Quiz #2Quiz #2

1.1. What year were movies with sound What year were movies with sound created?created?

2.2. What is the name of the first cartoon What is the name of the first cartoon movie?movie?

3.3. What is the Great Migration?What is the Great Migration?4.4. What are two reasons for the Great What are two reasons for the Great

Migration?Migration?5.5. Why is it called the Harlem Renaissance?Why is it called the Harlem Renaissance?6.6. What type of music did the African What type of music did the African

Americans in the 20s create?Americans in the 20s create?

Bonus: Who wrote Mrs. Harrison’s favorite Bonus: Who wrote Mrs. Harrison’s favorite poem we read last time?poem we read last time?

WOMEN, WOMEN, PROHIBITION, AND PROHIBITION, AND FUNDAMENTALISMFUNDAMENTALISM

CHANGING ROLES OF CHANGING ROLES OF WOMENWOMEN

• 1920 – Women’s Suffrage1920 – Women’s SuffrageWomen given the right to voteWomen given the right to vote

• 1924 – Nellie Tayloe Ross (1st woman 1924 – Nellie Tayloe Ross (1st woman governor after husband died)governor after husband died)

- Miriam “Ma” Ferguson (gov. of Texas)- Miriam “Ma” Ferguson (gov. of Texas)

• Wasn’t a sweeping change like some women Wasn’t a sweeping change like some women thought, most women voted as their fathers or thought, most women voted as their fathers or husbands didhusbands did

• After WWI women were back in the work force After WWI women were back in the work force in more numbers and more variety of job in more numbers and more variety of job

• (still mostly lowest paying jobs; (still mostly lowest paying jobs; teachers/nurses/domestic servants)teachers/nurses/domestic servants)

• Middle/upper class women begin attending Middle/upper class women begin attending college in larger numberscollege in larger numbers

• Women still have primary responsibility over Women still have primary responsibility over care of the home and children and most still care of the home and children and most still depend on men for their financial supportdepend on men for their financial support

• But many sought more equality in their But many sought more equality in their relationships with menrelationships with men

• Flappers – dress, drank, smoked, danced in Flappers – dress, drank, smoked, danced in nightclubsnightclubsexample of greater freedom and example of greater freedom and independence not everyone was a flapper, independence not everyone was a flapper, rural areas and small towns had only heard rural areas and small towns had only heard of them, mostly a change in city womenof them, mostly a change in city women

PROHIBITIONPROHIBITION• Major Causes:Major Causes:

– Temperance Movement had been around a Temperance Movement had been around a long timelong time

– alcohol viewed as a source of crime, alcohol viewed as a source of crime, disease immorality, hunger, family disease immorality, hunger, family instability and many of society’s problemsinstability and many of society’s problems

– WWI, need for the grain and troop WWI, need for the grain and troop disciplinediscipline

• 1917: ½ the states had passed some 1917: ½ the states had passed some restricting lawrestricting law

1920:1920:• 18th Amendment:18th Amendment: made it illegal to made it illegal to

manufacture, transport or sell alcohol manufacture, transport or sell alcohol in the U.S.in the U.S.

• Voldstead Act:Voldstead Act: enforced the enforced the amendment amendment

But…virtually impossible But…virtually impossible

to enforce because it’s to enforce because it’s

not illegal to drink alcoholnot illegal to drink alcohol

• Speakeasies: secret barsSpeakeasies: secret bars– often operated by organized crimeoften operated by organized crime– respected citizens would gorespected citizens would go– overlooked by law enforcementoverlooked by law enforcement

• Bootleggers: liquor smugglersBootleggers: liquor smugglers (flask hidden in the boot leg)(flask hidden in the boot leg)– some high tech smuggling operations and some high tech smuggling operations and

chains throughout the countrychains throughout the country– almost a respected occupationalmost a respected occupation– Detroit, Michigan: smuggling from Canada Detroit, Michigan: smuggling from Canada

was the 2nd largest industry to auto makingwas the 2nd largest industry to auto making

• 1925: only 5% of alcohol smuggling 1925: only 5% of alcohol smuggling stoppedstopped

• Al Capone (Chicago) tens of millions a Al Capone (Chicago) tens of millions a yearyear

Why was it repealed?Why was it repealed?

• viewed as an attack on personal libertiesviewed as an attack on personal liberties

• created stable and large income for created stable and large income for organized crimeorganized crime

• hurt farmers by decreasing demand for hurt farmers by decreasing demand for barleybarley

• didn’t have intended effectsdidn’t have intended effects

Scopes Monkey TrialScopes Monkey Trial

Christian Christian FundamentalismFundamentalism

• Cities helped fuel "the Roaring Cities helped fuel "the Roaring Twenties", and Americans in the Twenties", and Americans in the countryside often countryside often reacted against reacted against what they viewed was the moral what they viewed was the moral disintegration of American lifedisintegration of American life

• March 13, 1925:March 13, 1925: Tennessee passed Tennessee passed

a law forbidding the teaching of a law forbidding the teaching of evolution in schools evolution in schools

Scopes Monkey TrialScopes Monkey Trial• John Scopes, a science teacher in Dayton, John Scopes, a science teacher in Dayton,

Tennessee, tests the law by teaching Tennessee, tests the law by teaching Darwin's theory of evolution in his biology Darwin's theory of evolution in his biology class class

• He is arrested and put on trial He is arrested and put on trial 

• Christians felt that teaching evolution Christians felt that teaching evolution would undermine the younger would undermine the younger generation's faith in the Bible generation's faith in the Bible

• Fundamentalists won, but teaching of Fundamentalists won, but teaching of evolution v. creationism is still an issue evolution v. creationism is still an issue todaytoday