radiotherapy treatment planning with monte carlo on a distributed system stéphane chauvie, ircc...
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Radiotherapy treatment planning
with Monte Carlo on a distributed system
Stéphane Chauvie,
IRCC & Mauriziano Hospital & INFN & S Croce e Carle Hospital
Turin, Italy
Genova, 8 Marzo 2004
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Radiotherapy Treatment Planning
Analitical algorithms for dose calculation
Monte Carlo methods
Cluster set-up
Monte Carlo parallelization
Data analisys and experimental measurements comparison: open field and IM field
Head and neck tumor with IMRT
Contents
Grant 2002-03/645
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Radiotherapy Oncology
CTV
PTV
Spinal cord
S.c. PRV
Pharotid
spare the surrounding
healthy tissues.
deliver high dose to the
target volume
allow local control of
tumor
avoid side-effects
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3D-CRT vs IMRT
IM field
Critical points:
- high dose gradients
- strongly unhomogeneous areas
3DCRT & IMRT used in complex anatomical
regions
How much is accurate the dose
calculation ?
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Dose calculation algorithms
Expensive
Quick but inaccurate
Accurate but very slow
Cheap (free)
• Pencil beam
• Convolution/Superposition• Monte Carlo
Dose determination accuracy
Total Total with dose calculation
4,1% 4,2%(1%) to 6,5% (5%)
Ahnesjo 1999
Meas in ref pomint, neam
stability &flatness, CT data, setup
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=+
Cluster Beowulf parallelisation
Beowulf
Th: High performance networks of PCs are now realistic alternative since offer parallel processing of MC at a lower cost showing competitive performances.
PC & Ethernet
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Cluster set-up
Monte Carlo
simulation
Hardware installation
RUN
Monte Carlo parallelisation
Benchmarking
Software configuratio
n
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Installation, configuration & benchmarking
to H-LAN
SWITCH
Master
Node03
Node04
Node08
Node07
Node06
Node05
Node02
Parallelization:LAM-MPI
Security:SSH
BiosOSDisk confPartitionRAIDMemoryCPUCompilatorsLinking models
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Installation, configuration & benchmarking
to H-LAN
SWITCH
Master
Node03
Node04
Node08
Node07
Node06
Node05
Node02
Efficiency = Sup/ Nprocessors = 0.997
Sup = Tser/Tpar = 3.99
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Simulation: geometry
Varian 600C/D Millenium120-leaf MLC
e-
V = 6 MV
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NO TUNING, NO CUT
ParticleParticle
ProcessesProcessesMultiple scattering BremsstrahlungIonisationAnnihilationPhotoelectric effect Compton scattering Rayleigh effect conversione+e- pair production
e-e+
Geant4 has only production thresholds, no tracking cuts all particles are tracked down to zero range energy, TOF ... cuts can be defined by the user
simulation: physics
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Patient model
DIC
OM
interface
Bone:- CT-el linearity
- cortical bone - bone marrow diluition
Lung:
- CT- linearity
Soft tissue:- CT-tissue relationship
ICRU
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IM simple field in
homogeneous phantom
Phase Space Data
IMRT treatment
Anthropomorphic phantom
measurements
Water measurements
Simulation inside patient
IM patient field in
homogeneous phantom
Monte Carlo ParallelizationTake care of PRNG
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Phase Space Data
(x,y,z) (px,py,pz)
PSD
E
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Water measurementsPDD and dose profile in water
10X10 20X20
P
DD
%
Scanner IC15 ionization chamber
SSD=SAD
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Anthropomorphic phantom measurements Measure Monte Diff Broad Diff Pencil Diff Super/ Diff
Carlo % beam % beam % conv % 100,02,4 100,02,2 0,0 103,1 3,1 102,9 2,9 101,9 1,9
178,43,0 175,42,3 -1,7 166,0 -6,9 173,2 -2,9 176,3 -1,2
120,12,7 118,02,2 -1,7 122,3 1,8 124,7 3,8 121,8 1,4 98,83,4 97,02,3 -1,8 100,0 1,2 107,0 8,3 98,3 -0,5
Microchamber A14SL SSD=SAD
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Patient simulation
X=10 Y=10
SSD=SAD
Gantry 0°
TAC
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IMRT treatment simulation
10X10
isocentric technique
7 field!
Every field
segments no.
165,415,3
events no.
(15,50,5)107
hits no.
(4,02 0,39) 105
time (hours)
0,510,03
IMRT plan evaluation in 3,5 hours with 280000 hits and 3
nodes
E=0.9925
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Current ”Geant4” activities in Cuneo...
10 MeV Cyclotron
CT-PET