1

RADIATION LEVELSTODAY AND IN THE FUTURE

R2E and Availability Workshop

Oct 14, 2014

Francesco Cerutti on behalf of the whole team

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 2

RELEVANT QUANTITIES

- activation related: RadioProtection matters:

residual dose rates (uSv/h) activity (Bq, vs Exemption Limits) intervention, waste

- peak absorbed dose (MGy), in the magnet coils

Displacements Per Atom, peak particle fluence (cm-2)

for short term: instantaneous power (W, mW/cm3) on the collimators,

beam intercepting devices,

magnets

- High Energy Hadron fluence, 1 MeV neutron fluence, dose maps around

the machine

electronics

locations

in the “long” term

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 3

TODAY AND FUTURE LOSS SOURCES [I]

beam-beam collisions

RUN 1 RUN 2 RUN 3 HL-LHCbeam energy

[TeV] 3.5 - 4 6.5 7 7

integrated luminosity

[fb-1]

proton-proton(ATLAS-CMS) 30 300 + 3000

+ 33%

proton-proton(LHCb) 3 50

ion-ion(ALICE) 10 nb-1

7 TeV p + 7 TeV p

@ L0 = 1034 cm-2 s-1

yields 1 kW

towards each (L&R) side

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 4

TODAY AND FUTURE SOURCES [II]

beam impact on collimator

jaws

RUN 1(2012)

RUN 2 RUN 3 HL-LHC

beam energy [TeV] 4 6.5 7 7

2808 bunches of 1.15 1011 7

TeV p

@ 0.2 h beam lifetime

yields 500 kW

towards the collimation system

lost protons[1016] beam 1 0.56 1

per ~40 fb-1

beam 2 0.63 1per ~40 fb-1

IR3/IR7beam 1 < 10% < 10%

IR3/IR7beam 2 half wrt B1 < 10%

injected – dumped –

collided

BLM signals corrected by the FLUKA response

factor

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 5

beam interaction with residual gas

(not relevant for long term: beam interaction with dust particles)

TODAY AND FUTURE SOURCES [III]

RUN 1 RUN 2 RUN 3 HL-LHCbeam energy

[TeV] 3.5 - 4 6.5 7 7

beam current [A] 0.43 0.58 1.09

running time [days]

gas density profile [m-3]

1015 H2 eq. vacuum gauge reading of X 10-8 mbar

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 6

MACHINE MODEL [I]

today

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 7

MACHINE MODEL [II]

HL-LHC

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 8

ESTIMATE OVERVIEW

triplet & D1

triplet area & UJ16

RR57

triplet & D1 & D2

US85

MB

DS

MBW & MQW

LSSMB

arc, RE

UX45 & US45

UP33 & UJ32

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 9

P1: QUADS, CORRECTORS AND SEPARATION DIPOLE

present D1:

MBXW.A4 at the same order

as MBW.B6 in P7 (the latter now screened)

8 quads + 2 (12) dipoles times two

(P5)

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 10

P1: FUTURE TRIPLET AREA AND UJ16

2 109 per

year

vertically averaged over 40 cm

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 11

P5: PRESENT MATCHING SECTION AND RR57

collision

debrisbeam 1 - gas

TCL6 (@10s)

0.58 A1015 m-3 H2 eq. density

107 s = 100 fb-1 / L0

vertically averaged over

40 cm

7 TeV proton energy

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 12

P5: RR57 DURING 2012 OPERATION

FH>20MeV [cm-

2](L2012)

5RM08S 5RM09S

FLUKA 6.1 108 3.0 107

DATA 4.56 108

(256 upsets)4.32 107

(25 upsets)

Agreement within 30%

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 13

P8: TRIPLET AND DIPOLES

8 quads + 2 dipoles + 2

dipoles

additional coil mask advisable!

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 14

P8: US85[cm-2]

[Gy]

vertically averaged from -1.1m to 2.4m(0 is the beam height)

longitudinally averaged over 4m(from 2m to 6m, 0 is the cavern center)

x [cm]x [cm]

y [cm]

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 15

P2: MAIN DIPOLE IN DS CELL 10

[mW/cm3]

x [cm]

2.76 TeV/n 208Pb (81+) from Pb+Pb @ 6 1027

cm-2 s-1

20 MGy over 10 nb-

1

[R.

Bruce]

2 main

dipoles

reduction of a factor 25 (100) with 0.5m Cu (1m W) TCLD and 11T MBHDP

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 16

P7: LSS

vertically averaged over 10cm

7 TeV 1.15 1016 lost protons per beam

beam 2 mirrored

proton losses in the collimator jaws (for tight settings: TCPs @ 4.3s and TCSG @ 6.3s) from the collimation team

no beam 2

4 warm dipoles + 24 warm quadrupoles [times two + 2 MBW

(P3)]

discussed on Thursday

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 17

P7: DS MAGNETSproton losses in the collimator jaws (quench test settings) from the collimation team

4 TeV 0.63 1016 B2 protons lost in 2012

beam 2

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 18

P7: BELOW THE DS MAGNETS4 TeV0.63 1016 B2 protons lost in 2012

proton losses in the collimator jaws(quench test settings)from the coll. team

beam 2

QPS, CRYO, EPC, and BI equipment

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 19

ARC: BELOW THE MAGNETS

0.58 A1015 m-3 H2 eq. density

107 s

7 TeV proton energy

QPS, CRYO, EPC, and BI equipment

both beams

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 20

ARC: RE387 TeV proton energy 0.58 A 3 1014 m-3 H2 eq. density 107 s

both beamsvertically averaged over 20cm

10 m

-20 m10-6

10

10-5

10-3

10-1

10-2

1

10-4

dose [Gy]

[LHC Project Note 363]

103

1010

104

106

108

107

109

105

104

1011

105

107

109

108

1010

106

HEH fluence [cm-2] 1MeV neutron fluence [cm-2]concrete

chicane

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 21

P4: UX45 AND US454 TeV proton energy 0.39 A 73.5 days

vertically averaged over 2m around the beam height

[cm-2]

[cm-3]

[G.

Bregliozzi]

see also LHC Project Note

342

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 22

P3: UP33 AND UJ32 7 TeV proton energy 0.58 A 1015 m-3 H2 eq. density 180 days

beam 2 - gas

HEH fluence

[LHC Project Note

364]

+ collimation

losses7 TeV proton energy 0.58 A 3 1014 m-3 H2 eq. density 107 s

both beams

UJ32 dose [Gy]HEH fluence [cm-

2]1MeV neutron fluence [cm-2]

≤~10-1 5 107 5 108

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 23

CONCLUSIONS

Let’s take note of what is

missing

Oct 14, 2014 F. Cerutti R2E and Availability Workshop 24