Radiation–Modified Carrageenan as Plant Food Supplement:

Lucille V. Abad1, Fernando B. Aurigue1,

Gil L. Magsino2, Rafael Miguel M. Dela Cruz1,

Djowel Recto V. Montefalcon1, Angelito T. Carpio3

1Philippine Nuclear Research Institute

Department of Science and Technology

Commonwealth Ave., Diliman,

Quezon City, Philippines

3Philippine Council for Agriculture,

Aquatic and Natural Resources

Research and Development,

Department of Science and Technology

Los Baños, Laguna 4030, Philippines

2National Crop Protection Center –

Crop Protection Cluster,

College of Agriculture

UP Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031,

Philippines

1

Raw Material

OH

OCH2OH

-O3SO

OH

O

H2CO

OO

-carrageenan

Eucheuma Cottonii

2

Refined -carrageenan

Effect of Irradiation

g

Mw ≈ 1,000 kDa Mw < 10 kDa

3

Radiation effects on carrageenan

Dose (kGy)

0 50 100 150 200 250

Mo

lecu

lar

Weig

ht

0

1e+5

2e+5

3e+5

4e+5

5e+5

(Mw

-1–

Mw

o-1)

* 10

6

0 50 100 150 200 250

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

In Air

In Vauum

Dose (kGy)

Gd = 2.5

Gd = 1.7

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

1% aqueous -carrageenan

Dose ( kGy )

(Mw

-1–

Mw

o-1)

* 10

6

Gd = 1.2(Direct effect - 1% only)

Solid κ- carrageenan in air Solid κ- carrageenan in vacuum

Aqueous κ- carrageenan (1%)

Radiolyticproduct

Elution Time (mins.)

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

0kGy

10kGy

20kGy

50kGy

100kGy

200kGy

1% aqueous κ- carrageenan

in air

in vacuum

4

Background

2010 IAEA RAS 8/109 Meeting; 2011 IAEA CRP Meeting; 2012 FNCA Meeting; Idrees et al., 2011; El-Sawy et al., 2010; Abd El-Rehim et al., 2011

Plants Country Oligosaccharide used

Experimental Test Increase in yield (%)

Rice Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam

Chitosan Field 3-20

Mungbean Bangladesh, Philippines

Chitosan, Carrageenan

Pot 30-100

Soybean Indonesia Chitosan Field 38

Bitter Gourd Indonesia Chitosan Field 40

Chili Thailand, Indonesia Chitosan Pot & Field 34-50

Potato Indonesia Chitosan Field 25

Carrot Indonesia Chitosan Field 55

Tomato Bangladesh, Sri-lanka Chitosan Pot 25-56

Strawberry Bangladesh Chitosan Pot 71

Cucumber China Chitosan Field 23

Sugarcane Vietnam Chitosan Field 13

Faba bean Egypt Chitosan, Alginate Field 25-27

Zea maize Bangladesh, Egypt, Philippines

Chitosan Alginate

Carrageenan

Field 24-40

Wheat Egypt, India Alginate, Chitosan Field 30-38

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https://www.psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/ricorsit_january2016_1.pdf

2016

2.88% 17,627

4,560

3.87

6

Pla

nt

Foo

d S

up

ple

me

nt

7

Radiation Modified Carrageenan as Plant Food Supplement

Pot experiments

Field trials

8

2500 ha. rice field across the Philippines

FOLIAR SPRAYING

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Effect in Rice

NCPC, UPLB Field trial

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Pulilan, Bulacan Total Area = 308 ha. Ave. % Increase in Yield (Yr. 2016) = 17% Highest % Increase in Yield = 76%

11

Pulilan, Bulacan after Typhoon “Lando”

Lodged rice (Farmer’s practice)

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Standing rice (Carrageenan-treated field)

DOST Region2 2016 Annual Report

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Picture courtesy of DOST-Region 2

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Increased number of tillers

15

Labo variety

Pag-asa 7 variety

Pag-asa 19 variety

754.4% *From 153.33 kgs/ha to 1,310.00 kgs/ha

388.0% *From 306.67 kgs/ha to 1,496.67 kgs/ha

485.0% *From 211.67 kgs/ha to 1,238.33 kgs/ha

Up to 5th PRIMING!

Pampanga Pag-asa 19 variety

33.4% Increase

Isabela Pag-asa 7 variety

86.9% Increase

*

*

*Dry season

Effect on Mungbean

16

Pampanga Kalbo variety

29.6% Increase vs. farmers practice

Results of Field Trial of Peanut in Laguna

Farmer’s Practice

Farmer’s Practice + PGP

17.9% increase

in yield of Biyaya 14

*Wet season

*

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Effect on Pechay (Brassica napus var. chinensis)

Control With Carrageenan

Treatment Shoot length (mm) Diameter (mm) taken from the widest leaf

Control 182.50 ± 15.55 b 82.40 ± 6.08 b

With Carrageenan 250.90 ± 18.51 a 103.10 ± 5.13 a

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Project made possible through:

National Crop Protection Center Institute of Plant Breeding

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National Crop Protection Center; Institute of Plant Breeding

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