingPrinciples

1. Truth:Youyourselfmustbetrueandpreparetheenergyandeffortforasustainablefuture

2. Makeroom:Truestorytellingmakesspacesrespectingthestoriesalreadythere

3. Plot:Youmustcreatestorieswithaclearplotcreatingdirectionandhelppeopleprioritize

4. Timing:Youmusthavetiming

5. Helpstoriesalong:Youmustbeabletohelpstoriesontheirwayandbeopentoexperiment

6. Staging:Youmustconsiderstagingincludingscenographyandartifacts

7. Reflection:Youmustreflectonthestoriesandhowtheycreatevalue

We(Boje,Larsen,&Brunn,2017)developedtheprinciplesasawaytogetcommunitiesofpractitioners,closertotruestorytelling,byrefutinganddeconstructionthefakestorytellingofgreenwashing,especiallyprevalentinthesustainabilitymovement.Truestorytellingisanethicalposition,awayofdoing

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dialoguesamongactors,includingGaialogues,3togettowaysofmakingthesituationbetter.Whilethereisnoabsolutetruth,thereisanontologicalreal,inwhichwaterandcarbonbudgetsarebeingnotonlyoverdrawnbutcontinuedratesofcapitalismgrowthwillleadtowaterandcarbonbankruptcy.Unlesswecanturntoanecologicallyandsociallyresponsiblecapitalism(Boje,2018a)orsomethingbeyondcapitalismthatactuallylowerstheoutputofcarbonandconservesavailablefreshwaterforallspecies,notjusttherichesthumans,ourgrandchildrenwillexperiencenotonlyglobalheating,butanexistentialevent,thewaterapocalypse(Boje,2019c,inreview).ReferencesBoje,D.M.(1995).Storiesofthestorytellingorganization:Apostmodernanalysisof

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