rda for the non-cataloger: with an emphasis on government information lori robare university of...
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RDA for the Non-Cataloger:With an Emphasis on
Government Information
Lori RobareUniversity of Oregon Libraries
October 14, 2013
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RDA : Resource Description and Access
• RDA has been developed as a replacement for AACR2– By the Joint Steering Committee (JSC)
• International effort: U.S., U.K., Canada, Australia, Germany
• Published in June 2010• Testing by U.S. libraries July 2010-March
2011DIGOR, October 2013
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Gradual implementation
• Library of Congress completed its implementation in March 2013
• Many libraries are beginning to catalog in RDA
• When to implement is a local decision• RDA records are compatible with AACR2
records– Most libraries will not re-catalog
DIGOR, October 2013
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GPO’s implementation
• Effective April 1, 2013, all of GPO’s original cataloging is done according to RDA
• GPO will use AACR2 records in copy cataloging
• Webinar recording available:– An overview of RDA and its implementation at
GPOhttp://www.fdlp.gov/component/content/article/16-cataloging/1457-
rda-standard-implemented-gpo-4-1-13
DIGOR, October 2013
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DIGOR, October 2013
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DIGOR, October 2013
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DIGOR, October 2013
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RDA
• Fundamental re-thinking of cataloging theory and practice– Yet designed to be compatible with existing records
• Based on internationally established principles, models and standards
• Designed with the user in mind, using terminology that makes sense
• A more consistent and flexible framework for describing all types of resources
DIGOR, October 2013
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RDA ...
• defines individual data elements, many with controlled vocabulary lists
• can be used with MARC, but is structured to work with new data formats
• clearly indicates the nature of relationships – e.g., between works and their creators
• will support the integration of library catalog data into the broader environment
DIGOR, October 2013
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Things that are changing with RDA
• Changes in what you’ll see in catalog records
• Conceptual changes in how we think about cataloging and do cataloging
• Structural changes that will affect the role of library data in the web environment
DIGOR, October 2013
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User tasks• Find• Identify• Select• Obtain
Entity-relationship model• Entities: Group 1, 2, 3• Relationships• Attributes
Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)
DIGOR, October 2013
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FRBR entities: Group 1• (products of intellectual or artistic endeavor) = the things we collect
– Work– Expression– Manifestation– Item
DIGOR, October 2013
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Work
Slide from William Denton and Jodi SchneiderDIGOR, October 2013
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Expressions
Les Trois Mousquetaires
Text in French
Translation into English
14
Spoken word
Slide adapted from Denton and Schneider DIGOR, October 2013
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Manifestations
books
VideocassettesDVDs
CDsSlide from William Denton and Jodi SchneiderDIGOR, October 2013
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Viking, 2006 manifestation: 2 items at UO
Trident, 1999 manifestation: 1 item at UO
Items
Copy 1
Copy 2
DIGOR, October 2013
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Original Work - Same
Expression
Same Work – New Expression New Work
Cataloging Rules Cut-Off Point
DerivativeEquivalent Descriptive
Facsimile
Reprint
ExactReproduction
Copy
MicroformReproduction
Variations or Versions
Translation
Simultaneous“Publication”
Edition
Revision
SlightModification
ExpurgatedEdition
IllustratedEdition
AbridgedEdition
Arrangement
SummaryAbstractDigest
Change of Genre
Adaptation
DramatizationNovelizationScreenplay
Libretto
FreeTranslation
Same Style orThematic Content
Parody
Imitation
Review
Criticism
AnnotatedEdition
Casebook
Evaluation
Commentary
Barbara Tillett: Family of Works
DIGOR, October 2013
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FRBR entities: Group 2• those responsible for the intellectual and
artistic content*
– Person– Corporate body– Family
DIGOR, October 2013
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Work
Expression
Manifestation
Item
Group 2
many
is owned by
is produced by
is realized by
is created by
Person
Corporate Body
Family
Slide from Barbara Tillett DIGOR, October 2013
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ER Database
Work: Gone with the windWork: Gone
with the windcreated by
has a subject
realized through
Work: Gone with the wind (1938 film)
Work: Gone with the wind (1938 film)
derived from
Person: O’Hara, ScarlettPerson: O’Hara, Scarlett
Place: GeorgiaPlace: Georgia
Expression: Hungarian text
Expression: Hungarian textExpression: Danish textExpression: Danish text
Expression: English textExpression: English text
Expression: English abridged text
Expression: English abridged text
Expression: Chinese textExpression: Chinese textExpression: English spoken word
Expression: English spoken word
Person: Mitchell, Margaret, 1900-1949
Person: Mitchell, Margaret, 1900-1949
Slide from Robert MaxwellDIGOR, October 2013
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ER Database Work: Gone with the windWork: Gone
with the wind
realized throughExpression: English spoken word
Expression: English spoken word
Person: Stephens, Linda
Person: Stephens, Linda
performed by
Manifestation
Format: audiocassette
Publisher: Recorded Books, ℗2001
embodied in
Manifestation
Format: compact disc
Publisher: Recorded Books, ℗2001
Manifestation
Format: Playaway
Publisher: Playaway, ©2009
Slide from Robert MaxwellDIGOR, October 2013
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RDA outline: Attributes (sect. 1-4)
• Recording attributes of:– manifestation and item (chapters 1-4)– work and expression (chapters 5-7)– person, family, and corporate body (chapters 8-
11)– concept, object, event,* place (chapters
12-16)
DIGOR, October 2013
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Changes in terminology
• Author Creator
• Heading Authorized access point
• Uniform title Preferred title
• Main entry [it’s complicated]
DIGOR, October 2013
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Changes in catalog records
• “Take what you see” in fields that we transcribe:– Title, statement of responsibility, edition, etc.
– Much less adjusting, abbreviating, omitting, bracketing
– No longer using [sic] for errors
DIGOR, October 2013
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AACR2:Title: Bizzare [sic] talesEdition: 3rd rev. ed.Alt title: Bizarre tales
RDA:Title: Bizzare talesEdition: Third revised editionAlt title: Corrected title: Bizarre tales (optional)
DIGOR, October 2013
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Capitalization MAY differ
• May match what is on the item
AACR2:Title: Baltic journal of art history
RDA:Title: Baltic journal of art history
ORBaltic journal of ART HISTORY
DIGOR, October 2013
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No more [et al.]• No limit on the number of people recorded in a single
statement of responsibility
AACR2:America’s radical right / Raymond Wolfinger ... [et al.].
RDA:America’s radical right / Raymond Wolfinger, Martin Shapiro,
Fred I. Greenstein, Steven J. Rosenstone.
Alternative: America’s radical right / Raymond Wolfinger [and three others].
DIGOR, October 2013
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How does this affect “main entry”?
• No more “rule of three”– More than three creators?
Wolfinger, Raymond E. ** requiredAmerica’s radical right / Raymond Wolfinger, Martin
Shapiro, Fred I. Greenstein, Steven J. Rosenstone.
Access points: Shapiro, Martin.Greenstein, Fred I.Rosenstone, Steven J.
Allowed, but not required
DIGOR, October 2013
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Changes in headings/access points:personal names
• Abbreviations spelled out:
Lee, John, 18th cent. Lee, John, 18th centuryKing, Mike, 1946 Oct. 10- King, Mike, 1946 October 10Smith, Jane, ca. 1820-1865 Smith, Jane, approximately 1820-1865Tate, Ellen, fl. 1893-1940 Tate, Ellen, active 1893-1940
• Terms indicating relationships are part of the name:
Williams, Hank, 1949- Williams, Hank, Jr., 1949-
DIGOR, October 2013
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Corporate names & titles• “Department” spelled out, if it is used that way Ohio. Dept. of Commerce Ohio. Department of Commerce
• Parts of the Bible Bible. O.T. Bible. Old Testament Bible. O.T. Genesis Bible. Genesis
• Other sacred scriptures Koran Qur’an
DIGOR, October 2013
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Changes to authority file• Machine conversion of about 400,000 authority
records in March 2013– Spelling out abbreviations:
• Dept. Department– Changing Koran to Qur’an– Spell out or remove O.T. and N.T
• These changes happened in the WorldCat authority file – Some bibliographic records in WorldCat were linked
and changed
DIGOR, October 2013
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Updating “Dept.” access pointsin bibliographic records
• This is a huge endeavor
• A great deal of progress has been made in the WorldCat database
• Local catalogs will vary – If you rely on browsing for author names including
the word “Dept.”/”Department”, talk to your catalogers – find out what they are doing
DIGOR, October 2013
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DIGOR, October 2013
Washington State University’s catalog
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DIGOR, October 2013
Washington State University’s catalog
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DIGOR, October 2013
Searching in WorldCat Local: washington state department
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DIGOR, October 2013
Searching in WorldCat Local: washington state dept
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Latin terms replaced
• AACR2, when you could not even guess place of publication or name of publisher:
[S. l.] : [s.n.]
• RDA: [Place of publication not identified] : [publisher not
identified]
…but actually we will most often give a probable place, even just: [United States?]
DIGOR, October 2013
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Publication & copyright dates
• AACR2: – If date of publication is unknown, the copyright
date is given in its place– Copyright date not usually in the record otherwise
• RDA: – copyright date is a separate element and is often
included in records, even if the same as publication date
DIGOR, October 2013
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AACR2:[S.l.] : Harvest House Pub., c2010.
RDA:[United States] : Harvest House Publishers, [2010].
In addition, you may see in a separate field:©2010ORcopyright 2010
DIGOR, October 2013
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More discrete statements about publication (distribution, etc.)
• AACR2 and the MARC 260 field combine information about publication, distribution, manufacture, and copyright in one text string
• RDA defines separate elements for these– And the new MARC 264 field allows separate
statements in a MARC record
DIGOR, October 2013
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New MARC codingfor publication information: 264
Provides separate statements for information about publication, distribution, manufacture, and copyright
264 _1 [United States] : $b Harvest House Publishers, $c [2010]264 _4 $c ©2010
DIGOR, October 2013
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2nd indicator describes the function 264 Second indicator:
0 Production1 Publication2 Distribution3 Manufacture 4 Copyright notice date
•GPO practice: record a distribution statement that appears on the item being cataloged, in addition to the publication statement
DIGOR, October 2013
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Catalog display making use of separate statements (Stanford University Libraries)
DIGOR, October 2013
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DIGOR, October 2013
UO’s local catalog: new labels for different functions not yet implemented
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Less abbreviating, more wordsPhysical description (300 field)
AACR2: 86, [21] p. : ill., 1 folded map ; 24 cm.
RDA: 86 pages, 21 unnumbered pages : illustrations, 1
folded map ; 24 cm
DIGOR, October 2013
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Some abbreviations endure
• RDA still uses abbreviations for dimensions and for duration:
1 DVD video (90 min.) : digital, sound, color ; 4 ¾ in.
DIGOR, October 2013
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Another terminology change
• For a CDAACR2: 1 sound disc
RDA: 1 audio discOption: use a term such as “CD” or “compact disc”:
1 CD 1 compact disc
DIGOR, October 2013
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No more [General material designation]
• GMD is the bracketed information in the title that conveys the type of material
[electronic resource][sound recording][videorecording]
• Replaced by three new elements:– Content type (text, performed music, spoken word,
etc.)– Media type (audio, microform, video, etc.)– Carrier type (audio disc, online resource, videodisc, etc)
DIGOR, October 2013
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MARC fields replacing the GMD
• 336 Content type• 337 Media type• 338 Carrier type
• These collectively replace the [GMD]• Questions about catalog display
– Icons? – Text?
DIGOR, October 2013
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AACR2 : e-book
Game of thrones and philosophy [electronic resource] : logic cuts deeper than swords / edited by Henry Jacoby.
RDA : e-book Game of thrones and philosophy : logic cuts deeper than swords / edited by Henry Jacoby.
336 $a text $2 rdacontent 337 $a computer $2 rdamedia 338 $a online resource $2 rdacarrier
Replace GMD
DIGOR, October 2013
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Examples: cartographic
Printed mapcartographic image unmediatedsheet
Online mapcartographic image computeronline resource
DIGOR, October 2013
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Examples: moving images
DVDtwo-dimensional moving image videovideodisc
Streaming videotwo-dimensional moving image computeronline resource
DIGOR, October 2013
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Examples: music
CDperformed music audioaudio disc
Scorenotated music unmediatedvolume
DIGOR, October 2013
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If displayed in a catalog record…
• Might display with the “Description” field (300):
Title: RED DIAPER BABYDescription: 1 DVD video (90 min.) : digital, sound,
color ; 4 ¾ in. two-dimensional moving image video videodisc
DIGOR, October 2013
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BYU’s catalog
DIGOR, October 2013
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DIGOR, October 2013
BYU’s catalog: online government publication
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DIGOR, October 2013
BYU’s catalog: printed map
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Puyallup, Sept. 2013
To find RDA records in BYU’s catalog: catalog.lib.byu.eduDo a “search all” keyword using “rda{040}”
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Puyallup, Sept. 2013
catalog.lib.byu.edu“search all” keyword using “rda{040} and oregon”
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33X fields are repeatable
• Many resources have more than one content, media, and carrier type
• The fields may be repeated– $3 may be used to identify parts of the resource
OR
• Multiple terms may be given within one field– 336 $a text $a still image
Puyallup, Sept. 2013
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Book + DVD
Puyallup, Sept. 2013
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Spoken word CDs + booklet
Puyallup, Sept. 2013
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Challenges with loss of GMD
• Some libraries rely on the GMD to alert patrons and staff to format of material
• Large print– New MARC subfield, recently implemented:
• 340 Physical medium $n Font size• Example: 340 $n Large print
• Some will continue to add GMD locally– map terms from new fields?– possibilities with MarcEdit?
DIGOR, October 2013
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RDA Carrier Type displayed in search results (BYU)
DIGOR, October 2013
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DIGOR, October 2013
Discovery layer:RDA record for a DVD in WorldCat Local
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Is it an RDA record?
DIGOR, October 2013
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How to identify an RDA record
DIGOR, October 2013
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OCLC and “RDA-ifying” WorldCat
• OCLC has begun changing some AACR2 (and earlier) records in WorldCat to incorporate useful RDA practices
• Consistency should help new catalogers, systems staff, patrons– And make the transition to a post-MARC world
easier
Puyallup, Sept. 2013
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Changes include:
• Adding 336, 337, 338 fields• Spelling out abbreviations in some fields• Converting Latin abbreviations to English
equivalents in some fields• Heading changes according to RDA
Puyallup, Sept. 2013
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DIGOR, October 2013
AACR2 record with RDA fields added by OCLC
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DIGOR, October 2013
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Acquisitions, Copy cataloging, ILL• Recognizing RDA records in Connexion/staff
view– 040 $e rda & Desc “i”
• Identifying a matching record: what looks different?
• Copy catalogers: what should be edited – anything?
• Retain data (don’t delete!) – even if it isn’t used by ILS now
DIGOR, October 2013
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ILS changes
• Ensure that your ILS can load new MARC fields• Make decisions about display and indexing
– If the GMD is important to your users, can you make changes that will provide the information?
• Talk to your vendor: what is being done to support use of RDA fields?
DIGOR, October 2013
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Identifying people
• … & corporate bodies, & families
• and naming relationships
Open Clip Art Library: russelDIGOR, October 2013
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DIGOR, October 2013
RDA authority record for a person:Labeled / Public display in LC’s catalog(authorities.loc.gov)
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DIGOR, October 2013
Ending date
Beginning date
Affiliation
RDA MARC authority record for a person – with new fields
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DIGOR, October 2013
Government agency in Hawaii
Field of activity
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Relationships in RDA• Naming relationships between:
– a person (or corporate body, family) and a resource• Jane Doe is the choreographer of this dance
– between resources• ABC is a parody of XYZ
– between people, corporate bodies, etc.• Samuel Clemens is the real identity of Mark Twain
• …in a very structured way, that computers can understand
Thanks to Dianne Hillmann DIGOR, October 2013
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In a catalog record…
•Author access points MAY be followed by terms describing the role of the person or organization:
– e.g., author, editor, composer, filmmaker, performer, production company, issuing body, sponsoring body
DIGOR, October 2013
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Terms that identify roles MAY follow author access points
DIGOR, October 2013
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Examples for corporate bodies
DIGOR, October 2013
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In a catalog record…
• Access points for related works MAY have introductory terms specifying the nature of the relationship
– e.g., based on …, abridgement of … , parody of …, remake of … , prequel to …, revision of …
DIGOR, October 2013
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DIGOR, October 2013
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DIGOR, October 2013
Authority record relationships:Labeled / Public display in LC’s catalog
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Slide from Adam SchiffDIGOR, October 2013
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Puyallup, Sept. 2013
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Puyallup, Sept. 2013
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Other relationship terms
• Just a few of the many available terms:– Adaptation of (work)– Commentary on (expression)– Issued with– Parody of (work)– Remake of (work)– Screenplay for (expression)– Translation of
Puyallup, Sept. 2013
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Benefits
• Greatly enhanced ability to provide structured information about:– People, corporate bodies, and families important
to our local institutions and communities– Roles that they perform in relation to the
resources in our collections– Relationships among resources
• We have always tried to do this, but were limited to textual note fields
DIGOR, October 2013
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Looking ahead: the potential
• RDA data elements and vocabularies have been registered– Formally defined in an open metadata registry– Each term has a unique URI
• Machines can use and interpret catalog information in a new way
• Opens up our world to others who want to organize and structure information – or use our data
Thanks to Diane Hillmann DIGOR, October 2013
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http://metadataregistry.org/
DIGOR, October 2013
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RDA Relationships for Persons, Corporate Bodies, Families
Real identityReal identity
DIGOR, October 2013
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Detail: Real identity
URIURI
DIGOR, October 2013
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A computer can “understand”:• Mark Twain
– (link to name authority record) viaf.org/viaf/50566653
• Has real identity– (link to “Real identity” role in the registry):
metadataregistry.org/uri/schema/RDARelationshipsGR2/realIdentity (RDF)
• Samuel Clemens– (link to name authority record)
http://viaf.org/viaf/53367783
DIGOR, October 2013
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Part of Mark Twain’s authority record
DIGOR, October 2013
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…which is linked to the Virtual International Authority File
DIGOR, October 2013
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Which is referenced in the Wikipedia entry for Mark Twain
DIGOR, October 2013
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MARC is changing…
• New fields• More discrete data elements
– Text that has been impossible to process and manipulate much improved
• But is it changing enough?
DIGOR, October 2013
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www.loc.gov/marc/transition
DIGOR, October 2013
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LC’s Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative
• Collaborative process• Focus: translate the MARC 21 format to a
linked data model– While retaining as much as possible the robust
and beneficial aspects of MARC
• LC contracted with Zepheira to:– Provide model(s) as starting point for discussion– Provide analysis of related initiatives underway
DIGOR, October 2013
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DIGOR, October 2013
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Closing thoughts…
• Be nice to your catalogers
• They have a lot to deal with right now
Open Clip Art Library: secretlondonDIGOR, October 2013
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Catalogers:
• Be patient with yourself and others as we’re ALL learning
• Take advantage of free training resources
DIGOR, October 2013
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Help from LC and others: freely available here!
http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/
DIGOR, October 2013
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Help from: ALCTS – webinars are free after six months!
FRBR as a Foundation for RDA – Robert MaxwellChanges from AACR2 to RDA: a Comparison of Examples – Adam Schiff
DIGOR, October 2013
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“Elevator speech”
• RDA aims to provide catalog data that will help libraries define our presence on the Web– With well-defined and structured data elements
– Clearly indicating relationships among works and the people responsible for them
– Clearer language for our patrons
– Easier for computers to manipulate
DIGOR, October 2013
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Thank you!
• And thanks to:– William Denton– Jodi Schneider– Diane Hillmann– Robert Maxwell– Adam Schiff– Barbara Tillett
…for the use of some slidesDIGOR, October 2013
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• Cataloger’s Learning Workshop: www.loc.gov/catworkshop/
• ALCTS webinar archive: www.ala.org/alcts/confevents/past/webinar• Adam Schiff’s RDA presentations:
http://faculty.washington.edu/aschiff/• Metadata Registry
http://metadataregistry.org/• Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative
http://www.loc.gov/marc/transition/
DIGOR, October 2013
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Questions?