Ranking and classification of universities  based on advanced bibliometric mapping

Leiden University 3rd International Symposium on University Rankings

February 6-7, 2009

Anthony F.J. van Raan Center for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS)

Leiden University

Hariolf Grupp 3 July 1950 – 20 January 2009

Contents of this presentation:

Indicators and Ranking

Classification

Benchmarking

Some fascinating statistics

Latest developments

CWTS has a unique bibliometric data-system: 1000 universities worldwide are defined and ‘unified’ as accurate as possible;

For these universities all bibliometric indicators are calculated and updated, for the universities as a whole (average over all fields) and for each

of the 16 main fields: Ranking

Comparison any of these universities with any selection: Benchmarking

There are in the world ~500 largest universities with P > 700/y

Leiden Ranking 2009

properties

1. Target: Universities, worldwideEurope now on the internet, World will followExtension with non-university institutions

2. Activity: Research

3. Method: Bibliometric analysis (100%)New approaches necessary to cover engineering, social sciences and humanities more adequatelynon-journal: political science, economy, psychology

4. Time period 2000-2007 (now on the internet) latest version 2003-2007 next month 2004-2008 on the internet

5. IndicatorsP, P(0), C, CPP, CPP/FCSm, P*CPP/FCSm, P(t=20, 10, 5, 1%), largest 100, 250

6. Differentiation into 16 main fieldsclinical medicine, chemistry,….psychology, humanities

7. Benchmarking with universities of choice LERU, US universities,…

8. Profiles for each benchmark university

CPP/University P C CPP Pnc FCSm

UK UNIV CAMBRIDGE 37,972 438,892 11.56 27% 1.67UK UNIV COLL LONDON 36,889 414,034 11.22 25% 1.46UK UNIV OXFORD 35,979 429,642 11.94 27% 1.69UK IMPERIAL COLL LONDON 29,829 300,030 10.06 27% 1.48FR UNIV PARIS VI P&M CURIE 26,301 192,269 7.31 31% 1.16BE KATHOLIEKE UNIV LEUVEN 25,892 203,657 7.87 31% 1.28DK KOBENHAVNS UNIV 25,519 216,152 8.47 26% 1.24UK UNIV MANCHESTER 25,358 180,184 7.11 32% 1.20NL UNIV UTRECHT 25,299 232,033 9.17 26% 1.35SE KAROLINSKA STOCKHOLM 24,902 280,108 11.25 21% 1.28DE LMU UNIV MUNCHEN 24,809 220,115 8.87 29% 1.21IT UNIV MILANO 24,801 200,184 8.07 29% 1.13IT UNIV ROMA SAPIENZA 24,159 145,430 6.02 34% 0.94RU MOSCOW LOMONOSOV UNIV 23,554 54,147 2.30 59% 0.40SE LUNDS UNIV 23,386 201,225 8.60 25% 1.23FI UNIV HELSINKI 22,976 225,207 9.80 26% 1.41NL UNIV AMSTERDAM 21,471 198,018 9.22 27% 1.36DE UNIV HEIDELBERG 20,923 187,256 8.95 27% 1.23CH ETH ZURICH 20,798 184,434 8.87 28% 1.54SE UPPSALA UNIV 19,833 168,047 8.47 27% 1.21AT UNIV WIEN 19,732 170,604 8.65 25% 1.07FR UNIV PARIS XI SUD 19,667 142,715 7.26 31% 1.17DE HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN 19,552 164,729 8.43 29% 1.15UK KINGS COLL UNIV LONDON 19,551 185,532 9.49 27% 1.31CH UNIV ZURICH 19,056 193,299 10.14 27% 1.37ES UNIV BARCELONA 18,773 136,105 7.25 29% 1.10IT UNIV BOLOGNA 18,761 114,400 6.10 34% 1.03UK UNIV EDINBURGH 18,734 190,753 10.18 28% 1.47BE UNIV GENT 18,308 117,016 6.39 35% 1.20NL LEIDEN UNIV 17,838 169,445 9.50 25% 1.28

Leiden Ranking 2000-2007, EU Top-100 rank by P, yellow list, first 30

UK UNIV BRISTOL 17,692 149,926 189,610 8.47 27% 1.09 1.34 1.23 21%IT UNIV PADOVA 17,486 113,816 155,000 6.51 33% 0.94 1.02 1.09 27%UK UNIV BIRMINGHAM 17,277 136,218 174,534 7.88 31% 1.05 1.23 1.16 22%UK UNIV LEEDS 17,045 125,150 158,124 7.34 31% 1.05 1.21 1.15 21%DE TECH UNIV MUNCHEN 17,015 144,167 187,285 8.47 30% 1.17 1.36 1.15 23%DK AARHUS UNIV 16,837 138,872 182,660 8.25 27% 1.09 1.26 1.16 24%NL VRIJ E UNIV AMSTERDAM 16,591 153,807 194,889 9.27 26% 1.12 1.38 1.23 21%NL UNIV GRONINGEN 16,366 138,286 176,334 8.45 27% 1.04 1.27 1.22 22%NL ERASMUS UNIV ROTTERDAM 16,090 173,905 215,013 10.81 25% 1.13 1.47 1.31 19%DE EK UNIV TUBINGEN 16,036 128,698 169,099 8.03 28% 1.03 1.10 1.07 24%UK UNIV GLASGOW 15,918 143,741 179,964 9.03 28% 1.11 1.33 1.20 20%NO UNIV OSLO 15,860 125,606 159,585 7.92 29% 1.10 1.22 1.11 21%UK UNIV SHEFFIELD 15,844 122,338 154,185 7.72 32% 1.10 1.31 1.20 21%NL RADBOUD UNIV NI JMEGEN 15,743 131,114 167,336 8.33 27% 1.01 1.21 1.20 22%ES UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID 15,626 85,732 117,193 5.49 37% 0.92 0.90 0.98 27%SE GOTEBORG UNIV 15,565 138,594 173,828 8.90 24% 1.14 1.21 1.06 20%UK UNIV NOTTINGHAM 15,558 113,971 142,794 7.33 32% 1.07 1.26 1.18 20%UK UNIV SOUTHAMPTON 15,482 112,850 144,958 7.29 32% 1.08 1.28 1.19 22%FR UNIV TOULOUSE I I I 15,258 97,424 128,777 6.39 33% 0.98 1.03 1.06 24%IT UNIV NAPOLI FEDERICO I I 15,236 93,342 126,613 6.13 34% 0.92 0.97 1.04 26%DE UNIV HAMBURG 14,919 125,135 163,076 8.39 28% 1.06 1.19 1.13 23%

Position 30-50….

Table 1: Internal coverage of the citation index by main field for the University of Heidelberg

Main Field P

00-04 Avg Nr

Refs Refs

<1980 %Refs <1980

Refs Non-CI Refs CI

%Refs CI

CLINICAL MEDICINE 4,477 33.2 8,240 6% 14,066 126,277 90% BIOL SCI: HUMANS 2,360 40.4 4,186 4% 6,356 84,756 93% BIOL SCI: ANIMALS & PLANTS 273 43.5 1,393 12% 2,166 8,305 79% MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY 1,258 45.7 2,584 4% 3,313 51,533 94% PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY 1,389 38.4 5,721 11% 8,805 38,820 82% CHEMISTRY 816 37.4 4,028 13% 5,081 21,374 81% MATHEMATICS 315 20.4 1,444 22% 2,253 2,736 55% GEOSCIENCES 404 46.2 2,348 13% 4,875 11,459 70% APPLIED PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY 483 26.6 1,117 9% 2,910 8,817 75% ENGINEERING 373 23.2 823 10% 3,376 4,439 57% MULTIDISCIPLINARY 120 34.3 294 7% 312 3,508 92% ECONOMICS 57 30.5 204 12% 695 842 55% PSYCHOLOGY, PSYCHIATRY & BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 228 39.8 939 10% 2,140 5,985 74% SOCIAL SCIENCES RELATED TO MEDICINE 283 35.9 774 8% 3,125 6,273 67% OTHER SOCIAL SCIENCES 69 32.7 324 14% 1,297 633 33% HUMANITIES & ARTS 39 42.6 535 32% 937 190 17%

Problem of field-specific representation

Table 2: Language of publications in Citation Index for the University of Heidelberg

Main Field

All papers 00-04

English Language papers

Other Language

papers

% Other Language

Papers CLINICAL MEDICINE 5,577 4,477 1,100 20% BIOL SCI: HUMANS 2,381 2,360 21 1% BIOL SCI: ANIMALS & PLANTS 282 273 9 3% MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & BIOCHEM 1,258 1,258 0 0% PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY 1,389 1,389 0 0% CHEMISTRY 841 816 25 3% MATHEMATICS 315 315 0 0% GEOSCIENCES 410 404 6 1% APPLIED PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY 504 483 21 4% ENGINEERING 378 373 5 1% MULTIDISCIPLINARY 120 120 0 0% ECONOMICS 60 57 3 5% PSYCHOLOGY, PSYCHIATRY & BEHAV SC 425 228 197 46% SOCIAL SCIENCES RELATED TO MEDICINE 335 283 52 16% OTHER SOCIAL SCIENCES 116 69 47 41% HUMANITIES & ARTS 107 39 68 64%

Problem of language

Correlation between P and Shanghai-rank

y = 51464x-0.3599

R2 = 0.6587

1,000

6,000

11,000

16,000

21,000

26,000

31,000

36,000

1 10 100 1000Shanghai-rank

P

Correlation between C and Shanghai-rank

y = 647291x-0.4769

R2 = 0.7287

1,000

51,000

101,000

151,000

201,000

251,000

301,000

351,000

1 10 100 1000Shanghai-rank

C

Is the difference in chosen variable (e.g., impact) between University A with rank 12 and University B with rank 14 significant?

Most probably NOT

Is therefore the concept of ranking useless?

Certainly NOT

The ranking is mathematically equivalent to the distribution function which contains crucial statistical information

CPP/University P C CPP Pnc FCSm

CH UNIV LAUSANNE 10,676 132,163 12.38 25% 1.50UK UNIV OXFORD 35,979 429,642 11.94 27% 1.69UK UNIV CAMBRIDGE 37,972 438,892 11.56 27% 1.67SE KAROLINSKA STOCKHOLM 24,902 280,108 11.25 21% 1.28UK UNIV COLL LONDON 36,889 414,034 11.22 25% 1.46CH UNIV GENEVE 13,534 146,726 10.84 26% 1.40CH UNIV BASEL 11,733 127,186 10.84 25% 1.41NL ERASMUS UNIV ROTTERDAM 16,090 173,905 10.81 25% 1.47UK UNIV EDINBURGH 18,734 190,753 10.18 28% 1.47CH UNIV ZURICH 19,056 193,299 10.14 27% 1.37UK IMPERIAL COLL LONDON 29,829 300,030 10.06 27% 1.48DE JG UNIV MAINZ 10,881 106,743 9.81 20% 1.20FI UNIV HELSINKI 22,976 225,207 9.80 26% 1.41DE H HEINE UNIV DUSSELDORF 10,007 95,318 9.53 25% 1.18NL LEIDEN UNIV 17,838 169,445 9.50 25% 1.28FR UNIV PARIS V RENE DESCARTES 11,368 107,981 9.50 28% 1.18UK KINGS COLL UNIV LONDON 19,551 185,532 9.49 27% 1.31NL VRI J E UNIV AMSTERDAM 16,591 153,807 9.27 26% 1.38NL UNIV AMSTERDAM 21,471 198,018 9.22 27% 1.36NL UNIV UTRECHT 25,299 232,033 9.17 26% 1.35UK UNIV GLASGOW 15,918 143,741 9.03 28% 1.33DE UNIV HEIDELBERG 20,923 187,256 8.95 27% 1.23SE GOTEBORG UNIV 15,565 138,594 8.90 24% 1.21DE LMU UNIV MUNCHEN 24,809 220,115 8.87 29% 1.21CH ETH ZURICH 20,798 184,434 8.87 28% 1.54DE UNIV FREIBURG 13,992 123,993 8.86 27% 1.21DE J W GOETHE UNIV FRANKFORT 12,586 110,999 8.82 30% 1.26DE BJM UNIV WURZBURG 12,632 109,771 8.69 26% 1.13AT UNIV WIEN 19,732 170,604 8.65 25% 1.07SE LUNDS UNIV 23,386 201,225 8.60 25% 1.23

Leiden Ranking 2000-2007, EU Top-100 rank by CPP, blue list, first 30

NL UNIV MAASTRICHT 10,576 90,668 113,640 8.57 27% 1.11 1.27 1.14 20%UK UNIV BRISTOL 17,692 149,926 189,610 8.47 27% 1.09 1.34 1.23 21%SE UPPSALA UNIV 19,833 168,047 216,008 8.47 27% 1.07 1.21 1.13 22%DE TECH UNIV MUNCHEN 17,015 144,167 187,285 8.47 30% 1.17 1.36 1.15 23%DK KOBENHAVNS UNIV 25,519 216,152 281,151 8.47 26% 1.09 1.24 1.14 23%NL UNIV GRONINGEN 16,366 138,286 176,334 8.45 27% 1.04 1.27 1.22 22%DE HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN 19,552 164,729 212,701 8.43 29% 1.07 1.15 1.08 23%DE UNIV HAMBURG 14,919 125,135 163,076 8.39 28% 1.06 1.19 1.13 23%NL RADBOUD UNIV NI JMEGEN 15,743 131,114 167,336 8.33 27% 1.01 1.21 1.20 22%DE UNIV ULM 9,535 78,921 99,520 8.28 29% 1.07 1.13 1.05 21%DK AARHUS UNIV 16,837 138,872 182,660 8.25 27% 1.09 1.26 1.16 24%CH UNIV BERN 12,765 103,966 134,517 8.14 28% 1.04 1.20 1.16 23%IT UNIV MILANO 24,801 200,184 258,958 8.07 29% 1.02 1.13 1.10 23%DE EK UNIV TUBINGEN 16,036 128,698 169,099 8.03 28% 1.03 1.10 1.07 24%FR UNIV PARIS VI I DENIS DIDEROT 11,653 92,837 119,874 7.97 30% 0.99 1.17 1.17 23%UK UNIV NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE 11,474 91,062 114,530 7.94 28% 1.00 1.19 1.19 20%DE FREIE UNIV BERLIN 12,333 97,747 129,321 7.93 29% 1.02 1.07 1.05 24%NO UNIV OSLO 15,860 125,606 159,585 7.92 29% 1.10 1.22 1.11 21%BE UNIV CATHOLIQUE LOUVAIN 10,001 79,027 99,272 7.90 32% 1.12 1.30 1.16 20%DE UNIV MARBURG 9,681 76,477 100,434 7.90 28% 1.01 1.04 1.03 24%UK UNIV BIRMINGHAM 17,277 136,218 174,534 7.88 31% 1.05 1.23 1.16 22%

Position 30-50….

Field normalization

CPP >> CPP/FCSm is absolutely necessary butCPP: is as it is….. FCSm: do we apply the right field-specific normalization?

Problems: size of the field, appropriateness of the WoS-category, role

of underlying distribution function (>small non-linearity)?

Rank of all 250 universities by FCSm

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

0 50 100 150 200 250 300r

FCSm

From basic to applied

CPP/ bruteUniversity P C CPP Pnc FCSm force

UK UNIV OXFORD 35,979 429,642 11.94 27% 1.69 60783UK UNIV CAMBRIDGE 37,972 438,892 11.56 27% 1.67 63345CH E P F LAUSANNE 10,650 67,908 6.38 34% 1.59 16938CH ETH ZURICH 20,798 184,434 8.87 28% 1.54 31987DK TECH UNIV DENMARK 10,474 78,996 7.54 29% 1.52 15952CH UNIV LAUSANNE 10,676 132,163 12.38 25% 1.50 16020UK IMPERIAL COLL LONDON 29,829 300,030 10.06 27% 1.48 44164NL ERASMUS UNIV ROTTERDAM 16,090 173,905 10.81 25% 1.47 23704UK UNIV EDINBURGH 18,734 190,753 10.18 28% 1.47 27520UK UNIV COLL LONDON 36,889 414,034 11.22 25% 1.46 53845NL DELFT UNIV TECHNOL 10,411 59,415 5.71 37% 1.41 14698FI UNIV HELSINKI 22,976 225,207 9.80 26% 1.41 32294CH UNIV BASEL 11,733 127,186 10.84 25% 1.41 16488CH UNIV GENEVE 13,534 146,726 10.84 26% 1.40 18919NL VRI J E UNIV AMSTERDAM 16,591 153,807 9.27 26% 1.38 22920CH UNIV ZURICH 19,056 193,299 10.14 27% 1.37 26149DE TECH UNIV MUNCHEN 17,015 144,167 8.47 30% 1.36 23082NL UNIV AMSTERDAM 21,471 198,018 9.22 27% 1.36 29127NL UNIV UTRECHT 25,299 232,033 9.17 26% 1.35 34267UK UNIV BRISTOL 17,692 149,926 8.47 27% 1.34 23644UK UNIV GLASGOW 15,918 143,741 9.03 28% 1.33 21247UK UNIV SHEFFIELD 15,844 122,338 7.72 32% 1.31 20830UK KINGS COLL UNIV LONDON 19,551 185,532 9.49 27% 1.31 25563BE UNIV CATHOLIQUE LOUVAIN 10,001 79,027 7.90 32% 1.30 12975UK UNIV SOUTHAMPTON 15,482 112,850 7.29 32% 1.28 19889BE KATHOLIEKE UNIV LEUVEN 25,892 203,657 7.87 31% 1.28 33220NL LEIDEN UNIV 17,838 169,445 9.50 25% 1.28 22765SE KAROLINSKA STOCKHOLM 24,902 280,108 11.25 21% 1.28 31776NL WAGENINGEN UNIV 12,497 94,652 7.57 25% 1.27 15842NL UNIV GRONINGEN 16,366 138,286 8.45 27% 1.27 20731

Leiden Ranking 2000-2007, EU Top-100 rank by CPP/FCSm, green list, first 30

NL UNIV MAASTRICHT 10,576 90,668 113,640 8.57 27% 1.11 1.27 1.14 20% 13387DE JOHANN WOLFGANG GOETHE UNIV FRANKFORT12,586 110,999 142,920 8.82 30% 1.17 1.26 1.08 22% 15883DK AARHUS UNIV 16,837 138,872 182,660 8.25 27% 1.09 1.26 1.16 24% 21184UK UNIV NOTTINGHAM 15,558 113,971 142,794 7.33 32% 1.07 1.26 1.18 20% 19540DK KOBENHAVNS UNIV 25,519 216,152 281,151 8.47 26% 1.09 1.24 1.14 23% 31615SE LUNDS UNIV 23,386 201,225 261,055 8.60 25% 1.12 1.23 1.10 23% 28786UK UNIV BIRMINGHAM 17,277 136,218 174,534 7.88 31% 1.05 1.23 1.16 22% 21186DE UNIV HEIDELBERG 20,923 187,256 240,557 8.95 27% 1.11 1.23 1.10 22% 25638NO UNIV OSLO 15,860 125,606 159,585 7.92 29% 1.10 1.22 1.11 21% 19370NL RADBOUD UNIV NI JMEGEN 15,743 131,114 167,336 8.33 27% 1.01 1.21 1.20 22% 19106SE GOTEBORG UNIV 15,565 138,594 173,828 8.90 24% 1.14 1.21 1.06 20% 18849DE UNIV FREIBURG 13,992 123,993 158,548 8.86 27% 1.06 1.21 1.15 22% 16938UK UNIV LEEDS 17,045 125,150 158,124 7.34 31% 1.05 1.21 1.15 21% 20612SE UPPSALA UNIV 19,833 168,047 216,008 8.47 27% 1.07 1.21 1.13 22% 23963DE LMU UNIV MUNCHEN 24,809 220,115 285,187 8.87 29% 1.10 1.21 1.09 23% 29962DE JG UNIV MAINZ 10,881 106,743 141,133 9.81 20% 1.16 1.20 1.03 24% 13094CH UNIV BERN 12,765 103,966 134,517 8.14 28% 1.04 1.20 1.16 23% 15359UK UNIV MANCHESTER 25,358 180,184 231,617 7.11 32% 1.03 1.20 1.16 22% 30503BE UNIV GENT 18,308 117,016 156,265 6.39 35% 1.09 1.20 1.09 25% 21908DE UNIV HAMBURG 14,919 125,135 163,076 8.39 28% 1.06 1.19 1.13 23% 17799UK UNIV NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE 11,474 91,062 114,530 7.94 28% 1.00 1.19 1.19 20% 13682

Position 30-50….

Correlation of C with Ptop10% and bottom10% of CPP/FCSm

y = 1.9963x1.1615

R2 = 0.9213

y = 2.6098x1.0202

R2 = 0.751

1,000

10,000

100,000

1,000,000

1,000 10,000 100,000P

C

Correlation of C with Ptop20% and bottom20% of FCSm

y = 3.1822x1.11

R2 = 0.9565

y = 0.0323x1.5529

R2 = 0.7661

1,000

10,000

100,000

1,000,000

1,000 10,000 100,000P

C

Rank of all 250 European universities by CPP/FCSm

0.10

1.00

10.00

1 10 100 1000r

CPP/FCSm

Fatal attraction

Correlation between CPP/FCSm and Shanghai-rank

y = 1.919x-0.0962

R2 = 0.4314

0.50

0.70

0.90

1.10

1.30

1.50

1.70

1.90

1 10 100 1000Shanghai-rank

CPP/FCSm

CPP/ bruteUniversity P C CPP Pnc FCSm force

UK UNIV CAMBRIDGE 37,972 438,892 11.56 27% 1.67 63345UK UNIV OXFORD 35,979 429,642 11.94 27% 1.69 60783UK UNIV COLL LONDON 36,889 414,034 11.22 25% 1.46 53845UK IMPERIAL COLL LONDON 29,829 300,030 10.06 27% 1.48 44164NL UNIV UTRECHT 25,299 232,033 9.17 26% 1.35 34267BE KATHOLIEKE UNIV LEUVEN 25,892 203,657 7.87 31% 1.28 33220FI UNIV HELSINKI 22,976 225,207 9.80 26% 1.41 32294CH ETH ZURICH 20,798 184,434 8.87 28% 1.54 31987SE KAROLINSKA STOCKHOLM 24,902 280,108 11.25 21% 1.28 31776DK KOBENHAVNS UNIV 25,519 216,152 8.47 26% 1.24 31615FR UNIV PARIS VI P&M CURIE 26,301 192,269 7.31 31% 1.16 30636UK UNIV MANCHESTER 25,358 180,184 7.11 32% 1.20 30503DE LMU UNIV MUNCHEN 24,809 220,115 8.87 29% 1.21 29962NL UNIV AMSTERDAM 21,471 198,018 9.22 27% 1.36 29127SE LUNDS UNIV 23,386 201,225 8.60 25% 1.23 28786IT UNIV MILANO 24,801 200,184 8.07 29% 1.13 27959UK UNIV EDINBURGH 18,734 190,753 10.18 28% 1.47 27520CH UNIV ZURICH 19,056 193,299 10.14 27% 1.37 26149DE UNIV HEIDELBERG 20,923 187,256 8.95 27% 1.23 25638UK KINGS COLL UNIV LONDON 19,551 185,532 9.49 27% 1.31 25563SE UPPSALA UNIV 19,833 168,047 8.47 27% 1.21 23963NL ERASMUS UNIV ROTTERDAM 16,090 173,905 10.81 25% 1.47 23704UK UNIV BRISTOL 17,692 149,926 8.47 27% 1.34 23644DE TECH UNIV MUNCHEN 17,015 144,167 8.47 30% 1.36 23082FR UNIV PARIS XI SUD 19,667 142,715 7.26 31% 1.17 22953NL VRIJ E UNIV AMSTERDAM 16,591 153,807 9.27 26% 1.38 22920NL LEIDEN UNIV 17,838 169,445 9.50 25% 1.28 22765IT UNIV ROMA SAPIENZA 24,159 145,430 6.02 34% 0.94 22749DE HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN 19,552 164,729 8.43 29% 1.15 22534BE UNIV GENT 18,308 117,016 6.39 35% 1.20 21908

Leiden Ranking 2000-2007, EU Top-100 rank by P*{CPP/FCSm}, orange list, first 30

Correlation between P*(CPP/FCSm) and Shanghai-rank

y = 98762x-0.4562

R2 = 0.7311

1,000

11,000

21,000

31,000

41,000

51,000

61,000

1 10 100 1000Shanghai-rank

P*(CPP/FCSm)

250 European Universities with P(y) > 350 Top-20 in ‘size’, Physics, ranked by crown indicator’

DE UNIV KARLSRUHE (TH) 2174,8 2,06

UK UNIV CAMBRIDGE 7438,6 1,91

SE LUNDS UNIV 2115,2 1,82

CH ETH ZURICH 3109,0 1,66

UK UNIV OXFORD 4934,9 1,65

UK IMPERIAL COLL LONDON 3250,4 1,64

DE UNIV HEIDELBERG 2127,8 1,61

PL WARSAW UNIV 2569,7 1,56

DE TECH UNIV MUNCHEN 2644,3 1,54

DE LUDW MAX UNIV MUNCHEN 2360,7 1,51

NL LEIDEN UNIV 2075,2 1,43

FR UNIV PARIS XI SUD 5580,3 1,36

IT UNIV ROMA SAPIENZA 3637,4 1,29

NL UNIV AMSTERDAM 2442,3 1,25

DK KOBENHAVNS UNIV 2320,8 1,22

DE UNIV BONN 2124,1 1,22

IT UNIV PADOVA 2724,6 1,21

UK UNIV COLL LONDON 2512,8 1,19

FR UNIV GRENOBLE I 2129,3 1,17

FR UNIV PARIS VI 3823,1 1,15

Ranking by field >>>

Field-specific benchmarking universities by field

Current and recent benchmark projects

Manchester, Leiden, Heidelberg, Rotterdam, Copenhagen, Zürich, Lisbon UNL, Amsterdam UvA, Amsterdam VU, Southampton

Gent, Antwerp, Brussels VUB, UC London, Aarhus

Examples:

TABLE 4: BIBLIOMETRIC INDICATORS FOR MAIN FIELDS

University P Rank C Rank CPP/FCSm RankP*

CPP/FCSm Rank

PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY

UNIV HEIDELBERG 1.389 83 14.053 54 1,79 71 2.484 59

BJM UNIV WURZBURG 787 183 4.320 194 1,29 168 1.012 177EK UNIV TUBINGEN 923 154 4.867 177 1,04 237 961 188FREIE UNIV BERLIN 1.096 123 5.089 171 1,00 247 1.099 164GA UNIV GOTTINGEN 1.067 129 4.927 176 0,90 264 963 187HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN 1.248 102 7.574 122 1,18 196 1.476 130JG UNIV MAINZ 1.331 88 11.949 69 1,83 69 2.435 64LMU UNIV MUNCHEN 1.597 61 13.337 56 1,58 102 2.522 58MED HOCHSCHULE HANNOVER 0 - - - - - - -RFW UNIV BONN 1.517 68 10.921 76 1,33 157 2.017 81RUHR UNIV BOCHUM 1.616 58 7.939 117 1,04 238 1.682 110TECH UNIV MUNCHEN 1.955 40 11.878 71 1,38 140 2.700 56UNIV AACHEN (RWTH) 1.116 119 9.525 92 1,75 77 1.951 87UNIV FREIBURG 874 165 6.043 149 1,34 152 1.175 160UNIV HAMBURG 1.465 74 9.186 96 1,21 186 1.779 98UNIV KARLSRUHE (TH) 1.608 59 16.144 49 2,04 44 3.279 46UNIV KONSTANZ 407 277 2.326 265 1,23 181 501 264UNIV MUNSTER 762 190 4.610 185 1,36 146 1.037 172

LARGE GERMAN UNIVERSITIES 29.623 - 169.699 - 1,22 - 36.133 -

BIBLIOMETRIC INDICATORS FOR MAJ OR FIELDS

University P Rank C Rank CPP/ Rank P*CPP/ Rank

FCSm FCSmCLINICAL MEDICINE

ERASMUS UNIV ROTTERDAM 5.376 23 77.806 21 1,56 53 8.413 22

LEIDEN UNIV 3.904 57 50.276 58 1,36 97 5.298 62RADBOUD UNIV NIJMEGEN 4.205 47 46.421 63 1,24 148 5.213 64UNIV AMSTERDAM 4.622 37 59.862 38 1,42 78 6.573 40UNIV GRONINGEN 3.021 96 32.463 105 1,23 156 3.718 102UNIV MAASTRICHT 3.120 90 39.274 82 1,39 85 4.343 81UNIV TILBURG 59 - 629 - 1,28 - 75 -UNIV UTRECHT 4.757 34 55.591 47 1,32 114 6.280 44VRIJE UNIV AMSTERDAM 3.682 63 47.934 61 1,46 74 5.360 59

ECONOMICS

ERASMUS UNIV ROTTERDAM 471 20 1.946 34 1,18 118 558 33

LEIDEN UNIV 37 246 227 190 1,52 74 56 201RADBOUD UNIV NIJMEGEN 78 187 276 179 0,92 174 72 187UNIV AMSTERDAM 330 41 1.647 45 1,47 83 486 48UNIV GRONINGEN 237 67 863 93 0,95 165 226 98UNIV MAASTRICHT 289 49 1.020 79 1,02 146 296 77UNIV TILBURG 430 25 1.684 42 1,18 117 509 43UNIV UTRECHT 104 160 283 177 0,80 210 83 177VRIJE UNIV AMSTERDAM 302 45 995 81 0,90 182 271 83

TABLE 6: TREND ANALYSIS FOR UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG

PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY

Time Period P Rank C Rank CPP/FCSm RankP*

CPP/FCSm Rank

1997 - 2000 1.290 51 8.100 41 1,54 100 1.986,2 581998 - 2001 1.227 60 8.321 48 1,66 85 2.031,4 621999 - 2002 1.158 75 8.558 48 1,83 57 2.117,0 552000 - 2003 1.129 80 9.829 48 2,17 45 2.447,0 542001 - 2004 1.079 87 7.940 62 1,77 81 1.907,5 662002 - 2005 811 87 7.942 69 1,71 100 1.389,1 77

Time Period Ptop 20% Rank Ptop 10% Rank Ptop 5% Rank Ptop 1% Rank

1997 - 2000 380 51 175 61 81 67 23 481998 - 2001 351 59 163 66 74 74 19 591999 - 2002 293 75 135 88 65 96 15 85

TABLE 5: HIGHLY CITED PAPERS FOR MAIN FIELDS

University P00-02 Ptop 20% Rank Ptop 10% Rank Ptop 5% Rank Ptop 1% Rank

PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY

UNIV HEIDELBERG 837 223 77 101 90 48 97 12 82

BJM UNIV WURZBURG 475 109 179 60 165 37 138 6 152EK UNIV TUBINGEN 502 108 181 53 188 24 196 6 152FREIE UNIV BERLIN 670 145 133 63 158 25 191 3 217GA UNIV GOTTINGEN 626 137 141 57 171 19 226 3 217HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN 776 202 90 105 85 48 97 9 113JG UNIV MAINZ 828 224 74 112 77 56 84 6 152LMU UNIV MUNCHEN 950 260 54 140 51 74 54 25 40RFW UNIV BONN 900 196 93 90 107 36 141 5 180RUHR UNIV BOCHUM 887 174 111 83 114 42 118 9 113TECH UNIV MUNCHEN 1.162 332 39 191 38 101 40 18 55UNIV AACHEN (RWTH) 677 166 117 71 136 40 124 8 124UNIV FREIBURG 545 155 127 83 114 40 124 8 124UNIV HAMBURG 877 250 60 111 80 55 86 10 100UNIV KARLSRUHE (TH) 957 312 44 167 45 94 44 22 47UNIV KONSTANZ 257 64 248 35 236 16 239 1 276UNIV MUNSTER 433 105 187 59 166 32 159 6 152

LARGE GERMAN UNIVERSITIES 17.690 4.161 - 2.143 - 1.048 - 207 -

How bibliometric classification works

impact

size

disciplinary spectrumThis classification addresses all important aspects concerning size, international scientific influence (both by field!) and disciplinary width

Large, Broad European University

(A&H)

APC

BIOL-AP

BIOL-HU

CHEM

CLM ECON

ENG

GEO

MATH

MOLB

(MULTI)

PHYS

PSY

SOC-MED

(SOC)

0

25

50

75

100

0255075100PUBLICATION RANK PTCL

CIT

AT

ION

I P

AC

T R

AN

K P

CT

L

Focus: top 25 % in publication output and citation impact

Top 25%

Bottom 25%

Impactranking

Publ.ranking Top 25%Bottom 25%

‘ Top’ research university

(SOC)

SOC-MEDPSY

PHYS (MULTI) MOLB

MATH

GEO

ENG ECON

CLM

CHEM

BIOL-HUBIOL-AP

APC

(A&H)

0

25

50

75

100

0255075100PUBLICATION RANK PTCL

CIT

AT

ION

I PA

CT

RA

NK

PC

TL

University has a top position

in each discipline

Bottom 25% Publ.ranking Top 25%

Top 25%

Impactranking

Bottom 25%

large universitysmaller university

Smaller Specialized European University

(A&H)

APC

BIOL-AP

BIOL-HU

CHEM

CLM ECON

ENG

GEO

MATH

MOLB

(MULTI)

PHYS

PSY

SOC-MED

(SOC)

0

25

50

75

100

0255075100PUBLICATION RANK PTCL

CIT

AT

ION

I P

AC

T R

AN

K P

CT

L

Top 25%

Bottom 25%

Impactranking

Publ.ranking Top 25%Bottom 25%

Specialized in Economy and related fields

Among top 25 % in citation impact, but in

the lower-50% of publication output

ECON

MATH

PSYCH

RESEARCH AND IMPACT PROFILE COMPARISON CHART 2000 - 2005

1,232785188

3,217782118

0,998849216

1,662002981

1,678500067

1,488272167

0,877715351

1,133503702

1,780483972

1,425497421

1,364446864

0,933069397

0,925819818

1,232079775

0,975118412

0,871740502

1,340229758

1,131225008

1,320941613

1,442367177

1,461513772

1,424537452

1,190801762

1,388582721

2,435497625

1,912638685

1,106139734

1,193015518

1,258740489

1,166346994

1,201468662

2,583039548

1,261808956

1,339766739

0,954895774

1,186443793

0,810505638

1,167410862

1,013539778

1,577973882

1,27838307

0,436140425

1,749182243

1,604874865

1,350774631

1,102978333

1,119279966

1,051305363

1,279897752

1,387273015

1,246906745

1,296372235

0,863385715

1,339767147

1,391367091

1,037151096

1,247136459

1,01457644

1,06138335

1,000906386

10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

ONCOLOGY

BIOCH & MOL BIOL

NEUROSCIENCES

SURGERY

PHYSICS,MULTIDIS

PHYSICS, PART&FI

UROLOGY & NEPHRO

CELL BIOLOGY

CLIN NEUROLOGY

HEMATOLOGY

ASTRON & ASTROPH

CARD & CARD SYST

IMMUNOLOGY

RAD,NUCL MED IM

ENDOCRIN & METAB

GENETICS & HERED

PHARMACOL & PHAR

GASTROENTEROLOGY

CHEM, INORG&NUC

PERIPHL VASC DIS

CHEMISTRY, MULTI

OPHTHALMOLOGY

PHYSICS, AT,M,C

CHEM, ORGANIC

MATHEMATICS

CHEM, PHYSICAL

MED, RES & EXP

PEDIATRICS

MEDICINE,GENERAL

MULTIDISCIPL SC

Percentage of Total Publication Output

IMPACT: LOW AVERAGE HIGH

UNIV HEIDELBERG HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN

RESEARCH AND IMPACT PROFILE COMPARISON CHART 2000 - 2005

1,232785188

3,217782118

0,998849216

1,662002981

1,678500067

1,488272167

0,877715351

1,133503702

1,780483972

1,425497421

1,364446864

0,933069397

0,925819818

1,232079775

0,975118412

0,871740502

1,340229758

1,131225008

1,320941613

1,442367177

1,461513772

1,424537452

1,190801762

1,388582721

2,435497625

1,912638685

1,106139734

1,193015518

1,258740489

1,166346994

1,27842136

2,849317394

1,224112155

1,93050155

1,007256293

1,481942844

1,106428595

0,992359485

0,786592478

1,301179308

1,060062283

1,702960975

0,767192111

1,041647429

1,373174111

0,94631426

1,022271092

1,136113355

1,097351277

1,347769039

1,221408021

1,340970906

1,094490046

1,358527302

0,865747343

1,860692365

1,473508804

0,878553052

1,023005205

1,162394712

10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

ONCOLOGY

BIOCH & MOL BIOL

NEUROSCIENCES

SURGERY

PHYSICS,MULTIDIS

PHYSICS, PART&FI

UROLOGY & NEPHRO

CELL BIOLOGY

CLIN NEUROLOGY

HEMATOLOGY

ASTRON & ASTROPH

CARD & CARD SYST

IMMUNOLOGY

RAD,NUCL MED IM

ENDOCRIN & METAB

GENETICS & HERED

PHARMACOL & PHAR

GASTROENTEROLOGY

CHEM, INORG&NUC

PERIPHL VASC DIS

CHEMISTRY, MULTI

OPHTHALMOLOGY

PHYSICS, AT,M,C

CHEM, ORGANIC

MATHEMATICS

CHEM, PHYSICAL

MED, RES & EXP

PEDIATRICS

MEDICINE,GENERAL

MULTIDISCIPL SC

Percentage of Total Publication Output

IMPACT: LOW AVERAGE HIGH

UNIV HEIDELBERG LEIDEN UNIV

http://studies.cwts.nl/projects/leiden-ranking-2009

Latest developments - 1

Of all 16 main fields a research forefront map is constructed:

*2003-2007

*Only the top-10%-impact publications

*Chemistry & Chemical Engineering

*All European universities are positioned on this map in size and in impact

Latest developments – 2

We add a new research indicator: university-industry collaboration (UI intensity)

P(UI)/P for the following fields

All fields of

scienceMedical &

health sciencesPhysics &

materials scienceChemistry & chemical

engineeringBasic life sciences

Electrical engineering

Latest developments – 3

Worldwide ranking including all other novelties

http://studies.cwts.nl/projects/leiden-ranking-2009

ranking by CPP

largest 250

CPP/ CPP/ J CSm/ Self

University P C C+sc CPP Pnc J CSm FCSm FCSm Cit

US HARVARD UNIV 57,124 597,383 715,232 10.46 27% 1.22 2.02 1.65 16%

US UNIV TEXAS - DALLAS 8,766 89,742 106,519 10.24 27% 1.18 1.81 1.53 16%

US UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO 19,246 194,635 229,439 10.11 26% 1.17 1.86 1.59 15%

US BAYLOR COLL MED 10,543 98,544 118,365 9.35 27% 1.14 1.61 1.42 17%

US MIT 18,439 171,883 211,212 9.32 32% 1.42 2.44 1.72 19%

US CALTECH 12,975 116,239 155,244 8.96 29% 1.26 1.99 1.58 25%

US STANFORD UNIV 25,098 224,339 269,340 8.94 31% 1.27 2.04 1.61 17%

US JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV 28,837 251,895 309,783 8.74 29% 1.22 1.78 1.46 19%

US CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED - NEW YORK 6,352 54,491 65,631 8.58 28% 1.11 1.53 1.38 17%

US UNIV CHICAGO 13,368 114,540 139,831 8.57 32% 1.27 1.90 1.49 18%

US YALE UNIV 19,420 166,171 202,554 8.56 31% 1.15 1.78 1.55 18%

US UNIV COLORADO 7,598 63,940 76,836 8.42 29% 1.13 1.56 1.38 17%

US YESHIVA UNIV ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED 6,719 55,861 68,404 8.31 28% 1.04 1.44 1.39 18%

US WASHINGTON UNIV - ST LOUIS 15,489 128,497 158,972 8.30 29% 1.10 1.64 1.49 19%

US UNIV TEXAS - HOUSTON 14,457 119,456 145,411 8.26 29% 1.16 1.50 1.30 18%

US UNIV WASHINGTON - SEATTLE 28,176 229,493 281,987 8.14 30% 1.24 1.82 1.46 19%

US UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO 21,769 175,342 217,946 8.05 32% 1.20 1.81 1.51 20%

US PRINCETON UNIV 10,800 86,705 112,146 8.03 33% 1.40 2.28 1.62 23%

US UNIV CALIF BERKELEY 21,185 167,649 208,110 7.91 33% 1.31 2.05 1.57 19%

US OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV 6,245 49,406 59,534 7.91 29% 1.13 1.56 1.38 17%

US DUKE UNIV 19,300 152,141 185,566 7.88 31% 1.17 1.74 1.48 18%

US UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES 29,524 232,193 287,544 7.86 32% 1.24 1.75 1.41 19%

US EMORY UNIV - ATLANTA 12,102 93,364 113,128 7.71 31% 1.17 1.63 1.40 17%

US UNIV PENN 24,927 191,724 234,187 7.69 30% 1.14 1.64 1.44 18%

US VANDERBILT UNIV 12,592 96,195 119,626 7.64 31% 1.13 1.63 1.44 20%

US TUFTS UNIV 8,204 62,522 75,308 7.62 32% 1.18 1.64 1.39 17%

US COLUMBIA UNIV 23,952 181,099 221,008 7.56 32% 1.15 1.75 1.53 18%

US UNIV ALABAMA - BIRMINGHAM 9,969 73,291 90,447 7.35 31% 1.16 1.48 1.28 19%

US UNIV N CAROLINA - CHAPEL HILL 17,258 126,481 154,099 7.33 32% 1.17 1.70 1.45 18%

US BOSTON UNIV 12,500 89,669 109,417 7.17 32% 1.18 1.66 1.40 18%

ranking by CPP/ FCSm

largest 250

CPP/ CPP/ J CSm/ Self

University P C C+sc CPP Pnc J CSm FCSm FCSm Cit

US MIT 18,439 171,883 211,212 9.32 32% 1.42 2.44 1.72 19%

US PRINCETON UNIV 10,800 86,705 112,146 8.03 33% 1.40 2.28 1.62 23%

US UNIV CALIF BERKELEY 21,185 167,649 208,110 7.91 33% 1.31 2.05 1.57 19%

US STANFORD UNIV 25,098 224,339 269,340 8.94 31% 1.27 2.04 1.61 17%

US HARVARD UNIV 57,124 597,383 715,232 10.46 27% 1.22 2.02 1.65 16%

US UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA 8,921 59,030 76,060 6.62 34% 1.28 2.01 1.57 22%

US CALTECH 12,975 116,239 155,244 8.96 29% 1.26 1.99 1.58 25%

US CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV 6,444 33,476 45,662 5.19 40% 1.38 1.97 1.43 27%

US UNIV CHICAGO 13,368 114,540 139,831 8.57 32% 1.27 1.90 1.49 18%

US GEORGIA INST TECHNOL - ATLANTA 9,782 43,891 57,673 4.49 44% 1.29 1.88 1.45 24%

US UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO 19,246 194,635 229,439 10.11 26% 1.17 1.86 1.59 15%

US BROWN UNIV 8,525 60,632 73,107 7.11 34% 1.28 1.84 1.43 17%

US UNIV WASHINGTON - SEATTLE 28,176 229,493 281,987 8.14 30% 1.24 1.82 1.46 19%

US UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO 21,769 175,342 217,946 8.05 32% 1.20 1.81 1.51 20%

US UNIV TEXAS - DALLAS 8,766 89,742 106,519 10.24 27% 1.18 1.81 1.53 16%

US YALE UNIV 19,420 166,171 202,554 8.56 31% 1.15 1.78 1.55 18%

US JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV 28,837 251,895 309,783 8.74 29% 1.22 1.78 1.46 19%

US UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES 29,524 232,193 287,544 7.86 32% 1.24 1.75 1.41 19%

US COLUMBIA UNIV 23,952 181,099 221,008 7.56 32% 1.15 1.75 1.53 18%

US DUKE UNIV 19,300 152,141 185,566 7.88 31% 1.17 1.74 1.48 18%

US UNIV MICHIGAN - ANN ARBOR 28,337 194,086 239,812 6.85 34% 1.22 1.73 1.41 19%

US UNIV N CAROLINA - CHAPEL HILL 17,258 126,481 154,099 7.33 32% 1.17 1.70 1.45 18%

US UNIV CALIF IRVINE 11,482 77,607 98,086 6.76 36% 1.23 1.70 1.38 21%

US NORTHWESTERN UNIV 16,295 115,916 143,573 7.11 32% 1.16 1.70 1.46 19%

US NYU 13,802 98,377 119,396 7.13 35% 1.19 1.68 1.42 18%

US UNIV COLORADO - BOULDER 9,928 59,420 79,666 5.99 34% 1.17 1.67 1.43 25%

US UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB 8,710 48,301 67,455 5.55 38% 1.20 1.66 1.39 28%

US BOSTON UNIV 12,500 89,669 109,417 7.17 32% 1.18 1.66 1.40 18%

US UNIV PENN 24,927 191,724 234,187 7.69 30% 1.14 1.64 1.44 18%

US WASHINGTON UNIV - ST LOUIS 15,489 128,497 158,972 8.30 29% 1.10 1.64 1.49 19%

Thank you for your attention