r&d program in jfy2002 for jlc vertex detector n.tamura ; niigata university y.sugimoto,...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
R&D program in JFY2002 for R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detectorJLC vertex detector
N.Tamura ; Niigata University
Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK
T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime Technology
K.Abe ; Tohoku Gakuin Univ.
G.Iwai, K.Fujiwara, H.Takayama ; Niigata University
![Page 2: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
ContentsContentsI) Design concepts and Requirements
– Accelerator Design– VTX detector design– IR design and backgrounds
II) Present results and Activities– Radiation hardness– Spatial resolution– Fast readout electronics
Summary
![Page 3: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
AcceleratorAccelerator DesignDesign
6mrad crab crossing
Beam time Structure
Bunch-train Structure
Train = One pulse192 bunches
1.4ns N~1E+10 particles
1/150Hz=6.7ms
Beam profile at IP
243nm
3.0nm dz=110um
I )
![Page 4: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
VTX DesignVTX Design VTX
– Precise Secondary vertex reconstruction Reconstruct decay vertices of B and D meson decays with excellent b/c
jet separation
– Improvement of momentum resolution Requirements
– Unambiguous 2D reconstruction at high hit density Pixel devices
Expected occupancy in a 20m x 5cm strip detector ~ 100% ! , for hit background rate of about 1hit/mm2/train.
– Less materials (Especially for low momentum tracks) Thin devices Operation at room temperature ~ 0 C -> Simple structure/Easy operation
-> Less thermal distortion of wafers
o
![Page 5: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Room temperature operationRoom temperature operation CCDs
– Features Thin/Low-density material Low power consumption But Needs cooling ?
– w/o Cooling system Avoid multiple scattering by
cooling system Avoid thermal distortion of s
ensors ( fabrication – operation temperature discrepancy)
Desirable to operate in room temperature ~ 0 C )
Back-illumination CCD : HPK S7170
Thickness ~20m
CCD Flatness
o
![Page 6: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
VTX detector designVTX detector design
Baseline design – |cos | < 0.90– Pixel size 25 um– 1.25cm x 5cm x330um– 4Layers with 10deg tilt
( r=24,36,48,60 mm)( Ladder 16/24/32/40)(Sensor 2/3/4/5)
– Intrinsic resolution 4 m(Just for a Simulation input )
1.1824
60
![Page 7: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
IR Design and BackgroundIR Design and Background
Model d) 3T with SC-QC1
QC1 : Super Conducting magnet L* = 4.3 m To reduce back scattering background produced by the interaction at QC1
R=8~16.5cm
![Page 8: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Background estimationBackground estimation Beam-Beam Interaction
– e+e- pair production– Beamstrahlung
Secondary produced backgrounds
R(mm)
TRC(X) 3T *
Preliminary
R(mm)
JLC-A **
JLC-Y**Model b)
VTX1 24 0.77 25 0.36 0.97VTX2 36 0.13VTX3 48 0.10 50 0.42 0.25VTX4 60 0.04 75 0.14 0.11
*Geant4 ( SR/PhotoNuclear )Include solenoid ( uniform 3T ) +QC1 ( Ideal gradient )
Electron backgrounds ( /mm2/train) **Geant3
95bunchesLow Lum.
Similar toTRC(X)
NLC - JLC
Neutrons Previous Study 1E+9/cm2/Yr (Beamstrahlung)
1Yr operation e+e- pair ~1hit/mm2/train1.5E+11/cm2/Yr
![Page 9: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Present results and ActivitiesPresent results and ActivitiesRadiation hardnessSpatial resolutionFast readout electronics
II)
![Page 10: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Radiation Radiation hardnesshardness
HPK10 HPK10
notch
EEV
Type S5466 CCD02-06
Pixel size [m] 24 22
R/O clock 2-phase 3-pahse
Epitaxial layer[m]
10 20
Notch none 3m none
MPP Operation
Inverted by holes
Si02 – Si Interface
Small packet
Notch CCD 2-Phase CCD 3-Phase CCD
Low density
![Page 11: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
CCD Structure CCD Structure [cont’d][cont’d]
Result > 1.5E+11e/cm2
JLC: 1.5E+11/cm2/yr @2.4cm
Result > 1.5E+10 n/cm2
JLC: 1E+9/cm2/Yr (Preliminary)
Radiation hardness
Vee (V) Vee (V)
Dark
curr
ent
(ele
ctro
ns/
pix
)
Electrons from 90Sr Neutrons from 252Cf
HPK10
![Page 12: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Radiation hardness Radiation hardness [cont’d][cont’d]
Methods VCTI
improvement
3-phase to
2-phase
~2.5 times
Std to
notch structure
~3 or 4 times
CTI properties
3Phase 2Phase
Std
CTI
Notch
VC
TI (
Irr
ad
iati
on
)C
TI (
Irr
adia
tion)
Electron
Neutron
HPK10
CTI~Nt/Ns
Concentration Nt : Defect
Ns : Signal
![Page 13: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Radiation test Radiation test -1--1- Our tests showed “Lifetime of CCD > 1Year !
Why additional test of radiation damage, then ?
Non
-Ion
izin
g E
ner g
y L
oss
Radiation damageis thought to be proportional to NIEL
The radiation damageat JLC estimated to be10 times bigger thanour study using 90Sr.
Radiation damage by high energy (>10MeV)electrons should be studied.
![Page 14: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Radiation test -1- Radiation test -1- [cont’d][cont’d]
Non
-Ion
izin
g E
ner g
y L
os s
Radiation damage by high energy (>10MeV) electrons
should be studied.
![Page 15: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Radiation test (First trial Radiation test (First trial 2002/12/9)2002/12/9)Experimental setup
ElectronBeam150 MeV
Pt 0.1X0
0.5X0
Bending Magnet
Choice of Settings1) Primary Beam Energy
150MeV electrons2) Target radiation length
0.1/0.5 X0
3) B field High/Low Tesla mode
Tohoku-Univ. Lab. of Nuclear Science
![Page 16: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Radiation test Radiation test [cont’d][cont’d]
Plan “Trial Run” -> Real Run in May?, 2003
1. Study of Background @LNS CsI(pure) calorimeter2. Irradiation @LNS Energy of electrons On target ; 150 MeV On CCD ; 100 MeV Irradiation: 5x1010/cm2 Dosimetry; RadFET
![Page 17: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Radiation test Radiation test [cont’d][cont’d]
Energy distribution of the scattered electrons
Incident electrons: 125 MeV/c
![Page 18: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Radiation test Radiation test [cont’d][cont’d]
3. Cryogenic measuring system for CCD - almost same as the one which Stefanov-san used in Japan
Cryostat
Temperature Controller CCD Board inside the cryostat
![Page 19: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Spatial resolutionSpatial resolution-Test beam--Test beam-
S/N > 10 @278K
Dark current is suppressed by the successfulOperation of Inverted mode. Noises in a pixel (R/O cycle ~ 3sec. )
HPK10(23e)/ HPK50(58e) / EEV(37e)
HPK50 : HPK with epitaxial layer of 50m
4-Layers CCD Tracker
![Page 20: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Spatial resolutionSpatial resolutionTemp.( C)
Method HPK10 HPK50 EEV
-15 C AC 3.56+-0.02 2.67+-0.09 3.71+-0.08
RLM 2.76+-0.03 2.79+-0.09 2.94+-0.10
+5C AC 3.68+-0.03 3.34+-0.10 3.84+-0.08
RLM 3.46+-0.04 3.67+-0.12 2.59+-0.16
RLM : RLM functionAC : Analog centered
PmaxPR =
Pix
el
AP
ixe
l B
Sig
nal
of
Pix
el A
Sig
nal
of
Pix
el B
o
![Page 21: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Spatial resolution Spatial resolution [cont’d][cont’d]
Intrinsic ResolutionIs better than 3 m.
Intrinsic ResolutionIs better than 3 m. Thermal diffusion of signal charge improves resolution.
![Page 22: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Comparison with simulationComparison with simulation- by T. Aso- by T. Aso
En
ergy
dep
osit
(keV
)
Thickness of active layer(m)
Geant4:Energy Deposit 2GeV,π‐HPK50 12.0keV 7×7clsHPK10
2.2keV 2×2cls
Energy Deposit in Silicon
Estimated Active layer•11m for HPK10•51m for HPK50
Active Active LayerLayer
51.1m
11.0m
![Page 23: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
HPK10 HPK50
Charge sharing simulation - by T. AsoCharge sharing simulation - by T. Aso
+: d/A=50%×: d/A=30%*: d/A=20%△: d/A=10%□: d/A=5%
Depletion (d)Field Free (f)
Active Active (A=d+f)(A=d+f)
X X
Log(R) Log(R)
d ~ sqrt(2Dt)
f ~ G.R.HopkinsonNIM A216(1983)432 E
ner
gy(k
eV)
N×N Clustering
HPK50
HPK10
Open : Exp
Close : Sim
Drift coff. *Drift Time
![Page 24: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Electronics fabricationElectronics fabrication Readout operation
– All pixels must be readout every train crossing interval of 6.7 ms, in the real experiment at JLC.
– 10MHz readout can transfer about 250x250pix in the interval.
5cm
1.25cm
250x250pix/chip16chips/sensor
Total 424 sensors
6784chips needed.
![Page 25: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Fast R/O System -1-Fast R/O System -1-Features Fast Not expensive Low power Flexible design
Optical linkLVDS link
1st
2ndFinal
![Page 26: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Fast R/O System -2-Fast R/O System -2-Evaluation board of ADC
– CCD Signal processor chip for Digital Camera 9x9mm2 chip size ~ $6/chip
– AD9844A(Analog Devices Co.) 12bit 20MSPS ADC 20MSPS Correlated Double Sampler
6bit variable CDS Gain Amp. Low power consumption(65mW/2.7V)
SHP SHP
SHD
FADC
![Page 27: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Fast R/O System -3-Fast R/O System -3-
LVDS Inputs for clocks etc
XC2V404CS144C(FPGA)
AD9844A[FADC]
Backside Interface to Digital board (12 bit DBUS]
Linearity was confirmed.LSB resolution 0.2mV.
Dynamic range 0~800mV
![Page 28: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
SummarySummary Design and status of JLC VTX detector is presented. Goal --- CCD operation at room temperature
Radiation hardness : No problem, so far.– But, further investigation is necessary.
Electrons => Higher energy must be confirmed experimentally. ( Additional experiments are going. )Neutrons => Yield of neutron is ambiguous ( beam dump ) ( Reliable simulation with precise geometry, JUPITER)
Spatial resolution : < 3m at -15 C.– More investigation of charge sharing property improve resolution?
( Laser scanner test at Niigata Univ. with 2x2m spot.)
Readout Electronics: Evaluating– Study the effect of Fast readout for irradiated samples
Evaluation of thinned device– Partially thinned CCD ..(Distortion measurement system: ready)
o
![Page 29: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
CCM CCD (1)CCM CCD (1)CCM (Charge carrier multiplier)
– Multiply generated charge using Impact ionization
•Multiplying generated charge directly in the charge domain before conversion into a voltage•High-field region between the two neighboring gates•Gained energy is dissipated through Impact Ionization [II]•Small variance in the II
![Page 30: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
CCM CCD(2)CCM CCD(2)Difficult to reduce the noise floor of
existing charge detection amplifiers particularly at high clocking freq.
![Page 31: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
CCM CCD(3) –IMPACTRON-CCM CCD(3) –IMPACTRON- IMPACTRON
– Texas Instruments– TC253SPD– 658(H)x496(V)A
pix. In Image Sensing Area
– 7.4m Square Pixels
– Charge multiplication gain 1~30– Charge conversion
gain w/o CCM 10V/e– Epitaxtial Layer
depth?
690
496
4
500
CCM (400pix)
Charge Multiplication!!!
![Page 32: R&D program in JFY2002 for JLC vertex detector N.Tamura ; Niigata University Y.Sugimoto, A.Miyamoto ; KEK T. Aso ; Toyama National College of Maritime](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ed45503460f94be51ae/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
CCM CCD (4) –CCM CCD (4) –IMPACTRON-IMPACTRON-
Gamma ray spectrum55Fe0 oC
Driver for Impactron is now being developed. ↓
↓ Will be compared withHPK S5466