RABIES

RABIESMEDICAL FACULTY OF BAITURRAHMAH UNIVERSITYRABIES

WHAT IS RABIES ?Rabies is a zoonotic disease (a disease that is transmitted from animals to humans), which is caused by a lyssavirus. Transmission of the virus is achieved by entering the body through wounds (e.g. scratches) or by direct contact with mucosal surfaces from an infected animal (e.g. bites), it cannot cross intact skin. There are two clinical manifestations of rabies furious and paralytic. Furious rabies is most common form of human rabies.

RABIES VIRUS ?SIZE 180X75 NMSINGLE STRANDED RNAINACTIVE ON HIGH TEMPERATURE 56 CWILL DEATH WITH ETANOL 45%,SOLUSI JODIUM,DETERGEN.

HOW THE DISTRIBUTION ? The global burden of rabies is estimated to be over 60 000 human deaths per annum.

Official reports of cases of human rabies transmitted by dogs decreased from about 250 in 1990 to fewer than 10 in 2010. The Pan American Health Organization has set a target to eliminate canine rabies from the Americas by 2015. More human deaths from rabies occur in Asia than anywhere else in the world, with estimates of human mortality due to endemic canine rabies exceeding 30 000 per annum. Within Asia, India is reported to have the highest incidence of rabies globally (20 565 deaths per annum). Africa is not far behind in numbers with 23 700 deaths per annum. Little information is available on rabies in the Middle East or Central Asia and more investigation into the scale of the burden of rabies in much needed in these regions.

HOW THE SYMPTOMPS ? 1.PRODROMAL STADIUM (OCCUR 10 DAYS)INDICATION OF RESPIRATORY FEVERSORE SWALLOWSORE ABDOMENHEADEACHE MALAISE,MIALGIA,VOMITTINGNAUSEA,ANOREXIA

2.NEUROLOGIC STADIUM (2-7 DAYS) A.FURIOUS SYMTOMPSHIDROFOBIAHALUSINATIONFOTOPHOBIAAEROPHOBIACONVULSIONS

B.PARALYTIC SYMTOPMS FEVERHEADEACHEPARALYSISE IN BITTEN AREA RESPIRATORY PARALYSISEDISORIENTATIONPARAPLEGIARESPIRATORY FAILURE

3.COMA STADIUM IT OCCUR 10 DAYS WITH INTENSIVE CARE, WILL BE DIE AFTER COMA IF NOT BE CARED INTENSIVELY

TREATMENT AND PREVENTION THERE IS NO THERAPY FOR PATIENTS WHO HAVE SHOWN SYMPTOMPS OF RABIES.HANDLING IS ONLY A SUPPORTIVE MEASURE IN THE TREATMENT OF HEART FAILURE AND RESPIRATORY FAILURE.IMPORTANT IN THE CONTROL OF RABIES PATIENTS IS HYPOXIA,ARRHYTMIAS,ELECTROLYTE DISTURBANCE,HYPOTENSION,CEREBRAL EDEMA.

THE PATIENTS OF RABIES CAN BE GIVING SOME SEDATIFE DRUGS OR ANALGETIC DRUGS TO REDUCE THE PAINFULL.

VACCINATE1.VACCINATE POST-EXPOSURE COMBINATE SERUM ANTI RABIES AND VACCINE OR VACCINE ONLY.

(IM) TO DELTOIDEUS OR ANTEROLATERALIS FEMURIS. 0,5 ml IN DAYS OF 0,3,7,12,28 (WHO RECOMMENDED).

HARD BITTEN CONDITION MUST BE PROVIDING SAR 20 IU/kgweight SINGLE DOSSAGE.2.VACCINATED PRE-EXPOSURETO PREVENTING THE INFECTION,EARLY PROTECTION MUST BE PROVIDING BY SAME INJECTION BUT IN DIFFERENT TIME,DOSSAGE,AND THE STEPS

WITH DOSSAGE 1 ml (IM) IN DAYS 0,7 AND 28 AND THEN BOOSTER AFTER 1 YEARS AND EVERY 5 YEARS.

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